43:
278:
204:
373:
284:
289:
1110:
103:
1586:
157:
Inscription ARE 465/1906 in the upper southern cave of
Ovamalai Kallvettu at Mangulam in Madurai district, Tamil Nadu. It is the longest inscription at the site, and the earliest known Tamil-Brāhmī inscription, dated (on linguistic and paleographical grounds) around the 2nd century BCE. It records
330:– You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
47:
114:
82:
1827:
1531:
1514:
1372:
1336:
1300:
1166:
212:
182:
1442:
1850:
1663:
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.
337:
1478:
1220:
1498:
1462:
1426:
1356:
1284:
1256:
1241:
1228:
1213:
1100:
380:
1585:
1580:
1392:
1320:
1186:
1150:
73:
42:
1248:
372:
367:
299:
1666:
If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
1887:
336:– If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the
193:
1596:
296:
1923:
1617:
158:
the gift by the Pandya king Neṭuñceḻiyaṉ of a monastery to the senior Jain monk Nanta-siri Kuvaṉ.
1263:
122:
1985:
1675:
451:
1072:
1063:
1090:
1081:
1054:
892:
919:
541:
433:
415:
397:
235:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1009:
1000:
991:
982:
973:
964:
955:
946:
937:
928:
910:
901:
883:
874:
865:
856:
847:
838:
829:
820:
811:
802:
793:
784:
775:
766:
757:
748:
739:
730:
721:
712:
703:
694:
685:
676:
667:
658:
649:
640:
631:
622:
613:
604:
595:
586:
577:
568:
559:
550:
532:
523:
514:
505:
496:
487:
478:
469:
460:
442:
424:
406:
388:
1975:
1905:
1869:
1692:
255:
109:
271:
I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
1995:
1732:
203:
1933:
1685:
167:
1712:
2005:
1702:
1622:
194:
http://www.tamilvu.org/tdb/titles_cont/inscription/html/mankulam.htm
1640:
1553:
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
175:
168:
97:
1108:
1650:
191:
Description and inscription
Reference found in below link
1337:
Creative
Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
452:
1134:
Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents
1073:
1064:
172:: Central Institute of Classical Tamil, pp. 5–7
87:(6,016 × 4,000 pixels, file size: 7.68 MB, MIME type:
1091:
1082:
1055:
893:
147:
S-TN-36 Ovamalai
Kallvettu Hill Mangulam Madurai.jpg
141:
121:
Commons is a freely licensed media file repository.
920:
542:
434:
416:
398:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1001:
992:
983:
974:
965:
956:
947:
938:
929:
911:
902:
884:
875:
866:
857:
848:
839:
830:
821:
812:
803:
794:
785:
776:
767:
758:
749:
740:
731:
722:
713:
704:
695:
686:
677:
668:
659:
650:
641:
632:
623:
614:
605:
596:
587:
578:
569:
560:
551:
533:
524:
515:
506:
497:
488:
479:
470:
461:
443:
425:
407:
389:
198:
1264:https://commons.wikimedia.org/User:R.K.Lakshmi
347:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
102:
353:Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
277:
8:
313:– to copy, distribute and transmit the work
1668:
1555:
1130:
1099:
1633:The following other wikis use this file:
300:Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International
2061:
2053:
2045:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2003:
1993:
1983:
1973:
1965:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1931:
1921:
1913:
1903:
1895:
1885:
1877:
1867:
1859:
1848:
1840:
1832:
1822:
1814:
1806:
1798:
1790:
1782:
1764:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1729:
1721:
1710:
1700:
1690:
1680:
1615:
1529:
1512:
1496:
1476:
1460:
1440:
1424:
1406:
1390:
1370:
1354:
1334:
1318:
1298:
1282:
1200:
1184:
1164:
1148:
1145:
1126:
1119:
1670:
1613:The following 2 pages use this file:
7:
1603:User created page with UploadWizard
1544:
379:This image was uploaded as part of
288:
283:
213:
211:
176:
174:
1661:
1532:Wiki Loves Monuments 2016 in India
