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1076:. The Finnish people believe that the free Russian people and its constitutive National Assembly don't want to prevent Finland's aspiration to enter the multitude of the free and independent nations. At the same time the People of Finland dare to hope that the other nations of the world recognizes, that with their full independence and freedom the People of Finland can do their best in fulfilment of those purposes that will win them an independent position amongst the people of the civilized world.
709:
1323:
1629:
1060:
as a state. The people of
Finland have by this step taken their fate in their own hands: a step both justified and demanded by present conditions. The people of Finland feel deeply that they cannot fulfil their national duty and their universal human obligations without a complete sovereignty. The century-old desire for freedom awaits fulfilment now; The People of Finland has to step forward as an independent nation among the other nations in the world.
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1413:
97:
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awaits fulfilment now; Finland's people step forward as a free nation among the other nations in the world. (...) The people of
Finland dare to confidently await how other nations in the world recognize that with their full independence and freedom, the people of Finland can do their best in fulfilment of those purposes that will win them a place amongst civilized peoples.
1611:
1431:
1064:
a proposition that is based on the principle that
Finland is to be a sovereign republic. Considering that, the main features of the new polity has to be carried into effect immediately, the Government has at the same time delivered a bill of acts in this matter, which mean to satisfy the most urgent renewal needs before the establishment of the new Constitution.
943:
888:'s bloodless coup. This paragraph provided for the election of a new monarch in case of the extinction of the royal line and was interpreted in Finland as vesting sovereignty in the estates, later the Parliament, in such an interregnum. The regency council was never elected, because of the strong opposition of Finnish socialists and their
1068:
country's complete isolation, famine and unemployment compels the
Government to establish actual relations to the foreign powers, which prompt assistance in satisfying the necessities of life and in importing the essential goods for the industry, are our only rescue from the imminent famine and industrial stagnation.
1071:
The
Russian people have, after subverting the Tsarist Regime, in a number of occasions expressed their intention to favour the Finnish people the right to determine their own fate, which is based on their centuries-old cultural development. And widely over all the horrors of the war is heard a voice,
1059:
The
Finnish Parliament has on 15th day of the last November, in support of Section 38 of the Constitution, declared to be the Supreme holder of the State Authority as well as set up a Government to the country, that has taken to its primary task the realization and safeguarding Finland's independence
1063:
Achieving this goal requires mainly some measures by the
Parliament. Finland's current form of government, which is currently incompatible with the conditions, requires a complete renewal and therefore has the Government now submitted a proposition for a new Constitution to the Parliament's council,
1067:
The same goal also calls for measures from the part of the
Government. The Government will approach foreign powers to seek an international recognition of our country's independence as a state. At the present moment this is particularly all the more necessary, when the grave situation caused by the
861:), whereby the Parliament declared itself to now hold all powers of legislation, except with respect to foreign policy and military issues, and also that it could be dissolved only by itself. At the time of the vote, it was believed that the Provisional Government would be quickly defeated by the
1005:
The people of
Finland have by this step taken their fate in their own hands; a step both justified and demanded by present conditions. The people of Finland feel deeply that they cannot fulfil their national and international duty without complete sovereignty. The century-old desire for freedom
1084:
order by filling their patriotic duty, to strain all their strength for achieving the nation's common goal in this point of time, which has such an importance and decisiveness, that there have never before been in the life of the
Finnish people. In Helsinki, 4 December
1079:
At the same time as the Government has wanted to let all the Finnish citizens to know these words, the Government turns to the citizens, as well as the private and public authorities, calling everyone on their own behalf with rapt attention to follow the
977:
read the Declaration to the Parliament on 4 December. The Declaration of Independence was technically given the form of a preamble of the proposition, and was intended to be agreed by the Parliament, which adopted the Declaration on 6 December.
969:, the government that the Parliament had appointed in November, drafted a Declaration of Independence and a proposal for a new republican Instrument of Government. Chairman of the Senate (
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2047:"Hallituksen esitykseen, joka sisältää ehdotuksen laiksi erinäisten asiain siirtämisestä Suomen senaatin ja kenraalikuvernöörin ratkaistavaksi"
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recognising Finland's independence, and on 22 December (4 January 1918 N. S.) it was approved by the highest Soviet executive body, the
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On 18 December (31 December N. S.) shortly after the head of Finnish government Svinhufvud declared his nation's full independence the
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The old Instrument of Government was however no longer deemed suitable. Leading circles had long held monarchism and hereditary
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that one of the goals of the present war is to be, that no nation shall be forced against its will to be dependent on another
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2098:"Tiistaina 4. p. joulukuuta – Hallituksen puheenjohtajan lausunto Suomen valtiollisen itsenäisyyden toteuttamisesta".
