38:
243:"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
524:
551:
314:
94:
1240:
1210:
255:" expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."
1180:
536:
This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as
286:
because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
1314:
225:"Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
1309:
607:
349:
for US works, such as Canada (50 pma), Mainland China (50 pma, not Hong Kong or Macau), Germany (70 pma), Mexico (100 pma), Switzerland (70 pma), and other countries with individual treaties. See
60:
56:
52:
48:
42:
73:
105:
251:
1286:
1281:
1239:
1234:
1209:
1204:
234:"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them."
195:
1257:
Uploaded a work by A&M Records from https://www.ebay.com/itm/374426970942?hash=item572d962b3e:g:ZwYAAOSwjJtjqeoH with UploadWizard
176:
542:
562:
1111:
1077:
1060:
1179:
1174:
64:
37:
557:
Note: This tag applies to scans and photocopies only. For photographs of public domain originals taken from afar,
346:
167:
537:
when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate
514:
1267:
The following pages on the
English Knowledge (XXG) use this file (pages on other projects are not listed):
702:
213:
113:
751:
606:
957:
885:
859:
328:
1291:
934:
824:
690:
216:
taken and publicly distributed to promote the subject or a work relating to the subject.
801:
703:
1271:
327:
because it was published in the United States between 1978 and March 1, 1989 without a
323:
282:
267:
Date stamped on back shows a date of 1987, however this photo was likely taken in 1986.
1276:
1250:
1220:
1190:
1007:
971:
922:
100:
1344:
275:
558:
538:
678:
908:
800:
788:
764:
714:
495:
486:
873:
836:
812:
737:
654:
504:
441:
350:
459:
250:
writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors
983:
813:
776:
666:
618:
477:
468:
450:
432:
423:
414:
405:
396:
387:
378:
369:
360:
1329:
752:
995:
837:
642:
630:
592:
157:
935:
334:
1147:
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
886:
1339:
1008:
691:
308:
88:
738:
549:
522:
219:
As stated by film production expert Eve Light
Honathaner in
246:
Kristin
Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for
170:
1324:
1315:משתמש:WikiJunkie/שנות ה-80 של המאה ה-20 במוזיקה הפופולרית
341:
Unless its author has been dead for several years, it is
996:
972:
1044:
Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents
643:
496:
487:
789:
679:
505:
442:
78:(1,560 × 2,183 pixels, file size: 347 KB, MIME type:
132:
112:
Commons is a freely licensed media file repository.
667:
460:
777:
765:
478:
469:
451:
433:
424:
415:
406:
397:
388:
379:
370:
361:
247:
825:
715:
984:
874:
579:Is this work in the public domain in my country?
345:in the countries or areas that do not apply the
173:No copyright markings on front or back of photo.
138:Janet Jackson 1986 (A&M Publicity photo).jpg
631:
232:(Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.), notes:
655:
230:The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook
93:
1287:List of Hot Black Singles number ones of 1987
1282:List of Hot Black Singles number ones of 1986
619:
337:with the U.S. Copyright Office within 5 years
8:
909:
1345:We Don't Have to Take Our Clothes Off
1149:
1040:
967:
952:
923:
918:
903:
869:
854:
747:
732:
602:
587:
573:
513:
288:
202:Back of photo shows a date of publication.
1302:The following other wikis use this file:
1310:שנות ה-80 של המאה ה-20 במוזיקה הפופולרית
1269:
1125:
1109:
1091:
1075:
1058:
1055:
1036:
1029:
955:
906:
857:
735:
590:
576:
756:, all countries, unless listed below
313:
237:Film industry author Gerald Mast, in
221:The Complete Film Production Handbook
7:
1138:
543:Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag
1049:
1043:
563:Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag
319:
279:
205:
142:
125:
71:
1048:
958:
860:
593:
1034:
312:
239:Film Study and the Copyright Law
92:
31:
21:
1031:
333:copyright was not subsequently
186:Distributed by A&M Records.
