809:
Although
Finnish icebreaker captains voiced their concerns about the maneuverability and icebreaking capability of a vessel without bow propellers especially in heavy ice ridges and at crawling speeds, extensive model testing at Wärtsilä's new ice model test basin showed that the ice resistance could be reduced by replacing the bow propellers with a "clean" hull and adopting an air bubbling system to lubricate the hull. The patented
939:
32:
129:
57:
794:
861:
for the summer months and fitted her with oil recovery equipment at a cost of 2.2 million euro. The contract, signed on 17 November 2009, was valid for three years starting from 24 July 2010 and had an option of another three years. In April 2013, the option was utilized and the contract was extended
751:(DC) propulsion motors which were very heavy and bulky at such power levels. Although it would have been possible to use two smaller DC motors in tandem, recent advances in drive and control technology as well as excellent experiences from a prototype installation on board the Finnish research vessel
553:
beat the older but more powerful four-propelled icebreaker by a ship's length, showing that in terms of ice resistance the new icebreaker was superior to her predecessor. In 40-centimetre (16 in) ice, she could easily maintain a speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph) and small ice ridges
886:
was modified for oil spill response duties. Her large heeling tanks and one fuel tank were converted to storage tanks for recovered oil with a combined capacity of 2,033 cubic meters. Furthermore, she was fitted with cranes to handle the recovery equipment and two new lifeboats that were not deemed
825:
kW that pump air through 46 nozzles located below the waterline on both sides of the vessel. At low speeds, the system can also be used for manoeuvering. In addition, she has large ballast tanks and high-capacity pumps that can be used for rapid heeling and trimming to release the icebreaker if she
566:
slid back by herself without utilizing the engines, and the ridge was penetrated on the second charge. The robustness of the ship and its propulsion system were further proven when the icebreaker was backed into a ridge at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) "to prove to the customer it doesn't
808:
had been fitted with two bow propellers to reduce the friction between ice and the hull of the vessel in difficult ice conditions. However, the quad-shaft propulsion system was expensive to build and maintain, and the forward propeller bossings considerably increased the resistance of the ship.
484:
which had been built in the late 1950s and were no longer wide enough to escort modern merchant ships. Furthermore, the old icebreakers were expensive to operate and, despite their small size, required a relatively large crew of 53. The development of the new class of icebreakers, dubbed
554:
along the way appeared to be of no consequence to the vessel. However, the strength of the new icebreaker was put to the ultimate test when she encountered a large pressure ridge reaching all the way to the seafloor some 20 metres (66 ft) below the surface. After preparations,
611:
on top of the stylish superstructure feature full-depth all-round windows that provide almost 360 degree visibility from the main steering position, which has been moved to the starboard bridge wing from the centerline. Furthermore, the traditional colours dating back to the
592:, she is slightly wider and was, at the time of her delivery, the widest subarctic icebreaker in the world with a beam of 24.2 metres (79 ft). However, with a maximum draft of 8 metres (26 ft) and a minimum operating draft of only 7.3 metres (24 ft),
899:
had the largest sweeping width among
Finnish oil spill response vessels as well as the largest storage tank capacity. In addition, she had a remote controlled free-floating robot skimmer that could be deployed in an area enclosed by oil booms. On her aft deck,
866:
would remain in constant readiness in the icebreaker base at
Katajanokka, Helsinki. During the winter months, she resumed her escort icebreaker duties in the Gulf of Bothnia but maintained a preparedness for oil spill response operation in ice-covered waters.
957:
entered service in 1986, the
Finnish icebreaker captains were sceptical about the ability of an icebreaker without bow propellers to operate successfully in the shallow Finnish waters characterized by heavy ice ridges. However, after the early
1000:
are the last
Finnish icebreakers designed solely for escorting merchant ships through ice-infested waters. In the 1990s, the Finnish Maritime Administration commissioned three multipurpose icebreakers with a secondary role in
747:(AC) propulsion motors. Although electrical propulsion had already been used in Finnish icebreakers for almost five decades due to its flexibility and good torque characteristics at low propeller speeds, the older vessels had
620:, blue and white. Due to the extensive use of advanced automation, which allowed everything ranging from starting and stopping the main engines to raising and lowering the flag to be done remotely from the bridge,
777:
rpm to both directions and at lower speeds the propulsion motors are capable of providing 130% of the rated torque to prevent the four-bladed stainless steel propellers from jamming in severe ice conditions. The
636:, unusable in ice-infested waters, were replaced with inflatable life rafts that could be lowered on the ice. However, lifeboats were fitted when the icebreaker was equipped for oil spill response.