1165:
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39:
33:
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Translation from the Finnish language by B. Holm, 25 July 2009. (Clarifications by the translator are in brackets.)
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led by Lenin approve Finland's full independence. It was the first foreign leader to approve the independence.
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865:. The Provisional Government survived, however, disapproved of the Power Act and dissolved the Parliament.
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These three countries were occupied by, and annexed into, the Soviet Union (1940–1941, 1944–1991). See
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The decision of the Soviet of the People's Comissars' to recognise Finnish independence, signed by
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became the first government outside of Finland to recognize Finnish independence. It issued a
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The resulting proposal, approved by the Provisional Government, was heavily rewritten in the
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between Russia and Finland lost its legal base – at least according to the view in
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1917 resolution by the Parliament of Finland asserting its full independence from Russia
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2129:"Primary Documents - Soviet Recognition of Finland's Independence, 18 December 1917"
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911:. On the same day the Finnish Parliament issued a declaration by which it assumed,
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After new elections and the ultimate defeat of the Provisional Government in the
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simultaneously delivered to the Parliament to make Finland a fully independent
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With reference to the declaration of 15 November, the declaration says:
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Declaring independence was only part of the long process leading to the
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Eastern front: Bolshevik Government recognises independence of Finland.
1850:
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to be antiquated, and advocated a republican constitution for Finland.
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in the head of table. Photo taken on 27 November 1917; a portrait of
1026:
declared their independence from Russia during the same period. See
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2217:
Maailmanympärimatka Helsingissä suurlähetystöt ja niiden historia
2102:(in Finnish). Valtioneuvoston kirjapaino. 1918. pp. 310–311.
702:
Image of the Declaration in Swedish with the senators' signatures
673:
Image of the Declaration in Finnish with the senators' signatures
2504:
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1670:
813:
2274:
2265:
18:
759:, an autonomous state ruled by Russia, with reference to a
853:) and transformed into the so-called Power Act (Finnish:
2262:
Audio recording of Svinhufvud reading the speech in 1937
2115:
Itsenäistymisen vuodet 1917–1920. osa I: Irti Venäjästä
2117:(in Finnish). Helsinki: Valtionarkisto. p. 227.
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2075:(in Finnish). Tampere University. Archived from
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991:All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK)
788:Timeline of Independence of Finland (1917–1920)
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1049:Text of Finland's Declaration of Independence
631:
8:
2100:Toiset valtiopäivät 1917, Pöytäkirjat, osa I
1257:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
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895:On 2 November (15 November N.S.) 1917, the
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69:Learn how and when to remove this message
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892:which demanded for more radical action.
32:This article includes a list of general
2038:
85:
836:. There were negotiations between the
2250:Declaration of independence (Swedish)
2244:Declaration of independence (Finnish)
970:
7:
774:. The declaration is celebrated as
738:Finlands självständighetsförklaring
722:Finnish Declaration of Independence
2256:Instrument of Government (Swedish)
903:, including the right of complete
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3012:Dissolution of the Russian Empire
2196:. Finland abroad. 6 December 2020
2992:Separatism in the Russian Empire
2219:. Helsinki: Otava. p. 152.
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1036:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
997:The Declaration and 15 November
2401:History of independent Finland
2154:"On This Day - 4 January 1918"
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581:Politics of the European Union
404:National Coalition Party (KOK)
276:Regional Administrative Courts
1:
863:rebellion in Saint Petersburg
712:The Bolshevist government of
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2977:Political history of Finland
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2049:(in Finnish). 25 July 1917
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2027:Russification of Finland
961:still hangs on the wall.
447:Administrative divisions
429:Christian Democrats (KD)
2374:Finland in World War II
2364:Independence of Finland
2215:Janne Ridanpää (2020).
2017:Independence of Finland
938:Independence of Finland
824:, on 2 March (15 March
822:Grand Prince of Finland
772:independence of Finland
755:, ending its status as
53:more precise citations.
2113:Ohto Manninen (1992).
1959:Kingdom of Afghanistan
1234:
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1055:To The Finnish People.
