745:
733:
769:
697:
709:
757:
42:
721:
376:
64:
366:
in a critical 2019 review of the temporal method for the classification of lichen-forming fungi, using these specific examples to highlight several drawbacks of this approach. He noted "there is substantial loss of information content in this alternative classification at the second most important
361:
from the
Graphidaceae and instead as placing it as the type genus of Fissurinaceae, a family originally proposed by Brendan P. Hodkinson in 2012. They similarly suggested recognizing Diploschistaceae and Thelotremataceae as independent families. This taxonomic proposal was rejected by
2000:
LĂŒcking, Robert; Tehler, Anders; Bungartz, Frank; Rivas Plata, Eimy; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2013). "Journey from the west: did tropical
Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) evolve from a saxicolous ancestor along the American Pacific Coast?".
2679:
Norman, J.M. (1852). "Conatus praemissus redactionis novae generum nonnullorum
Lichenum in organis fructificationes vel sporis fundatae" [Preliminary attempt at a new arrangement of certain genera of lichens based on fruiting bodies or spores].
2120:
Kraichak, Ekaphan; Huang, Jen-Pan; Nelsen, Matthew; Leavitt, Steven D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2018). "A revised classification of orders and families in the two major subclasses of
Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) based on a temporal approach".
367:
rank, the level of family, and such a revised classification is practically meaningless. It makes more sense to apply such essentially phylogenetic classifications, with less information content, to infraranks, such as subfamily or tribe".
3824:
1790:
LĂŒcking, Robert; Hodkinson, Brendan P.; Leavitt, Steven D. (2017). "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the
Ascomycota and BasidiomycotaâApproaching one thousand genera".
2837:, a new genus in the lichen-forming family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Lecanoromycetes: Ostropales) with disjunct distribution in Southeastern North America and Southeast Asia".
681:, there are 94 genera and more than 2100 species in Graphidaceae. In terms of number of species, Graphidaceae is the second-largest family of lichen-forming fungi, after the
1828:
LĂŒcking, Robert (2019). "Stop the abuse of time! Strict temporal banding is not the future of rank-based classifications in fungi (including lichens) and other organisms".
669:
hotspot of undiscovered
Graphidaceae species, with about 430 species predicted to occur in tropical regions, compared to less than 200 recorded in the entire country.
3680:
2459:"Phylogenetic classification at generic level in the absence of distinct phylogenetic patterns of phenotypical variation: a case study in Graphidaceae (Ascomycota)"
3391:"Morphology-based phylogenetic binning to assess a taxonomic challenge: a case study in Graphidaceae (Ascomycota) requires a new generic name for the widespread
3732:
1760:
Rivas Plata, Eimy; LĂŒcking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2011). "A new classification for the family
Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Lecanoromycetes: Ostropales)".
3576:
2357:
Histoire des
Graphidées, accompagné d'un tableau analytique des genres. Ouvrage renfermant des observations anatomiques et physiologiques sur ces végétaux
2521:"Two new genera and twelve new species of Graphidaceae from Puerto Rico: a case for higher endemism of lichenized fungi in islands of the Caribbean?"
3654:
3693:
2626:
Hyde, Kevin D.; Tennakoon, Danushka S.; Jeewon, Rajesh; Bhat, D. Jayarama; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Rossi, Walter; et al. (2019).
319:
Subfamily
Redonographoideae, proposed by LĂŒcking and colleagues in 2013, has since been promoted to familial status (as the monogeneric family
267:
3435:
3195:
2302:
1981:
1918:
2174:
Bungartz, Frank; LĂŒcking, Robert; Aptroot, AndrĂ© (2010). "The family
Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Lecanoromycetes) in the Galapagos Islands".
2744:, two new genera to accommodate temperate to subtropical species in the predominantly tropical Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota)".
2627:
1913:. Vol. 1/2 (13 ed.). Berlin Stuttgart: Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Borntraeger Science Publishers. p. 141.
3814:
2238:
Miranda-GonzĂĄlez, Ricardo; LĂŒcking, Robert; Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Ăngeles Herrera-Campos, MarĂa de los (2020). "The new genus
2201:
LĂŒcking, Robert; Johnston, Mark K.; Aptroot, AndrĂ©; Kraichak, Ekaphan; Lendemer, James C.; Boonpragob, Kansri; et al. (2014).
601:
The ascospores of Graphidaceae number primarily 8 per ascus but can often be reduced to 2â4 or 1 per ascus. They are transversely
3781:
3819:
2660:
Kalb, Klaus; Archer, Alan W.; Sutjaritturakan, Jutarat; Boonpragob, Kansri (2009). "New or otherwise interesting lichens V".
3698:
744:
732:
3719:
2802:
LĂŒcking, Robert; Rivas Plata, Eimy; Kalb, Klaus; Common, Ralph S.; Barcenas Peña, Alejandrina; Duya, Melizar V. (2011). "
3389:
LĂŒcking, Robert; Mangold, Armin; Rivas Plata, Eimy; Parnmen, Sittiporn; Kraichak, Ekaphan; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2015).
63:
2036:
Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, LKT; Dolatabadi, S; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020).
351:. In 2018, Kraichak and colleagues, using a "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific
3737:
3370:
Vainio, Edvard A. (1921). "Lichenes insularum Philippinarum III" [Lichens of the Philippine Islands III].
3281:
Kantvilas, Gintaras; VÄzda, AntonĂn (2000). "Studies on the lichen family Thelotremataceae in Tasmania. The genus
768:
696:
2628:"Fungal diversity notes 1036â1150: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa"
251:
2806:(Ascomycota: Graphidaceae), an enigmatic new genus of tropical lichenized fungi dedicated to Mason E. Hale Jr".
