548:
560:
262:
572:
112:
536:
70:
655:
855:; Kitzberger, Thomas; Burns, Bruce R.; Rebertus, Alan J. (1995). "Perturbaciones y dinámica de regeneración en bosques andinos del sur de Chile y Argentina" [Natural disturbance and regeneration dynamics in Andean forests of southern Chile and Argentina]. In Armesto, Juan J.;
51:
1322:
T.T. Veblen, B.R. Burns, T. Kitzberger, A. Lara and R. Villalba (1995) The ecology of the conifers of southern South
America. Pages 120-155 in: N. Enright and R. Hill (eds.), Ecology of the Southern Conifers. Melbourne University
1158:
625:. A single tree could yield 600 planks with a width of at least 0.5 m and a length of 5 m. The wood was highly valued in Chile and Peru for its elasticity and lightness. With the
697:
1009:"Paleodistribution of the alerce and cypres of the Guaitecas during the interstadial stages of the Llanquihue Glaciation: Llanquihue and Chiloé provinces, Los Lagos Region, Chile"
651:, in Chiloé Archipelago. It has been argued that the Spanish exclave of Chiloé prevailed over other Spanish settlements in Southern Chile due to the importance of alerce trade.
423:
are globose, 6–8 mm in diameter, opening flat to 12 mm across, with nine scales in three whorls of three. Only the central whorl of scales is fertile, bearing 2–3
4303:
427:
on each scale; the lower and upper whorls are small and sterile. The seeds are 2–3 mm long and flat, with a wing along each side. The seeds mature 6–8 months after
1188:
731:
continued until 1976 when it became forbidden by law, (with the exception of already dead trees and with the authorization of CONAF, a
National Corporation) although
3932:
3638:
3971:
3664:
445:
In 1993 a specimen from Chile, "Gran Abuelo" or "Alerce
Milenario", was found to be 3622 years old, making it the second oldest fully verified (by counting
4293:
4258:
559:
535:
4165:
3880:
3586:
4178:
3945:
3893:
3651:
3599:
1358:
4046:
3713:
1395:
547:
388:, Chile. It is more than 60 m tall, with a trunk diameter of 4.26 m. Much larger specimens existed before the species was heavily
724:. Burnings of forest were in many cases necessary for the survival of the settlers who had no means of subsistence other than agriculture.
1339:
571:
4268:
1313:
1290:
1368:
977:
Hill, R. S.; Whang, S. S. (1996). "A new species of
Fitzroya (Cupressaceae) from Oligocene sediments in north-western Tasmania".
74:
4288:
4191:
3919:
3625:
626:
876:
3950:
3656:
509:
and other conifers had a much larger and continuous geographical extent than at present including the eastern lowlands of
3284:
2364:
1897:
1765:
662:
385:
368:
species in South
America, normally growing to 40–60 m, but occasionally more than 70 m, and up to 5 m in
3813:
689:
woods of
Cordillera Pelada also suffered from fires that originated from lightning strikes and indigenous inhabitants.
4278:
4273:
4072:
3547:
2454:
318:
1349:
1008:
4204:
4059:
3976:
3726:
3669:
3247:
1388:
955:
4298:
3799:
2434:
2414:
2394:
2384:
2374:
2294:
2128:
2088:
2011:
2002:
1510:
744:
111:
3370:
3332:
2444:
2354:
2324:
2304:
2098:
1828:
1490:
31:
4209:
4064:
2171:
1104:"Consecuencias de la tala maderera colonial en los bosques de alerce de Chiloé, sur de Chile (Siglos XVI-XIX)"
693:
3731:
4283:
2334:
1974:
1917:
1907:
1874:
1636:
1500:
1443:
1433:
1061:"Análisis Histórico-Cultural del alerce en la Patagonia Septentrional Occidental, Chiloé, siglos XVI al XIX"
868:
261:
2808:
3500:
3430:
3138:
3115:
3027:
2997:
2957:
2897:
2728:
2658:
2424:
2404:
2271:
2241:
2138:
2118:
1576:
1533:
1283:
La huella del fuego: Historia de los bosques nativos. Poblamiento y cambios en el paisaje del sur de Chile
478:
457:
4263:
3700:
3007:
2927:
2887:
2857:
2827:
2768:
2570:
2344:
2314:
2251:
2201:
2181:
2054:
1964:
1785:
1742:
1381:
502:
236:
4183:
3898:
3067:
1004:
856:
606:
3604:
3986:
3854:
3679:
3407:
3308:
3093:
3085:
3057:
3037:
2977:
2867:
2718:
2638:
2580:
2510:
2211:
2108:
2064:
2044:
2034:
1927:
1805:
1775:
1666:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1453:
1253:
1172:
913:
4025:
4020:
3474:
3224:
3201:
3047:
3017:
2987:
2967:
2847:
2788:
2758:
2688:
2678:
2628:
2590:
2560:
2191:
2161:
1851:
1696:
1616:
1566:
630:
59:
792:
685:. These fires were initiated by Spaniards, Chileans and Europeans. Earlier, from 1397 to 1750 the
453:. More recent research proposed that this individual corresponds to the oldest tree in the world.