717:
higher to calm the ship's motions in heavy weather. In addition, the maintenance of the main engines is easier as the heavy engine components can be handled with the ship's main crane and the
895:. She had two rigid sweeping booms that can be deployed on both sides of the vessel to direct oil slick to stiff brush skimmers when the vessel is moving at low speeds. Due to her size,
1064:
508:
235 million and commissioned in
January 1986. The second ship, identical to the first one, was ordered in December 1985 and delivered to the owners on 29 January 1987. Her name,
1005:
construction projects during the summer months. However, due to the criticism of the multipurpose icebreakers and Arctic offshore drilling in general, the new icebreaker
1511:
647:, 1A Super, it has hardly any meaning for icebreakers which are of considerably stronger build than merchant ships operating in their care. Coated with low-friction
562:
and lacked the bow propellers of her predecessors, she rode up the ridge and began listing to the port side as the hull rose from the water. After coming to a stop,
989:. In the tests, the much smaller tug was attached to the stern of the icebreaker to determine its bollard pull while the icebreaker towed it at different speeds.
962:
and successful ice trials, the opinions changed and the performance of the "Bubbler of the
Bothnian Bay" was generally deemed to be satisfactory. Over the years,
686:
propulsion system. It utilizes the so-called power plant principle in which the main generators provide electricity for all shipboard consumers through a common
558:
was accelerated to a speed of 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) and rammed into the ridge at full power. Since the new icebreaker had a smooth inclined
923:
was always moored on the outside when the
Finnish icebreakers are moored in tiers of two in the icebreaker base at Katajanokka during the summer months.
1347:
1366:
970:
have proved to be very cost-efficient and for that reason they are the first
Finnish state-owned icebreakers to be deployed for icebreaking in the
713:
kW for use in ports. The uncommon location of the engine room was chosen to improve the seakeeping characteristics of the icebreaker by moving the
709:, are located on the upper deck beneath the helicopter platform. In addition, she has two smaller Wärtsilä 4R22/26 generators with an output of 350
729:
are the only
Finnish icebreakers running on heavy fuel oil which, being the cheapest fuel available, reduces operational costs of the icebreaker.
1399:
1255:
1480:
628:
had the smallest crew among Finnish state-owned icebreakers when she entered service in 1986. Later her crew has been further reduced to 20.
1504:
1329:
1461:
1757:
655:
epoxy paint, the hull plating has thickness of over 30 millimetres (1.2 in) in the bow and the waterline is protected by an
215:
1124:
Finland's latest icebreaker uses ac/ac diesel-electric propulsion. The Motor Ship, Volume 67, Issue 791, June 1986. Pages 21–24.
904:
carried 500 metres (550 yd) of heavy duty open water oil boom that could also be deployed in the presence of ice. In 2013,
1752:
1497:
854:
447:
1433:
1381:
800:
immobilized by pack ice while towing a cargo ship, a problem more likely to occur when the icebreaker has no bow propellers.
459:
1291:
473:
926:
The contract with EMSA expired on 13 April 2016 and the oil recovery equipment was removed. During the six years that
1717:
97:
1051:
596:
is able to escort ships to shallower ports than her predecessors. The displacement of the icebreaker is 9,130 tons.
810:
1696:
1668:
644:
1559:
467:
1573:
1344:
1710:
1689:
1675:
1566:
1545:
721:
tanks could be placed amidships to reduce the probability of an oil spill in case of grounding. As of 2013,
479:
1594:
1396:
543:
was put through a series of test to determine her icebreaking capability. In a race against the 1975-built
1703:
1608:
1538:
703:
930:
remained on standby for oil spill response operations, there were no major oil spills in the Baltic Sea.
1682:
1580:
1552:
1601:
887:
necessary in the past when the ship was used only for icebreaking. The oil recovery equipment on board
545:
152:
959:
1650:
1007:
752:
633:
1747:
744:
667:
501:
422:
155:
804:
Prior to the construction of the new vessels, all Finnish state-owned icebreakers built after the
1587:
916:
663:
219:
209:
109:
648:
103:
981:
has been used for various different tasks. In July 2011, she participated in the sea trials of
915:
regularly participated in the yearly national and international oil recovery exercises such as
1615:
1476:
1457:
1002:
871:
766:
714:
656:
430:
204:
1212:
805:
517:
81:
892:
1351:
1330:
Jäänmurtaja Kontiolle kolmivuotinen sopimus öljyntorjuntatehtävistä pohjoisella Itämerellä
971:
908:
was fitted with an additional Arctic skimmer capable of recovering oil in ice conditions.