708:
3829:
756:
633:
and lens-shaped to rounded lumina. This particular set of features is known as "graphidoid". The spores can be
627:
619:
607:
592:
584:
566:
558:
550:
542:
534:
522:
510:
502:
494:
486:
478:
470:
462:
454:
446:
438:
430:
422:
390:
41:
2421:"Assembling a taxonomic monograph of tribe Wirthiotremateae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)"
381:
2571:
Rivas Plata, Eimy; LĂŒcking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2012). "Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the
737:
3149:
761:
720:
3529:
3032:
Frisch, A.; Kalb, K. (2006). "A monograph of Thelotremataceae with a complex structure of the columella".
2202:
1906:
749:
296:
773:
335:
with Graphidaceae in 2008, after molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the families formed several
3809:
2081:"Molecular phylogeny suggests synonymy of Thelotremataceae within Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales)"
50:
3773:
2325:"Remarkable diversity of the lichen family Graphidaceae in the Amazon rain forest of RondĂŽnia, Brazil"
3786:
3747:
3602:
2470:
1976:]. Bibliotheca Lichenologica (in German). Vol. 85. Berlin/Stuttgart: J. Cramer. p. 98.
1837:
662:
3646:
2355:
2203:"One hundred and seventy-five new species of Graphidaceae: closing the gap or a drop in the bucket?"
3314:"A new classification for the lichen family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Lecanoromycetes: Ostropales)"
2419:
Medeiros, Ian D.; Kraichak, Ekaphan; LĂŒcking, Robert; Mangold, Armin; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2017).
725:
701:
690:
529:
402:
375:
336:
3001:
Mangold, A.; MartĂn, M.P.; Kalb, K.; LĂŒcking, R.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2008). "Molecular data show that
3124:
LĂŒcking, Robert; Chaves, JosĂ© Luis; Sipman, Harrie J.M.; Umaña, Loengrin; Aptroot, AndrĂ© (2008).
2102:
1807:
925:
713:
665:, where they are among the most diverse of the crustose lichens there. Mexico is thought to be a
613:(elongated and divided into multiple compartments by transverse and longitudinal septa), usually
573:
332:
255:
179:
58:
3344:
2771:
Rivas Plata, E.; LĂŒcking, R.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2012). "Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the
1299:
991:
3567:
2372:
3755:
3589:
3431:
3191:
2498:
2298:
2018:
1977:
1924:
1914:
1871:
1518:
1024:
678:
363:
3685:
3760:
3510:
3406:
3325:
3294:
3243:
3145:
3072:
3014:
2960:
2929:
2846:
2815:
2784:
2753:
2642:
2584:
2532:
2488:
2478:
2432:
2336:
2251:
2217:
2183:
2130:
2092:
2059:
2049:
2010:
1845:
1799:
1769:
1167:
1145:
958:
320:
272:
231:
147:
343:
lineage. This study also showed that many genera in Graphidaceae and Thelotremataceae were
3430:. Vol. 57. Australian Biological Resources Study/CSIRO Publishing. pp. 653â659.
3125:
3059:, two new genera in Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales) for chroodiscoid species in the
3051:
Parnmen, Sittiporn; CĂĄceres, Marcela E.S.; LĂŒcking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2013). "
2420:
1430:
1397:
1046:
903:
417:
105:
2187:
637:(colourless) to (dark) brown, and the endospore is often amyloid. Graphidaceae also have
3633:
2474:
2149:
1841:
3641:
2493:
2458:
1101:
848:
804:
686:
352:
3581:
3126:"A first assessment of the ticolichen biodiversity inventory in Costa Rica: The genus
2736:
Kraichak, Ekaphan; Parnmen, Sittiporn; LĂŒcking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2013). "
3803:
3490:
3313:
3190:. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. Vol. 64. Berlin/Stuttgart: J. Cramer. p. 129.
2833:
Nelsen, Matthew P.; LĂŒcking, Robert; Plata, Eimy Rivas; Mbatchou, Joelle S. (2010). "
2324:
1606:
1595:
1573:
1507:
1408:
1386:
1309:
1277:
1068:
1035:
782:
2979:
2242:(Lecanoromycetes: Graphidaceae) and new insights into subfamily Redonographoideae".
2054:
2037:
3594:
3248:
3231:
2892:
2270:
1943:
1876:
1866:
1716:
1617:
1562:
1496:
1463:
1419:
1364:
1002:
980:
969:
826:
793:
682:
666:
340:
291:
In 2002, German lichenologist Bettina Staiger revised the Graphidaceae family in a
3186:
Aptroot, André; Diederich, Paul; Sérusiaux, Emmanuel; Sipman, Harrie J.M. (1997).
1970:
Die Flechtenfamilie Graphidaceae: Studien in Richtung einer natĂŒrlichen Gliederung
1849:
452:(round or oval-shaped structure and embedded in the substrate), but can be rarely
3467:
3164:
2483:
540:(covered with small spines or projections at the tips), and there may be lateral
479:
3724:
3667:
3561:
3076:
2850:
2537:
2520:
2255:
2134:
2079:
Mangold, Armin; MartĂn, MarĂa P.; LĂŒcking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2008).
1803:
1705:
1694:
1672:
1628:
1584:
1452:
1375:
1353:
1331:
1320:
1266:
1233:
1211:
1134:
1090:
1013:
947:
892:
881:
870:
859:
837:
397:
243:
190:
115:
3552:
2912:
CĂĄceres, Marcela Eugenia da Silva; Rivas Plata, Eimy; LĂŒcking, Robert (2012). "
2646:
2340:
2221:
1952:] (in French). Vol. 1822. Tournay: C. Casterman-Dieu. pp. 69, 78.
487:
3514:
3329:
3018:
2964:
2933:
2819:
2323:
CĂĄceres, Marcela; Aptroot, AndrĂ©; Parnmen, Sittiporn; LĂŒcking, Robert (2014).
1773:
1683:
1650:
1639:
1551:
1540:
1529:
1485:
1441:
1342:
1255:
1244:
1189:
1123:
1079:
914:
815:
139:
95:
2436:
1928:
551:
447:
17:
3628:
3615:
1474:
1288:
1200:
1178:
1112:
658:
614:
543:
511:
431:
408:
357:
348:
344:
292:
278:
75:
3298:
2951:, a new lichen genus in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales)".