4230:
4111:
4051:
3752:
3718:
3464:
3454:
3171:
2947:
2937:
2917:
2907:
2798:
2778:
2550:
2540:
2530:
2477:
2261:
2231:
2221:
1795:
1656:
1626:
937:
487:
106:
3705:
705:
3937:
700:. The area affected by the fires of PĂ©rez Rosales spanned a strip in the Andean foothills from
643:
wood was the principal means of exchange in the trade with Peru, and even came to be used as a
4152:
4007:
3821:
3687:
3643:
3560:
2877:
2738:
2708:
2648:
1946:
1686:
1646:
1556:
1309:
1297:
1286:
1159:"Fire and the dynamics of Fitzroya cupressoides (alerce) forests of Chile's Cordillera Pelada"
929:
872:
860:
682:
614:
4012:
3692:
3191:
3161:
2748:
2698:
2668:
2600:
2520:
1415:
1333:
1261:
1180:
1115:
1077:
1022:
986:
959:
921:
893:
852:
787:
721:
670:
599:
526:
510:
446:
381:
342:
332:
3963:
3994:
3299:
2837:
1819:
1719:
1343:
732:
514:
491:
285:
4038:
1363:
1257:
1176:
917:
4033:
3538:
3323:
2285:
1865:
1676:
1013:
648:
644:
595:
450:
393:
377:
369:
350:
252:
136:
1265:
1060:
50:
4252:
3958:
3421:
3352:
3238:
3181:
2079:
1993:
1888:
1481:
1472:
1301:
1163:
1056:
778:
389:
199:
79:
17:
1120:
1103:
1082:
1027:
941:
769:
629:
in 1599 Chiloé gained increased importance as the only locale that could supply the
4235:
4157:
4116:
3826:
3757:
3389:
3266:
1955:
1524:
1405:
1184:
897:
717:
713:
618:
498:
420:
292:
189:
3565:
3552:
925:
654:
4143:
4090:
3523:
4077:
3906:
3793:
3612:
3532:
3398:
3275:
3129:
3106:
1842:
701:
591:
428:
404:
179:
2025:
1756:
1424:
1373:
1068:
483:
373:
149:
3784:
396:
reported finding a specimen of 12.6m circumference (some 4.01m in diameter).
3867:
3573:
3215:
2491:
2152:
1547:
963:
469:
416:
306:
4222:
3744:
1233:
933:
814:
4103:
3999:
317:, and only to the Argentine Andes, where it is an important member of the
4217:
4137:
4098:
3778:
3739:
3517:
3445:
3361:
2468:
674:
473:
439:
408:
3846:
4170:
3885:
3836:
3591:
1710:
749:
696:
burned down huge tracts of forested lands to provide cleared lands for
296:
169:
159:
3911:
3617:
990:
3808:
461:
3494:
1102:
TorrejĂłn g, F.; Cisternas v, M.; Alvial c, I.; Torres r, L. (2011).
1157:
Lara, A.; Fraver, S.; Aravena, J.C.; Wolodarsky-Franke, F. (1999),
4196:
4085:
3924:
3872:
3578:
3152:
653:
412:
328:
314:
310:
288:
123:
96:
90:
3630:
837:
613:
grew. The wood was economically important in colonial Chiloé and
3859:
622:
424:
400:
365:
3498:
1377:
1369:
ents-bbs.org / Chile Trip Part 3: Parque
Nacional Alerce Andino
609:
in 1567 most of the islands were covered by dense forest where
708:. One of the most famous intentional fires was the one of the
602:
are known to have used the wood for making tools and weapons.
637:
wood, the first large shipment of which left Chiloé in 1641.
594:, implying that it has been used since at least 13,000 years
541:
A large tree showing the bark peeling in longitudinal strips.
