2449:) values, the distance within Finns from different parts of the same country is exceptional in Europe. The distance between Western and Eastern Finns is higher than the distance between many European groups from different countries, such as the British people and Northern Germans. This is also noticeable in the distances of Finns from other Europeans, as the isolation is even more profound in Eastern Finns than in Western Finns. The division is related to the later settlement of Eastern Finland by a small number of Finns, who then experienced separate founder and bottleneck effects and genetic drift. Eastern Finns also have a higher portion of autosomal Siberian admixture and a higher frequency of the Y-haplogroup N1c (71.6%). While N1c is the most common haplogroup in Western Finland as well (53.8%), the haplogroup I1a is found more often there (30.9%) than it is in Eastern and Northern Finland (19%). This suggests that there is an additional Western component in the Western Finnish gene pool. Despite the differences, the IBS analysis points out that Western and Eastern Finns share overall a largely similar genetic foundation.
1569:
1722:
5290:
within the
Bolshoy population, we observe the derived allele of rs3827760 in the EDAR gene, which is found in near-fixation in East Asian and Native American populations today, but is extremely rare elsewhere37, and has been linked to phenotypes related to tooth shape38 and hair morphology39 (Supplementary Data 2). To further test differential relatedness with Nganasan in European populations and in the ancient individuals in this study, we calculated f4(Mbuti, Nganasan; Lithuanian, Test) (Fig. 3). Consistent with f3-statistics above, all the ancient individuals and modern Finns, Saami, Mordovians and Russians show excess allele sharing with Nganasan when used as Test populations.
2304:
2397:
2433:
3799:.) Other possible modern terms are "Finnish ethnic minority in Sweden" and "Finnish immigrants". These may be preferable because they make a clear distinction between these two very different population groups for which use of a single term is questionable and because "Finnish Swedes" is often used like "Finland Swedes" to mean "Swedish-speaking Finns". It should perhaps also be pointed out that many Finnish and Swedish speakers are unaware that the English word "Finn" elsewhere than in this article usually means "a native or inhabitant of Finland" (
1641:
1777:
3791:"Traditionally, immigrants were described in English and most other languages by an adjective indicating the new country of residence and a noun indicating their country of origin or their ethnic group. The term "Sweden Finns" corresponds to this naming method. Immigrants to the U.S. have, however, always been designated the "other way around" by an adjective indicating the ethnic or national origin and a noun indicating the new country of residence, for example "
1244:
2458:
2584:
1758:
936:
1133:
591:
4904:Översti, Sanni; Majander, Kerttu; Salmela, Elina; Salo, Kati; Arppe, Laura; Belskiy, Stanislav; Etu-Sihvola, Heli; Laakso, Ville; Mikkola, Esa; Pfrengle, Saskia; Putkonen, Mikko; Taavitsainen, Jussi-Pekka; Vuoristo, Katja; Wessman, Anna; Sajantila, Antti; Oinonen, Markku; Haak, Wolfgang; Schuenemann, Verena J.; Krause, Johannes; Palo, Jukka U.; Onkamo, Päivi (15 November 2019).
1695:) was not spoken in modern Finland, because the maximum divergence of the daughter languages occurs in modern-day Estonia. Therefore, Finnish was already a separate language when arriving in Finland. Furthermore, the traditional Finnish lexicon has a large number of words (about one-third) without a known etymology, hinting at the existence of a disappeared
3795:" (never "American Finns"). The term "Finnish Swedes" corresponds to this more modern naming method that is increasingly used in most countries and languages because it emphasises the status as full and equal citizens of the new country while providing information about cultural roots. (For more information about these different naming methods see
1014:. Finns are traditionally divided into smaller regional groups that span several countries adjacent to Finland, both those who are native to these countries as well as those who have resettled. Some of these may be classified as separate ethnic groups, rather than subgroups of Finns. These include the
2404:
Finns being an outlier population has to do with their gene pool having reduced diversity and differences in admixture, including Asian influence, compared to most
Europeans. In general, Europeans can be modelled to have three ancestral components (hunter-gatherer, farmer and steppe), but this model
5711:
Semino O, Passarino G, Oefner PJ, Lin AA, Arbuzova S, Beckman LE, De
Benedictis G, Francalacci P, Kouvatsi A, Limborska S, Marcikiae M, Mika A, Mika B, Primorac D, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Underhill PA (10 November 2000). "The genetic legacy of Paleolithic Homo sapiens sapiens
4523:
Rootsi, Siiri; Zhivotovsky, Lev A; Baldovič, Marian; Kayser, Manfred; Kutuev, Ildus A; Khusainova, Rita; Bermisheva, Marina A; Gubina, Marina; Fedorova, Sardana A; Ilumäe, Anne-Mai; Khusnutdinova, Elza K; Voevoda, Mikhail I; Osipova, Ludmila P; Stoneking, Mark; Lin, Alice A; Ferak, Vladimir; Parik,
1625:
Finnish material culture became independent of the wider Baltic Finnic culture in the 6th and 7th centuries, and by the turn of the 8th century the culture of metal objects that had prevailed in
Finland had developed in its own way. The same era can be considered to be broadly the date of the birth
5755:
Malaspina P, Cruciani F, Santolamazza P, Torroni A, Pangrazio A, Akar N, Bakalli V, Brdicka R, Jaruzelska J, Kozlov A, Malyarchuk B, Mehdi SQ, Michalodimitrakis E, Varesi L, Memmi MM, Vona G, Villems R, Parik J, Romano V, Stefan M, Stenico M, Terrenato L, Novelletto A, Scozzari R (September 2000).
5289:
This model, however, does not fit well for present-day populations from north-eastern Europe such as Saami, Russians, Mordovians, Chuvash, Estonians, Hungarians, and Finns: they carry additional ancestry seen as increased allele sharing with modern East Asian populations1,3,9,10. Additionally,
2440:
Finnish genes being often described as homogeneous does not mean that there is no regional variation within Finns. Finns can be roughly divided into
Western and Eastern (or Southwestern and Northeastern) Finnish sub-clusters, which in a fine-scale analysis contain more precise clusters that are
2551:. Wiik has not presented his theories in peer-reviewed scientific publications. Many scholars in Finno-Ugrian studies have strongly criticized the theory. Professor Raimo Anttila, Petri Kallio and brothers Ante and Aslak Aikio have rejected Wiik's theory with strong words, hinting strongly to
4782:
Kushniarevich, Alena; Utevska, Olga; Chuhryaeva, Marina; Agdzhoyan, Anastasia; Dibirova, Khadizhat; Uktveryte, Ingrida; Möls, Märt; Mulahasanovic, Lejla; Pshenichnov, Andrey; Frolova, Svetlana; Shanko, Andrey; Metspalu, Ene; Reidla, Maere; Tambets, Kristiina; Tamm, Erika (2 September 2015).
4596:
Zhernakova, Daria V.; Brukhin, Vladimir; Malov, Sergey; Oleksyk, Taras K.; Koepfli, Klaus Peter; Zhuk, Anna; Dobrynin, Pavel; Kliver, Sergei; Cherkasov, Nikolay; Tamazian, Gaik; Rotkevich, Mikhail; Krasheninnikova, Ksenia; Evsyukov, Igor; Sidorov, Sviatoslav; Gorbunova, Anna (January 2020).
2572:. But this does not in any way corroborate or prove that these 'refugia' spoke Uralic/Finnic, as it belies wholly independent variables that are not necessarily coeval (i.e. language spreads and genetic expansions can occur independently, at different times and in different directions).
2319:"Y-DNA" (male lineage) DNA-markers in tracing back the history of human populations has been gaining ground in ethnographic studies of Finnish people (e.g. the National Geographic Genographic Project and the Suomi DNA-projekti.) The most common maternal haplogroup among Finns is
4126:. From the book Hänninen, K. Kansakoulun maantieto ja kotiseutuoppi yksiopettajaisia kouluja varten. Osakeyhtiö Valistus, Raittiuskansan Kirjapaino Oy, Helsinki 1929, neljäs painos. The excerpt from a 1929 school book shows the generalized concept. Retrieved 13 January 2008.
2518:
speakers populated western Europe. As agriculture spread from the southeast into Europe, the Indo-European languages spread among the hunter-gatherers. In this process, both the hunter-gatherers speaking Finno-Ugric and those speaking Basque learned how to cultivate land and
4957:
Lao, Oscar; Lu, Timothy T.; Nothnagel, Michael; Junge, Olaf; Freitag-Wolf, Sandra; Caliebe, Amke; Balascakova, Miroslava; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Bindoff, Laurence A.; Comas, David; Holmlund, Gunilla; Kouvatsi, Anastasia; Macek, Milan; Mollet, Isabelle; Parson, Walther (2008).
2405:
does not work as such for some northeastern
European populations, like the Finns and the Sami. While their genome is still mostly European, they also have some additional East Eurasian ancestry (varies from 5 up to 10–13 % in Finns). This component is most likely
4716:
Kidd, Kenneth K.; Evsanaa, Baigalmaa; Togtokh, Ariunaa; Brissenden, Jane E.; Roscoe, Janet M.; Dogan, Mustafa; Neophytou, Pavlos I.; Gurkan, Cemal; Bulbul, Ozlem; Cherni, Lotfi; Speed, William C.; Murtha, Michael; Kidd, Judith R.; Pakstis, Andrew J. (4 May 2022).
2376:
When not compared to these groups, Finns have been found to cluster apart from their neighboring populations, forming outlier clusters. They are shifted away from the cline that most
Europeans belong to towards geographically distant Uralic-speakers like the
4655:
Pankratov, Vasili; Montinaro, Francesco; Kushniarevich, Alena; Hudjashov, Georgi; Jay, Flora; Saag, Lauri; Flores, Rodrigo; Marnetto, Davide; Seppel, Marten; Kals, Mart; Võsa, Urmo; Taccioli, Cristian; Möls, Märt; Milani, Lili; Aasa, Anto (25 July 2020).
2479:
Until the 1970s, most linguists believed that Finns arrived in
Finland as late as the first century AD. However, accumulating archaeological data suggests that the area of contemporary Finland had been inhabited continuously since the end of the
1403:
inconsistently. However, most of the time they seem to mean northern dwellers with a mobile life style. Current linguistic research supports the hypothesis of an etymological link between the
Finnish and the Sami languages and other modern
4944:
Finns are also genetically distinct from their neighboring populations and form outliers in the genetic variation within Europe. This genetic uniqueness derives from both reduced genetic diversity and an Asian influence to the gene
3028:
2661:
East
Karelians are generally considered to be a closely related but separate ethnic group from Finns, rather than a regional subgroup. Not only because of their Eastern Orthodox faith, but also because of their language and ethnic
5232:
Lamnidis, Thiseas C.; Majander, Kerttu; Jeong, Choongwon; Salmela, Elina; Wessman, Anna; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Khartanovich, Valery; Balanovsky, Oleg; Ongyerth, Matthias; Weihmann, Antje; Sajantila, Antti (27 November 2018).