2502:
2022:
628:
503:
463:
455:
391:
2607:
Massalongo, A.B. (1860). "Esame comparativo di alcune genere di licheni".
2552:
Massalongo, A.B. (1860). "Esame comparativo di alcune genere di licheni".
620:
535:
495:
439:
423:
295:, proposing a new classification of genera that was widely accepted until
3706:
3546:
2150:"An evolving phylogenetically based taxonomy of lichens and allied fungi"
1661:
1156:
1057:
638:
608:
593:
578:
523:
284:
214:
2106:
2014:
1911:
Syllabus of Plant Families: Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien
1811:
585:
471:
3232:"Materiaux pour une flore lichenologique du Bresil, II: Les Graphidées"
2788:
2588:
2064:
1727:
1222:
654:
642:
634:
567:
413:
199:
130:
3672:
3411:
3390:
1974:
The lichen family Graphidaceae: studies towards a natural organization
661:(i.e. they grow only on plants). Forty-two species are known from the
559:
2097:
2080:
936:
602:
254:, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically
247:
235:
153:
85:
3711:
3659:
3523:
3265:
Ensayo sobre las variedades de la vid comun que vegetan en Andalucia
3213:
Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de GenÚve
2757:
3620:
3426:
Mangold, A.; Elix, J.A.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2009). "Thelotremataceae".
2519:
Mercado-DĂaz, Joel A.; LĂŒcking, Robert; Parnmen, Sittiporn (2014).
3768:
3090:
Tibell, L. (1984). "A reappraisal of the taxonomy of Caliciales".
2947:
LĂŒcking, R.; Sittiporn Parnmen, H.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2012). "
2457:
Parnmen, Sittiporn; LĂŒcking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2012).
767:
755:
743:
731:
719:
707:
695:
517:
428:
it grows on. The form of the ascomata of Graphidaceae are usually
374:
239:
3111:
Nebenstudien meiner BeschÀftigungen im Gebiete der Pflanzenkunde
653:
The vast majority of Graphidaceae species are restricted to the
3527:
2233:
2231:
3607:
3276:
3274:
2982:[Systematic overview of the lichens of New Zealand].
2397:
Kalb, K. (2004). "New or otherwise interesting lichens. II".
556:, which means they have a ring structure protruding into the
689:(943 species). The following list gives the genus name, its
468:
formed by the disintegration of the asci). They are usually
2716:
Essai sur les cryptogames des Ă©corces exotiques officinales
2514:
2512:
3499:
group (Ascomycota: Ostropales: thelotremoid Graphidaceae)"
2360:(in French). Paris: Firmin Didot PĂšre et fils. p. 16.
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
3489:
Rivas Plata, Eimy; Kalb, Klaus; Frisch, Andreas (2010).
3349:
in Australia and remarks on Australian Thelotremataceae"
266:
Graphidaceae was originally proposed by French botanist
3150:
10.3158/0015-0746(2008)46[1:afaott]2.0.co;2
2731:
2729:
2414:
2412:
2373:"New taxa and new records of thelotremoid Graphidaceae"
2297:. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. Vol. 92. p. 77.
528:, rarely branched and anastomosing paraphyses. In some
299:
studies led to a further reorganization of the family.
2899:
Compendium of Genera and Species of Cryptogamic Plants
2452:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2275:(1 ed.). Minneapolis: H.W. Wilson Co. p. 59.
1905:
Jaklitsch, Walter; Baral, Hans-Otto; LĂŒcking, Robert;
645:, which are non-septate, usually oblong, and hyaline.
250:
and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a
2868:: Monografie einer unerkannten Flechtengattung" [
1995:
1993:
1785:
1783:
985:
M.CĂĄceres, S.C.Feuerst., Aptroot & LĂŒcking (2014)
420:, which means it forms a crust-like structure on the
2894:
Sylloge generum specierumque plantarum cryptogamarum
302:
Two subfamilies are recognized in the Graphidaceae:
3536:
2602:
2600:
2598:
3312:Rivas Plata, E.; LĂŒcking, R.; Lumbsch, T. (2012).
2980:"Conspectus systematicus lichenum Novae Zelandiae"
2872:: Monograph of an unrecognised lichen lenus].
693:, year of publication, and the number of species:
576:or amyloid in some lineages, such as in the genus
516:, which is the hyphae and tissue that between the
3825:Taxa named by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier
3005:(Ascomycota, Thelotremataceae) is polyphyletic".
1007:Rivas Plata, Papong, Lumbsch & LĂŒcking (2012)
3188:Lichens and lichenicolous fungi from New Guinea
2775:clade (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)".
2575:clade (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)".
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1823:
1821:
1721:Rivas Plata, Kalb, Frisch & Lumbsch (2010)
2720:Essay on cryptogams of exotic medicinal barks
8:
2295:The lichen family Thelotremataceae in Africa
520:, consists of usually unbranched, sometimes
508:(surrounded by a pale thalline margin). The
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1282:M.CĂĄceres, Rivas Plata & LĂŒcking (2011)
3524:
3236:Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France
2703:(in Latin). Tip. Ramanzini. pp. 1â10.
331:The family Thelotremataceae was placed in
40:
31:
3410:
3247:
3211:MĂŒller, J. (1887). "Graphideae FĂ©eanae".
2920:(Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)".
2536:
2492:
2482:
2096:
2063:
2053:
974:Rivas Plata, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2012)
963:Rivas Plata, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2012)
314:Rivas Plata, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2011)
308:Rivas Plata, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2011)
3399:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
2123:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
1402:Merc.-DĂaz, LĂŒcking & Parnmen (2014)
1205:Nelsen, LĂŒcking & Rivas Plata (2010)
908:Merc.-DĂaz, LĂŒcking & Parnmen (2014)
897:I.Medeiros, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2017)
3134:(Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae)"
2038:"Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa"
1743:
1336:M.CĂĄceres, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2013)
1029:Aptroot, LĂŒcking & M.CĂĄceres (2019)
919:M.CĂĄceres, Aptroot & LĂŒcking (2014)
809:M.CĂĄceres, Aptroot & LĂŒcking (2014)
460:(with a powdery mass of ascospores and
246:. The family contains nearly a hundred
3470:[Some new European Lecideae].