490:
and southern South
America, which botanists identify as the
372:
diameter. Its rough pyramidal canopy provides cover for the
419:
species, with male and female cones on separate trees. The
1359:
Conifers Around the World: Fitzroya cupressoides – Alerce
768:
Premoli, A.; Quiroga, P.; Souto, C.; Gardner, M. (2013).
677:
was colonized by Spain and then Chile, numerous fires of
956:
Is the world's oldest tree growing in a ravine in Chile?
476:. The 35-million-year-old (Oligocene) fossil was named
407:
whorls of three, 3–6 mm long (to 8 mm long on
1232:
Devall, M. S.; Parresol, B. R.; Armesto, J. J. (1998).
720:
in 1863. This burning was done taking advantage of a
4127:
3768:
3507:
3444:
3420:
3397:
3387:
3360:
3350:
3322:
3298:
3274:
3264:
3237:
3214:
3151:
3128:
3105:
3084:
2613:
2499:
2490:
2467:
2284:
2151:
2078:
2024:
2001:
1991:
1954:
1944:
1887:
1864:
1841:
1818:
1755:
1732:
1709:
1546:
1523:
1480:
1470:
1423:
1413:
1304:; Silva V., Fernando; Estelle M., Patricio (1974).
30:This article is about the tree. For the name, see
1364:ents-bbs.org / Tall trees in Chile and Argentina?
1200:
1198:
669:From about 1750 to 1943, when the land between
521:grow mainly at some altitude above sea level.
497:About 40 to 50 thousand years ago, during the
1389:
793:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T30926A2798574.en
449:) age for any living tree species, after the
411:) and 2 mm broad, marked with two white
8:
1097:
1095:
1093:
565:A first-year seedling with juvenile leaves.
3495:
3394:
3357:
3271:
2496:
1998:
1951:
1477:
1420:
1396:
1382:
1374:
1308:(1995 ed.). Editorial Universitaria.
1218:
1216:
1214:
313:mountains and coastal regions of southern
260:
68:
49:
38:
1119:
1081:
1026:
791:
4304:Flora of the Valdivian temperate forests
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
865:EcologĂa de los bosques nativos de Chile
1829:
760:
605:By the time of the Spanish conquest of
531:
482:. The finding demonstrates the ancient
380:. The largest known living specimen is
3333:
2455:
2445:
2435:
2425:
2415:
2405:
2395:
2385:
2375:
2365:
2355:
2345:
2335:
2325:
2315:
2305:
2295:
1875:
1242:stand in the Cordillera Pelada, Chile"
525:stands near sea level are most likely
3431:
3248:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2109:
2099:
2089:
1928:
1918:
1908:
1898:
1511:
1501:
1491:
902:Tree Rings in Southern South America"
898:"A 3620-Year Temperature Record from
7:
3987:7b82ef35-037f-44a7-8689-85e009d5ca36
3680:6fc96ba8-0ca8-4442-b1b0-fe616ee03af6
2012:
1975:
1965:
1534:
1353:in Encyclopedia of the Chilean Flora
1007:; Leon, Ana; Roig, Fidel A. (2004).
3408:
3285:
3139:
3116:
1852:
779:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
590:wood has been found in the site of
577:Mature seed cones with open scales.
349:. The genus was named in honour of
3094:
2065:
2055:
2045:
2035:
1806:
1796:
1786:
1776:
1766:
1454:
1444:
1434:
25:
4294:Endangered flora of South America
3225:
3068:
3058:
3048:
3038:
3028:
3018:
3008:
2998:
2988:
2978:
2968:
2958:
2948:
2938:
2928:
2918:
2908:
2898:
2888:
2878:
2868:
2858:
2848:
2838:
2828:
2809:
2799:
2789:
2779:
2769:
2759:
2749:
2739:
2729:
2719:
2709:
2699:
2689:
2679:
2669:
2659:
2649:
2639:
2629:
2601:
2591:
2581:
2571:
2561:
2551:
2541:
2531:
2521:
2511:
2272:
2262:
2252:
2242:
2232:
2222:
2212:
2202:
2192:
2182:
2172:
2162:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1667:
1657:
1647:
1637:
1627:
1617:
1607:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1567:
1557:
867:(in Spanish). Santiago de Chile:
698:German settlers in Southern Chile
4259:IUCN Red List endangered species
4210:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196966-2
4065:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:105034-2
3475:
3465:
3455:
3371:
2478:
1743:
1234:"Dendroecological analysis of a
570:
558:
546:
534:
392:in the 19th and 20th centuries;
110:
3732:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:13466-1
3309:
1720:
1121:10.4067/S0718-22442011000200006
1083:10.4067/S0718-22442011000200005
1028:10.4067/S0716-02082004000100008
456:A team of researchers from the
1185:10.1080/11956860.1999.11952199
553:A branchlet with adult leaves.