850:
683:
659:
617:
607:
were a significant departure from the traditional Finnish icebreaker design. The extended
340:
1367:
Balex Delta oil spill response exercise to begin today 28 August with a national exercise
17:
1138:
Karhu II - A new-generation icebreaker. Shipping World & Shipbuilder, October 1985.
986:
748:
740:
718:
613:
505:
498:
419:
315:
1741:
1403:
949:
moored at Katajanokka in 2010. The oil recovery equipment is visible on the aft deck.
695:
257:
938:
31:
838:
779:
536:
1418:
1643:
1636:
1629:
608:
559:
490:
263:
1282:
Häkkinen, P. Muistiinpanot JM Otson vierailusta. Teknillinen Korkeakoulu, 2009.
977:
In addition to icebreaking duties and, later, oil spill response preparedness,
435:
were the first Finnish post-war icebreaker to be built without bow propellers.
1520:
1309:
1246:
Cycloconverters for the new icebreaker from Kymmene-Strömberg. Navigator 1985.
773:
kW. The maximum power is available at propeller speeds ranging from 115 to 220
706:
691:
415:
244:
200:
443:
793:
1489:
875:
662:
compound plating that further reduces ice friction and resists abrasion.
373:
10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) in 0.8 m (31 in) level ice
122:
1273:
Otso osoittautui kelpo murtajaksi. Suomen Merenkulku 4/1986. Pages 22–24
1524:
879:
411:
134:
1419:
Liikenne- ja viestintäministeriön budjettiehdotus 2,9 miljardia euroa
687:
1234:
Jäänmurtajalaivastoa uusitaan. Suomen Merenkulku 2/1985. Pages 6–8.
937:
792:
1096:
757:
were in favor of the new type of propulsion system. As a result,
513:
85:
40:
1493:
1310:
Kontiolle jatkosopimus öljyntorjuntaan ja uusi arktinen keräin
1256:
Arctia Shippingin luottamusmiehet: Ruotsalaisille annettu etua
821:
consists of three compressors with a combined output of 1,900
1382:Öljyntorjunnan valmiussopimus pohjoisella Itämerellä päättyy
616:
era, yellow and black, were replaced with the colors of the
489:
in the preliminary papers, intensified when Wärtsilä opened
1434:
Ministeri ja varustamo eri linjoilla uudesta jäänmurtajasta
1165:
Uusi murtaja tilattu. Suomen Merenkulku 6/1984. Page 43.
849:
In response to the increasing oil transportation in the
1065:
Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy
1354:. Suomen Merimies-Unioni SMU ry, 15 September 2010.
1661:
1531:
1421:. Liikenne- ja viestintäministeriö, 8 August 2012.
1332:. Suomen Merimies-Unioni SMU ry, 18 November 2009.
1208:
1206:
1200:
Telakoiden vaikein vuosi menossa. Navigator 6/1986.
739:were the first icebreakers in the world to utilize
1196:
1194:
1192:
1050:
1369:. Finnish Environment Institute, 28 August 2012.
1027:Finnish National Board of Navigation until 1998.
524:class icebreakers were decommissioned and sold.
1473:Raakaa voimaa—Suomalaisen jäänmurtamisen tarina
1406:. Suomen Merimies-Unioni SMU ry, 8 July 2011.
1345:J/m Kontio valmiustilassa öljyntorjuntaan 24/7
1182:
1180:
462:began looking for a replacement for the aging
1505:
1397:Jäänmurtaja Kontio saattohinaajan testiajossa
1294:. Tekniikka & Talous, 24 September 2010.
694:Wärtsilä Vasa 16V32 four-stroke medium-speed
8:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
429:-class icebreakers, she and her sister ship
1454:Navigare Necesse—Merenkulkulaitos 1917–1992
1305:
1303:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
862:by three years. According to the contract,
632:was also the first icebreaker in which the
1512:
1498:
1490:
1269:
1267:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
584:is slightly shorter than her predecessors
399:Fitted with oil recovery equipment 2010–16
370:18.5 knots (34.3 km/h; 21.3 mph)
1045:
1043:
299:8 m (26 ft 3 in) (maximum)
1242:
1240:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
826:is immobilized by compressive pack ice.