3453:Spighe e Paglie. Scritti Botanici Varj
3372:Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae
1732:Kraichak, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2013)
1128:Kraichak, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2013)
1861:
1859:
1523:Parnmen, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2012)
1501:Parnmen, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2012)
1369:Parnmen, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2013)
1293:LĂŒcking, Parnmen & Lumbsch (2012)
1018:Parnmen, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2012)
886:Parnmen, LĂŒcking & Lumbsch (2012)
396:) of Graphidaceae fungi is typically
7:
3774:2D5EEDB9-A261-877F-1143-7FA452422A5C
3748:80a2dfc9-0a57-4a4a-bd54-240091eba868
2722:] (in French). pp. 35, 110.
3451:Trevisan de Saint-LĂ©on, V. (1853).
2682:Nytt Magazin for Naturvidenskapene
268:Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier
3468:"Lecideae quaedam europaeae novae"
1830:Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
1391:Staiger, Kalb & LĂŒcking (2008)
25:
2609:Atti dell'Istituto Veneto Scienze
2554:Atti dell'Istituto Veneto Scienze
2425:Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences
532:, the paraphyses may be apically
288:were included in the new family.
2188:10.1127/0029-5035/2010/0090-0001
1534:Rivas Plata & LĂŒcking (2012)
1194:Rivas Plata & LĂŒcking (2011)
1139:Rivas Plata & Lumbsch (2012)
685:(2765 species) and ahead of the
657:. Most Graphidaceae species are
62:
3263:Clemente y Rubio, S.R. (1807).
548:in some lineages. The asci are
3249:10.1080/00378941.1874.10827705
3165:"Lichenologische BeitrÀge. XV"
2984:Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier
2901:] (in Latin). p. 363.
2269:Clements, Frederic E. (1909).
2148:Hodkinson, Brendan P. (2012).
1909:(2016). Frey, Wolfgang (ed.).
500:(without a thallus margin) or
339:within one strongly supported
1:
1850:10.1080/07352689.2019.1650517
2746:Australian Systematic Botany
2484:10.1371/journal.pone.0051392
1699:Kantvilas & VÄzda (2000)
1633:Mangold & Lumbsch (2009)
1512:Kantvilas & VÄzda (2000)
1314:Lumbsch & Mangold (2008)
1051:A.W.Archer & Kalb (2009)
952:(MĂŒll.Arg.) MĂŒll.Arg. (1890)
388:The photosynthetic partner (
3077:10.1639/0007-2745-116.2.127
2851:10.1639/0007-2745-113.4.742
2538:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.14
2256:10.1639/0007-2745-123.2.127
1804:10.1639/0007-2745-119.4.361
444:(narrow, and slit-like) or
379:Closeup of the lirellae of
270:in 1822 (as "Graphineae").
3846:
3455:. Vol. 1. p. 13.
3130:, with notes on the genus
3092:Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia
2647:10.1007/s13225-019-00429-2
2341:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.8
2222:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.4
2003:American Journal of Botany
1942:Dumortier, B.C.J. (1822).
617:to oblong, and often have
3515:10.1017/s0024282909990454
3330:10.1007/s13225-011-0135-8
3113:(in German). p. 327.
3034:Bibliotheca Lichenologica
3019:10.1017/S0024282908007366
2965:10.11646/PHYTOTAXA.69.1.1
2934:10.1017/S0024282911000697
2891:Montagne, J.F.C. (1856).
2874:Bibliotheca Lichenologica
2820:10.1017/s0024282911000302
2699:Massalongo, A.B. (1854).
2662:Bibliotheca Lichenologica
2399:Bibliotheca Lichenologica
2354:Chevallier, F.F. (1824).
2135:10.1093/botlinnean/boy060
2055:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8
1879:: Leiden, the Netherlands
1774:10.1007/s13225-011-0135-8
930:Staiger & Kalb (2002)
831:Kalb & LĂŒcking (2009)
252:cosmopolitan distribution
185:
178:
166:
161:
145:
138:
59:Scientific classification
57:
48:
39:
34:
3815:Lecanoromycetes families
3497:Thelotrema glaucopallens
2437:10.3158/2158-5520-16.9.1
1945:Commentationes botanicae
1260:Mont. & Bosch (1856)
649:Distribution and ecology
382:Acanthothecis abaphoides
1490:Clemente ex Ach. (1814)
762:Platythecium hypoleptum
738:Phaeographina obfirmata
3820:Taxa described in 1822
3495:: a new genus for the
3299:10.1006/lich.2000.0274
2157:Opuscula Philolichenum
1950:Botanical Commentaries
777:
765:
753:
741:
729:
717:
705:
385:
297:molecular phylogenetic
3466:Nylander, W. (1865).
2864:LĂŒcking, R. (2007). "
771:
759:
747:
735:
723:
711:
699:
492:), but are sometimes
378:
51:Graphis desquamescens
3343:Kalb, Klaus (2001).
3285:and its relatives".
2714:FĂ©e, A.L.A. (1824).
2371:Kalb, Klaus (2009).
1968:Staiger; B. (2002).
1907:Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
750:Sarcographa glyphiza
355:, proposed removing
3163:MĂŒller, J. (1882).
2978:MĂŒller, J. (1894).
2475:2012PLoSO...751392P
2293:Frisch, A. (2006).
2272:The Genera of Fungi
2015:10.3732/ajb.1200548
1842:2019CRvPS..38..199L
774:Thecaria quassicola
726:Fissurina insidiosa
702:Diorygma antillarum
691:taxonomic authority
564:and with an apical
3472:Flora (Regensburg)
3428:Flora of Australia
3393:Leptotrema wightii
3345:"The lichen genus
3169:Flora (Regensburg)
3109:Meyer, G. (1825).