1:
3202:
3192:
3182:
3172:
3162:
1266:10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00221-7
1246:Forest Ecology and Management
926:10.1126/science.260.5111.1104
273:in South-Central Chile (red)
979:Australian Systematic Botany
663:Alerce Costero National Park
386:Alerce Costero National Park
735:still occasionally occurs.
319:Valdivian temperate forests
4320:
1014:Revista GeolĂłgica de Chile
29:
1108:Magallania (Punta Arenas)
745:List of superlative trees
268:
259:
242:
235:
107:Scientific classification
105:
88:
66:
57:
48:
41:
4269:Monotypic conifer genera
1769:. austrocaledonicus
438:may be an adaptation to
305:, is a tall, long-lived
3288:. glyptostroboides
964:10.1126/science.add1051
869:Editorial Universitaria
692:In the 1850s and 1860s
627:destruction of Valdivia
321:. Common names include
4289:Flora of central Chile
3374:. cryptomerioides
958:(Report). 2022-05-20.
838:Gymnosperm Database –
666:
458:University of Tasmania
4026:Fitzroya cupressoides
3814:fitzroya-cupressoides
3800:Fitzroya cupressoides
3770:Fitzroya cupressoides
3701:Paleobiology Database
2175:. austrotibetica
1901:. cedarbergensis
1351:Fitzroya cupressoides
1335:Fitzroya cupressoides
1298:Villalobos R., Sergio
1236:Fitzroya cupressoides
900:Fitzroya cupressoides
840:Fitzroya cupressoides
772:Fitzroya cupressoides
694:Vicente PĂ©rez Rosales
657:
641:Fitzroya cupressoides
588:Fitzroya cupressoides
513:and the area west of
503:Llanquihue glaciation
362:Fitzroya cupressoides
302:Fitzroya cupressoides
246:Fitzroya cupressoides
18:Fitzroya cupressoides
3205:. sutchuenensis
3031:. saltillensis
3001:. occidentalis
2961:. horizontalis
2901:. coahuilensis
2732:. pseudosabina
2662:. foetidissima
2368:. guadalupensis
1640:. neocaledonica
1281:Otero, Luis (2006).
871:. pp. 169–198.
815:"Appendices | CITES"
786:: e.T30926A2798574.
295:. The single living
228:F. cupressoides
3312:. sempervirens
3251:. vietnamensis
3175:. occidentalis
3011:. osteosperma
2931:. durangensis
2891:. californica
2861:. barbadensis
2831:. angosturana
2812:. wallichiana
2772:. semiglobosa
2574:. lutchuensis
2458:. stephensonii
2275:. vietnamensis
2245:. sempervirens
2015:. nootkatensis
1746:. cupressoides
1580:. columellaris
1447:. selaginoides
1437:. cupressoides
1285:. Pehuén Editores.
1258:1998ForEM.108..135D
1177:1999Ecosc...6..100L
1005:Villagrán, Carolina
918:1993Sci...260.1104L
857:Villagrán, Carolina
631:Viceroyalty of Peru
486:affinities between
341:(Spanish, from the
60:Conservation status
4279:Trees of Argentina
4274:Flora of the Andes
4129:Pinus cupressoides
3061:. virginiana
3041:. scopulorum
2981:. monosperma
2871:. bermudiana
2722:. procumbens
2642:. convallium
2584:. macrocarpa
2514:. brevifolia
2255:. tonkinensis
2205:. duclouxiana
2185:. cashmeriana
2132:. taiwanensis
2092:. formosensis
1514:. pyramidalis
1342:2016-07-26 at the
1240:Nothofagus nitida
1222:Otero 2006, p. 86.
1147:Otero 2006, p. 73.
861:Arroyo, Mary Kalin
681:woods occurred in
667:
607:Chiloé Archipelago
434:The thick bark of
347:Patagonian cypress
345:name lahuén), and
216:Hook. f. ex Lindl.