1601:
rivers in what is now Russia. The genetic basis of future Finns also emerged in this area. There have been at least two noticeable waves of migration to the west by the ancestors of Finns. They began to move upstream of the
5458:
Salmela, Elina; Lappalainen, Tuuli; Fransson, Ingegerd; Andersen, Peter M.; Dahlman-Wright, Karin; Fiebig, Andreas; Sistonen, Pertti; Savontaus, Marja-Liisa; Schreiber, Stefan; Kere, Juha; Lahermo, Päivi (24 October 2008).
4386:
Tambets, Kristiina; Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Hudjashov, Georgi; Ilumäe, Anne-Mai; Rootsi, Siiri; Honkola, Terhi; Vesakoski, Outi; Atkinson, Quentin; Skoglund, Pontus; Kushniarevich, Alena; Litvinov, Sergey (21 September 2018).
4906:"Översti, S., Majander, K., Salmela, E. et al. Human mitochondrial DNA lineages in Iron-Age Fennoscandia suggest incipient admixture and eastern introduction of farming-related maternal ancestry. Sci Rep 9, 16883 (2019)"
1621:
roots. Material culture also changed during the transition, although the Baltic Finnic culture that formed on the shores of the Baltic Sea constantly retained its roots in a way that distinguished it from its neighbors.
1670:
Just as uncertain are the possible mediators and the timelines for the development of the Uralic majority language of the Finns. On the basis of comparative linguistics, it has been suggested that the separation of the
1293:
appear in a few written texts starting from about two millennia ago in association with peoples located in a northern part of Europe, but the real meaning of these terms is debatable. It has been suggested that this
1705:, 'peninsula'. Because the Finnish language itself reached a written form only in the 16th century, little primary data remains of early Finnish life. For example, the origins of such cultural icons as the
2837:
2567:
during autumn 2002. Since then, the debate has calmed, each side retaining their positions. Genotype analyses across the greater European genetic landscape have provided some credibility to the theory of the
2429:(IBD) segments with several other Uralic-speaking peoples, including groups like Estonians, the Sami and the geographically distant Komis and Nganasans, than with their Indo-European-speaking neighbours.
1879:. A small number of Eastern Orthodox Finns were also included, thus the Finnish government recognized both religions as "national religions". In 2017 70.9% of the population of Finland belonged to the
2563:
among Wiik's supporters. Moreover, some dismissed the entire idea of refugia, due to the existence even today of arctic and subarctic peoples. The most heated debate took place in the Finnish journal
4075:
1229:, who have lived along what is now the Swedish-Finnish border since the 15th century. The term "Finn" occasionally also has the meaning "a member of a people speaking Finnish or a Finnic language".
4277:
Nelis, Mari; Esko, Tõnu; Mägi, Reedik; Zimprich, Fritz; Zimprich, Alexander; Toncheva, Draga; Karachanak, Sena; Piskáčková, Tereza; Balaščák, Ivan; Peltonen, Leena; Jakkula, Eveliina (8 May 2009).
1745:. Following industrialization and modernization of Finland, most Finns were urbanized and employed in modern service and manufacturing occupations, with agriculture becoming a minor employer (see
1259:
Historical references to Northern Europe are scarce, and the names given to its peoples and geographic regions are obscure; therefore, the etymologies of the names are questionable. Such names as
2907:
2275:
are either native to Sweden or have emigrated from Finland to Sweden. An estimated 450,000 first- or second-generation immigrants from Finland live in Sweden, of which approximately half speak
5406:
2847:
3773:(revised edition). Ed. Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson. Oxford University Press, 2005. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. Tampere University of Technology. 3 August 2007
2327:. It is estimated to be the oldest major mtDNA haplogroup in Europe and is found in the whole of Europe at a low frequency, but seems to be found in significantly higher levels among Finns,
1522:
which was compiled in the 10th century, though its contents are believed to be older. Among the first written sources possibly designating western Finland as the land of Finns are also two
3024:
2373:. They show relative affinity to Northern Russians as well, who are known to be at least partially descended from Finno-Ugric-speakers who inhabited Northwestern Russia before the Slavs.
2539:
were formed. The linguistic ancestors of modern Finns did not switch their language due to their isolated location. The main supporters of Wiik's theory are Professor Ago Künnap of the
1095:
Today, there are approximately 6–7 million ethnic Finns and their descendants worldwide, with the majority of them living in their native Finland and the surrounding countries, namely
4454:
3266:
1568:
4162:
4513:
Assessing Finnish Y-chromosomal haplogroups using genotyping array data – Towards understanding the role of Y in complex disease – Annina Preussner 2021 University of Helsinki
4476:
Lappalainen, T; Koivumäki, S; Salmela, E; Huoponen, K; Sistonen, P; Savontaus, M. L.; Lahermo, P (2006). "Regional differences among the Finns: A Y-chromosomal perspective".
3666:
2877:
3776:
3692:
3636:
3610:
3448:
3370:
1459:
3532:
3318:
3184:
1614:
in 1250–1000 BC. The second wave of migration brought the main group of ancestors of Finns from the Baltic Sea to the southwest coast of Finland in the 8th century BC.
3558:
3474:
3422:
3396:
3344:
3292:
3210:
3128:
2815:
1721:
2934:[№ 689–690 – Ethnic composition of the population of Russia according to census data (in thousands of people)] (in Russian). Demoscope Weekly. 30 June 2016.
557:
No official statistics are kept on ethnicity. However, statistics of the Finnish population according to first language and citizenship are documented and available.
2958:
5015:
Santos, Patrícia; Gonzàlez-Fortes, Gloria; Trucchi, Emiliano; Ceolin, Andrea; Cordoni, Guido; Guardiano, Cristina; Longobardi, Giuseppe; Barbujani, Guido (2020).
2425:-like admixture, and they have less farmer-related and more hunter-gatherer-related admixture than Scandinavians and West and Central Europeans. Finns share more
1737:
agriculture was practiced in the forest-covered east by Eastern Finns up to the 19th century. Agriculture, along with the language, distinguishes Finns from the
6714:
2339:
that lived across large parts of Europe before the early farmers appeared are outside the genetic variation of modern populations, but most similar to Finns.
6215:
3158:
966:
4250:
2752:
4083:
2722:
1855:
Christianity was introduced to Finns and Karelians from the east, in the form of Eastern Orthodoxy from the Medieval times onwards. However, Swedish kings
559:
Finnish born population resident in Sweden. This figure likely includes all Finnish-born (regardless of ethnic background) and as such might be misleading.
3014:
Saressalo, L. (1996), Kveenit. Tutkimus erään pohjoisnorjalaisen vähemmistön identiteetistä. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran Toimituksia, 638. Helsinki.
6397:
3919:
2993:
5819:
Torroni, Antonio; Hans-Jürgen Bandelt; Vincent Macaulay; Martin Richards; Fulvio Cruciani; Chiara Rengo; Vicente Martinez-Cabrera; et al. (2001).
2903:
5794:
5398:
3889:
6023:
3718:
2687:
2052:
2035:
1211:
It is a matter of debate how best to designate the Finnish-speakers of Sweden, all of whom have migrated to Sweden from Finland. Terms used include
5581:
6634:
873:
5870:"The molecular dissection of mtDNA haplogroup H confirms that the Franco-Cantabrian glacial refuge was a major source for the European gene pool"
1477:
6386:
1880:
496:
6131:
4171:
The reference is a movie review, which however discusses the cultural phenomenon of the evacuation of Finnish Karelia using and analyzing the
2389:. The Balto-Finnic Estonians are among the genetically closest populations of Finns, but they are drawn towards the Lithuanians and Latvians.
690:
6072:
5534:
4850:
Peltola, Sanni; Majander, Kerttu; Makarov, Nikolaj; Dobrovolskaya, Maria; Nordqvist, Kerkko; Salmela, Elina; Onkamo, Päivi (9 January 2023).
4581:
4058:
4030:
4002:
3972:
2292:
1511:
may bear even earlier Indo-European echoes with the original meaning of either "land" or "human", but he has since disproved his hypothesis.
631:
4446:
3258:
2358:(3.5–4.9%). N1c, which is found mainly in a few countries in Europe (Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Russia), is a subgroup of the
6335:
5868:
Achilli, Alessandro; Chiara Rengo; Chiara Magri; Vincenza Battaglia; Anna Olivieri; Rosaria Scozzari; Fulvio Cruciani; et al. (2004).
5615:
2637:
1954:
1875:'s, introduced written Finnish, and literacy became common during the 18th century. When Finland became independent, it was overwhelmingly
5199:
4187:
1251:
consciously sought to define the Finnish people through depiction of the common people's everyday lives in art, such as this painting by
6273:
6158:
4347:
2385:(while remaining genetically distant from them as well). Their distance from Western Europeans is about the same as their distance from
3941:
2782:
2279:. The majority moved from Finland to Sweden following the Second World War, contributing and taking advantage of the rapidly expanding
7153:
5429:
3232:
2316:
1990:
1493:. This research also supports the earlier hypothesis that the designation Suomi started out as the designation for Southwest Finland (
1103:
has long been established in the countries of the Americas and Oceania, with the population of primarily immigrant background, namely
5984:
5333:
Qin, Pengfei; Zhou, Ying; Lou, Haiyi; Lu, Dongsheng; Yang, Xiong; Wang, Yuchen; Jin, Li; Chung, Yeun-Jun; Xu, Shuhua (2 April 2015).
1503:) and later for their language and later for the whole area of modern Finland. But it is not known how, why, and when this occurred.
7148:
6707:
6188:
6163:
4226:
3863:
1180:
878:
4115:
is a dialectal and cultural kinship rather than a genetic kinship, and represents a much larger and disassociated group of people.
3748:
2396:
3098:
2303:
959:
5554:
3688:
3632:
3606:
3584:
3444:
2869:
3658:
3366:
2935:
2190:
1958:
5917:
Pala, Maria; Anna Olivieri; Alessandro Achilli; Matteo Accetturo; Ene Metspalu; Maere Reidla; Erika Tamm; et al. (2012).
6660:
6036:
3528:
3314:
1974:
1626:
of the independent Finnish language, although its prehistory, like other Baltic Finnic languages, extends far into the past.
1449:
1391:(11th to 14th centuries), some of the oldest written sources probably originating from the closest proximity, use words like
1158:
915:
3741:"Suomalaisten esi-isät olivat maahanmuuttajia seilatessaan Suomenlahden yli – perillä odottivat muinaisgermaaniset asukkaat"
3554:
3470:
3418:
3392:
3340:
3288:
3206:
3124:
2807:
4785:"Genetic Heritage of the Balto-Slavic Speaking Populations: A Synthesis of Autosomal, Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal Data"
6592:
6427:
5605:
Aikio, A & Aikio, A. (2001). Heimovaelluksista jatkuvuuteen – suomalaisen väestöhistorian tutkimuksen pirstoutuminen.
4361:
2432:
2075:
4185:
Topelius, Z. (1876) Maamme kirja. Lukukirja alimmaisille oppilaitoksille Suomessa. Toinen jakso. Suom. Johannes Bäckvall.
