1543:
33:
85:
73:
122:
53:
1346:
61:
1112:
32:
84:
1296:
All told, there were 248 officers and men on the expedition. The ship's government was to be carried out by a Ships' Council consisting of the skippers of the ships, merchants who were assigned to each ship, and a few others. Some had preferred status, allowing them to speak first on an issue and
1190:
with
Portugal, thus making continued trade practically impossible. This was intolerable to the Dutch who would have been glad to circumvent the Portuguese monopoly and go straight to Indonesia, but the sailing directions needed in order to reach Indonesia were jealously guarded by the Portuguese.
1181:
During the 16th century the spice trade was extremely lucrative, but the
Portuguese Empire had a stranglehold on the source of the spices, Indonesia. For a time, the merchants of the Netherlands were content to accept this and buy all of their spice in
1423:, who disagreed on where the fleet should go next. When Meulanaer suddenly died under mysterious circumstances, de Houtman was seized and put on trial by the Ships' Council. On grounds of insufficient evidence, he was released, but by this time the
1381:
leader of the expedition, most of his opponents having been either killed or disgraced by this time. After being ransomed, he bombarded the city with cannon fire and raided several spice-carrying ships coming into Bantam from
1443: – spice prices had become so inflated that the expedition was still profitable. All in all, the voyage suffered from bad leadership, but was still instrumental in opening up the East Indies to the Dutch.
1234:, he published an account of his journeys that included a large amount of information on the East Indies that confirmed all of Plancius' charts and added more besides. In early 1594, de Houtman returned from Lisbon.
1418:
At this point, the entire expedition was on the brink of disaster. Only 94 of the original 248 men were still alive, and the leaders were split into two factions, one led by de
Houtman and the other by
1321:
on April 19, but soon the wind died, and they were able to make only slow progress. They did not cross the equator until June 4, and did not sight Africa until August 2. In
October, they landed at
1850:
1237:
The
Amsterdam merchants now had all of the information they needed, and they set about raising capital to fund the expedition. They recruited six other merchants and with them formed the
822:
1797:
1431:, and then sail back to the Netherlands. The crew found Bali to be quite amiable, and set sail for home on February 26, 1597, reaching Texel on August 14 of the same year.
1845:
802:
1218:, to Lisbon, posing as a merchant. His job was to confirm Plancius' charts and see if he could find any more information on the East Indies. Then, in September 1592,
1186:, Portugal, as they could still make a decent profit by reselling it throughout Europe. However, in the 1590s Spain, which was at war with the Netherlands, was in a
782:
1784:
1140:
1830:
1427:
was in such bad condition that it had to be set adrift and burnt. The fleet was in such bad shape that it was decided to head south, making one last stop at
871:
1325:, where they were forced to stay for six months, losing many men to illness; by the time they left, 71 men had died. Among the dead was the skipper of the
1297:
break a tie; Cornelis de
Houtman was one of these. Before the ships left, all of the navigators were trained by Petrus Plancius. The chief navigator was
88:
Wall painting 'La réception de
Cornelis de Houtman a Java and 1595' by Paulides in the Dutch pavilion at the Colonial World Exhibition in Paris, photo
1840:
1457:
916:
72:
1452:
1057:
1017:
89:
1439:
Although the expedition did not bring back as much as expected – 245 bags of pepper, 45 tons of nutmeg, and 30 bales of
1835:
1133:
1079:
1825:
1806:
1749:
1037:
1072:
1062:
1052:
1047:
1027:
1198:
published a series of charts showing, in exact detail, the route to the Indies. Soon after these charts were published, three
1377:
to get more, a number of men, including de
Houtman, were captured and held until ransomed. De Houtman, by this time, was the
1089:
881:
129:
1126:
1094:
1084:
1067:
1032:
956:
926:
861:
691:
394:
217:
101:
710:
403:
1762:
The First
Discovery of Australia With an account of the Voyage of the "Duyfken" and the Career of Captain Willem Jansz
936:
1373:
to raise their prices to absurdly high levels. They were also denied access to water, and when some of them went to
1398:, the ships were boarded by natives and twelve men were killed in the ensuing battle, including the skipper of the
1219:
891:
1042:
1741:
Nathaniel's Nutmeg or, The True and
Incredible Adventures of the Spice Trader Who Changed the Course of History
1166:
1022:
443:
1298:
189:
1262:
1334:
1390:. Outraged, the Bantamese, sent men throughout the surrounding islands, warning them about the Dutch. At
1231:
1161:) was an expedition that took place from 1595 to 1597. It was instrumental in opening up the Indonesian
946:
673:
138:
121:
41:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1203:
974:
737:
700:
653:
583:
553:
523:
493:
110:
1250:
1207:
1420:
1330:
1238:
1215:
792:
757:
623:
543:
413:
17:
1318:
1778:
1333:
His death set off a bitter feud over who would succeed that ended only when one of the officers,
1254:
997:
982:
643:
613:
533:
453:
286:
45:
1258:
1246:
52:
1802:
1745:
1170:
832:
812:
593:
483:
473:
433:
168:
37:
1792:
1370:
1350:
1242:
1116:
992:
747:
573:
563:
256:
65:
1202:
merchants began meeting in secret, plotting an expedition to Indonesia. Their names were
1195:
987:
728:
603:
503:
463:
296:
1725:
1314:
663:
633:
513:
336:
266:
1369:
but were received poorly due to the machinations of the Portuguese, who persuaded the
1819:
1739:
1383:
1362:
1187:
316:
1544:"The Dutch East India Company's shipping between the Netherlands and Asia 1595-1795"
1735:
1345:
1211:
306:
236:
199:
60:
1760:
1162:
423:
346:
148:
1358:
1322:
366:
1353:, strategically located, which wore on until formal Dutch annexation in 1813.