2916:, a new genus for
2789:10.1002/TAX.616001
2589:10.1002/tax.616001
1040:D.D.Awasthi (1979)
926:Carbacanthographis
864:Nyl. ex Hue (1891)
778:
766:
754:
742:
730:
718:
714:Dyplolabia afzelii
706:
386:
3797:
3796:
3756:Open Tree of Life
3530:Taxon identifiers
3503:The Lichenologist
3437:978-0-643-09664-6
3412:10.1111/boj.12327
3287:The Lichenologist
3197:978-3-443-58043-8
3007:The Lichenologist
2922:The Lichenologist
2808:The Lichenologist
2701:Neagenea lichenum
2304:978-3-443-58071-1
1983:978-3-443-58064-3
1920:978-3-443-01089-8
1872:Catalogue of Life
1519:Pseudotopeliopsis
1025:Cryptoschizotrema
679:Catalogue of Life
677:According to the
663:GalĂĄpagos Islands
406:, or very rarely
224:
223:
212:Thelotremataceae
208:B.P.Hodk. (2012))
197:Diploschistaceae
188:Asterothyriaceae
134:
16:(Redirected from
3837:
3790:
3789:
3777:
3776:
3764:
3763:
3751:
3750:
3741:
3740:
3728:
3727:
3725:NHMSYS0001483152
3715:
3714:
3702:
3701:
3689:
3688:
3676:
3675:
3663:
3662:
3650:
3649:
3637:
3636:
3624:
3623:
3611:
3610:
3598:
3597:
3585:
3584:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3318:Fungal Diversity
3309:
3303:
3302:
3278:
3269:
3268:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3230:FĂ©e, A. (1874).
3227:
3221:
3220:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3138:Fieldiana Botany
3121:
3115:
3114:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3029:
3023:
3022:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2783:(6): 1161â1179.
2768:
2762:
2761:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2635:Fungal Diversity
2632:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2604:
2593:
2592:
2583:(6): 1161â1179.
2568:
2562:
2561:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2516:
2507:
2506:
2496:
2486:
2454:
2441:
2440:
2416:
2407:
2406:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2377:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2320:
2309:
2308:
2290:
2277:
2276:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2235:
2226:
2225:
2207:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2154:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2100:
2098:10.2307/25066016
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2057:
2033:
2027:
2026:
1997:
1988:
1987:
1965:
1954:
1953:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1902:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1863:
1854:
1853:
1825:
1816:
1815:
1787:
1778:
1777:
1762:Fungal Diversity
1757:
1733:
1722:
1711:
1700:
1689:
1678:
1677:A.Massal. (1860)
1667:
1656:
1645:
1634:
1623:
1612:
1601:
1600:MĂŒll.Arg. (1887)
1590:
1579:
1568:
1557:
1546:
1535:
1524:
1513:
1502:
1491:
1480:
1479:A.Massal. (1860)
1469:
1458:
1447:
1446:MĂŒll.Arg. (1887)
1436:
1425:
1424:MĂŒll.Arg. (1882)
1414:
1413:MĂŒll.Arg. (1882)
1403:
1392:
1381:
1370:
1359:
1348:
1337:
1326:
1315:
1305:
1304:MĂŒll.Arg. (1894)
1294:
1283:
1272:
1271:A.Massal. (1860)
1261:
1250:
1239:
1228:
1227:R.Miranda (2020)
1217:
1206:
1195:
1184:
1173:
1162:
1161:MĂŒll.Arg. (1880)
1151:
1140:
1129:
1118:
1107:
1096:
1085:
1084:A.Massal. (1854)
1074:
1063:
1052:
1041:
1030:
1019:
1008:
997:
996:A.Massal. (1860)
986:
975:
964:
959:Clandestinotrema
953:
942:
941:A.Massal. (1860)
931:
920:
909:
898:
887:
876:
865:
854:
843:
832:
821:
810:
799:
788:
630:
622:
610:
595:
587:
569:
561:
553:
545:
537:
525:
513:
505:
497:
489:
481:
480:thalline exciple
473:
465:
457:
449:
441:
433:
425:
393:
321:Redonographaceae
315:
309:
218:
209:
203:
194:
129:
67:
66:
44:
32:
21:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3830:Lichen families
3800:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3785:
3780:
3772:
3767:
3759:
3754:
3746:
3744:
3736:
3731:
3723:
3718:
3710:
3705:
3697:
3692:
3684:
3679:
3671:
3666:
3658:
3653:
3645:
3640:
3632:
3627:
3619:
3614:
3606:
3601:
3593:
3588:
3580:
3575:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3551:
3550:
3545:
3532:
3522:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3425:
3424:
3420:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3280:
3279:
3272:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3198:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2918:Graphina malmei
2911:
2910:
2906:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2758:10.1071/sb13038
2735:
2734:
2727:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2606:
2605:
2596:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2518:
2517:
2510:
2456:
2455:
2444:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2375:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2322:
2321:
2312:
2305:
2292:
2291:
2280:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2237:
2236:
2229:
2205:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2035:
2034:
2030:
1999:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1967:
1966:
1957:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1921:
1904:
1903:
1892:
1882:
1880:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1789:
1788:
1781:
1759:
1758:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1720:
1709:
1698:
1687:
1676:
1665:
1654:
1643:
1632:
1621:
1610:
1599:
1588:
1577:
1566:
1555:
1544:
1533:
1522:
1511:
1500:
1489:
1478:
1467:
1456:
1445:
1434:
1431:Phaeographopsis
1423:
1412:
1401:
1398:Paratopeliopsis
1390:
1379:
1368:
1357:
1346:
1335:
1324:
1313:
1303:
1292:
1281:
1270:
1259:
1248:
1237:
1226:
1215:
1204:
1193:
1182:
1171:
1160:
1149:
1138:
1127:
1116:
1105:
1094:
1083:
1072:
1061:
1050:
1047:Diaphorographis
1039:
1028:
1017:
1006:
995:
984:
973:
962:
951:
940:
929:
918:
907:
904:Borinquenotrema
896:
885:
874:
863:
852:
841:
830:
820:Chevall. (1824)
819:
808:
797:
786:
675:
651:
632:
624:
612:
597:
589:
582:. The asci are
572:. They are non-
571:
563:
555:
547:
539:
527:
515:
507:
499:
491:
483:
475:
467:
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
400:from the genus
395:
373:
353:taxonomic ranks
329:
313:
307:
306:Fissurinoideae
264:
213:
207:
198:
189:
157:
151:
128:
106:Lecanoromycetes
61:
28:
27:Family of fungi
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3843:
3841:
3833:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3802:
3801:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3778:
3765:
3752:
3742:
3729:
3716:
3703:
3690:
3677:
3664:
3651:
3638:
3625:
3612:
3599:
3586:
3573:
3558:
3542:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3521:
3520:
3509:(2): 197â202.
