38:
2339:
1890:
1912:
530:
looks at the content). It is easy to fool the program by putting a magic number into a file the content of which does not match it. Thus the command is not usable as a security tool other than in specific situations.
258:
brought a major update with several important changes, most notably moving the file type information into an external text file rather than compiling it into the binary itself.
285:
in 1989 and since then has had input from many others, including Guy Harris, Chris Lowth and Eric
Fischer; from late 1993 onward its maintenance has been organized by
891:
430:, specify a file specially formatted containing position-sensitive tests; default position-sensitive tests and context-sensitive tests will not be performed.
179:
1950:
838:
1278:
923:
293:
system has its own subset implementation written from scratch, but still uses the Darwin/Zoulas collection of magic file formatted information.
483:, do not classify the file further than to identify it as either: nonexistent, a block special file, a character special file, a directory, a
281:
from scratch; it keeps file type information in a text file with a format based on that of the System V version. It was expanded by
381:'s position-sensitive tests are normally implemented by matching various locations within the file against a textual database of
487:, a socket, a symbolic link, or a regular file. Linux and BSD systems behave differently with this option and instead output an
2369:
2364:
1903:
1898:
1081:
1050:
2379:
561:
861:
1943:
453:, perform default position-sensitive and context-sensitive tests to the given file; this is the default behaviour unless
753:
91:
1271:
878:
633:
to read device files and try to identify their contents rather than merely identifying them as device files. Normally
2273:
582:
382:
2309:
2229:
1875:
1845:
1114:
313:
56:
2374:
2343:
1936:
1860:
810:
546:
114:
400:
command uses a database to drive the probing of the lead bytes. That database is implemented in a file called
1928:
251:
75:
1962:
1916:
1621:
1290:
1264:
1256:
1959:
1209:
567:
134:
915:
1108:
2260:
1791:
1739:
286:
274:
834:
806:
488:
396:
In the System V implementation, the Ian Darwin implementation, and the OpenBSD implementation, the
216:
157:
1464:
1454:
343:
335:
145:
668:
the program does not stop after the first hit found, but looks for other matching patterns. The
316:(SUS) specifies that a series of tests are performed on the file specified on the command line:
278:
637:
does not try to read device files since reading such a file can have undesirable side effects.
654:
231:
2128:
1691:
1596:
1591:
749:
697:
689:
220:
170:
121:
24:
629:
Note that -s is a non-standard option available only on the Ian Darwin branch, which tells
37:
2324:
2216:
2050:
1870:
1814:
1719:
1520:
1423:
865:
2319:
2278:
2201:
2158:
2133:
2066:
1809:
1744:
1729:
1666:
1626:
1505:
1469:
1118:
586:
386:
321:
150:
2358:
2314:
2193:
2045:
1966:
1850:
1711:
1646:
1418:
1393:
1294:
775:
733:
717:
507:
operating systems may add extra options than these. Ian Darwin's implementation adds
468:
282:
270:
235:
1253:, an alternative providing ranked answers (instead of just one) based on statistics.
1073:
1042:
2288:
2153:
2040:
1824:
1724:
1641:
1636:
1540:
1449:
1413:
1368:
1232:
676:
character to be displayed in its raw form rather than in its octal representation.
590:
760:): Mach-O executable ppc /bin/cat (for architecture i386): Mach-O executable i386
858:
The early history of this program is recorded in its private CVS repository; see
2206:
2163:
2148:
2138:
1760:
1734:
1671:
1661:
1651:
1616:
1606:
1601:
1484:
1474:
1428:
859:
721:
696:, original filename, `compressed', last modified: Thu Jan 26 14:08:23 2006,
605:
601:
574:
549:
347:
328:
program will indicate that the file was processed but its type was undetermined.
184:
175:
19:"File (software)" redirects here. For the file management program bundled with
2092:
1990:
1576:
1535:
1338:
1308:
1212:
Programmer's Manual, Volume 1 – a non-Ian Darwin, non-SUS implementation
713:
624:
570:
484:
339:
51:
477:, dereference the symbolic link that points to an existing file or directory.