143:
14:
1030:
26:
1:
1330:Control (album Janet Jackson)
1014:Not public domain until 2048
1002:Not public domain until 2058
990:Not public domain until 2058
941:Not public domain until 2038
929:Not public domain until 2058
880:Not public domain until 2038
843:Not public domain until 2058
831:Not public domain until 2058
819:Not public domain until 2058
807:Not public domain until 2058
795:Not public domain until 2058
771:Not public domain until 2037
759:Not public domain until 2058
721:Not public domain until 2063
709:Not public domain until 2038
697:Not public domain until 2038
685:Not public domain until 2038
673:Not public domain until 2038
661:Not public domain until 2037
637:Not public domain until 2038
625:Not public domain until 2048
613:Not public domain until 2038
223:(Focal Press, 2001, p. 211.):
1056:Items portrayed in this file
541:tag instead. For usage, see
1363:
1336:Usage on sv.wikipedia.org
1321:Usage on it.wikipedia.org
1306:Usage on he.wikipedia.org
1139:
206:
16:
1033:
887:United States of America
353:for further explanation.
347:rule of the shorter term
248:Cinema and Media Studies
175:Higher resolution photo
99:This is a file from the
1256:
1235:18:08, 20 February 2023
1226:
1205:18:09, 20 February 2023
1196:
1175:18:09, 20 February 2023
561:may be applicable. See
190:
182:
163:
156:
153:
135:
103:. Information from its
554:
527:
241:(1989, p. 87), writes:
148:Janet Jackson in 1986.
106:description page there
41:Size of this preview:
553:
526:
280:This image is in the
1340:Control (musikalbum)
321:This work is in the
65:1,560 × 2,183 pixels
443:português do Brasil
47:Other resolutions:
555:
528:
61:732 × 1,024 pixels
1298:Global file usage
1260:
1042:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1017:
949:
948:
945:
944:
900:
899:
896:
895:
851:
850:
847:
846:
729:
728:
725:
724:
571:
570:
566:
546:
532:
531:
517:
307:
306:
263:
262:
199:
196:Reusing this file
121:
120:
101:Wikimedia Commons
32:Global file usage
1354:
1247:
1217:
1187:
1010:
998:
986:
974:
968:
960:
953:
937:
925:
919:
911:
904:
888:
876:
870:
862:
855:
839:
827:
815:
803:
791:
779:
767:
754:
748:
740:
733:
717:
705:
693:
681:
669:
657:
645:
633:
621:
609:
603:
595:
588:
574:
556:
552:
535:
525:
518:
329:copyright notice
316:
315:
309:
303:
300:
297:
294:
289:
276:
228:Nancy Wolff, in
211:
193:
159:
147:
139:
133:
117:
96:
95:
89:
83:
81:
68:
57:549 × 768 pixels
53:343 × 480 pixels
49:171 × 240 pixels
43:428 × 599 pixels
1362:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1296:
1292:Madonna (album)
1268:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1223:
1215:
1193:
1185:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1028:
1023:
962:
950:
913:
901:
864:
852:
742:
730:
597:
581:
567:
550:
523:
507:
498:
489:
480:
471:
462:
453:
444:
435:
426:
417:
408:
399:
390:
381:
372:
363:
359:
356:
354:
301:
298:
295:
292:
274:
264:
259:
258:
214:publicity still
209:
149:
137:
130:
123:
122:
111:
110:
109:is shown below.
85:
79:
77:
70:
69:
46:
12:
11:
5:
1360:
1358:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1272:1980s in music
1266:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1184:1,560 × 2,183
1182:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1145:
1144:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1004:
1003:
1000:
992:
991:
988:
980:
979:
978:Public domain
976:
964:
963:
956:
951:
947:
946:
943:
942:
939:
931:
930:
927:
915:
914:
907:
902:
898:
897:
894:
893:
892:Public domain
890:
882:
881:
878:
866:
865:
858:
853:
849:
848:
845:
844:
841:
833:
832:
829:
821:
820:
817:
809:
808:
805:
797:
796:
793:
785:
784:
783:Public domain
781:
773:
772:
769:
761:
760:
757:
753:European Union
744:
743:
736:
731:
727:
726:
723:
722:
719:
711:
710:
707:
699:
698:
695:
687:
686:
683:
675:
674:
671:
663:
662:
659:
651:
650:
649:Public domain
647:
639:
638:
635:
627:
626:
623:
615:
614:
611:
599:
598:
591:
586:
583:
582:
577:
572:
569:
568:
530:
529:
520:
340:
317:
305:
304:
273:
270:
269:
268:
261:
260:
257:
256:
244:
235:
226:
207:
204:
200:
188:
187:
184:
180:
179:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
140:
131:
129:
126:
124:
119:
118:
97:
87:
86:
40:
36:
35:
34:
29:
24:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1359:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1325:Janet Jackson
1323:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1277:Janet Jackson
1275:
1273:
1270:
1262:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1194:
1189:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1142:
1113:
1079:
1062:
1013:
1011:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
994:
993:
989:
987:
982:
981:
977:
975:
970:
969:
966:
965:
961:
959:South America
954:
940:
938:
933:
932:
928:
926:
921:
920:
917:
916:
912:
905:
891:
889:
884:
883:
879:
877:
872:
871:
868:
867:
863:
861:North America
856:
842:
840:
835:
834:
830:
828:
823:
822:
818:
816:
811:
810:
806:
804:
799:
798:
794:
792:
787:
786:
782:
780:
775:
774:
770:
768:
763:
762:
758:
755:
750:
749:
746:
745:
741:
734:
720:
718:
713:
712:
708:
706:
704:Taiwan Island
701:
700:
696:
694:
689:
688:
684:
682:
677:
676:
672:
670:
665:
664:
660:
658:
653:
652:
648:
646:
641:
640:
636:
634:
629:
628:
624:
622:
617:
616:
612:
610:
605:
604:
601:
600:
596:
589:
585:
584:
580:
575:
564:
560:
548:
547:
544:
540:
533:
521:
519:
516:
512:
508:
503:
499:
494:
490:
485:
481:
476:
472:
467:
463:
458:
454:
449:
445:
440:
436:
431:
427:
422:
418:
413:
409:
404:
400:
395:
391:
386:
382:
377:
373:
368:
364:
357:
355:
352:
348:
344:
338:
336:
330:
326:
325:
324:public domain
318:
311:
310:
296:Public domain
293:Public domain
291:
290:
285:
284:
283:public domain
278:
277:
271:
266:
265:
254:
252:
249:
245:
242:
240:
236:
233:
231:
227:
224:
222:
218:
217:
215:
203:
201:
197:
192:
189:
185:
181:
178:
174:
172:
169:
166:
162:
152:
146:
141:
134:
127:
115:
108:
107:
102:
98:
91:
90:
84:
75:
74:Original file
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
44:
39:
33:
30:
28:
25:
23:
20:
18:
15:
1301:
1244:806 × 1,000
1146:
1143:File history
578:
534:
510:
501:
492:
483:
474:
465:
456:
447:
438:
429:
420:
411:
402:
393:
384:
375:
366:
358:
342:
332:
322:
320:
281:
238:
229:
220:
144:
114:You can help
104:
72:
22:File history
936:New Zealand
826:Switzerland
692:Philippines
470:slovenščina
343:copyrighted
136:Description
1263:File usage
1214:468 × 640
1160:Dimensions
1127:image/jpeg
1112:media type
559:{{PD-Art}}
539:{{PD-old}}
425:македонски
335:registered
331:, and its
212:This is a
191:Permission
80:image/jpeg
27:File usage
1157:Thumbnail
1154:Date/Time
1078:inception
1009:Venezuela
973:Argentina
924:Australia
461:sicilianu
434:português
351:this page
272:Licensing
145:English:
1252:PascalHD
1222:PascalHD
1192:PascalHD
1186:(347 KB)
1037:Captions
680:Pakistan
398:italiano
389:français
1246:(16 KB)
1216:(54 KB)
1171:current
1166:Comment
1061:depicts
1041:English
910:Oceania
802:Andorra
790:Albania
766:Finland
716:Vietnam
452:русский
380:español
371:English
362:Deutsch
253:, that:
208:English
171:Archive
128:Summary
76:
875:Canada
838:Turkey
814:Russia
739:Europe
656:Israel
509:
506:中文（臺灣）
500:
497:中文（繁體）
491:
488:中文（简体）
482:
473:
464:
455:
446:
437:
428:
419:
410:
401:
392:
383:
374:
365:
183:Author
164:Source
1227:front
985:Chile
778:Italy
668:Japan
620:India
608:China
302:false
299:false
1163:User
1093:1987
997:Peru
644:Iraq
632:Iran
594:Asia
177:here
168:eBay
158:1986
154:Date
17:File
515:+/−
416:한국어
407:日本語
1197:hq
479:中文
339:.
210::
63:|
59:|
55:|
51:|
45:.
565:.
545:.
511:∙
502:∙
493:∙
484:∙
475:∙
466:∙
457:∙
448:∙
439:∙
430:∙
421:∙
412:∙
403:∙
394:∙
385:∙
376:∙
367:∙
198:)
194:(
116:.
82:)
67:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg){kind=link}