3481:
3458:
3443:
3436:
3418:
3405:(3): 436â443.
3381:
3362:
3335:
3324:(1): 107â121.
3304:
3293:(4): 325â357.
3270:
3267:. Vol. 1.
3255:
3222:
3203:
3196:
3178:
3175:(25): 397â402.
3155:
3116:
3101:
3082:
3071:(2): 127â133.
3065:The Bryologist
3043:
3024:
2993:
2970:
2939:
2928:(1): 115â120.
2904:
2883:
2856:
2845:(4): 742â751.
2839:The Bryologist
2825:
2814:(4): 331â343.
2794:
2763:
2725:
2706:
2691:
2671:
2652:
2618:
2611:(in Italian).
2594:
2563:
2556:(in Italian).
2544:
2531:(1): 186â203.
2508:
2469:(12): e51392.
2442:
2408:
2389:
2363:
2346:
2310:
2303:
2278:
2261:
2250:(2): 127â143.
2244:The Bryologist
2227:
2193:
2166:
2140:
2129:(3): 233â249.
2112:
2091:(2): 476â486.
2071:
2048:: 1060â1456 .
2028:
2009:(5): 844â856.
1989:
1982:
1955:
1934:
1919:
1890:
1867:"Graphidaceae"
1855:
1836:(3): 199â253.
1817:
1798:(4): 361â416.
1792:The Bryologist
1779:
1768:(1): 107â121.
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1724:
1713:
1702:
1691:
1680:
1669:
1658:
1655:Trevis. (1853)
1647:
1636:
1625:
1614:
1603:
1592:
1581:
1578:LĂŒcking (2015)
1570:
1559:
1548:
1537:
1526:
1515:
1504:
1493:
1482:
1471:
1468:Staiger (2002)
1460:
1449:
1438:
1427:
1426:â ca. 180 spp.
1416:
1405:
1394:
1383:
1372:
1361:
1350:
1339:
1328:
1317:
1306:
1296:
1285:
1274:
1263:
1252:
1241:
1238:LĂŒcking (2007)
1230:
1219:
1216:Trevis. (1853)
1208:
1197:
1186:
1175:
1174:â ca. 275 spp.
1164:
1153:
1142:
1131:
1120:
1109:
1102:Fibrillithecis
1098:
1095:LĂŒcking (2012)
1087:
1076:
1065:
1054:
1043:
1032:
1021:
1010:
999:
988:
977:
966:
955:
944:
933:
922:
911:
900:
889:
878:
875:Leight. (1870)
867:
856:
849:Anomalographis
845:
834:
823:
812:
805:Aggregatorygma
801:
790:
687:Verrucariaceae
674:
671:
650:
647:
641:for producing
626:
618:
606:
591:
583:
565:
557:
549:
541:
533:
521:
509:
501:
493:
488:proper exciple
485:
477:
469:
461:
453:
445:
437:
436:(cup-shaped),
429:
421:
389:
372:
369:
364:Robert LĂŒcking
328:
325:
317:
316:
312:Graphidoideae
310:
263:
260:
222:
221:
220:
219:
210:
206:Fissurinaceae
204:
195:
183:
182:
176:
175:
174:
173:
170:
169:Fissurinoideae
164:
163:
159:
158:
152:
143:
142:
136:
135:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3842:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3788:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3574:
3569:
3563:
3559:
3554:
3548:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3526:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3485:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3462:
3459:
3454:
3447:
3444:
3439:
3433:
3429:
3422:
3419:
3413:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3394:
3385:
3382:
3377:
3373:
3366:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3348:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3308:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3259:
3256:
3250:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3226:
3223:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3204:
3199:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3179:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3159:
3156:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3120:
3117:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3097:
3093:
3086:
3083:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3044:
3039:
3035:
3028:
3025:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2997:
2994:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2974:
2971:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2943:
2940:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2914:Malmographina
2908:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2887:
2884:
2879:
2876:(in German).
2875:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2829:
2826:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2767:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2710:
2707:
2702:
2695:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2675:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2567:
2564:
2560:(3): 247â276.
2559:
2555:
2548:
2545:
2539:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2364:
2359:
2358:
2350:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2335:(1): 87â136.
2334:
2330:
2326:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2265:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2182:(1â2): 1â44.
2181:
2177:
2176:Nova Hedwigia
2170:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2116:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2075:
2072:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1622:Stirt. (1879)
1620:
1619:
1615:
1611:Stirt. (1876)
1609:
1608:
1607:Schistophoron
1604:
1598:
1597:
1596:Sarcographina
1593:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1574:Sanguinotrema
1571:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1545:Frisch (2006)
1543:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1508:Pseudoramonia
1505:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1435:Sipman (1997)
1433:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1409:Phaeographina
1406:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1387:Pallidogramme
1384:
1380:G.Mey. (1825)
1378:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1358:Tibell (1984)
1356:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1325:Frisch (2006)
1323:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1310:Melanotopelia
1307:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1278:Malmographina
1275:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1249:Eschw. (1824)
1247:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1218:â ca. 50 spp.