4246:
4245:
4008:Open Tree of Life
3688:Open Tree of Life
3501:Taxon identifiers
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3478:. mucronatum
3383:
3382:
3346:
3345:
3260:
3259:
3195:. standishii
3165:. koraiensis
3142:. articulata
3119:. orientalis
3080:
3079:
3051:. standleyi
3021:. pinchotii
2991:. monticola
2971:. jaliscana
2851:. arizonica
2820:New World Species
2792:. thurifera
2762:. saltuaria
2692:. phoenicea
2682:. komarovii
2632:. chinensis
2622:Old World Species
2594:. oxycedrus
2564:. formosana
2438:. revealiana
2418:. nevadensis
2398:. macrocarpa
2388:. macnabiana
2378:. lusitanica
2298:. abramsiana
2215:. dupreziana
2102:. lawsoniana
2058:. macrolepis
1987:
1986:
1978:. lanceolata
1947:Cunninghamioideae
1940:
1939:
1789:. chevalieri
1670:. rhomboidea
1610:. macleayana
1600:. endlicheri
1590:. drummondii
1494:. acuminatus
1466:
1465:
1306:Historia de Chile
1302:Silva G., Osvaldo
991:10.1071/SB9960867
853:Veblen, Thomas T.
683:Cordillera Pelada
617:, which exported
415:lines. This is a
277:
276:
217:
100:
83:
16:(Redirected from
4311:
4299:Dioecious plants
4239:
4238:
4226:
4225:
4213:
4212:
4200:
4199:
4187:
4186:
4174:
4173:
4161:
4160:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4120:
4119:
4107:
4106:
4094:
4093:
4081:
4080:
4068:
4067:
4055:
4054:
4042:
4041:
4029:
4028:
4016:
4015:
4003:
4002:
3990:
3989:
3980:
3979:
3967:
3966:
3954:
3953:
3941:
3940:
3928:
3927:
3915:
3914:
3902:
3901:
3889:
3888:
3876:
3875:
3863:
3862:
3850:
3849:
3840:
3839:
3830:
3829:
3817:
3816:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3761:
3760:
3748:
3747:
3735:
3734:
3722:
3721:
3709:
3708:
3696:
3695:
3683:
3682:
3673:
3672:
3660:
3659:
3647:
3646:
3634:
3633:
3621:
3620:
3608:
3607:
3595:
3594:
3582:
3581:
3569:
3568:
3556:
3555:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3496:
3477:
3468:. distichum
3467:
3458:. ascendens
3457:
3433:
3410:
3395:
3373:
3358:
3336:. giganteum
3335:
3311:
3287:
3272:
3250:
3228:. dolabrata
3227:
3204:
3194:
3184:
3174:
3164:
3141:
3118:
3097:. decussata
3096:
3070:
3060:
3050:
3040:
3030:
3020:
3010:
3000:
2990:
2980:
2970:
2960:
2951:. gamboana
2950:
2941:. flaccida
2940:
2930:
2921:. deppeana
2920:
2911:. comitana
2910:
2900:
2890:
2880:
2870:
2860:
2850:
2840:
2830:
2811:
2802:. tibetica
2801:
2791:
2782:. squamata
2781:
2771:
2761:
2751:
2741:
2731:
2721:
2711:
2701:
2691:
2681:
2671:
2661:
2651:
2641:
2631:
2603:
2593:
2583:
2573:
2563:
2553:
2543:
2533:
2523:
2513:
2497:
2481:. hodginsii
2480:
2457:
2448:. sargentii
2447:
2437:
2427:
2417:
2407:
2397:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2358:. goveniana
2357:
2347:
2337:
2328:. benthamii
2327:
2317:
2308:. arizonica
2307:
2297:
2274:
2264:
2254:
2244:
2234:
2224:
2214:
2204:
2195:. chengiana
2194:
2184:
2174:
2165:. atlantica
2164:
2141:
2131:
2121:
2111:
2101:
2091:
2068:. rupestris
2067:
2057:
2048:. formosana
2047:
2038:. decurrens
2037:
2014:
1999:
1977:
1967:
1952:
1930:
1921:. schwarzii
1920:
1911:. nodiflora
1910:
1900:
1877:
1854:
1831:
1809:. yateensis
1808:
1798:
1788:
1779:. bidwillii
1778:
1768:
1745:
1722:
1700:. verrucosa
1699:
1689:
1679:
1669:
1659:
1649:
1639:
1629:
1620:. monticola
1619:
1609:
1599:
1589:
1579:
1570:. canescens
1569:
1559:
1537:. chilensis
1536:
1513:
1504:. arenarius
1503:
1493:
1478:
1457:. laxifolia
1456:
1446:
1436:
1421:
1416:Athrotaxidoideae
1398:
1391:
1384:
1375:
1319:
1270:
1269:
1252:(1–2): 135–145.