1008:
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757:Grand Duchy of Finland
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1941:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
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975:Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
959:Alexander I of Russia
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740:) was adopted by the
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288:Chancellor of Justice
266:Administrative Courts
2997:December 1917 events
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1231:Alexander Schlichter
1032:Latvian Independence
917:, all powers of the
793:Revolution in Russia
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1473:Kingdom of Bulgaria
1090:The Finnish Senate:
805:February Revolution
484:Ekonomiska regioner
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419:Left Alliance (VAS)
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409:Centre Party (KESK)
88:Politics of Finland
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2194:"Suomi ulkomailla"
2012:History of Finland
1977:Kingdom of Albania
1887:Kingdom of Hungary
1797:Kingdom of Romania
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1999:20 February 1931
1927:25 October 1921
1783:31 December 1919
1765:26 December 1919
1747:19 December 1919
1729:27 October 1919
1477:21 February 1918
1459:21 February 1918
1441:21 February 1918
1329:Kingdom of Greece
1215:Grigory Petrovsky
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973:Prime minister)
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2854:The Kalevala
2853:
2828:Coat of arms
2813:Architecture
2748:Demographics
2672:Nordic model
2646:Central bank
2568:Human rights
2548:Constitution
2216:
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2198:. Retrieved
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2161:. Retrieved
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2081:. Retrieved
2077:the original
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2051:. Retrieved
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1909:3 June 1921
1837:17 May 1920
1621:23 May 1919
1513:11 May 1918
1380:
1211:Leon Trotsky
1116:E. N. Setälä
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192:Ministries (
181:Petteri Orpo
126:Human rights
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116:Constitution
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2641:Agriculture
2485:Urban areas
2389:Lapland War
2354:Grand Duchy
2349:Finnish War
2069:"Eduskunta"
1603:7 May 1919
1585:6 May 1919
1419:Netherlands
1383:Switzerland
914:pro tempore
876:of the old
857:, Swedish:
818:Nicholas II
750:independent
573:Ambassadors
480:Seutukunnat
474:Sub-regions
207:Legislative
51:introducing
2966:Categories
2848:Literature
2763:Healthcare
2600:Parliament
2563:Government
2379:Winter War
2332:Cudgel War
2322:Prehistory
2200:6 December
2053:8 February
2033:References
1923:Luxembourg
1138:Onni Talas
897:Bolsheviks
809:abdication
803:After the
786:See also:
565:in Finland
549:Minister:
357:European:
213:Parliament
188:Government
34:references
2872:Mythology
2768:Languages
2753:Education
2707:Transport
2610:President
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2553:Elections
2510:Jyväskylä
2463:Provinces
2416:Geography
2369:Civil War
2163:20 August
2138:20 August
2083:20 August
1815:Venezuela
1509:Argentina
1082:(law and)
1024:Lithuania
950:of 1917,
919:Sovereign
905:secession
859:Maktlagen
855:Valtalaki
846:Eduskunta
767:instead.
748:a fully
461:Maakunnat
302:elections
237:Judiciary
154:President
148:Executive
59:June 2021
2946:Category
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2517:Wildlife
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2306:articles
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2006:See also
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1779:Colombia
1743:Portugal
1491:Holy See
1074:(nation)
926:nobility
834:Helsinki
807:and the
765:republic
503:Kommuner
465:Landskap
136:Military
2923:Outline
2833:Cuisine
2800:Culture
2778:Swedish
2773:Finnish
2721:Society
2702:Tourism
2629:Economy
2495:Tampere
2468:Regions
2443:Islands
2438:Geology
2314:History
2302:Finland
1851:Ecuador
1707:Uruguay
1635:Belgium
1365:Denmark
1016:Estonia
1011:Context
882:Estates
782:History
746:Finland
734:Swedish
726:Finnish
455:Regions
300:Recent
218:Speaker
47:improve
2951:Portal
2823:Cinema
2808:Anthem
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2480:Rivers
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1293:Sweden
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1243:Date
1240:State
1022:, and
1020:Latvia
987:Decree
971:a.k.a.
884:after
753:nation
499:Kunnat
36:, but
2930:Index
2899:Sport
2894:Sauna
2867:Music
2862:Media
2758:Finns
2738:Crime
2500:Turku
2473:Ă…land
2448:Lakes
2264:from
1995:Chile
1653:Chile
1617:Japan
1437:Spain
1085:1917.
714:RSFSR
110:State
2838:Flag
2593:NATO
2505:Oulu
2221:ISBN
2202:2020
2165:2016
2140:2016
2085:2016
2055:2014
1671:Peru
1545:Siam
1229:and
1034:and
965:The
946:The
826:N.S.
814:Tsar
761:bill
720:The
370:2024
364:2019
359:2014
347:2023
342:2019
337:2015
323:2018
318:2012
313:2006
194:list
175:list
158:list
2818:Art
2578:Law
2266:YLE
874:§38
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