2283:
2268:
2183:
2168:
2071:
2035:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1865:
1819:
1799:
1696:
1676:
1631:
1479:
1403:
1388:
1373:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
658:
504:
228:
162:
130:
1113:: determine file type – Shell and Utilities Reference,
2224:
2113:
1781:
1561:
1247:, a firmware analysis tool that carves files based on libmagic signatures
1195:
1177:
1160:
1142:
1029:
1005:
982:
958:
385:(see the Usage section). This differs from other simpler methods such as
255:
1244:
2234:
1586:
1510:
1191:
757:
693:
673:
290:
1203:
2087:
1571:
1313:
1250:
1156:
1025:
978:
746:
564:
20:
1150:
1019:
672:
option, which is available in some versions, causes the unprintable
443:, but default tests will be performed after the tests contained in
2173:
2025:
1985:
1980:
1804:
1701:
1681:
1611:
1530:
1433:
1408:
1383:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1237:
1173:
1138:
1001:
954:
650:
301:
266:
138:
1185:
2293:
2250:
2178:
2123:
2118:
2015:
1855:
1829:
1765:
1686:
1581:
1566:
1525:
1515:
1459:
1287:
1167:
995:
972:
794:
As of version 4.00 of the Ian Darwin/Christos Zoulas version of
686:
621:
618:
578:
500:
492:
390:
224:
126:
1932:
1260:
97:
2143:
2108:
2030:
1656:
1556:
1500:
1398:
1222:
886:
778:
is not available on all platforms and will be dereferenced if
262:
195:
1132:
948:
2020:
1378:
2302:
2259:
2243:
2215:
2192:
2101:
2080:
2059:
1973:
1838:
1790:
1774:
1753:
1710:
1549:
1493:
1442:
1301:
739:
726:
703:
679:
640:
611:
595:
554:
539:
297:
190:
169:
156:
144:
120:
110:
90:
62:
50:
43:
277:reimplementation which was written in 1986–87 by
234:for recognizing the type of data contained in a
657:: Debian binary package (format 2.0) - current
916:"The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7 —
495:type") identifying the recognized file format.
1944:
1272:
1225:– homepage for Ian Darwin's version of
879:"IBM System i Version 7.2 Programming Qshell"
8:
471:that point to an existing file or directory.
30:
1229:used in major BSD and Linux distributions.
519:'raw' (examples below), among many others.
1951:
1937:
1929:
1911:
1279:
1265:
1257:
356:an initial part of file is considered and
36:
29:
664:Through Ian Darwin's non-standard option
420:The SUS mandates the following options:
353:zero-length files are identified as such
1198:– a non-Ian Darwin implementation
942:
940:
835:"Source of the UNIX V4 "file" man page"
826:
1084:from the original on December 28, 2016
1041:Zoulas, Christos (February 27, 2003).
644:file-k-rlibmagic-dev_5.35-4_armhf.deb
522:The command tells only what the file
7:
526:, not what it is (in the case where
334:must be able to determine the types
300:command has also been ported to the
1072:Zoulas, Christos (March 24, 2003).
817:is implemented using that library.
320:if the file cannot be read, or its
1053:from the original on March 4, 2016
363:the entire file is considered and
360:is to use position-sensitive tests
14:
769:/usr/bin/vi: symbolic link to vim
367:is to use context-sensitive tests
2338:
2337:
1910:
1889:
1888:
926:from the original on 2018-10-12
897:from the original on 2021-03-05
841:from the original on 2019-12-10
404:, whose location is usually in
1:
1115:The Single UNIX Specification
1074:"file-4.00 is now available"
1043:"file-3.41 is now available"
813:(and C-compatible) linking;
370:the file is identified as a
350:, and character special file
86:open-source reimplementation
868:the log of the main program
756:/bin/cat (for architecture
2396:
57:AT&T Bell Laboratories
18:
2333:
1884:
314:Single UNIX Specification
35:
762:
246:The original version of
809:that is accessible via
802:is incorporated into a
798:, the functionality of
412:or a similar location.
252:Unix Research Version 4
76:Unix Research Version 4
2370:Unix SUS2008 utilities
2365:Standard Unix programs
1963:command-line interface
1904:Unix SUS2008 utilities
1899:Standard Unix programs
1291:command-line interface
1223:Fine Free File Command
2380:IBM i Qshell commands
736:"rawbits" image data
467:, do not dereference
410:/usr/share/file/magic
324:is undetermined, the
16:Standard Unix program
2261:Software development
1792:Software development
649:libmagic-dev_5.35-4_
269:distributions use a
1180:– Library Functions
1008:– Library Functions
707:file-icompressed.gz
489:Internet media type
32:
1159:Library Functions
1028:Library Functions
864:2017-04-01 at the
714:application/x-gzip
583:dynamically linked
304:operating system.