1214:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1183:Frisch (2006)
1181:
1180:
1176:
1172:Adans. (1763)
1170:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1106:Frisch (2006)
1104:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1073:Norman (1852)
1071:
1070:
1069:Diploschistes
1066:
1062:Eschw. (1824)
1060:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1036:Cyclographina
1033:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1000:
994:
993:
989:
983:
982:
978:
972:
971:
967:
961:
960:
956:
950:
949:
945:
939:
938:
934:
928:
927:
923:
917:
916:
912:
906:
905:
901:
895:
894:
890:
884:
883:
879:
873:
872:
868:
862:
861:
857:
851:
850:
846:
840:
839:
835:
829:
828:
824:
818:
817:
813:
807:
806:
802:
798:Frisch (2006)
796:
795:
791:
785:
784:
783:Acanthothecis
780:
779:
776:
775:
770:
764:
763:
758:
752:
751:
746:
740:
739:
734:
728:
727:
722:
716:
715:
710:
704:
703:
698:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
672:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
648:
646:
644:
640:
636:
631:
623:
616:
611:
604:
599:
596:
590:to oblong or
588:
581:
580:
575:
570:
562:
554:
546:
538:
531:
526:
519:
514:
506:
498:
490:
482:
476:(with both a
474:
466:
458:
450:
442:
434:
426:
419:
416:is typically
415:
412:. The lichen
411:
410:
405:
404:
399:
394:
384:
383:
377:
370:
368:
365:
360:
359:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
326:
324:
322:
311:
305:
304:
303:
300:
298:
294:
289:
287:
286:
281:
280:
275:
274:
269:
261:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
242:in the order
241:
237:
233:
229:
216:
211:
205:
201:
196:
192:
187:
186:
184:
181:
177:
172:Graphidoideae
171:
168:
167:
165:
160:
155:
150:
149:
144:
141:
137:
132:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
65:
60:
56:
53:
52:
47:
43:
38:
35:Graphidaceae
33:
30:
19:
18:Fissurinaceae
3810:Graphidaceae
3568:Graphidaceae
3538:Graphidaceae
3537:
3506:
3502:
3496:
3493:Wirthiotrema
3492:
3484:
3475:
3474:(in Latin).
3471:
3461:
3452:
3446:
3427:
3421:
3402:
3398:
3392:
3384:
3375:
3374:(in Latin).
3371:
3365:
3356:
3352:
3346:
3338:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3264:
3258:
3239:
3235:
3225:
3216:
3215:(in Latin).
3212:
3206:
3187:
3181:
3172:
3171:(in Latin).
3168:
3158:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3127:
3119:
3110:
3104:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3057:Nitidochapsa
3056:
3052:
3046:
3037:
3033:
3027:
3013:(1): 39â46.
3010:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2987:
2986:(in Latin).
2983:
2973:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2907:
2898:
2893:
2886:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2828:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2700:
2694:
2685:
2684:(in Latin).
2681:
2674:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2641:(1): 1â242.
2638:
2634:
2621:
2612:
2608:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2528:
2524:
2466:
2462:
2428:
2424:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2383:
2379:
2366:
2356:
2349:
2332:
2328:
2294:
2271:
2264:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2213:
2209:
2196:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2160:
2156:
2143:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2045:
2041:
2031:
2006:
2002:
1973:
1969:
1949:
1944:
1937:
1910:
1881:. Retrieved
1877:Species 2000
1870:
1833:
1829:
1795:
1791:
1765:
1761:
1726:
1717:Wirthiotrema
1715:
1704:
1693:
1682:
1671:
1660:
1649:
1644:Mont. (1845)
1638:
1627:
1618:Schistostoma
1616:
1605:
1594:
1583:
1572:
1567:Vain. (1921)
1563:Rhabdodiscus
1561:
1550:
1539:
1528:
1517:
1506:
1497:Pseudochapsa
1495:
1484:
1473:
1464:Platythecium
1462:
1451:
1440:
1429:
1420:Phaeographis
1418:
1407:
1396:
1385:
1374:
1365:Nitidochapsa
1363:
1352:
1341:
1330:
1319:
1308:
1298:
1287:
1276:
1265:
1254:
1243:
1232:
1221:
1210:
1199:
1188:
1177:
1166:
1155:
1144:
1133:
1122:
1111:
1100:
1089:
1078:
1067:
1056:
1045:
1034:
1023:
1012:
1003:Cruentotrema
1001:
990:
981:Corticorygma
979:
970:Compositrema
968:
957:
946:
935:
924:
913:
902:
891:
880:
869:
858:
847:
836:
827:Amazonotrema
825:
814:
803:
794:Acanthotrema
792:
787:Clem. (1909)
781:
772:
760:
748:
736:
724:
712:
700:
683:Parmeliaceae
676:
667:biodiversity
652:
600:
577:
552:annelasceous
448:perithecioid
407:
403:Trentepohlia
401:
387:
380:
356:
349:polyphyletic
345:paraphyletic
341:monophyletic
330:
318:
301:
290:
283:
277:
271:
265:
256:grow on bark
228:Graphidaceae
227:
225:
162:Subfamilies
146:
126:Graphidaceae
125:
49:
29:
3668:iNaturalist
3562:Wikispecies
3347:Topeliopsis
3283:Chroodiscus
3219:(8): 1â80 .
3132:Hemithecium
3098:: 597â713 .
3061:Ocellularia
3053:Myriochapsa
3040:: 371â516 .
3003:Topeliopsis
2870:Kalbographa
2866:Kalbographa
2773:Ocellularia
2573:Ocellularia
2216:(1): 7â38.