3801:
2962:
1929:). Thus, a division into Western Finnish and Eastern Finnish is made. Further, there are subgroups, traditionally called
1925:
Finns are traditionally assumed to originate from two different populations speaking different dialects of Proto-Finnic (
6700:
6288:
6016:
2569:
4140:
3076:
6451:
6136:
3503:
2811:
2778:
2548:
1347:
952:
920:
695:
6323:
4119:
3774:
2268:) identity generally depends on the region. It is strongest among the Karelians, Savonians and South Ostrobothnians.
1806:
have become extinct. Finnish paganism combined various layers of Finnic, Norse, Germanic and Baltic paganism. Finnic
1143:
3051:"Kahdesta miljoonasta ulkosuomalaisesta suuri osa on "kateissa" – Ulkomailla asuvat ovat aina poikkeama tilastoissa"
6617:
6612:
6313:
6303:
6173:
6057:
5017:"More Rule than Exception: Parallel Evidence of Ancient Migrations in Grammars and Genomes of Finno-Ugric Speakers"
1764:, an apocryphal character from Finnish history, is one of the earliest known Finns. According to legend, he killed
910:
740:
616:
3150:
2197:, another remnant of a past governing system, can be seen to reflect a further manifestation of a local identity.
1472:
1162:
1147:
6473:
6345:
6210:
6183:
6089:
2744:
1765:
648:
5694:
5669:
4242:
2714:
1221:, with a distinction almost always made between more recent Finnish immigrants, most of whom have arrived after
6936:
6607:
6407:
6178:
5639:
2985:
2607:
1696:
1303:
3054:
3025:"Bevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Migrationshintergrund im weiteren Sinn nach ausgewählten Geburtsstaaten"
5311:
7163:
6558:
6543:
6478:
6298:
6278:
6104:
6094:
6009:
3836:
2622:
2602:
2597:
1884:
1617:
During the 80–100 generations of the migration, Finnish language changed its form, although it retained its
1380:
1065:
905:
765:
663:
653:
504:
4598:
7124:
6371:
6318:
6084:
5757:
5461:"Genome-Wide Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Uncovers Population Structure in Northern Europe"
3897:
3796:
2355:
2351:
1417:
1154:
1112:
1045:
643:
1891:. Whereas, in Russian Ingria, there were both Lutheran and Orthodox Finns; the former were identified as
1064:. These languages are markedly different from most other languages spoken in Europe, which belong to the
7158:
6732:
6493:
6412:
6330:
5578:
4526:"A counter-clockwise northern route of the Y-chromosome haplogroup N from Southeast Asia towards Europe"
2369:, a fellow Balto-Finnic group. Finns and Karelians form a cluster with another Balto-Finnic people, the
1888:
1864:
1688:
1680:
1618:
1466:
1453:
1252:
843:
811:
781:
20:
2413:. The specific Siberian-like ancestry is suggested to have arrived in Northern Europe during the early
1640:
4389:"Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations"
6867:
6498:
6483:
6437:
6340:
6283:
6193:
6146:
5721:
5472:
5346:
5246:
5090:
4796:
4730:
4290:
3714:
2683:
2359:
2347:
2343:
2324:
2320:
2291:, in the border area of northern Sweden. The Finnish language as well as Meänkieli are recognized as
1785:
1659:
1322:
722:
715:
340:
2201:
1776:
1663:
6573:
6515:
6463:
6422:
6392:
6261:
6247:
6052:
5992:
2632:
2540:
2507:
2469:
2426:
2422:
1843:
1335:
1316:
1104:
838:
770:
747:
726:
611:
4658:"Differences in local population history at the finest level: the case of the Estonian population"
2211:
toured Finland in 1984 and looked into people's traditional and contemporary understanding of the
1504:
6653:
6578:
6530:
6520:
6432:
6359:
6293:
6198:
6168:
6067:
6044:
5786:
4997:
4637:
2748:
2718:
2544:
2528:
2194:
1746:
1733:
Agriculture supplemented by fishing and hunting has been the traditional livelihood among Finns.
1563:
1299:
1061:
892:
626:
601:
581:
5604:
2717:[Finnish preliminary population by the end of January stood at 5,402,758] (in Finnish).
2393:, while being distinct from the Finns, are also closer to Finns than most European populations.
5138:"The Genome-wide Patterns of Variation Expose Significant Substructure in a Founder Population"
4184:
2287:, a language developed in partial isolation from standard Finnish, spoken by three minorities,
7080:
6602:
6553:
6381:
6099:
5948:
5919:"Mitochondrial DNA Signals of Late Glacial Recolonization of Europe from Near Eastern Refugia"
5899:
5850:
5778:
5737:
5530:
5508:
5490:
5380:
5362:
5280:
5262:
5211:
5167:
5118:
5056:
5038:
4989:
4981:
4935:
4881:
4873:
4832:
4814:
4764:
4746:
4695:
4677:
4629:
4621:
4577:
4555:
4547:
4493:
4428:
4410:
4355:
4326:
4308:
4222:
4156:
4054:
4026:
3998:
3968:
3913:
3792:
2931:№ 689–690 – Национальный состав населения России по данным переписей населения (тысяч человек)
2899:
2842:
2627:
2617:
2066:
2056:
1944:
1860:
1856:
1769:
1683:
roots of the entire language group date from about the 6th to the 8th millennium BC. When the
1116:
1108:
1053:
1049:
816:
658:
5758:"Patterns of male-specific inter-population divergence in Europe, West Asia and North Africa"
5079:"Swedish Population Substructure Revealed by Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Data"
2484:, contrary to the earlier idea that the area had experienced long uninhabited intervals. The
7119:
6897:
6882:
6724:
6676:
6629:
6597:
6503:
6468:
6114:
5938:
5930:
5889:
5881:
5840:
5832:
5768:
5729:
5498:
5480:
5370:
5354:
5270:
5254:
5157:
5149:
5108:
5098:
5046:
5028:
4971:
4925:
4917:
4863:
4822:
4804:
4754:
4738:
4685:
4669:
4613:
4537:
4485:
4418:
4400:
4316:
4298:
3933:
2808:"Table B04006 – People Reporting Ancestry – 2019 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates"
2774:
2612:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2462:
2418:
2276:
2162:
1916:
1803:
1742:
1692:
1684:
1672:
1635:
1427:
1405:
1295:
1100:
1057:
1041:
999:
987:
830:
806:
798:
788:
673:
572:
483:
479:
5433:
5399:"Itä- ja länsisuomalaiset erottaa jo geeneistä – raja noudattaa Pähkinäsaaren rauhan rajaa"
3236:
1353:
1243:
7098:
6568:
6563:
6508:
6417:
6376:
5996:
5698:
5619:
5585:
4191:
4123:
3867:
3780:
2515:
2485:
2410:
2336:
2280:
1868:
1551:
1531:
1430:
for 'Finland') and the Finnish and Sami names for the Finnish and Sami languages (
1238:
900:
733:
6859:
6240:
3860:
3180:
5725:
5476:
5350:
5250:
5094:
4800:
4734:
4294:
3740:
1309:
1068:. Native Finns can also be divided according to dialect into subgroups sometimes called
6872:
6845:
6802:
6681:
6308:
6126:
5943:
5918:
5894:
5869:
5845:
5820:
5773:
5503:
5460:
5375:
5334:
5275:
5235:"Ancient Fennoscandian genomes reveal origin and spread of Siberian ancestry in Europe"
5234:
5162:
5137:
5113:
5078:
5051:
5016:
4930:
4905:
4827:
4784:
4759:
4718:
4690:
4657:
4447:"Science: Stone Age Skeletons Suggest Europe's First Farmers Came From Southern Europe"
4423:
4388:
4321:
4278:
3934:"vanhempi mies "muinaissuomalaisessa kansanpuvussa" Mikkelin Tuukkalan löytöjen mukaan"
3102:
2589:
2488:
2442:
2362:
distributed across northern Eurasia and suggested to have entered Europe from Siberia.
1994:
1912:
1825:
1790:
1738:
1734:
1676:
1494:
1217:
1071:
940:
757:
685:
517:
197:
5335:"Quantitating and Dating Recent Gene Flow between European and East Asian Populations"
1342:
1328:
7142:
7103:
7088:
6775:
6624:
5546:
3580:
2642:
2552:
2206:
2148:
2095:
1892:
1872:
1741:, who retained the hunter-gatherer lifestyle longer and moved to coastal fishing and
1687:
were first spoken in the area of contemporary Finland is debated. It is thought that
1096:
1035:
142:
82:
7060:
6692:
5790:
5001:
4641:
1442:). Current research has disproved older hypotheses about connections with the names
1399:
7093:
7042:
7000:
6785:
6770:
6402:
4141:"Ennen & nyt 3/02, Jari Sedergren: Evakko - elokuva ja romaani pakolaisuudesta"
2457:
2386:
2288:
2272:
2174:
2124:
2112:
2070:
1962:
1920:
1839:
1802:
spread to Finland from the Medieval times onward and original native traditions of
1799:
1598:
1226:
1222:
1027:
1019:
1007:
1004:
546:
525:
172:
102:
6887:
6877:
5733:
2284:
1757:
1408:. It also supports the hypothesis of a common etymological origin of the toponyms
848:
5485:
5103:
4809:
4303:
1092:), although such divisions have become less important due to internal migration.
7065:
6925:
6917:
6907:
6902:
6780:
6548:
6119:
6079:
4617:
2929:
2499:
2472:
prevailed with the theory that "the original home of Finns" was in west-central
2382:
2332:
2136:
1876:
1594:
1589:
As other Western Uralic and Baltic Finnic peoples, Finns originated between the
1523:
1515:
1393:
1388:
1132:
678:
638:
542:
500:
430:
265:
245:
177:
5934:
5258:
5153:
4921:
4742:
4489:
4243:"Studies on Finnish attitudes and identities | The Finnish Cultural Foundation"
7052:
7029:
7005:
6109:
6062:
5974:
5430:"Seven Finnish populations: the greatest intranational substructure in Europe"
4976:
4959:
4868:
4851:
4673:
4405:
3809:
2579:
2342:
With regard to the Y-chromosome, the most common haplogroups of the Finns are
1978:
1812:
was some sort of sky-god and is shared with Estonia. Belief of a thunder-god,
1781:
1726:
1611:
1543:
852:
668:
621:
590:
5494:
5366:
5266:
5215:
5042:
4985:
4877:
4818:
4750:
4681:
4625:
4551:
4414:
4312:
2283:. This emigration peaked in 1970 and has been declining since. There is also
1933:, according to dialects and local culture. Although ostensibly based on late
1372:
in a more toponymical approach. Yet another theory postulates that the words
7070:
7017:
6980:
6972:
6810:
6797:
6792:
6748:
6741:
4542:
4525:
2556:
2503:
2366:
2328:
2079:
1900:
1896:
534:
530:
450:
410:
152:
131:
5952:
5903:
5854:
5782:
5741:
5512:
5384:
5284:
5171:
5122:
5060:
4993:
4939:
4885:
4852:"Genetic admixture and language shift in the medieval Volga-Oka interfluve"
4836:
4768:
4699:
4633:
4559:
4497:
4432:
4330:
3496:
5579:
Lehikoinen, L. (1986) D.E.D Europaeus kirjasuomen kehittäjänä ja tutkijana
5033:
4116:
554:
The total figure is merely a sum of all the referenced populations listed.