2352:
2351:
1926:
1925:
1194:General Commands
1117:, Version 4 from
981:General Commands
683:filecompressed.gz
617:/dev/hda1: Linux/
511:'special files',
389:and schemes like
232:operating systems
208:
207:
42:Example usage of
2387:
2341:
2340:
2081:User environment
1953:
1946:
1939:
1930:
1914:
1913:
1892:
1891:
1494:User environment
1281:
1274:
1267:
1258:
1228:
1207:
1206:
1189:
1188:
1171:
1170:
1154:
1153:
1136:
1135:
1112:
1111:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1080:(Mailing list).
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1049:(Mailing list).
1038:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1009:
999:
998:
991:
985:
976:
975:
968:
962:
952:
951:
944:
935:
934:
932:
931:
912:
906:
905:
903:
902:
896:
883:
875:
869:
856:
850:
849:
847:
846:
831:
816:
805:
801:
797:
790:Libmagic library
770:
767:file/usr/bin/vi
766:
750:universal binary
744:
742:
731:
729:
711:
710:
706:
684:
682:
648:
647:
643:
636:
632:
616:
614:
600:
598:
559:
557:
544:
542:
515:'keep-going' or
446:
411:
407:
403:
399:
380:
373:
366:
359:
333:
327:
299:
249:
214:
204:
201:
199:
197:
122:Operating system
106:
103:
101:
99:
85:
83:
73:
71:
45:
40:
33:
25:Files (software)
2395:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2375:Plan 9 commands
2355:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2329:
2298:
2255:
2239:
2211:
2188:
2102:Text processing
2097:
2076:
2055:
1969:
1957:
1927:
1922:
1880:
1834:
1786:
1770:
1749:
1706:
1550:Text processing
1545:
1489:
1438:
1297:
1285:
1226:
1219:
1202:
1201:
1184:
1183:
1166:
1165:
1149:
1148:
1145:– User Commands
1131:
1130:
1127:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1087:
1085:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1012:
994:
993:
992:
988:
971:
970:
969:
965:
961:– User Commands
947:
946:
945:
938:
929:
927:
914:
913:
909:
900:
898:
894:
881:
877:
876:
872:
866:Wayback Machine
857:
853:
844:
842:
833:
832:
828:
823:
814:
803:
799:
795:
792:
785:
784:POSIXLY_CORRECT
781:
772:
771:
768:
764:
761:
740:
737:
727:
724:
712:compressed.gz:
708:
704:
701:
685:compressed.gz:
680:
671:
667:
662:
661:archive - data
645:
641:
634:
630:
627:
615:file-s/dev/hda1
612:
609:
596:
593:
555:
552:
540:
537:
518:
514:
510:
482:
476:
466:
460:
456:
452:
444:
442:
438:
429:
418:
409:
405:
401:
397:
387:file extensions
378:
371:
364:
357:
331:
325:
310:
287:Christos Zoulas
247:
244:
212:
194:
182:
96:
81:
79:
69:
67:
63:Initial release
46:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2393:
2391:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2357:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2265:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2198:
2196:
2194:Shell builtins
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1967:shell builtins
1958:
1956:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1876:true and false
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1716:
1714:
1712:Shell builtins
1708:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:shell builtins
1286:
1284:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1199:
1181:
1163:
1146:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1119:The Open Group
1102:
1101:External links
1099:
1096:
1095:
1064:
1033:
1010:
986:
963:
936:
907:
870:
851:
825:
824:
822:
819:
791:
788:
783:
779:
776:symbolic links
763:
738:
725:
702:
678:
669:
665:
639:
610:
594:
553:
538:
536:
533:
516:
512:
508:
497:
496:
480:
478:
474:
472:
469:symbolic links
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
448:
440:
433:
431:
424:
417:
414:
376:
375:
368:
361:
354:
351:
329:
322:Unix file type
309:
306:
250:originated in
243:
240:
219:is a standard
206:
205:
192:
188:
187:
173:
167:
166:
160:
154:
153:
151:Cross-platform
148:
142:
141:
124:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
94:
88:
87:
64:
60:
59:
54:
48:
47:
41:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2392:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2345:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:Miscellaneous
2301:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1965:programs and
1964:
1961:
1954:
1949:
1947:
1942:
1940:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1919:
1918:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1839:Miscellaneous
1837:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1775:Documentation
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1293:programs and
1292:
1289:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1270:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1208: –
1205:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190: –
1187:
1182:
1179:
1176:Programmer's
1175:
1172: –
1169:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1155: –
1152:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1137: –
1134:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1065:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024: –
1021:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1004:Programmer's
1003:
1000: –
997:
990:
987:
984:
980:
977: –
974:
967:
964:
960:
956:
953: –
950:
943:
941:
937:
925:
921:
919:
911:
908:
893:
889:
888:
880:
874:
871:
867:
863:
860:
855:
852:
840:
836:
830:
827:
820:
818:
812:
808:
789:
787:
782:is passed or
777:
759:
755:
754:architectures
751:
748:
735:
723:
719:
715:
699:
695:
691:
688:
677:
675:
660:
656:
652:
638:
626:
623:
620:
607:
606:block special
604:1 /dev/hda1:
603:
592:
588:
584:
580:
577:, version 1 (
576:
572:
569:
566:
563:
551:
548:
534:
532:
529:
525:
520:
506:
502:
494:
490:
486:
479:
473:
470:
463:
461:is specified.