1139:
1133:
378:
274:
270:
209:
151:
134:
80:
1828:Adobe Photoshop CC 2014 (Windows)
1138:
162:Mahadevan, Iravatham (2020)
2058:6A30549AC68D5CAC7446ADA67D1D551E
1723:Date and time of data generation
1124:
371:
324:Under the following conditions:
295:This file is licensed under the
287:
282:
276:
202:
101:
31:
21:
2047:Date metadata was last modified
1121:
152:
14:
2055:Unique ID of original document
1120:
26:
1:
1962:A directly photographed image
1373:original creation by uploader
200:
36:
1214:object of statement has role
1146:Items portrayed in this file
208:
1861:Date and time of digitizing
1167:Ovamalai Kalvettu, Mangulam
2083:
1946:One-chip color area sensor
1647:Usage on tr.wikipedia.org
1637:Usage on sq.wikipedia.org
338:same or compatible license
236:13 February 2015, 05:18:25
1834:File change date and time
1545:
1515:Wiki Loves Monuments 2016
381:Wiki Loves Monuments 2016
245:
164:Tamil-Brāhmī Inscriptions
16:
2050:03:11, 22 September 2016
1837:21:41, 21 September 2016
1581:16:25, 21 September 2016
1123:
453:беларуская (тарашкевіца)
304:
108:This is a file from the
2031:Serial number of camera
1864:05:18, 13 February 2015
1726:05:18, 13 February 2015
1602:
251:
241:
234:
231:
144:
112:. Information from its
2015:Subject distance range
1113:
115:description page there
46:Size of this preview:
1897:Maximum land aperture
1808:Horizontal resolution
1112:
1954:Digital still camera
1800:Number of components
1463:location of creation
74:6,016 × 4,000 pixels
70:2,560 × 1,702 pixels
1816:Vertical resolution
1672:Camera manufacturer
1618:Dravidian languages
1029:oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча
894:português do Brasil
319:– to adapt the work
210:This is a photo of
52:Other resolutions:
2042:11.0-16.0 mm f/2.8
1980:Auto white balance
1928:Flash did not fire
1766:Bits per component
1242:Wikimedia username
1229:author name string
1114:
66:1,280 × 851 pixels
62:1,024 × 681 pixels
2070:
2069:
1784:Pixel composition
1697:1/125 sec (0.008)
1676:NIKON CORPORATION
1641:Gjuhët dravidiane
1629:Global file usage
1606:
1321:copyright license
1132:
1118:
1117:
1103:
261:
260:
226:
225:
186:
183:978-86-98179-53-5
130:
129:
110:Wikimedia Commons
32:Global file usage
2074:
1842:Exposure Program
1669:
1593:
1479:Madurai district
1408:13 February 2015
1285:copyright status
1266:
1261:
1251:
1246:
1236:
1233:
1223:
1218:
1111:
1104:
705:Bahasa Indonesia
375:
368:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
340:as the original.
297:Creative Commons
291:
290:
286:
285:
280:
279:
247:
237:
217:
215:
206:
199:
187:
180:
178:
173:
170:
156:
148:
142:
126:
105:
104:
98:
92:
90:
77:
58:640 × 426 pixels
54:320 × 213 pixels
48:800 × 532 pixels
2082:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2023:GPS tag version
2000:High saturation
1970:Manual exposure
1900:3 APEX (f/2.83)
1882:6.6438561907444
1874:6.9657842861166
1657:
1627:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1109:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1066:
1057:
1048:
1039:
1030:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
985:
976:
967:
966:српски / srpski
958:
949:
940:
931:
930:davvisámegiella
922:
913:
904:
895:
886:
877:
868:
859:
850:
841:
832:
823:
814:
805:
796:
787:
778:
769:
760:
751:
742:
733:
724:
715:
706:
697:
688:
679:
670:
661:
652:
643:
634:
625:
616:
607:
598:
589:
580:
571:
562:
553:
544:
535:
526:
517:
508:
499:
490:
481:
472:
463:
454:
445:
436:
427:
418:
409:
400:
391:
387:
384:
363:
362:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
345:
303:
292:
273:
272:
267:
262:
227:
219:
196:
161:
146:
139:
132:
131:
120:
119:
118:is shown below.