7108:
6992:
6946:
6827:
6816:
6758:
6583:
6220:
6203:
2957:
Australian Government – Department of Immigration and Border Protection.
2414:
2370:
1934:
1577:
1573:
1411:
1248:
538:
370:
330:
2872:[Number of people with Finnish background in Sweden is rising].
7012:
6964:
6956:
6821:
6667:
6225:
6032:
5979:
2511:
2481:
2473:
2406:
2378:
1817:
1710:
1607:
1603:
1535:
1519:
1270:
1011:
460:
380:
360:
295:
285:
225:
187:
62:
5358:
2400:
Share of 1–2 cM IBD segments of Uralic speakers (Tambets et al. 2018).
1820:, may have Baltic origins. Elements had their own protectors, such as
7113:
7037:
6951:
6892:
6538:
5821:"A signal, from human mtDNA, of postglacial recolonization in Europe"
5691:
5661:
4524:
Jüri; Kivisild, Toomas; Underhill, Peter A; Villems, Richard (2007).
4138:
Sedergren, J (2002) Evakko – elokuva ja romaani karjalaispakolaisista
3879:
Kallio, Petri 1998: Suomi(ttavia etymologioita) – Virittäjä 4 / 1998.
2510:. According to this theory, Finno-Ugric speakers spread north as the
2390:
2091:
1539:
1031:
1023:
440:
420:
390:
320:
275:
235:
162:
122:
112:
92:
5631:
3155:
France Diplomatie – Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères
1368:. Another etymological interpretation associates this ethnonym with
6001:
5885:
5836:
4599:"Genome-wide sequence analyses of ethnic populations across Russia"
3050:
1713:(an instrument of the zither family) have remained rather obscure.
6753:
6230:
5303:
4108:
2456:
2431:
2395:
2312:
2302:
1835:
1775:
1761:
1756:
1720:
1706:
1639:
1590:
1567:
1384:
1262:
1242:
1015:
521:
400:
350:
255:
207:
3828:
6837:
6235:
4960:"Correlation between Genetic and Geographic Structure in Europe"
2560:
2323:, as 41.5% of Finnish women belong to it. One in four carry the
1821:
1813:
6696:
6005:
5592:, 1986, 178–202. with German abstract. Retrieved 1 August 2008.
4201:
Pp. 187 onwards shows the stereotypical generalizations of the
2441:
consistent with traditional dialect areas. When looking at the
1610:, from where they eventually moved along the river towards the
1943:
have been constructed according to dialect during the rise of
1126:
4279:"Genetic Structure of Europeans: A View from the North–East"
1044:, the language spoken by Finns, is closely related to other
562:
Swedish population with at least partial Finnish background.
4350:. 5 April 2008. Archived from the original on 5 April 2008.
2069:
spoken in Russia, and most of North Karelia actually speak
1526:. One of these is in Söderby, Sweden, with the inscription
4719:"North Asian population relationships in a global context"
2904:"Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables"
2514:
ended. They populated central and northern Europe, while
5989:
5969:
2436:
Finland's fine-scale genetic structure before the 1950s.
2193:
can be seen to approximate some of these divisions. The
1469:
1456:
3447:(in Finnish). Consulate General of Finland, Hong Kong.
3395:(in Finnish). Embassy – Embassy of Finland, Abu Dhabi.
2984:
regionaldepartementet, Kommunal- og (8 December 2000).
2307:
The European genetic structure (based on 273,464 SNPs).
4348:"Atlas of the Human Journey – The Genographic Project"
3861:
https://www.hs.fi/kuukausiliite/art-2000009054909.html
3235:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Bern. Archived from
2523:
Indo-Europeanized. According to Wiik, this is how the
2065:); Karelian dialects of Finnish are distinct from the
1679:
took place during the 2nd millennium BC, and that the
4451:
AAAS – The World's Largest General Scientific Society
4167:. Ennen & nyt 3/2002. Retrieved 13 January 2008.
1780:
A peasant girl and a woman in traditional dress from
5980:
The Finnish Heritage Museum of Fairport Harbor, Ohio
2715:"Suomen ennakkoväkiluku tammikuun lopussa 5 402 758"
1056:. The Finnic languages are a subgroup of the larger
7079:
7051:
7028:
6991:
6916:
6858:
6731:
6529:
6450:
6358:
6260:
6145:
6043:
2838:"Foreign-born persons by country of birth and year"
2491:were pushed into the more remote northern regions.
1437:
1409:
511:
489:
473:
459:
449:
439:
429:
419:
409:
399:
389:
379:
369:
359:
349:
339:
329:
319:
294:
284:
274:
264:
254:
244:
234:
224:
206:
196:
186:
161:
151:
121:
111:
91:
81:
55:
40:
5712:in extant Europeans: a Y chromosome perspective".
5662:"Kaltio – Pohjoinen kulttuurilehti – Uusin kaltio"
5632:"Kaltio – Pohjoinen kulttuurilehti – Uusin kaltio"
2547:and Associate Professor Angela Marcantonio of the
5527:Homo Fennicus – Itämerensuomalaisten etnohistoria
4574:Homo Fennicus – Itämerensuomalaisten etnohistoria
4143:. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015
4051:Homo Fennicus – Itämerensuomalaisten etnohistoria
4023:Homo Fennicus – Itämerensuomalaisten etnohistoria
4016:
4014:
3995:Homo Fennicus – Itämerensuomalaisten etnohistoria
3965:Homo Fennicus – Itämerensuomalaisten etnohistoria
3823:
3821:
3819:
3259:"Imigrantes internacionais registrados no Brasil"
3101:(in Finnish). Suomi-Espanja Seura. Archived from
2409:-related, best represented by the north Siberian
4161:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
4053:. Finnish Literature Society. pp. 316–317.
3967:. Finnish Literature Society. pp. 253–255.
5547:"Lehti: Geneettinen analyysi kertoo maakuntasi"
1887:, 1.6% to other religious groups and 26.3% had
5072:
5070:
3291:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Copenhagen.
6708:
6017:
4202:
3609:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Singapore.
3183:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, The Hague.
3077:"Espanja – mielenkiintoisimmat tilastot 2024"
2263:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2178:
2166:
2152:
2140:
2128:
2116:
2099:
2083:
2060:
2039:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1982:
1966:
1938:
1847:
1829:
1807:
1725:Peasants toiling at a slash-and-burn site in
1700:
1644:
1498:
1443:
1431:
1421:
1203:
1194:
1069:
960:
8:
3812:on 27 October 2007 – via Bartleby.com.
3635:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Tel Aviv.
3317:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Brussels.
2468:In the 19th century, the Finnish researcher
31:
4025:. Finnish Literature Society. p. 275.
3997:. Finnish Literature Society. p. 269.
3691:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Nicosia.
3421:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Beijing.
3369:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Bangkok.
3127:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Tallinn.
2494:A hugely controversial theory is so-called
1606:and from there to the upper reaches of the
1514:The first known mention of Finns is in the
1288:
1282:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1161:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1077:
6715:
6701:
6693:
6456:
6364:
6266:
6151:
6024:
6010:
6002:
4217:Malmberg, Ilkka; Vanhatalo, Tapio (1985).
3557:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Warsaw.
3531:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Vienna.
3343:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Athens.
2700:Persons with Finnish background: 5,115,300
1576:according to the archeological finds from
967:
953:
567:
305:
30:
5942:
5893:
5844:
5772:
5690:The debate (in Finnish) is accessible in
5502:
5484:
5374:
5274:
5161:
5112:
5102:
5050:
5032:
4975:
4929:
4867:
4826:
4808:
4758:
4689:
4541:
4422:
4404:
4320:
4302:
2795:Finns 93.4%, Swede 5.6%, other 1% (2006).
1181:Learn how and when to remove this message
5600:
5598:
5200:"Mistä suomalaisten perimä on peräisin?"
3856:
3854:
3209:(in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Rome.
2109:Finnish minority groups outside Finland
4076:"Legenda piispa Henrikistä ja Lallista"
3099:"Paljonko suomalaisia asuu Espanjassa?"
2675:
2654:
2217:, listing them as follows: Tavastians (
1852:, attempts to revive these traditions.
787:
780:
746:
739:
732:
721:
714:
707:
579:
5923:The American Journal of Human Genetics
5874:The American Journal of Human Genetics
5193:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5183:
5181:
5142:The American Journal of Human Genetics
4353:
4154:
3918:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3911:
3535:from the original on 17 September 2017
3471:"Embassy – Embassy of Finland, Dublin"
3027:(in German). Statistisches Bundesamt.
1881:Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
1828:for forests. Local animistic deities,
5529:. Finnish Literature Society. p. 94.
5453:
5451:
5227:
5225:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4711:
4709:
4591:
4589:
4576:. Finnish Literature Society. p. 95.
4509:
4507:
4381:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4342:
4340:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4253:from the original on 28 December 2022
4044:
4042:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3751:from the original on 24 November 2021
3669:from the original on 25 December 2018
3639:from the original on 27 February 2018
3613:from the original on 27 February 2018
3561:from the original on 27 February 2018
3477:from the original on 27 February 2018
3451:from the original on 27 February 2018
3425:from the original on 27 February 2018
3399:from the original on 27 February 2018
3373:from the original on 27 February 2018
3321:from the original on 27 February 2018
3295:from the original on 27 February 2018
3213:from the original on 27 February 2018
3057:from the original on 27 February 2018
2785:from the original on 20 December 2022
2293:official minority languages in Sweden
1867:had the important effect that bishop
998:
75:Other significant population centers:
7:
5975:FTDNA Finland Geographic DNA Project
5314:from the original on 14 October 2022
3721:from the original on 18 October 2017
3187:from the original on 29 October 2017
3161:from the original on 27 January 2022
2818:from the original on 24 October 2022
2690:from the original on 18 October 2017
2638:Finnish immigration to North America
2498:. This was proposed in the 1990s by
2262:Today the importance of the tribal (
1838:, were also given offerings to, and
1302:origin and related to such words as
1159:adding citations to reliable sources
66:
56:Regions with significant populations
3944:from the original on 1 January 2020
3659:"2013 Census ethnic group profiles"
3269:from the original on 19 August 2021
3131:from the original on 7 October 2017
2996:from the original on 21 August 2020
2870:"Fler med finsk bakgrund i Sverige"
2745:"Preliminary population statistics"
2335:. The older population of European
2289:Tornedalians, Kvens and Lantalaiset
1859:in the late 13th century, imposing
5825:American Journal of Human Genetics
5774:10.1046/j.1469-1809.2000.6450395.x
5672:from the original on 28 April 2015
5642:from the original on 28 April 2015
5409:from the original on 1 August 2023
4662:European Journal of Human Genetics
4530:European Journal of Human Genetics
4457:from the original on 8 August 2017
3695:from the original on 17 April 2012
3587:from the original on 3 August 2022
3031:from the original on 20 April 2019
2755:from the original on 29 April 2021
2702:Native Finnish speakers: 4,778,490
1857:conquered western parts of Finland
1784:, Eastern Finland, as depicted by
14:
5800:from the original on 3 April 2023
5557:from the original on 22 July 2023
3747:(in Finnish). 10 September 2020.