449:
437:
432:
428:
423:
422:
421:
415:
413:
394:
392:
388:
384:
383:magic numbers
369:
362:
355:
352:
349:
345:
341:
337:
330:
323:
319:
318:
317:
315:
308:Specification
307:
305:
303:
294:
292:
288:
284:
283:Geoff Collyer
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
259:
257:
253:
241:
239:
237:
236:computer file
233:
230:
226:
222:
218:
215:
203:
193:
189:
186:
181:
177:
174:
172:
168:
164:
161:
159:
155:
152:
149:
147:
143:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:
123:
119:
116:
113:
109:
105:
95:
93:
89:
77:
65:
61:
58:
55:
53:
49:
39:
34:
26:
22:
2010:
1915:
1893:
1363:
1233:mailing list
1125:Manual pages
1086:. Retrieved
1077:
1067:
1055:. Retrieved
1046:
1036:
1013:
989:
966:
928:. Retrieved
917:
910:
899:. Retrieved
885:
873:
854:
843:. Retrieved
829:
793:
774:Identifying
773:
743:file/bin/cat
730:filedata.ppm
709:# (on Linux)
663:
646:# (on Linux)
628:
550:program text
527:
523:
521:
498:
435:
426:
419:
395:
377:
348:special file
311:
295:
260:
245:
211:
209:
52:Developer(s)
2225:ip/ipconfig
1974:File system
1302:File system
1168:libmagic(3)
1151:libmagic(3)
1020:libmagic(3)
996:libmagic(3)
587:shared libs
575:Intel 80386
558:fileprogram
275:open-source
261:Most major
185:MIT License
176:BSD license
74:as part of
2359:Categories
2217:Networking
1894:Categories
1088:January 1,
1057:January 1,
930:2014-08-20
901:2020-09-05
845:2022-03-13
821:References
745:/bin/cat:
734:Netpbm PPM
732:data.ppm:
690:compressed
625:filesystem
571:executable
543:filefile.c
524:looks like
406:/etc/magic
279:Ian Darwin
111:Written in
92:Repository
2244:Searching
2060:Processes
1754:Searching
1443:Processes
560:program:
505:Unix-like
439:, as for
336:directory
254:in 1973.
229:Unix-like
196:darwinsys
163:File type
131:Unix-like
2344:Category
2114:basename
1562:basename
1238:releases
1082:Archived
1051:Archived
924:Archived
920:command"
892:Archived
862:Archived
839:Archived
804:libmagic
786:is set.