94:
88:
86:
79:
78:
51:
12:
11:
5:
2080:
2078:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1943:Sensing method
1940:
1939:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1651:Dravid dilleri
1645:
1644:
1643:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1590:6,016 × 4,000
1588:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1551:
1550:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1499:participant in
1497:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1482:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1357:source of file
1355:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1255:
1254:
1240:
1239:
1227:
1226:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1106:
768:Lëtzebuergesch
376:
344:
343:
342:
341:
331:
322:
321:
320:
314:
307:You are free:
294:
293:
275:
269:
268:
266:
263:
259:
258:
253:
249:
248:
243:
239:
238:
233:
229:
228:
224:
223:
207:
197:
189:
188:
149:
140:
138:
135:
133:
128:
127:
106:
96:
95:
45:
41:
40:
39:
34:
29:
24:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2079:
2065:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2009:
2007:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1979:
1977:
1976:White balance
1974:
1969:
1967:Exposure mode
1966:
1961:
1958:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1907:
1906:Metering mode
1904:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1888:Exposure bias
1886:
1881:
1879:APEX aperture
1878:
1873:
1871:
1870:Shutter speed
1868:
1863:
1860:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1824:Software used
1823:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1799:
1794:
1791:
1786:
1783:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1742:User comments
1741:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1693:Exposure time
1691:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1608:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1548:
1533:
1516:
1500:
1480:
1464:
1444:
1428:
1427:captured with
1394:
1374:
1358:
1338:
1322:
1302:
1286:
1265:
1258:
1250:
1243:
1230:
1222:
1215:
1188:
1168:
1152:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
990:
986:
981:
977:
972:
968:
963:
959:
954:
950:
945:
941:
936:
932:
927:
923:
918:
914:
909:
905:
900:
896:
891:
887:
882:
878:
873:
869:
864:
860:
858:norsk nynorsk
855:
851:
846:
842:
837:
833:
828:
824:
819:
815:
813:Bahasa Melayu
810:
806:
801:
797:
792:
788:
783:
779:
774:
770:
765:
761:
756:
752:
747:
743:
738:
734:
729:
725:
720:
716:
711:
707:
702:
698:
693:
689:
684:
680:
675:
671:
666:
662:
657:
653:
648:
644:
639:
635:
630:
626:
621:
617:
612:
608:
603:
599:
594:
590:
585:
581:
576:
572:
567:
563:
558:
554:
549:
545:
540:
536:
531:
527:
522:
518:
513:
509:
504:
500:
495:
491:
486:
482:
477:
473:
468:
464:
459:
455:
450:
446:
441:
437:
435:Bikol Central
432:
428:
423:
419:
414:
410:
405:
401:
396:
392:
385:
382:
377:
374:
370:
369:
366:
365:
350:CC BY-SA 4.0
339:
335:
332:
329:
326:
325:
323:
318:
315:
312:
309:
308:
306:
305:
301:
298:
281:
264:
257:
254:
250:
244:
240:
230:
222:
216:
205:
201:
195:
192:
184:
179:
171:
165:
160:
159:
155:
150:
143:
136:
124:
117:
116:
111:
107:
100:
99:
93:
84:
83:Original file
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
49:
44:
38:
35:
33:
30:
28:
25:
23:
20:
18:
15:
1915:Light source
1733:focal length
1682:Camera model
1665:
1662:
1632:
1612:
1552:
1549:File history
1221:photographer
1096:
1087:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1033:
1024:
1015:
1006:
997:
988:
979:
970:
961:
952:
943:
934:
925:
916:
907:
898:
889:
880:
871:
862:
853:
844:
835:
831:norsk bokmål
826:
817:
808:
799:
790:
781:
772:
763:
754:
745:
736:
727:
718:
709:
700:
691:
682:
673:
664:
655:
646:
637:
628:
619:
610:
601:
592:
583:
574:
565:
556:
547:
538:
529:
520:
511:
502:
493:
484:
475:
466:
457:
448:
439:
430:
426:azərbaycanca
421:
412:
403:
394:
386:
364:
333:
327:
316:
310:
220:
214:ASI monument
190:
163:
153:
123:You can help
113:
81:
22:File history
2063:IIM version
1951:File source
1934:Color space
1792:Orientation
1745:KALAInKOVIL
1686:NIKON D5200
1598:R.K.Lakshmi
1443:Nikon D5200
1301:copyrighted
1249:R.K.Lakshmi
1235:R.K.Lakshmi
948:slovenščina
399:Alemannisch
334:share alike
328:attribution
256:R.K.Lakshmi
166:(2nd ed.),
145:Description
1996:Saturation
1959:Scene type
1609:File usage
1566:Dimensions
1202:some value
1011:українська
939:slovenčina
849:Nederlands
795:македонски
444:беларуская
89:image/jpeg
27:File usage
2039:Lens used
2006:Sharpness
1713:ISO speed
1592:(7.68 MB)
1563:Thumbnail
1560:Date/Time
1393:inception
921:sicilianu
885:português
570:Esperanto
480:brezhoneg
462:български
390:Afrikaans
265:Licensing
154:English:
1986:Contrast
1761:4,000 px
1753:6,016 px
1703:F-number
1659:Metadata
1623:Mangulam
1127:Captions
1056:中文(中国大陆)
786:Malagasy
777:latviešu
759:кыргызча
723:italiano
678:hrvatski
624:français
552:Ελληνικά
489:bosanski
417:جازايرية
317:to remix
311:to share
302:license.