3509:from the original on 23 June 2022
3347:from the original on 12 June 2018
3079:(in Finnish). Aurinkoinen Espanja
2880:from the original on 12 June 2018
2365:Finns are genetically closest to
1895:while the latter were considered
1699:; these include toponyms such as
1662:. The painting is a depiction of
1099:, Russia and Norway. An overseas
1066:Indo-European family of languages
5970:Finnish Colony of Penedo, Brazil
3839:from the original on 8 July 2004
3771:The Oxford Dictionary of English
2910:from the original on 6 July 2021
2876:(in Swedish). 22 February 2013.
2725:from the original on 8 July 2017
2582:
2543:, Professor Kyösti Julku of the
2453:Theories of the origins of Finns
1917:Finnish language § Dialects
1554:) dating from the 11th century.
1200:
1131:
934:
589:
4082:. Otavan Opisto. Archived from
2938:from the original on 7 May 2020
2191:historical provinces of Finland
1458:
6132:History of independent Finland
4219:Heimoerot esiin ja härnäämään!
2775:"The World Factbook – Finland"
1834:, which resemble Scandinavian
1193:The Finnish term for Finns is
691:History of independent Finland
16:Ethnic group native to Finland
1:
5734:10.1126/science.290.5494.1155
5136:Jakkula; et al. (2008).
5077:Salmela; et al. (2011).
4221:. Weilin+Göös. pp. 5–6.
3583:. Embassy of Finland, Tokyo.
3151:"Présentation de la Finlande"
2986:"St.meld. nr. 15 (2000–2001)"
2315:"mtDNA" (female lineage) and
2183:), Finnish minority in Sweden
68:
46:
5767:. 64(Pt 5) (Pt 5): 395–412.
5486:10.1371/journal.pone.0003519
5104:10.1371/journal.pone.0016747
4810:10.1371/journal.pone.0135820
4304:10.1371/journal.pone.0005472
3829:"Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura"
3806:American Heritage Dictionary
2570:Last Glacial Maximum refugia
2421:. Finns have high steppe or
1507:had suggested that the name
4618:10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.03.007
4197:Retrieved 13 January 2008.
4107:is often mistranslated as "
2812:United States Census Bureau
2779:Central Intelligence Agency
2417:, linked to the arrival of
1691:(the proto-language of the
1580:. Interpretation from 1889.
1476:
1420:for 'Lapland') and
7180:
6387:Government-owned companies
6058:Finland under Swedish rule
5935:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.04.003
5259:10.1038/s41467-018-07483-5
5154:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.11.005
4922:10.1038/s41598-019-51045-8
4743:10.1038/s41598-022-10706-x
4490:10.1016/j.gene.2006.03.004
2502:, a professor emeritus of
2253:), and Finnish Karelians (
1910:
1633:
1561:
1471:
1470:
1340:'check, try'; and
1236:
1058:Uralic family of languages
617:Finland under Swedish rule
18:
6647:
6459:
6398:National income agreement
6367:
6269:
6154:
6090:Golden Age of Finnish Art
5428:Häkkinen, Jaakko (2011).
4977:10.1016/j.cub.2008.07.049
4869:10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.036
4674:10.1038/s41431-020-0699-4
4406:10.1186/s13059-018-1522-1
4360:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4175:concept rather generally.
2024:Northern Ostrobothnians (
2006:Southern Ostrobothnians (
1937:settlement patterns, the
1768:with an ax on the ice of
1572:Man's costume during the
649:Golden Age of Finnish Art
552:
516:
494:
478:
315:
308:
304:
60:
45:
7149:Ethnic groups in Finland
6274:Administrative divisions
5990:Finno-Ugric media center
5701:. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
5618:27 February 2008 at the
5584:27 February 2008 at the
5302:Nousiainen, Anu (2018).
3866:26 December 2022 at the
2930:
2608:Finnish (disambiguation)
2015:Central Ostrobothnians (
1889:no religious affiliation
1321:'find, notice';
1000:[ˈsuo̯mɑlɑi̯set]
6105:Finland in World War II
6095:Independence of Finland
5198:Salmela, Elina (2023).
4543:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201748
3607:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3445:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3419:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3393:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3341:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3315:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3289:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3207:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
3181:"Kahdenväliset suhteet"
2603:Finnic (disambiguation)
2598:Demographics of Finland
2461:Modern distribution of
2121:) of Norrbotten, Sweden
1885:Finnish Orthodox Church
1697:Paleo-European language
1546:, with the inscription
1534:), and the other is in
1457:
1398:
1392:
1352:
1351:
1341:
1327:
1326:
1308:
1307:
664:Finland in World War II
654:Independence of Finland
7154:Ethnic groups in Sápmi
4203:
3808:. 2000. Archived from
3797:Swedish-speaking Finns
3717:. Statistics Finland.
3555:"Suomalaiset Puolassa"
2686:. Statistics Finland.
2465:
2437:
2401:
2308:
2264:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2179:
2167:
2153:
2141:
2133:) of Sweden and Norway
2129:
2117:
2100:
2084:
2061:
2040:
2026:
2017:
2008:
1999:
1983:
1967:
1939:
1848:
1830:
1808:
1796:
1773:
1730:
1701:
1667:
1645:
1581:
1499:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1422:
1410:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1256:
1204:
1195:
1070:
1060:, which also includes
1046:Balto-Finnic languages
991:
5995:16 April 2021 at the
5525:Lang, Valter (2020).
5239:Nature Communications
5034:10.3390/genes11121491
4572:Lang, Valter (2020).
4080:opinnot.internetix.fi
4049:Lang, Valter (2020).
4021:Lang, Valter (2020).
3993:Lang, Valter (2020).
3963:Lang, Valter (2020).
3367:"Maatiedosto Thaimaa"
2959:"Finnish Australians"
2460:
2435:
2399:
2306:
2145:) of Finnmark, Norway
1947:in the 19th century.
1865:Reformation in Sweden
1779:
1760:
1724:
1643:
1571:
1253:Akseli Gallen-Kallela
1246:
512:Related ethnic groups
21:Finn (disambiguation)
6635:World Heritage Sites
5553:(in Finnish). 2008.
5436:on 27 September 2011
5405:(in Finnish). 2017.
4190:4 March 2016 at the
4122:3 March 2016 at the
3940:(Catalogue record).
3779:9 March 2020 at the
2238:varsinaissuomalaiset
1968:varsinaissuomalaiset
1666:playing the kantele.
1363:pedestrian, wanderer
1155:improve this section
874:World Heritage Sites
341:United Arab Emirates
218:part-year residents)
19:For other uses, see
5726:2000Sci...290.1155S
5697:8 July 2007 at the
5477:2008PLoSO...3.3519S
5351:2015NatSR...5E9500Q
5251:2018NatCo...9.5018L
5095:2011PLoSO...616747S
4801:2015PLoSO..1035820K
4735:2022NatSR..12.7214K
4295:2009PLoSO...4.5472N
3689:"Suomi Brasiliassa"
3529:"Suomi Itävallassa"
3239:on 27 February 2018
3105:on 27 February 2018
3053:(in Finnish). YLE.
2633:Finnish Australians
2541:University of Tartu
2508:University of Turku
2427:identity-by-descent
2423:Corded Ware culture
2223:), Ostrobothnians (
2157:) of Ingria, Russia
1877:Lutheran Protestant
1844:Finnish neopaganism
916:National landscapes
37:
6428:Telecommunications
6068:Great Northern War
5613:Retrieved 1-7-2008
5339:Scientific Reports
5304:"Keitä me olemme?"
4910:Scientific Reports
4862:(1): 174–182.e10.
4723:Scientific Reports
4117:Suomalaiset heimot
4086:on 9 February 2019
3633:"Suomi Israelissa"
3581:"Finland in Japan"
3233:"Suomi Sveitsissä"
2965:on 16 January 2014
2749:Statistics Finland
2719:Statistics Finland
2623:Finnish Brazilians
2549:University of Rome
2545:University of Oulu
2466:
2438:
2402:
2309:
2229:), Lapland Finns (
2195:regions of Finland
2180:ruotsinsuomalaiset
2154:inkerinsuomalaiset
2027:pohjoispohjalaiset
1824:for waterways and
1797:
1774:
1747:Economy of Finland
1731:
1729:, Eastern Finland.
1668:
1653:Väinämöinen's Play
1646:Väinämöisen soitto
1582:
1564:History of Finland
1448:(Finnish for '
1348:Middle High German
1257:
1115:, Brazil, and the
941:Finland portal
627:Great Northern War
582:Culture of Finland
7136:
7135:
6937:Northwestern Mari
6723:Peoples speaking
6690:
6689:
6643:
6642:
6446:
6445:
6354:
6353:
6336:Political parties
6289:Foreign relations
6256:
6255:
5535:978-951-858-130-0
5359:10.1038/srep09500
5210:(16): 1247–1255.
4970:(16): 1241–1248.
4668:(11): 1580–1591.
4582:978-951-858-130-0
4453:. 26 April 2012.
4074:Helminen, MInna.
4060:978-951-858-130-0
4032:978-951-858-130-0
4004:978-951-858-130-0
3974:978-951-858-130-0
3900:on 6 October 2007
3793:Finnish Americans
2900:Statistics Canada
2843:Statistics Sweden
2751:. 23 March 2021.
2649:Explanatory notes
2628:Finnish Canadians
2618:Finnish Americans
2247:), Kainuu Finns (
2235:), Finns proper (
2071:Savonian dialects
2067:Karelian language
2057:Finnish Karelians
2038:: Lapland Finns (
1955:Southwest Finland
1861:Roman Catholicism
1339:
1320:
1300:Germanic language
1191:
1190:
1183:
977:
976:
566:
565:
469:
468:
219:
181:
146:
135:
106:
76:
7171:
7128:
6725:Uralic languages
6717:
6710:
6703:
6694:
6670:
6663:
6656:
6618:Independence Day
6608:National symbols
6457:
6365:
6267:
6159:Cities and towns
6152:
6137:Military history
6115:Continuation War
6026:
6019:
6012:
6003:
5957:
5956:
5946:
5914:
5908:
5907:
5897:
5865:
5859:
5858:
5848:
5816:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5799:
5776:
5762:
5752:
5746:
5745:
5720:(5494): 1155–9.