2065:10481/61998
1710:Nyl. (1865)
1706:Tremotylium
1695:Topeliopsis
1688:Ach. (1803)
1673:Thecographa
1629:Schizotrema
1585:Sarcographa
1556:Kalb (2001)
1453:Platygramme
1376:Ocellularia
1354:Nadvornikia
1332:Myriochapsa
1321:Melanotrema
1267:Leucodecton
1234:Kalbographa
1212:Hemithecium
1150:Ach. (1814)
1135:Glaucotrema
1091:Enigmotrema
1014:Crutarndina
948:Chroodiscus
893:Austrotrema
882:Astrochapsa
871:Asteristion
860:Anomomorpha
853:Kalb (1992)
842:Kalb (2006)
838:Ampliotrema
544:priphysoids
512:hamathecium
432:apothecioid
398:green algae
371:Description
244:Graphidales
191:Walt.Watson
116:Graphidales
3804:Categories
3359:: 319â328.
2880:: 185â192.
2804:Halegrapha
2752:(6): 466.
2738:Gintarasia
2688:: 213â252.
2668:: 225â246.
2615:: 313â337.
2405:: 301â329.
2042:Mycosphere
1739:References
1690:â 165 spp.
1684:Thelotrema
1666:FĂ©e (1825)
1651:Thalloloma
1640:Stegobolus
1589:FĂ©e (1825)
1552:Reimnitzia
1541:Redingeria
1530:Pycnotrema
1486:Polistroma
1457:FĂ©e (1874)
1442:Phaeotrema
1382:â 343 spp.
1347:FĂ©e (1825)
1343:Myriotrema
1300:Medusulina
1256:Leptotrema
1245:Leiorreuma
1190:Halegrapha
1124:Gintarasia
1119:â 117 spp.
1117:FĂ©e (1825)
1080:Dyplolabia
992:Creographa
915:Byssotrema
822:â 183 spp.
816:Allographa
629:distosepta
598:in shape.
504:lecanorine
464:paraphyses
456:mazaediate
392:photobiont
140:Type genus
96:Ascomycota
92:Division:
3629:FloraBase
3577:AusLichen
3378:(6): 184.
3353:Mycotaxon
3242:: 21â32.
3144:: 1â126.
2953:Phytotaxa
2949:Mangoldia
2835:Heiomasia
2525:Phytotaxa
2329:Phytotaxa
2210:Phytotaxa
1929:429208213
1701:â 20 spp.
1657:â 20 spp.
1646:â 16 spp.
1591:â 37 spp.
1569:â 36 spp.
1503:â 18 spp.
1475:Pliariona
1470:â 27 spp.
1459:â 30 spp.
1448:â 19 spp.
1415:â 11 spp.
1393:â 13 spp.
1349:â 76 spp.
1327:â 12 spp.
1289:Mangoldia
1273:â 32 spp.
1262:â 14 spp.
1251:â 18 spp.
1201:Heiomasia
1179:Gyrotrema
1163:â 25 spp.
1113:Fissurina
1108:â 15 spp.
1075:â 25 spp.
1064:â 74 spp.
965:â 17 spp.
954:â 17 spp.
943:â 51 spp.
932:â 22 spp.
888:â 29 spp.
659:epiphytic
621:endospore
615:ellipsoid
536:spinulose
496:lecideine
440:lirellate
424:substrate
409:Trebouxia
358:Fissurina
293:monograph
279:Opegrapha
238:-forming
82:Kingdom:
76:Eukaryota
3707:MycoBank
3642:Fungorum
3582:30016238
3553:Q3115635
3547:Wikidata
3063:clade".
2990:(1): 93.
2503:23251515
2463:PLOS ONE
2431:: 1â31.
2386:: 17â24.
2380:Herzogia
2107:25066016
2023:23594913
1883:25 March
1812:44250015
1723:â 5 spp.
1712:â 4 spp.
1679:â 3 spp.
1668:â 4 spp.
1662:Thecaria
1635:â 7 spp.
1613:â 5 spp.
1602:â 6 spp.
1547:â 8 spp.
1536:â 2 spp.
1525:â 4 spp.
1514:â 4 spp.
1437:â 3 spp.
1371:â 5 spp.
1360:â 5 spp.
1338:â 3 spp.
1316:â 4 spp.
1295:â 4 spp.
1240:â 5 spp.
1207:â 3 spp.
1196:â 9 spp.
1185:â 6 spp.
1157:Graphina
1152:â 7 spp.
1141:â 5 spp.
1130:â 7 spp.
1086:â 5 spp.
1058:Diorygma
1053:â 2 spp.
1042:â 8 spp.
1031:â 2 spp.
1009:â 6 spp.
998:â 1 spp.
976:â 4 spp.
899:â 3 spp.
877:â 7 spp.
866:â 8 spp.
855:â 2 spp.
811:â 3 spp.
789:â 5 spp.
639:pycnidia
625:forming
609:muriform
594:fusiform
579:Diorygma
530:lineages
524:capitate
418:crustose
337:lineages
333:synonymy
327:Synonymy
285:Arthonia
262:Taxonomy
215:Stizenb.
180:Synonyms
122:Family:
72:Domain:
3128:Graphis
2742:Xalocoa
2494:3520900
2471:Bibcode
2240:Jocatoa
2163:: 4â10.
1838:Bibcode
1734:â 1 sp.
1728:Xalocoa
1624:â 1 sp.
1580:â 1 sp.
1558:â 1 sp.
1492:â 1 sp.
1481:â 1 sp.
1404:â 1 sp.
1284:â 1 sp.
1229:â 1 sp.
1223:Jocatoa
1168:Graphis
1146:Glyphis
1097:â 1 sp.
1020:â 1 sp.
987:â 1 sp.
921:â 1 sp.
910:â 1 sp.
844:â 1 sp.
833:â 1 sp.
800:â 1 sp.
655:tropics
643:conidia
635:hyaline
603:septate
586:clavate
574:amyloid
472:zeorine
414:thallus
273:Graphis
200:Zahlbr.
148:Graphis
131:Dumort.
112:Order:
102:Class:
3787:890026
3761:163529
3745:NZOR:
3699:500110
3686:107574
3673:117991
3621:1GRPHF
3478:: 3â7.
3434:
3194:
2501:
2491:
2301:
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