246:Own work
221:S-TN-36.
37:Metadata
2034:6110164
2026:0.0.3.2
2018:Unknown
1918:Unknown
1910:Pattern
1853:version
1819:300 dpi
1811:300 dpi
1577:current
1572:Comment
1187:creator
1151:depicts
1131:English
993:Tagalog
975:svenska
912:русский
741:ქართული
696:հայերեն
642:Gaeilge
597:euskara
579:español
561:English
534:Deutsch
516:Cymraeg
507:čeština
408:العربية
169:Chennai
137:Summary
85:
1990:Normal
1845:Manual
1795:Normal
1758:Height
1715:rating
1095:
1092:中文(臺灣)
1086:
1083:中文(香港)
1077:
1074:中文(繁體)
1068:
1065:中文(简体)
1059:
1050:
1041:
1038:Yorùbá
1032:
1023:
1014:
1005:
1002:Türkçe
996:
987:
978:
969:
960:
951:
942:
933:
924:
915:
906:
903:română
897:
888:
879:
876:polski
870:
861:
852:
843:
840:नेपाली
834:
825:
816:
807:
804:മലയാളം
798:
789:
780:
771:
762:
753:
744:
735:
726:
717:
708:
699:
690:
687:magyar
681:
672:
669:हिन्दी
663:
654:
651:galego
645:
636:
627:
618:
609:
600:
591:
582:
573:
564:
555:
546:
543:Zazaki
537:
528:
519:
510:
501:
498:català
492:
483:
474:
465:
456:
447:
438:
429:
420:
411:
402:
393:
252:Author
242:Source
218:number
1924:Flash
1750:Width
1737:16 mm
1731:Lens
957:shqip
867:norsk
822:Malti
660:עברית
633:Frysk
615:suomi
606:فارسی
588:eesti
525:dansk
471:বাংলা
2010:Hard
1938:sRGB
1851:Exif
1707:f/10
1569:User
1020:اردو
359:true
356:true
232:Date
177:ISBN
17:File
1856:2.2
1787:RGB
1718:400
1257:URL
1101:+/−
984:ไทย
750:한국어
732:日本語
714:Ido
181::
1260::
1245::
1232::
1217::
1047:中文
383:.
185:.
72:|
68:|
64:|
60:|
56:|
50:.
2066:4
1892:0
1803:3
1777:8
1774:8
1771:8
1097:∙
1088:∙
1079:∙
1070:∙
1061:∙
1052:∙
1043:∙
1034:∙
1025:∙
1016:∙
1007:∙
998:∙
989:∙
980:∙
971:∙
962:∙
953:∙
944:∙
935:∙
926:∙
917:∙
908:∙
899:∙
890:∙
881:∙
872:∙
863:∙
854:∙
845:∙
836:∙
827:∙
818:∙
809:∙
800:∙
791:∙
782:∙
773:∙
764:∙
755:∙
746:∙
737:∙
728:∙
719:∙
710:∙
701:∙
692:∙
683:∙
674:∙
665:∙
656:∙
647:∙
638:∙
629:∙
620:∙
611:∙
602:∙
593:∙
584:∙
575:∙
566:∙
557:∙
548:∙
539:∙
530:∙
521:∙
512:∙
503:∙
494:∙
485:∙
476:∙
467:∙
458:∙
449:∙
440:∙
431:∙
422:∙
413:∙
404:∙
395:∙
125:.
91:)
76:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.