5708:
5702:
5692:Kaltio's website
5688:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5677:
5658:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5628:
5622:
5612:
5602:
5593:
5577:
5573:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5551:www.iltalehti.fi
5543:
5537:
5523:
5517:
5516:
5506:
5488:
5455:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5441:
5432:. Archived from
5425:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5395:
5389:
5388:
5378:
5330:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5319:
5299:
5293:
5292:
5278:
5229:
5220:
5219:
5195:
5176:
5175:
5165:
5133:
5127:
5126:
5116:
5106:
5074:
5065:
5064:
5054:
5036:
5012:
5006:
5005:
4979:
4954:
4948:
4947:
4933:
4901:
4890:
4889:
4871:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4830:
4812:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4762:
4713:
4704:
4703:
4693:
4652:
4646:
4645:
4603:
4593:
4584:
4570:
4564:
4563:
4545:
4520:
4514:
4511:
4502:
4501:
4473:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4462:
4443:
4437:
4436:
4426:
4408:
4383:
4366:
4365:
4359:
4351:
4344:
4335:
4334:
4324:
4306:
4274:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4258:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4214:
4208:
4206:
4200:
4196:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4166:
4160:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4102:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4046:
4037:
4036:
4018:
4009:
4008:
3990:
3979:
3978:
3960:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3930:
3924:
3923:
3917:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3896:. Archived from
3886:
3880:
3877:
3871:
3858:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3825:
3814:
3813:
3789:
3783:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3655:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3540:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3508:
3501:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3229:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2961:. Archived from
2954:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2846:. Archived from
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2697:
2695:
2680:
2663:
2659:
2613:Finnish language
2592:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2537:Baltic languages
2470:Matthias Castrén
2463:Uralic languages
2419:Uralic languages
2337:hunter-gatherers
2267:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2210:
2182:
2170:
2163:Finnish diaspora
2156:
2144:
2132:
2130:metsäsuomalaiset
2120:
2118:länsipohjalaiset
2103:
2087:
2064:
2043:
2029:
2020:
2018:keskipohjalaiset
2011:
2009:eteläpohjalaiset
2002:
1986:
1970:
1942:
1851:
1842:was also known.
1833:
1811:
1804:Finnish paganism
1794:
1743:reindeer herding
1704:
1693:Finnic languages
1685:Uralic languages
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1636:Finnish language
1502:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1475:
1464:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1425:
1415:
1406:Uralic languages
1383:. The Icelandic
1367:
1364:
1361:
1334:
1315:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1266:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1186:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1166:
1135:
1127:
1101:Finnish diaspora
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1002:
997:
969:
962:
955:
939:
938:
937:
921:Regional anthems
696:Military history
674:Continuation War
593:
584:
568:
505:Eastern Orthodox
306:
220:
215:
212:17,433 (in 2022)
182:
170:
147:
140:
129:
107:
100:
74:
70:
67:
48:
41:Total population
38:
7179:
7178:
7174:
7173:
7172:
7170:
7169:
7168:
7139:
7138:
7137:
7132:
7122:
7075:
7047:
7024:
6987:
6912:
6854:
6727:
6721:
6691:
6686:
6673:
6666:
6659:
6652:
6639:
6613:Public holidays
6525:
6442:
6350:
6314:Law enforcement
6252:
6141:
6073:The Great Wrath
6039:
6030:
5997:Wayback Machine
5966:
5961:
5960:
5916:
5915:
5911:
5867:
5866:
5862:
5818:
5817:
5813:
5803:
5801:
5797:
5760:
5754:
5753:
5749:
5710:
5709:
5705:
5699:Wayback Machine
5689:
5685:
5675:
5673:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5645:
5643:
5630:
5629:
5625:
5620:Wayback Machine
5610:
5603:
5596:
5586:Wayback Machine
5575:
5574:
5570:
5560:
5558:
5545:
5544:
5540:
5524:
5520:
5457:
5456:
5449:
5439:
5437:
5427:
5426:
5422:
5412:
5410:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5332:
5331:
5327:
5317:
5315:
5301:
5300:
5296:
5231:
5230:
5223:
5197:
5196:
5179:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5076:
5075:
5068:
5014:
5013:
5009:
4964:Current Biology
4956:
4955:
4951:
4903:
4902:
4893:
4856:Current Biology
4849:
4848:
4844:
4795:(9): e0135820.
4781:
4780:
4776:
4715:
4714:
4707:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4587:
4571:
4567:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4512:
4505:
4475:
4474:
4470:
4460:
4458:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4385:
4384:
4369:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4338:
4276:
4275:
4266:
4256:
4254:
4241:
4240:
4236:
4229:
4216:
4215:
4211:
4198:
4194:
4192:Wayback Machine
4183:
4179:
4168:
4153:
4146:
4144:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4127:
4124:Wayback Machine
4103:
4099:
4089:
4087:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4061:
4048:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4020:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3992:
3991:
3982:
3975:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3947:
3945:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3910:
3903:
3901:
3890:"Archived copy"
3888:
3887:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3868:Wayback Machine
3859:
3852:
3842:
3840:
3827:
3826:
3817:
3800:
3790:
3786:
3781:Wayback Machine
3768:
3764:
3754:
3752:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3724:
3722:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3698:
3696:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3642:
3640:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3616:
3614:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3590:
3588:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3564:
3562:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3538:
3536:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3499:
3495:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3478:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3454:
3452:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3428:
3426:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3402:
3400:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3376:
3374:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3350:
3348:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3324:
3322:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3298:
3296:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3270:
3263:nepo.unicamp.br
3257:
3256:
3252:
3242:
3240:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3216:
3214:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3190:
3188:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3164:
3162:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3125:"Suomi Virossa"
3123:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3082:
3080:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3060:
3058:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3034:
3032:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2997:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2941:
2939:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2911:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2881:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2853:
2851:
2850:on 5 March 2016
2836:
2835:
2831:
2821:
2819:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2788:
2786:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2758:
2756:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2701:
2693:
2691:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2588:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2486:hunter-gatherer
2455:
2448:
2301:
2281:Swedish economy
2204:
2168:ulkosuomalaiset
1923:
1909:
1871:, a student of
1869:Mikael Agricola
1788:
1786:Severin Falkman
1755:
1719:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1638:
1632:
1587:
1566:
1560:
1500:Varsinais-Suomi
1490:
1487:
1484:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1304:Old High German
1298:ethnonym is of
1241:
1239:Finn (ethnonym)
1235:
1187:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1152:
1136:
1125:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
995:
973:
935:
933:
926:
925:
911:National anthem
896:
895:
884:
883:
869:
868:
859:
858:
834:
833:
822:
821:
802:
801:
776:
775:
761:
760:
703:
702:
701:
700:
632:The Great Wrath
605:
604:
580:
560:
558:
555:
553:
528:
385:1,000 (in 2001)
311:
310:Other countries
217:
214:
213:
175:
169:
168:
139:
138:
136:
128:
99:
98:
97:156,045–712,000
77:
71:4.7–5.1 million
65:
33:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7177:
7175:
7167:
7166:
7164:Finnish people
7161:
7156:
7151:
7141:
7140:
7134:
7133:
7131:
7130:
7117:
7111:
7106:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7085:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7057:
7055:
7049:
7048:
7046:
7045:
7040:
7034:
7032:
7026:
7025:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7020:
7010:
7009:
7008:
6997:
6995:
6989:
6988:
6986:
6985:
6977:
6969:
6961:
6960:
6959:
6954:
6944:
6943:
6942:
6939:
6934:
6931:
6922:
6920:
6914:
6913:
6911:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6864:
6862:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6852:
6851:
6850:
6846:Volkhov Chudes
6834:
6833:
6832:
6819:
6814:
6807:
6806:
6805:
6803:Tver Karelians
6795:
6790:
6789:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6763:
6762:
6761:
6756:
6746:
6737:
6735:
6729:
6728:
6722:
6720:
6719:
6712:
6705:
6697:
6688:
6687:
6685:
6684:
6679:
6672:
6671:
6664:
6657:
6649:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6621:
6620:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6589:
6588:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6535:
6533:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6523:
6521:Welfare system
6518:
6513:
6512:
6511:
6506:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6474:Climate change
6471:
6466:
6460:
6454:
6448:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6441:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6418:Stock exchange
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6368:
6362:
6356:
6355:
6352:
6351:
6349:
6348:
6346:Prime Minister
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6327:
6326:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6270:
6264:
6258:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6250:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6213:
6208:
6207:
6206:
6196:
6191:
6189:National parks
6186:
6184:Municipalities
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6164:Extreme points
6161:
6155:
6149:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6127:Finlandization
6124:
6123:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6076:
6075:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6049:
6047:
6041:
6040:
6031:
6029:
6028:
6021:
6014:
6006:
6000:
5999:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5965:
5964:External links
5962:
5959:
5958:
5929:(5): 915–924.
5909:
5886:10.1086/425590
5880:(5): 910–918.
5860:
5837:10.1086/323485
5811:
5747:
5703:
5683:
5653:
5623:
5607:Muinaistutkija
5594:
5568:
5538:
5518:
5447:
5420:
5403:paivanlehti.fi
5390:
5325:
5310:(in Finnish).
5294:
5221:
5177:
5148:(6): 787–794.
5128:
5066:
5007:
4949:
4891:
4842:
4774:
4705:
4647:
4612:(1): 442–458.
4585:
4565:
4536:(2): 204–211.
4515:
4503:
4468:
4438:
4393:Genome Biology
4367:
4336:
4264:
4234:
4227:
4209:
4177:
4131:
4097:
4066:
4059:
4038:
4031:
4010:
4003:
3980:
3973:
3955:
3925:
3881:
3872:
3850:
3815:
3784:
3762:
3732:
3706:
3680:
3650:
3624:
3598:
3572:
3546:
3520:
3488:
3462:
3436:
3410:
3384:
3358:
3332:
3306:
3280:
3250:
3224:
3198:
3172:
3142:
3116:
3090:
3068:
3042:
3016:
3007:
2976:
2949:
2921:
2891:
2874:Sveriges Radio
2861:
2829:
2799:
2766:
2736:
2706:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2590:Finland portal
2577:
2574:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2443:fixation index
2300:
2297:
2241:), Savonians (
2202:Ilkka Malmberg
2187:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2122:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2089:
2073:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2022:
2013:
1995:Ostrobothnians
1988:
1972:
1913:Finnish tribes
1908:
1905:
1883:, 1.1% to the
1754:
1751:
1735:Slash-and-burn
1718:
1715:
1677:Sami languages
1631:
1628:
1586:
1583:
1559:
1556:
1495:Finland Proper
1237:Main article:
1234:
1231:
1218:Finnish Swedes
1189:
1188:
1139:
1137:
1130:
1124:
1121:
984:Finnish people
975:
974:
972:
971:
964:
957:
949:
946:
945:
944:
943:
928:
927:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
897:
891:
890:
889:
886:
885:
882:
881:
879:National parks
876:
870:
866:
865:
864:
861:
860:
857:
856:
846:
841:
835:
829:
828:
827:
824:
823:
820:
819:
814:
809:
803:
797:
796:
795:
792:
791:
785:
784:
778:
777:
774:
773:
768:
762:
756:
755:
754:
751:
750:
744:
743:
737:
736:
730:
729:
719:
718:
712:
711:
705:
704:
699:
698:
693:
688:
686:Finlandization
683:
682:
681:
676:
671:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
635:
634:
624:
619:
614:
608:
607:
606:
600:
599:
598:
595:
594:
586:
585:
577:
576:
564:
563:
550:
549:
514:
513:
509:
508:
495:Predominantly
492:
491:
487:
486:
476:
475:
471:
470:
467:
466:
463:
457:
456:
453:
447:
446:
443:
437:
436:
433:
427:
426:
423:
417:
416:
413:
407:
406:
403:
397:
396:
393:
387:
386:
383:
377:
376:
373:
367:
366:
363:
357:
356:
353:
347:
346:
343:
337:
336:
333:
327:
326:
323:
317:
316:
313:
312:
309:
302:
301:
298:
292:
291:
288:
282:
281:
278:
272:
271:
268:
262:
261:
258:
252:
251:
248:
242:
241:
238:
232:
231:
228:
222:
221:
216:(up to 40,000
210:
204:
203:
200:
198:United Kingdom
194:
193:
190:
184:
183:
165:
159:
158:
155:
149:
148:
125:
119:
118:
115:
109:
108:
95:
89:
88:
85:
79:
78:
73:
58:
57:
53:
52:
43:
42:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7176:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7146:
7144:
7126:
7121:
7118:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7082:
7078:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7058:
7056:
7054:
7050:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7035:
7033:
7031:
7027:
7019:
7016:
7015:
7014:
7011:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7002:
6999:
6998:
6996:
6994:
6990:
6983:
6982:
6978:
6975:
6974:
6970:
6967:
6966:
6962:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6948:
6945:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6932:
6929:
6928:
6927:
6924:
6923:
6921:
6919:
6915:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6898:Southern Sámi
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6883:Northern Sámi
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6861:
6857:
6848:
6847:
6843:
6842:
6840:
6839:
6835:
6830:
6829:
6825:
6824:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6812:
6808:
6804:
6801:
6800:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6776:Ingrian Finns
6774:
6772:
6769:
6768:
6767:
6764:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6751:
6750:
6747:
6744:
6743:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6734:
6730:
6726:
6718:
6713:
6711:
6706:
6704:
6699:
6698:
6695:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6674:
6669:
6665:
6662:
6658:
6655:
6651:
6650:
6646:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6619:
6616:
6615:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6587:
6586:
6582:
6581:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6449:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6408:Ship-building
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6357:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6325:
6322:
6321:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6249:
6246:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6205:
6202:
6201:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6156:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6144:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6046:
6042:
6038:
6034:
6027:
6022:
6020:
6015:
6013:
6008:
6007:
6004:
5998:
5994:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5967:
5963:
5954:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5920:
5913:
5910:
5905:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5875:
5871:
5864:
5861:
5856:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5838:
5834:
5831:(4): 844–52.