1199:
376:
326:
276:
179:
1395:
158:
1374:
1288:
1266:
246:
1440:
1403:
1391:
1387:
1183:
356:
77:
1214:. One of the first things these men did was to send Pauw's cousin,
1344:
1310:
1227:
226:
83:
71:
59:
51:
31:
1428:
1366:
1410:
opened fire, killing the prince, the priest, and many others.
1223:
36:
A 1599 map of the route of the fleet within the bounds of the
1313:
on April 2, 1595. They made good time at first, passing the
48:, displaying the Dutch geographical knowledge at the time.
1406:, when the royal family sailed out to meet to Dutch, the
1230:, and soon after, in collaboration with noted traveler
1798:
Krakatoa: The Day the World Exploded, August 27, 1883
27:
First voyage of Dutch ships to Nusantara in 1595–1597
1337:, was put in irons for the remainder of the voyage.
1851:
Dutch celestial cartography in the Age of Discovery
1269:, and used it to build and equip four ships: the
76:Shooting on the city of Bantam and attack of the
1730:. New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1484:
1482:
1134:
8:
1165:to the merchants that eventually formed the
1681:
1679:
1651:
1649:
1783:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1141:
1127:
95:
1846:Dutch exploration in the Age of Discovery
1265:. The Company was able to raise 290,000
1155:First Dutch Expedition to the East Indies
1469:
109:
98:
1776:
1458:Dutch East India Company in Indonesia
7:
1453:Second Dutch Expedition to Indonesia
1831:Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia
18:First Dutch Expedition to Indonesia
1309:The fleet sailed from the port of
1222:returned from an extended stay in
1194:However, in 1592 the cartographer
25:
56:The fleet of Cornelis de Houtman.
1841:Expeditions from the Netherlands
1357:In June 1596, the fleet reached
1110:
120:
1317:on April 26 and landing at the
823:French and British interregnum
1:
1173:'s dominance in the region.
1169:, and marked the end of the
711:Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow
1801:. New York: HarperCollins.
1744:. New York: Penguin Books.
218:Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms
1867:
1724:Masselman, George (1963).
1220:Jan Huyghen van Linschoten
892:United States of Indonesia
729:Chinese Kongsi federations
1836:1590s in the Dutch Empire
1727:The Cradle of Colonialism
1043:Javanese historical texts
1826:Exploration of Indonesia
1167:Dutch East India Company
803:Dutch East India Company
444:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
1299:Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser
42:treaties of Tordesillas
1354:
854:Emergence of Indonesia
93:
81:
69:
57:
49:
1348:
1263:Arend ten Grootenhuys
909:Republic of Indonesia
775:European colonization
674:Riau-Lingga Sultanate
87:
75:
63:
55:
35:
1759:Mutch, T.D. (1942).
