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Phases of a cardiac action potential. The sharp rise in voltage ("0") corresponds to the influx of sodium ions, whereas the two decays ("1" and "3", respectively) correspond to the sodium-channel inactivation and the repolarizing efflux of potassium ions. The characteristic plateau ("2") results from
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voltage-gated calcium channels open allowing influx of calcium ions triggering calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum which results in myocyte contraction
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inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels; voltage-gated potassium channels begin to open allowing minor efflux of potassium ions
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voltage-gated slow potassium channels open allowing major efflux of potassium ions; voltage-gated calcium channels close
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voltage-gated sodium channels open allowing influx of sodium ions
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Basic ventricular myocyte action potential (with labels).
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potassium channels allow for potassium permeability
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