5830:
5826:
5822:
5815:
5812:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5784:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5766:
5765:Ann Hum Genet
5759:
5751:
5748:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5715:
5707:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5693:
5687:
5684:
5671:
5667:
5663:
5657:
5654:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5627:
5624:
5621:
5617:
5614:
5608:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5580:
5572:
5569:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5542:
5539:
5536:
5532:
5528:
5522:
5519:
5514:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5478:
5474:
5471:(10): e3519.
5470:
5466:
5462:
5454:
5452:
5448:
5435:
5431:
5424:
5421:
5408:
5404:
5400:
5394:
5391:
5386:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5352:
5348:
5344:
5340:
5336:
5329:
5326:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5298:
5295:
5291:
5286:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5194:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5173:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5132:
5129:
5124:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5089:(2): e16747.
5088:
5084:
5080:
5073:
5071:
5067:
5062:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5011:
5008:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4961:
4953:
4950:
4946:
4941:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4900:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4846:
4843:
4838:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4786:
4778:
4775:
4770:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4701:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4651:
4648:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4600:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4569:
4566:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4519:
4516:
4510:
4508:
4504:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4484:(2): 207–15.
4483:
4479:
4472:
4469:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4442:
4439:
4434:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4368:
4363:
4357:
4349:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4230:
4228:951-35-3386-7
4224:
4220:
4213:
4210:
4205:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4181:
4178:
4174:
4164:
4158:
4142:
4135:
4132:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4101:
4098:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4070:
4067:
4062:
4056:
4052:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4028:
4024:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3976:
3970:
3966:
3959:
3956:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3926:
3921:
3915:
3899:
3895:
3894:vesta.narc.fi
3891:
3885:
3882:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3816:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3750:
3746:
3745:Länsi-Uusimaa
3742:
3736:
3733:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3668:
3664:
3663:Stats.govt.nz
3660:
3654:
3651:
3638:
3634:
3628:
3625:
3612:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3586:
3582:
3576:
3573:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3547:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3521:
3505:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3476:
3472:
3466:
3463:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3359:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3333:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3307:
3294:
3290:
3284:
3281:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3254:
3251:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3186:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3143:
3130:
3126:
3120:
3117:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3056:
3052:
3046:
3043:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3011:
3008:
2995:
2991:
2990:Regjeringa.no
2987:
2980:
2977:
2964:
2960:
2953:
2950:
2937:
2933:
2925:
2922:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2862:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2740:
2737:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2669:
2658:
2655:
2648:
2644:
2643:List of Finns
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2580:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2553:pseudoscience
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2459:
2452:
2450:
2444:
2434:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2325:haplogroup U5
2322:
2318:
2317:Y-chromosomal
2314:
2313:mitochondrial
2305:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2215:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2181:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2164:
2161:
2155:
2150:
2149:Ingrian Finns
2147:
2143:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2042:
2037:
2034:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1893:Ingrian Finns
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1873:Martin Luther
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1728:
1723:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1665:
1661:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1418:Northern Sami
1414:
1413:
1407:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1264:
1254:
1250:
1247:19th century
1245:
1240:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1197:
1185:
1182:
1174:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1140:This section
1138:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1117:United States
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1074:
1073:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1036:Ingrian Finns
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1005:Baltic Finnic
1001:
993:
989:
985:
981:
970:
965:
963:
958:
956:
951:
950:
948:
947:
942:
932:
931:
930:
929:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
894:
888:
887:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
863:
862:
854:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
832:
826:
825:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
800:
794:
793:
790:
786:
783:
779:
772:
769:
767:
764:
763:
759:
753:
752:
749:
745:
742:
738:
735:
731:
728:
724:
720:
717:
713:
710:
706:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
666:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
633:
630:
629:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
609:
603:
597:
596:
592:
588:
587:
583:
578:
574:
570:
569:
561:
551:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
488:
485:
481:
477:
472:
464:
462:
458:
454:
452:
448:
444:
442:
438:
435:573 (in 2013)
434:
432:
428:
424:
422:
418:
414:
412:
408:
404:
402:
398:
394:
392:
388:
384:
382:
378:
374:
372:
368:
364:
362:
358:
354:
352:
348:
344:
342:
338:
334:
332:
328:
324:
322:
318:
314:
307:
303:
299:
297:
293:
289:
287:
283:
279:
277:
273:
269:
267:
263:
259:
257:
253:
249:
247:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
227:
223:
211:
209:
205:
202:15,000–30,000
201:
199:
195:
192:33,000 (2022)
191:
189:
185:
179:
174:
167:15,000–60,000
166:
164:
160:
156:
154:
150:
144:
143:Ingrian Finns
133:
126:
124:
120:
116:
114:
110:
104:
96:
94:
90:
86:
84:
83:United States
80:
72:
64:
59:
54:
51:
44:
39:
36:
26:
22:
7159:Baltic Finns
6979:
6971:
6963:
6941:Eastern Mari
6844:
6836:
6826:
6809:
6786:Tornedalians
6771:Forest Finns
6765:
6740:
6733:Baltic Finns
6668:Bibliography
6585:The Kalevala
6584:
6559:Coat of arms
6544:Architecture
6488:
6479:Demographics
6403:Nordic model
6377:Central bank
6299:Human rights
6279:Constitution
5926:
5922:
5912:
5877:
5873:
5863:
5828:
5824:
5814:
5804:16 September
5802:. Retrieved
5764:
5750:
5717:
5713:
5706:
5686:
5674:. Retrieved
5665:
5656:
5644:. Retrieved
5635:
5626:
5611:(in Finnish)
5606:
5589:
5576:(in Finnish)
5571:
5559:. Retrieved
5550:
5541:
5526:
5521:
5468:
5464:
5438:. Retrieved
5434:the original
5423:
5411:. Retrieved
5402:
5393:
5342:
5338:
5328:
5316:. Retrieved
5307:
5297:
5288:
5242:
5238:
5207:
5203:
5145:
5141:
5131:
5086:
5082:
5027:(12): 1491.
5024:
5020:
5010:
4967:
4963:
4952:
4943:
4916:(1): 16883.
4913:
4909:
4859:
4855:
4845:
4792:
4788:
4777:
4726:
4722:
4665:
4661:
4650:
4609:
4605:
4573:
4568:
4533:
4529:
4518:
4481:
4477:
4471:
4459:. Retrieved
4450:
4441:
4396:
4392:
4289:(5): e5472.
4286:
4282:
4255:. Retrieved
4246:
4237:
4218:
4212:
4207:listed here.
4199:(in Finnish)
4195:(in Finnish)
4180:
4172:
4169:(in Finnish)
4145:. Retrieved
4134:
4128:(in Finnish)
4112:
4104:
4100:
4088:. Retrieved
4084:the original
4079:
4069:
4050:
4022:
3994:
3964:
3958:
3946:. Retrieved
3937:
3928:
3902:. Retrieved
3898:the original
3893:
3884:
3875:
3870:(in Finnish)
3841:. Retrieved
3832:
3810:the original
3805:
3787:
3770:
3769:"Finn noun"
3765:
3753:. Retrieved
3744:
3735:
3723:. Retrieved
3715:"Population"
3709:
3697:. Retrieved
3683:
3671:. Retrieved
3662:
3653:
3641:. Retrieved
3627:
3615:. Retrieved
3601:
3589:. Retrieved
3575:
3563:. Retrieved
3549:
3537:. Retrieved
3523:
3511:. Retrieved
3491:
3479:. Retrieved
3465:
3453:. Retrieved
3439:
3427:. Retrieved
3413:
3401:. Retrieved
3387:
3375:. Retrieved
3361:
3349:. Retrieved
3335:
3323:. Retrieved
3309:
3297:. Retrieved
3283:
3271:. Retrieved
3262:
3253:
3241:. Retrieved
3237:the original
3227:
3215:. Retrieved
3201:
3189:. Retrieved
3175:
3163:. Retrieved
3154:
3145:
3133:. Retrieved
3119:
3107:. Retrieved
3103:the original
3093:
3081:. Retrieved
3071:
3059:. Retrieved
3045:
3033:. Retrieved
3019:
3010:
2998:. Retrieved
2989:
2979:
2967:. Retrieved
2963:the original
2952:
2940:. Retrieved
2924:
2912:. Retrieved
2894:
2882:. Retrieved
2873:
2864:
2852:. Retrieved
2848:the original
2841:
2832:
2822:26 September
2820:. Retrieved
2802:
2794:
2787:. Retrieved
2769:
2757:. Retrieved
2739:
2727:. Retrieved
2709:
2699:
2692:. Retrieved
2684:"Population"
2678:
2657:
2564:
2520:
2495:
2493:
2478:
2467:
2439:
2403:
2375:
2364:
2360:haplogroup N
2354:(5–6%), and
2350:(26.2–28%),
2346:(58–60.4%),
2341:
2310:
2273:Sweden Finns
2270:
2261:
2250:kainuulaiset
2199:
2188:
2175:Sweden Finns
2125:Forest Finns
2113:Tornedalians
2101:kainuulaiset
2096:Kainuu Finns
1991:Ostrobothnia
1963:Finns proper
1930:
1926:
1924:
1921:Sweden Finns
1907:Subdivisions
1854:
1840:bear worship
1800:Christianity
1798:
1766:Bishop Henry
1732:
1689:Proto-Finnic
1681:Proto-Uralic
1669:
1624:
1616:
1588:
1547:
1538:, a Swedish
1527:
1513:
1508:
1505:Petri Kallio
1454:Proto-Baltic
1381:are cognates
1377:
1373:
1369:
1290:Scridefinnum
1258:
1227:Tornedalians
1223:World War II
1216:
1213:Sweden Finns
1212:
1210:
1192:
1177:
1168:
1153:Please help
1141:
1094:
1040:
1028:Tornedalians
1020:Forest Finns
1008:ethnic group
983:
979:
978:
906:Coat of arms
766:Architecture
708:
556:
547:Tornedalians
526:Baltic Finns
524:, and other
173:Forest Finns
103:Tornedalians
61:
49:
34:
28:Ethnic group
25:
7123: [
6930:Meadow Mari
6918:Volga Finns
6873:Kildin Sámi
6372:Agriculture
6216:Urban areas
6120:Lapland War
6085:Grand Duchy
6080:Finnish War
5345:(1): 9500.