1335:Gerrit van Beuningen
1239:Far-distance Company
1117:Indonesia portal
738:Heshun Confederation
654:Yogyakarta Sultanate
584:Kalinyamat Sultanate
554:Sultanate of Jailolo
524:Sultanate of Ternate
237:Tarumanagara Kingdom
1497:Masselman, p. 64-65
1476:Masselman, p. 62-64
1232:Bernardus Paludanus
1216:Cornelis de Houtman
882:National Revolution
872:Japanese occupation
758:Santiaogou Republic
624:Palembang Sultanate
544:Sultanate of Tidore
414:Peureulak Sultanate
347:Dharmasraya Kingdom
1355:
961:1998–present
862:National Awakening
692:Christian kingdoms
658:1755–present
648:1745–present
644:Surakarta Sunanate
614:Kingdom of Kaimana
568:1526–present
534:Sultanate of Bacan
454:Pagaruyung Kingdom
395:Islamic sultanates
287:Shailendra Dynasty
94:
82:
70:
58:
50:
1793:Winchester, Simon
1577:Winchester, p. 15
1402:. Soon after, at
1171:Portuguese Empire
1159:Eerste Schipvaart
1151:
1150:
965:
964:
917:Liberal democracy
900:
899:
845:
844:
833:Dutch East Indies
766:
765:
719:
718:
701:Larantuka Kingdom
682:
681:
594:Mataram Sultanate
494:Cirebon Sultanate
474:Malacca Sultanate
434:Ternate Sultanate
385:
384:
367:Singhasari Empire
361:1000s–1300s
327:Kahuripan Kingdom
208:
207:
38:Portuguese sphere
16:(Redirected from
1858:
1812:
1788:
1782:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1755:
1731:
1711:
1710:Masselman, p. 97
1708:
1702:
1701:Masselman, p. 96
1699:
1686:
1683:
1674:
1673:Masselman, p. 95
1671:
1665:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1644:
1643:Masselman, p. 94
1641:
1628:
1627:Masselman, p. 93
1625:
1619:
1616:
1610:
1609:Masselman, p. 92
1607:
1596:
1595:Masselman, p. 89
1593:
1587:
1586:Masselman, p. 90
1584:
1578:
1575:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1540:
1534:
1533:Masselman, p. 88
1531:
1525:
1524:Masselman, p. 87
1522:
1516:
1515:Masselman, p. 86
1513:
1507:
1506:Masselman, p. 71
1504:
1498:
1495:
1489:
1488:Masselman, p. 68
1486:
1477:
1474:
1351:Banten Sultanate
1243:Pieter Hasselaer
1143:
1136:
1129:
1115:
1114:
1113:
927:Guided Democracy
913:
912:
858:
857:
779:
778:
748:Lanfang Republic
734:
733:
697:
696:
618:1600s–1926
608:1528s–1877
574:Banjar Sultanate
564:Banten Sultanate
548:1500s–1967
464:Brunei Sultanate
400:
399:
377:Majapahit Empire
277:Srivijaya Empire
257:Kalingga Kingdom
223:
222:
190:Toba catastrophe
173:94,000–12,000 BP
144:
143:
124:
114:
96:
66:Banten sultanate
21:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1857:
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1855:
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1815:
1809:
1791:
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1548:huygens.knaw.nl
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1487:
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1475:
1471:
1466:
1449:
1437:
1416:
1343:
1307:
1204:Jan Jansz Carel
1196:Petrus Plancius
1179:
1147:
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1103:
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941:1966–1967
931:1959–1966
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896:1949–1950
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866:1908–1942
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752:1777–1884
742:1776–1854
731:
721:
720:
694:
684:
683:
678:1824–1911
668:1814–1946
638:1725–1946
628:1659–1823
604:Johor Sultanate
598:1586–1755
588:1527–1599
578:1526–1863
558:1496–1903
538:1515–1946
528:1486–1914
518:1496–1903
508:1475–1554
504:Demak Sultanate
498:1445–1677
488:1405–1851
478:1400–1511
468:1368–1888
458:1347–1833
448:1267–1521
438:1257–1914
428:1225–1613
404:Spread of Islam
397:
387:
386:
381:1293–1527
371:1222–1292
351:1183–1347
341:1045–1221
331:1019–1045
297:Mataram Kingdom
220:
210:
209:
141:
112:
105:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1864:
1862:
1854:
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1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1448:
1445:
1436:
1433:
1415:
1412:
1342:
1339:
1315:Canary Islands
1306:
1303:
1251:Hendrick Buick
1208:Hendrick Hudde
1188:dynastic union
1178:
1175:
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1148:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1123:
1120:
1119:
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1020:
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985:
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973:
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952:
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922:
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907:
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903:
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867:
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852:
849:
848:
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842:
837:
835:
829:
828:
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819:
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815:
809:
808:
805:
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798:
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789:
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770:
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743:
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707:
706:
703:
695:
690:
689:
686:
685:
680:
679:
676:
670:
669:
666:
664:Deli Sultanate
660:
659:
656:
650:
649:
646:
640:
639:
636:
634:Siak Sultanate
630:
629:
626:
620:
619:
616:
610:
609:
606:
600:
599:
596:
590:
589:
586:
580:
579:
576:
570:
569:
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559:
556:
550:
549:
546:
540:
539:
536:
530:
529:
526:
520:
519:
516:
514:Aceh Sultanate
510:
509:
506:
500:
499:
496:
490:
489:
486:
484:Sulu Sultanate
480:
479:
476:
470:
469:
466:
460:
459:
456:
450:
449:
446:
440:
439:
436:
430:
429:
426:
420:
419:
418:840–1292
416:
410:
409:
408:800–1600
406:
398:
393:
392:
389:
388:
383:
382:
379:
373:
372:
369:
363:
362:
359:
357:Pannai Kingdom
353:
352:
349:
343:
342:
339:
337:Kediri Kingdom
333:
332:
329:
323:
322:
321:932–1579
319:
313:
312:
311:914–1908
309:
303:
302:
301:716–1016
299:
293:
292:
289:
283:
282:
279:
273:
272:
269:
267:Melayu Kingdom
263:
262:
259:
253:
252:
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243:
242:
239:
233:
232:
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221:
216:
215:
212:
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175:
174:
171:
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161:
155:
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152:
142:
137:
136:
133:
132:
126:
125:
117:
116:
107:
106:
99:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1863:
1852:
1849:
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1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
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1810:
1808:0-06-621285-5
1804:
1800:
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1780:
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1763:
1757:
1753:
1751:0-374-21936-2
1747:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1736:Milton, Giles
1733:
1729:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1707:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1685:Milton, p. 64
1682:
1680:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1664:Milton, p. 62
1661:
1658:
1655:Milton, p. 61
1652:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1618:Milton, p. 59
1615:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1550:. Huygens ING
1549:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1421:Jan Meulenaer
1413:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1352:
1347:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1331:Jan Dignumsz.
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1144:
1139:
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1767:. Retrieved
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1552:. Retrieved
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1212:Reynier Pauw
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1099:
1058:Christianity
307:Bali Kingdom
200:Buni culture
178:
163:1,000,000 BP
147:
29:
1769:26 December
1414:Return home
1349:Map of the
1255:Dirk van Os
1163:spice trade
1023:Archaeology
1018:Agriculture
424:Aru Kingdom
149:Paleolithic
111:History of
1820:Categories
1718:References
1554:19 January
1323:Madagascar
1287:, and the
1259:Syvert Sem
1247:Jan Poppen
1177:Background
1080:Mass media
957:Reform era
937:Transition
783:Portuguese
169:Flores Man
139:Prehistory
40:under the
1779:cite book
1425:Amsterdam
1408:Amsterdam
1400:Amsterdam
1371:Bantamese
1341:At Bantam
1327:Hollandia
1284:Hollandia
1278:Amsterdam
1272:Mauritius
1200:Amsterdam
1038:Education
947:New Order
715:1670–1950
705:1515–1904
291:600s–900s
281:600s–1025
271:600s–1347
261:500s–600s
251:400s-500s
241:400s–500s
194:75,000 BP
180:Neolithic
113:Indonesia
1795:(2003).
1765:. Sydney
1738:(1999).
1447:See also
1396:Surabaya
1379:de facto
1267:guilders
1157:(Dutch:
1085:Military
1063:Hinduism
1053:Buddhism
1048:Religion
1028:Currency
1011:By topic
231:350–1605
159:Java Man
130:Timeline
102:a series
100:Part of
46:Zaragoza
1435:Results
1394:, near
1375:Sumatra
1073:Judaism
1033:Economy
998:Bandung
983:Jakarta
975:Regions
813:British
793:Spanish
247:Kantoli
204:400 BCE
1805:
1748:
1404:Madura
1392:Sidayu
1388:Borneo
1363:Banten
1359:Bantam
1305:Voyage
1290:Duifje
1261:, and
1210:, and
1184:Lisbon
104:on the
78:prahus
1464:Notes
1384:Banda
1311:Texel
1228:India
1095:Women
1090:Sport
1068:Islam
993:Bogor
1803:ISBN
1785:link
1771:2009
1746:ISBN
1556:2020
1441:mace
1429:Bali
1386:and
1367:Java
1153:The
988:Bali
64:The
44:and
1365:),
1224:Goa
90:KIT
1822::
1781:}}
1777:{{
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20:)
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