1325:
1323:
1321:
1039:
1020:
919:. Since she was in constant readiness,
425:in 1987 as a replacement for the aging
1471:Turunen, Ari; Partanen, Petja (2011).
26:
1456:. Jyväskylä: Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy.
1134:
1132:
1130:
678:Like all modern Finnish icebreakers,
549:in 0.8-metre (31 in) level ice,
535:. During extensive ice trials in the
53:
7:
765:were fitted with two Kymi-Strömberg
580:Although the 99-metre (325 ft)
460:Finnish National Board of Navigation
1174:Helsingin Sanomat, 31 January 1986.
702:kW each and driving 7,540 kVA Kymi-
493:in 1983. The first new icebreaker,
1384:. Arctia Shipping, 22 March 2016.
1312:. Arctia Shipping, 19 April 2013.
1215:Popular Mechanics, February 1989.
438:In addition to icebreaker duties,
291:24.2 m (79 ft 5 in)
283:99 m (324 ft 10 in)
25:
1475:. Jyväskylä: Atena Kustannus Oy.
1011:will again be a traditional one.
837:has also been retrofitted with a
504:on 19 March 1984 with a price of
531:is identical to her sister ship
127:
55:
30:
1730:No longer in service in Finland
855:European Maritime Safety Agency
512:, is one of the many terms for
448:European Maritime Safety Agency
98:Finnish Maritime Administration
1258:. Demari.fi, 15 October 2013.
1:
1292:Kontio kastaa tassunsa öljyyn
491:a new ice model test facility
1186:Turunen (2011), pages 37–39.
1156:Kaukiainen (1992), page 330.
811:Wärtsilä Air Bubbling System
690:. Her main generators, four
454:Development and construction
43:, Finland, in February 2012.
1774:
1728:
1452:Kaukiainen, Yrjö (1992).
1438:Retrieved 2012-08-21.
1423:Retrieved 2012-08-21.
1408:Retrieved 2012-10-21.
1386:Retrieved 2016-04-17.
1356:Retrieved 2012-10-21.
1334:Retrieved 2012-10-21.
1314:Retrieved 2013-04-19.
1296:Retrieved 2012-10-21.
1260:Retrieved 2013-10-15.
1217:Retrieved 2012-10-14.
1101:Retrieved 2012-10-14.
985:, an escort tug built in
645:Finnish-Swedish ice class
527:In terms of performance,
235:
48:
29:
18:Finnish icebreaker Kontio
1371:Retrieved 2012-8-28.
841:to assist manoeuvering.
769:AC motors rated at 7,500
520:. Afterwards, the three
458:In the early 1980s, the
236:General characteristics
1758:Ships built in Helsinki
870:During a conversion at
666:is prevented by active
576:General characteristics
450:between 2010 and 2016.
391:Helicopter landing area
1753:Icebreakers of Finland
950:
845:Oil recovery equipment
801:
1436:. YLE, 2 April 2012.
941:
829:Like her sister ship
796:
966:and her sister ship
891:was manufactured by
735:and her sister ship
725:and her sister ship
674:Power and propulsion
39:assisting ships off
1099:. Arctia Shipping.