5245:(1): 5018.
4729:(1): 7214.
4257:28 December
3699:26 February
3673:25 December
3643:26 February
3617:26 February
3565:26 February
3539:26 February
3481:26 February
3455:26 February
3429:26 February
3403:26 February
3377:26 February
3351:26 February
3325:26 February
3299:26 February
3243:26 February
3217:26 February
3135:26 February
3109:26 February
3061:26 February
2884:24 February
2854:24 February
2789:29 February
2555:, and even
2500:Kalevi Wiik
2333:Sami people
2311:The use of
2256:karjalaiset
2232:lappilaiset
2226:pohjalaiset
2205: [
2200:Journalist
2062:karjalaiset
2041:lappilaiset
2000:pohjalaiset
1945:nationalism
1789: [
1770:Lake Köyliö
1664:Väinämöinen
1660:R. W. Ekman
1619:Finno-Ugric
1524:rune stones
1516:Old English
1452:') and
1389:Norse sagas
1323:Old English
1284:Skrithfinni
1205:suomalainen
1196:suomalaiset
1123:Terminology
1113:New Zealand
1038:in Russia.
992:suomalaiset
679:Lapland War
644:Grand Duchy
639:Finnish War
529:Especially
501:irreligious
497:Lutheranism
431:New Zealand
335:1,500–2,000
266:Switzerland
246:Netherlands
171:(including
101:(including
50:6–7 million
35:Suomalaiset
7143:Categories
7053:Hungarians
7030:Ob-Ugrians
7006:Izhma Komi
6893:Skolt Sámi
6868:Inari Sámi
6579:Literature
6494:Healthcare
6331:Parliament
6294:Government
6110:Winter War
6063:Cudgel War
6053:Prehistory
5985:Folktinget
4399:(1): 139.
4147:13 January
4090:9 February
3904:15 January
3165:27 January
3083:10 January
2969:16 January
2670:References
2559:political
2244:savolaiset
2220:hämäläiset
2085:savolaiset
1984:hämäläiset
1979:Tavastians
1927:kantasuomi
1911:See also:
1849:suomenusko
1782:Ruokolahti
1727:Lapinlahti
1717:Livelihood
1709:, and the
1634:See also:
1612:Baltic Sea
1562:See also:
1544:Baltic Sea
1034:, and the
1010:native to
853:Superpesis
844:Ice hockey
812:Television
782:Literature
669:Winter War
622:Cudgel War
612:Prehistory
130:(with all
7099:Nganasans
7071:Magyarabs
7018:Besermans
6973:Meshchera
6933:Hill Mari
6888:Pite Sámi
6878:Lule Sámi
6811:Livonians
6798:Karelians
6793:Izhorians
6749:Estonians
6742:Bjarmians
6603:Mythology
6499:Languages
6484:Education
6438:Transport
6341:President
6304:Judiciary
6284:Elections
6241:Jyväskylä
6194:Provinces
6147:Geography
6100:Civil War
5666:Kaltio.fi
5636:Kaltio.fi
5590:Virittäjä
5495:1932-6203
5440:17 August
5367:2045-2322
5267:2041-1723
5216:0012-7183
5043:2073-4425
4986:0960-9822
4878:0960-9822
4819:1932-6203
4751:2045-2322
4682:1476-5438
4626:1089-8646
4552:1018-4813
4415:1474-7596
4313:1932-6203
4111:", but a
3948:3 January
3497:"Sefstat"
3273:20 August
3035:7 January
2662:identity.
2557:alt-right
2504:phonetics
2411:Nganasans
2367:Karelians
2329:Estonians
2285:Meänkieli
2080:Savonians
1959:Satakunta
1901:Karelians
1897:Izhorians
1249:Fennomans
1233:Etymology
1171:June 2021
1142:does not
1105:Australia
1062:Hungarian
867:Monuments
849:Pesäpallo
741:Festivals
723:Mythology
716:Languages
659:Civil War
535:Izhorians
531:Karelians
474:Languages
451:Argentina
411:Singapore
153:Australia
132:Karelians
7109:Kamasins
7081:Samoyeds
7066:Székelys
6993:Permians
6947:Mordvins
6908:Ume Sámi
6903:Ter Sámi
6828:Kreevins
6817:Vepsians
6677:Category
6574:Folklore
6516:Religion
6464:Abortion
6423:Taxation
6413:Startups
6393:Industry
6319:Military
6262:Politics
6248:Wildlife
6221:Helsinki
6037:articles
5993:Archived
5953:22560092
5904:15382008
5855:11517423
5795:Archived
5791:10824631
5783:11281278
5742:11073453
5695:Archived
5676:17 March
5670:Archived
5646:17 March
5640:Archived
5616:Archived
5609:4/2001.
5582:Archived
5555:Archived
5513:18949038
5465:PLOS ONE
5413:1 August
5407:Archived
5385:25833680
5318:1 August
5312:Archived
5285:30479341
5204:Duodecim
5172:19061986
5123:21347369
5083:PLOS ONE
5061:33322364
5002:16945780
4994:18691889
4940:31729399
4886:36513080
4837:26332464
4789:PLOS ONE
4769:35508562
4700:32712624
4642:85455300
4634:30902755
4606:Genomics
4560:17149388
4498:16644145
4461:8 August
4455:Archived
4433:30241495
4356:cite web
4331:19424496
4283:PLOS ONE
4251:Archived
4188:Archived
4157:cite web
4120:Archived
3942:Archived
3914:cite web
3864:Archived
3843:17 March
3837:Archived
3777:Archived
3749:Archived
3719:Archived
3693:Archived
3667:Archived
3637:Archived
3611:Archived
3591:4 August
3585:Archived
3559:Archived
3533:Archived
3504:Archived
3475:Archived
3449:Archived
3423:Archived
3397:Archived
3371:Archived
3345:Archived
3319:Archived
3293:Archived
3267:Archived
3211:Archived
3191:4 August
3185:Archived
3159:Archived
3129:Archived
3055:Archived
3029:Archived
2994:Archived
2936:Archived
2908:Archived
2878:Archived
2816:Archived
2783:Archived
2759:29 April
2753:Archived
2729:17 March
2723:Archived
2688:Archived
2576:See also
2529:Germanic
2415:Iron Age
2407:Siberian
2331:and the
2299:Genetics
2049:Eastern
1975:Tavastia
1951:Western
1935:Iron Age
1753:Religion
1675:and the
1630:Language
1578:Tuukkala
1574:Iron Age
1548:finlandi
1483:meaning
1478:(zemlja)
1450:Tavastia
1329:fanthian
1054:Karelian
1050:Estonian
1003:) are a
839:Football
748:Religion
727:folklore
573:a series
571:Part of
539:Vepsians
507:minority
490:Religion
484:dialects
482:and its
371:Portugal
331:Thailand
7104:Selkups
7061:Csángós
7013:Udmurts
6965:Meryans
6957:Mokshas
6654:Outline
6564:Cuisine
6531:Culture
6509:Swedish
6504:Finnish
6452:Society
6433:Tourism
6360:Economy
6226:Tampere
6199:Regions
6174:Islands
6169:Geology
6045:History
6033:Finland
5944:3376494
5895:1182122
5846:1226069
5722:Bibcode
5714:Science
5561:22 July
5504:2567036
5473:Bibcode
5376:4382708
5347:Bibcode
5276:6258758
5247:Bibcode
5163:2668058
5114:3036708
5091:Bibcode
5052:7763979
4931:6858343
4828:4558026
4797:Bibcode
4760:9068624
4731:Bibcode
4691:7575549
4424:6151024
4322:2675054
4291:Bibcode
3755:26 July
3000:6 March
2512:Ice age
2506:at the
2496:refugia
2482:ice age
2474:Siberia
2379:Udmurts
2277:Finnish
2142:kveenit
2076:Savonia
2053:Karelia
2036:Lapland
1818:Perkele
1795:in 1882
1711:kantele
1608:Daugava
1604:Dnieper
1585:Origins
1558:History
1552:G 319 M
1542:in the
1536:Gotland
1528:finlont
1520:Widsith
1428:Finnish
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1310:finthan
1271:Phinnoi
1163:removed
1148:sources
1081:
1048:, e.g.
1042:Finnish
1012:Finland
988:Finnish
893:Symbols
734:Cuisine
602:History
480:Finnish
461:Uruguay
455:150–200
381:Austria
361:Ireland
296:Belgium
286:Denmark
226:Estonia
188:Germany
127:127,600
117:143,645
87:653,222
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7120:Mators
7114:Yurats
7089:Nenets
7038:Khanty
6981:Muroma
6952:Erzyas
6682:Portal
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3802:"Finn"
3513:28 May
2942:5 July
2914:1 June
2565:Kaltio
2561:biases
2535:, and
2533:Slavic
2525:Celtic
2521:became
2516:Basque
2391:Swedes
2214:heimos
2092:Kainuu
1940:heimos
1919:, and
1831:haltia
1809:Jumala
1673:Finnic
1597:, and
1540:island
1467:Slavic
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1296:Uralic
1281:, and
1278:Finnum
1225:, and
1109:Canada
1097:Sweden
1032:Sweden
1026:, the
1024:Norway
817:Cinema
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709:People
575:on the
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441:Cyprus
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321:Greece
300:3,000
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5806:2019
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5678:2015
5648:2015
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3906:2022
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3727:2016
3701:2018
3675:2017
3645:2018
3619:2018
3593:2022
3567:2018
3541:2018
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3483:2018
3457:2018
3431:2018
3405:2018
3379:2018
3353:2018
3327:2018
3301:2018
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3245:2018
3219:2018
3193:2022
3167:2022
3137:2018
3111:2018
3085:2024
3063:2018
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3002:2008
2971:2014
2944:2016
2916:2016
2886:2016
2856:2016
2824:2020
2791:2016
2761:2021
2731:2015
2696:2016
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