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621:, they formally agreed that China was not ready for "the Soviet system". But they sought to encourage an anti-imperialist movement that included both "bourgeois nationalists" and the working class. The Sun-Joffe Manifesto began a period of extensive aid to Sun Yat-sen and his movement. Soviet advisors helped Sun reorganize the Kuomintang along Leninist lines, making the party significantly more effective. They founded the
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communism within the KMT and its members, while Chiang's aim was to control the
Communist Party from the inside. Having said that, he was also the main reason the relationship fell apart, due to his desire to control the Communist Party, ultimately leading to the disintegration of the First United Front. After purging the Communists and Soviet advisors from Whampoa and his Nationalist army during the 1926 "
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617:, that capitalism in the early twentieth century had become dependent on imperialist exploitation of the third world. Anti-imperialist movements had the potential of destabilizing the worldwide capitalist system and in that way could hasten the revolution where material conditions were right. Thus, the early Soviet position on China was opposed to socialist revolution—in the
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The First United Front was formed so the KMT and the CCP could join to strengthen China. The initial aim was to help defeat the warlord threat (through the
Northern Expedition of 1926–28), but both parties actually had ulterior motives with this alliance. The CCP formed it mainly so it could spread
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was established near
Guangzhou. As its director, Sun appointed his loyal supporter Chiang Kai-shek. Financially the Whampoa Military Academy operated with the support of the Soviet Union. The quality of education was guaranteed by regularly visiting Russian officers. Many of the leaders of both the
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The rival government led by Sun, however, was at a disadvantage against the warlords from a military point of view. Despite his requests for aid from the West, badly needed financial and arms support never arrived in the country. In the 1920s the
Kuomintang eventually received help from the Russian
715:. Upon his return from exile in 1917, Sun revived his banned nationalist party, the Kuomintang, but this time he gave it the new name, the Kuomintang of China. His plan was that after defeating the warlords the party would guide China until the country would be ready to move to democracy.
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The
Kuomintang gradually became a powerful and disciplined party under Russian guidance. The decisive factor was the Bolshevik's assistance to the Kuomintang in the formation of its own army, the National Revolutionary Army. In order to train the army the
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towards China was likewise extremely significant. According to orthodox
Marxist theory, countries like China lacked the material conditions (such as a large proletariat) to successfully transition to socialism. However, Lenin argued in
72:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
727:
nor did he see communism as a solution to China's problems. In Sun's view, China was not of the rich and the poor; rather, it was the country of the poor and the poorer. The guidelines of the
Kuomintang were based on Sun's
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543:. The KMT, on the other hand, wanted to control the communists from within. Both parties had their own aims and the Front was unsustainable. In 1927, KMT leader
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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a "great man", and indicated he wished to follow the same path that Lenin had. However, this was unusual. It took other
Chinese radicals such as
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During the time of warlords, Sun Yat-sen kept the idea of a united
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Chinese Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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and the Kuomintang's reaction to the news was immediately positive. Sun Yat-sen called
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while the Northern Expedition was still half-complete. This initiated a
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
16:
1924–27 alliance between the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang
437:'First Nationalist-Communist Cooperation'), also known as the
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for them to appreciate the Bolsheviks' radical departure from the
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Military history of the Republic of China (1912–1949)
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as well as a civil university to educate KMT cadres.
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The Bolsheviks and the Chinese Revolution, 1919–1927
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1161:Chen Duxiu: Founder of the Chinese Communist Party
579:would eventually have a profound effect on China.
527:(CCP), was formed in 1924 as an alliance to end
90:accompanying your translation by providing an
56:Click for important translation instructions.
43:expand this article with text translated from
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558:was formed in 1936 to prepare for the coming
8:
1550:Wartime perception of the Chinese Communists
614:Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism
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831:Learn how and when to remove this message
687:Learn how and when to remove this message
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548:purged the Communists from the Front
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887:Timeline of the Chinese Civil War
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1069:Tragedy of Chinese Revolution
740:and the people's livelihood (
21:United Front (disambiguation)
1747:1923 establishments in China
1708:Wanshan Archipelago Campaign
1444:Chinese Communist Revolution
944:. Xulon Press. p. 170.
907:United Front Work Department
1767:National Revolutionary Army
1304:Republic of China on Taiwan
1272:National Revolutionary Army
1240:Principal belligerents and
1125:University of Hawai'i Press
1119:Pantsov, Alexander (2000).
535:and set out in 1926 on the
533:National Revolutionary Army
531:. Together they formed the
113:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
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1516:Fujian People's Government
1382:People's Republic of China
1166:Princeton University Press
938:Bernice A Verbyla (2010).
767:premier of Communist China
175:January 26, 1923
64:Machine translation, like
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206:Chinese Nationalist Party
183:–April 12, 1927
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102:{{Translated|zh|第一次國共合作}}
45:the corresponding article
1367:People's Liberation Army
870:Second Sino-Japanese War
755:People's Liberation Army
750:Whampoa Military Academy
623:Whampoa military academy
560:Second Sino-Japanese War
1506:Chinese Soviet Republic
1482:Autumn Harvest Uprising
595:until after the end of
525:Chinese Communist Party
304:Political position
217:Chinese Communist Party
111:For more guidance, see
1704:Hainan Island campaign
1583:Double Tenth Agreement
1579:Chongqing Negotiations
1496:Encirclement campaigns
1086:Zarrow, Peter (2005).
897:United front in Taiwan
554:that lasted until the
516:Lyun4 Ngo4 Lyun4 Gung6
474:Lyun4 Ngo4 Jung4 Gung6
428:dì yī cì guógòng hézuò
253:Nationalist government
1593:Jiaochangkou Incident
1174:10.1515/9781400858057
1133:10.4324/9781315027968
1102:10.4324/9780203015629
84:copyright attribution
1777:United front (China)
1158:Feigon, Lee (1983).
892:United front (China)
805:improve this section
661:improve this section
19:For other uses, see
1546:Second United Front
1466:Nanjing–Wuhan split
1414:Sun–Joffe Manifesto
1263:National Government
862:Second United Front
765:, who later became
619:Sun-Joffe Manifesto
601:February Revolution
556:Second United Front
537:Northern Expedition
529:warlordism in China
493:traditional Chinese
451:traditional Chinese
407:traditional Chinese
392:Second United Front
378:Northern Expedition
263:Chinese unification
1486:Guangzhou Uprising
1424:First United Front
1056:Xiang, Ah (1988).
713:Beiyang government
577:October Revolution
485:simplified Chinese
443:simplified Chinese
415:simplified Chinese
403:First United Front
344:Beiyang government
171:Dates of operation
129:First United Front
92:interlanguage link
1752:Chinese Civil War
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1597:Peiping rape case
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1478:Nanchang uprising
1474:Little Long March
1462:Shanghai massacre
1252:Nationalist Party
1230:Chinese Civil War
1183:978-1-4008-5805-7
1150:978-1-315-02796-8
1111:978-1-134-21977-3
1062:Warship Incident"
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1141:10125/23045
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734:nationalism
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