745:alternating current
668:cathodic protection
497:, was ordered from
466:-class icebreakers
388:Aviation facilities
1350:2012-03-22 at the
951:
802:
664:Galvanic corrosion
643:holds the highest
110:Arctia Icebreaking
1735:
1734:
1482:978-951-796-762-4
960:teething problems
872:Turku Repair Yard
857:(EMSA) chartered
715:center of gravity
571:Technical details
502:Helsinki shipyard
423:Helsinki shipyard
403:
402:
156:Helsinki Shipyard
16:(Redirected from
1765:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1491:
1486:
1467:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1316:
1315:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1274:
1271:
1262:
1261:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1235:
1232:
1219:
1218:
1210:
1201:
1198:
1187:
1184:
1175:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1139:
1136:
1125:
1122:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1058:
1047:
1028:
1025:
824:
813:(WABS) on board
806:Second World War
789:
776:
772:
712:
701:
657:explosion welded
652:
614:Imperial Russian
518:Finnish language
446:response by the
357:
353:
349:
329:
325:
321:
314:
310:
133:
131:
130:
119:Port of registry
63:
60:
59:
58:
34:
27:
21:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1724:
1657:
1532:Diesel-electric
1527:
1518:
1483:
1470:
1464:
1451:
1448:
1443:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:Wayback Machine
1343:
1339:
1333:
1328:
1319:
1313:
1308:
1301:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1265:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1222:
1216:
1211:
1204:
1199:
1190:
1185:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1142:
1137:
1128:
1123:
1106:
1100:
1095:
1078:
1069:
1067:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1017:
972:Gulf of Bothnia
936:
851:Gulf of Finland
847:
822:
787:
774:
770:
741:cycloconverters
710:
699:
698:producing 5,460
684:diesel-electric
676:
660:stainless steel
650:
618:flag of Finland
578:
573:
539:in March 1986,
456:
442:was fitted for
355:
351:
347:
341:Diesel-electric
327:
323:
319:
312:
308:
304:Installed power
182:29 January 1987
153:Wärtsilä Marine
128:
126:
61:
56:
54:
44:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1771:
1769:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1468:
1462:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1426:
1411:
1402:2013-02-13 at
1389:
1374:
1359:
1337:
1317:
1299:
1284:
1275:
1263:
1248:
1236:
1220:
1202:
1188:
1176:
1167:
1158:
1140:
1126:
1104:
1076:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1013:
987:St. Petersburg
974:every winter.
935:
932:
846:
843:
749:direct current
719:heavy fuel oil
696:diesel engines
675:
672:
599:In many ways,
577:
574:
572:
569:
455:
452:
401:
400:
397:
393:
392:
389:
385:
384:
381:
377:
376:
375:
374:
371:
366:
362:
361:
360:
359:
344:
336:
332:
331:
305:
301:
300:
297:
293:
292:
289:
285:
284:
281:
277:
276:
273:
269:
268:
267:
266:
260:
252:
248:
247:
242:
238:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
223:
222:
213:
207:
196:
195:Identification
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
180:
176:
175:
172:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
150:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
120:
116:
115:
114:
113:
107:
101:
93:
89:
88:
79:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
51:
50:
46:
45:
35:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1770:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:Steam-powered
1660:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1463:951-47-6776-4
1459:
1455:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1412:
1405:
1404:archive.today
1401:
1398:
1393:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1375:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1024:
1021:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1004:
999:
995:
990:
988:
984:
980:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
956:
948:
944:
940:
933:
931:
929:
924:
922:
918:
914:
909:
907:
903:
898:
894:
890:
885:
881:
877:
873:
868:
865:
860:
856:
852:
844:
842:
840:
836:
832:
827:
820:
816:
812:
807:
799:
795:
791:
785:
781:
768:
764:
760:
756:
755:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
728:
724:
720:
716:
708:
705:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
673:
671:
669:
665:
661:
658:
654:
646:
642:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
575:
570:
568:
565:
561:
557:
552:
548:
547:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
500:
496:
492:
488:
483:
482:
477:
476:
471:
470:
465:
461:
453:
451:
449:
445:
441:
436:
434:
433:
428:
424:
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:
398:
395:
394:
390:
387:
386:
382:
379:
378:
372:
369:
368:
367:
364:
363:
346:Two shafts (2
345:
342:
339:
338:
337:
334:
333:
318:Vasa 16V32 (4
317:
306:
303:
302:
298:
295:
294:
290:
287:
286:
282:
279:
278:
274:
271:
270:
265:
261:
259:
255:
254:
253:
250:
249:
246:
243:
240:
239:
234:
230:
227:
226:
221:
217:
214:
211:
208:
206:
202:
199:
198:
197:
194:
193:
189:
186:
185:
181:
178:
177:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
157:
154:
151:
148:
147:
144:December 1985
143:
140:
139:
136:
124:
121:
118:
117:
111:
108:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
83:
80:
77:
76:
73:
70:
67:
66:
52:
47:
42:
38:
33:
28:
19:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1622:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1472:
1453:
1446:Bibliography
1429:
1414:
1392:
1377:
1362:
1340:
1287:
1278:
1251:
1213:Icebreakers!