694:deflated
674:new line
602:/dev/hda
591:stripped
545:file.c:
535:Examples
346:, block
256:System V
183:Plan 9:
165:detector
146:Platform
2320:fortune
2235:netstat
2230:ip/ping
2159:strings
1667:strings
1587:dirname
1511:logname
1460:crontab
1245:binwalk
1204:file(1)
1192:OpenBSD
1186:file(1)
1133:file(1)
973:file(1)
949:file(1)
807:library
758:ppc7400
752:with 2
718:charset
700:: Unix
291:OpenBSD
242:History
221:program
217:command
191:Website
171:License
80: (
68: (
2342:
2088:passwd
1960:Plan 9
1647:printf
1572:csplit
1314:chattr
1210:Plan 9
1196:Manual
1178:Manual
1161:Manual
1157:NetBSD
1143:Manual
1030:Manual
1026:NetBSD
1006:Manual
983:Manual
979:NetBSD
959:Manual
747:Mach-O
722:binary
692:data,
608:(0/0)
585:(uses
565:32-bit
499:Other
344:socket
289:. The
135:Plan 9
98:github
78:; 1986
23:, see
21:iOS 11
2325:sleep
2289:strip
2174:troff
2154:spell
2051:touch
2041:split
2026:mkdir
1986:chgrp
1981:chmod
1871:sleep
1825:strip
1805:ctags
1740:unset
1720:alias
1702:xargs
1682:troff
1642:patch
1637:paste
1612:iconv
1541:write
1531:uname
1434:umask
1424:touch
1414:split
1409:rmdir
1384:mkdir
1369:fuser
1334:cksum
1329:chgrp
1324:chown
1319:chmod
1217:Other
1174:Linux
1141:User
1139:Linux
1002:Linux
957:User
955:Linux
895:(PDF)
882:(PDF)
651:armhf
416:Usage
402:magic
302:IBM i
267:Linux
200:/file
139:IBM i
104:/file
102:/file
2294:yacc
2251:grep
2207:test
2202:echo
2179:uniq
2164:tail
2149:sort
2139:join
2124:diff
2119:comm
2067:kill
2016:gzip
2011:file
1917:List
1856:expr
1830:yacc
1815:make
1766:grep
1761:find
1745:wait
1735:test
1730:echo
1687:uniq
1672:tail
1662:sort
1652:read
1627:more
1617:join
1607:head
1602:fold
1582:diff
1567:comm
1526:tput
1521:talk
1516:mesg
1506:exit
1485:time
1475:nice
1470:kill
1429:type
1364:file
1288:Unix
1251:TrID
1227:file
1109:file
1090:2013
1078:File
1059:2013
1047:File
918:file
815:file
800:file
796:file
687:gzip
635:file
631:file
622:ext2
619:i386
599:file
579:SYSV
528:file
503:and
501:Unix
493:MIME
485:FIFO
445:file
436:file
427:file
398:file
391:MIME
379:file
374:file
372:data
365:file
358:file
340:FIFO
332:file
326:file
312:The
298:file
296:The
271:free
265:and
248:file
227:and
225:Unix
213:file
210:The
198:.com
180:CDDL
158:Type
127:Unix
100:.com
82:1986
70:1973
66:1973
44:file
31:file
2315:cal
2279:lex
2274:hoc
2144:sed
2134:eqn
2109:awk
2093:who
2046:tee
2031:pwd
1991:cmp
1851:cal
1810:lex
1782:man
1657:sed
1577:cut
1557:awk
1536:who
1501:env
1419:tee
1399:pwd
1394:pax
1339:cmp
1309:cat
887:IBM
765:$
741:$
728:$
705:$
681:$
655:deb
642:$
613:$
597:$
589:),
581:),
568:LSB
562:ELF
556:$
541:$
457:or
434:-m
425:-M
263:BSD
223:of
2361::
2310:bc
2284:nm
2269:ar
2184:wc
2169:tr
2129:ed
2072:ps
2036:rm
2021:ls
2006:du
2001:dd
1996:cp
1866:od
1861:lp
1846:bc
1820:nm
1800:ar
1725:cd
1697:wc
1692:vi
1677:tr
1632:nl
1622:m4
1597:ex
1592:ed
1480:ps
1465:fg
1455:bg
1450:at
1404:rm
1389:mv
1379:ls
1374:ln
1359:df
1354:du
1349:dd
1344:cp
1076:.
1045:.
939:^
922:.
890:.
884:.
837:.
780:-L
716:;
698:os
670:-r
666:-k
659:ar
573:,
517:-r
513:-k
509:-s
491:("
481:-i
475:-L
465:-h
459:-m
455:-M
451:-d
441:-M
408:,
393:.
342:,
338:,
273:,
238:.
178:,
137:,
133:,
129:,
1952:e
1945:t
1938:v
1280:e
1273:t
1266:v
1092:.
1061:.
933:.
904:.
848:.
811:C
720:=
653:.
547:C
447:.
202:/
115:C
84:)
72:)
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