1170:
1161:
1068:. Retrieved
1060:
1053:
1023:
1006:
997:
993:
992:As of 2013,
991:
982:
978:
976:
967:
963:
954:
952:
946:
942:
927:
925:
920:
912:
911:Since 2010,
910:
905:
901:
896:
888:
883:
869:
863:
858:
848:
839:bow thruster
834:
830:
828:
818:
814:
803:
797:
783:
780:bollard pull
762:
758:
753:
736:
732:
731:
726:
722:
679:
677:
640:
638:
629:
625:
621:
609:bridge wings
604:
600:
598:
593:
589:
585:
581:
579:
563:
555:
550:
544:
540:
537:Bothnian Bay
532:
528:
526:
521:
509:
494:
486:
480:
474:
468:
463:
457:
439:
437:
431:
426:
414:state-owned
406:
405:
404:
272:Displacement
190:1987–present
71:
36:
1698:Wäinämöinen
1521:Icebreakers
917:Balex Delta
767:synchronous
707:alternators
692:16-cylinder
418:. Built by
262:2,120
256:7,066
216:MMSI number
163:Yard number
106:(2004–2010)
100:(1987–2004)
1748:1986 ships
1742:Categories
1070:2012-10-14
1056:(8518120)"
1035:References
416:icebreaker
335:Propulsion
275:9,130 tons
245:Icebreaker
231:In service
201:IMO number
187:In service
104:Finstaship
1705:Ilmarinen
1097:IB Kontio
704:Strömberg
634:lifeboats
444:oil spill
220:230251000
210:Call sign
179:Completed
158:, Finland
84:term for
1719:Jääkarhu
1400:Archived
1348:Archived
1003:offshore
876:Naantali
567:break".
499:Wärtsilä
487:Karhu II
420:Wärtsilä
316:Wärtsilä
171:Launched
123:Helsinki
78:Namesake
1670:Murtaja
1652:Polaris
1645:Botnica
1638:Nordica
1631:Fennica
1561:Murtaja
1525:Finland
1061:Equasis
1008:Polaris
953:Before
880:Finland
516:in the
475:Murtaja
412:Finnish
343:(AC/AC)
251:Tonnage
205:8518120
203::
149:Builder
141:Ordered
135:Finland
112:(2010–)
82:Finnish
62:Finland
49:History
1624:Kontio
1479:
1460:
1054:Kontio
998:Kontio
979:Kontio
968:Kontio
947:Kontio
934:Career
928:Kontio
921:Kontio
913:Kontio
906:Kontio
902:Kontio
897:Kontio
889:Kontio
884:Kontio
864:Kontio
859:Kontio
853:, the
835:Kontio
823:
819:Kontio
798:Kontio
790:tons.
788:
786:is 160
784:Kontio
775:
771:
763:Kontio
754:Aranda
733:Kontio
723:Kontio
711:
700:
688:busbar
682:has a
680:Kontio
651:
649:Inerta
641:Kontio
639:While
630:Kontio
626:Kontio
605:Kontio
594:Kontio
582:Kontio
529:Kontio
510:Kontio
440:Kontio
407:Kontio
356:
352:
348:
328:
324:
320:
313:
309:
280:Length
228:Status
212:: OIRV
132:
72:Kontio
37:Kontio
1712:Voima
1691:Tarmo
1677:Sampo
1589:Varma
1582:Hanse
1575:Tarmo
1568:Sampo
1554:Karhu
1547:Voima
1015:Notes
893:Lamor
522:Karhu
481:Sampo
469:Karhu
464:Karhu
427:Karhu
410:is a
396:Notes
365:Speed
354:7,500
326:5,460
296:Draft
92:Owner
1617:Otso
1610:Sisu
1603:Urho
1540:Sisu
1477:ISBN
1458:ISBN
996:and
994:Otso
964:Otso
955:Otso
945:and
943:Otso
831:Otso
817:and
815:Otso
761:and
759:Otso
743:and
737:Otso
727:Otso
624:and
622:Otso
603:and
601:Otso
590:Sisu
588:and
586:Urho
564:Otso
560:stem
556:Otso
551:Otso
546:Urho
541:Otso
533:Otso
514:bear
495:Otso
478:and
432:Otso
380:Crew
288:Beam
241:Type
174:1986
86:bear
68:Name
41:Kemi
1684:Apu
1596:Apu
1523:of
983:Dir
874:in
782:of
653:160
506:FIM
358:kW)
330:kW)
166:478
1744::
1320:^
1302:^
1266:^
1239:^
1223:^
1205:^
1191:^
1179:^
1143:^
1129:^
1107:^
1079:^
1063:.
1059:.
1042:^
882:,
878:,
833:,
670:.
472:,
383:20
264:NT
258:GT
218::
125:,
1513:e
1506:t
1499:v
1485:.
1466:.
1073:.
1052:"
350:×
322:×
311:×
307:4
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