1229:
1223:
1220:
1209:
1202:
1193:
1192:
1187:, archived from
1154:
1148:
1145:
1139:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1099:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1065:
1053:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1030:
1001:
995:
994:
974:
968:
967:
952:
946:
945:
912:(5111): 1104–6.
889:
883:
882:
849:
843:
835:
829:
828:
826:
825:
811:
805:
804:
802:
800:
795:
765:
712:forests between
600:Huilliche people
574:
562:
550:
538:
451:bristlecone pine
382:Alerce Milenario
269:Distribution of
264:
248:
215:
115:
114:
94:
77:
72:
71:
53:
39:
27:Species of plant
21:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4234:
4229:
4221:
4216:
4208:
4203:
4195:
4190:
4182:
4177:
4169:
4164:
4156:
4151:
4142:
4141:
4136:
4123:
4115:
4110:
4102:
4097:
4089:
4084:
4076:
4071:
4063:
4058:
4050:
4045:
4037:
4032:
4024:
4019:
4011:
4006:
3998:
3995:Observation.org
3993:
3985:
3983:
3975:
3970:
3962:
3957:
3949:
3944:
3936:
3931:
3923:
3918:
3910:
3905:
3897:
3892:
3884:
3879:
3871:
3866:
3858:
3853:
3845:
3843:
3835:
3833:
3825:
3820:
3812:
3807:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3764:
3756:
3751:
3743:
3738:
3730:
3725:
3717:
3712:
3704:
3699:
3691:
3686:
3678:
3676:
3668:
3663:
3655:
3650:
3642:
3637:
3629:
3624:
3616:
3611:
3603:
3598:
3590:
3585:
3577:
3572:
3564:
3559:
3551:
3546:
3537:
3536:
3531:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3503:
3493:
3484:
3481:
3440:
3437:
3434:. pensilis
3416:
3411:. japonica
3379:
3342:
3339:
3318:
3315:
3294:
3291:
3256:
3233:
3210:
3147:
3124:
3101:
3076:
3071:. zanonii
2881:. blancoi
2815:
2742:. recurva
2712:. procera
2652:. excelsa
2609:
2554:. drupacea
2544:. conferta
2534:. communis
2486:
2463:
2338:. forbesii
2280:
2265:. torulosa
2235:. gigantea
2225:. funebris
2147:
2142:. thyoides
2122:. pisifera
2074:
2071:
2020:
1983:
1968:. konishii
1936:
1883:
1878:. uviferum
1860:
1837:
1832:. pancheri
1820:Neocallitropsis
1814:
1751:
1728:
1705:
1660:. preissii
1630:. muelleri
1542:
1519:
1462:
1409:
1402:
1344:Wayback Machine
1330:
1316:
1296:
1278:
1273:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1212:
1208:. 1974, p. 457.
1203:
1196:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1138:. 1974, p. 225.
1133:
1129:
1101:
1100:
1091:
1063:
1055:
1054:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1003:
1002:
998:
976:
975:
971:
954:
953:
949:
891:
890:
886:
879:
851:
850:
846:
836:
832:
823:
821:
813:
812:
808:
798:
796:
767:
766:
762:
758:
741:
733:illegal logging
722:drought in 1863
706:ReloncavĂ Sound
635:F. cupressoides
611:F. cupressoides
585:
578:
575:
566:
563:
554:
551:
542:
539:
515:Llanquihue Lake
492:Antarctic flora
468:species on the
436:F. cupressoides
364:is the largest
359:
271:F. cupressoides
255:
250:
244:
231:
214:
109:
101:
84:
73:
69:
62:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4317:
4315:
4307:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4284:Trees of Chile
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4251:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4240:
4236:wfo-0000481271
4227:
4214:
4201:
4188:
4175:
4162:
4149:
4133:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4117:wfo-0000691255
4108:
4095:
4082:
4069:
4056:
4043:
4030:
4017:
4004:
3991:
3981:
3968:
3955:
3942:
3929:
3916:
3903:
3890:
3877:
3864:
3851:
3841:
3834:Conifers.org:
3831:
3818:
3805:
3790:
3774:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3758:wfo-4000014824
3749:
3736:
3723:
3710:
3697:
3684:
3674:
3661:
3648:
3635:
3622:
3609:
3596:
3583:
3570:
3557:
3544:
3529:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3490:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3471:
3461:
3450:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3426:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3403:
3401:
3392:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3366:
3364:
3355:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3328:
3326:
3324:Sequoiadendron
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3304:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3280:
3278:
3269:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3243:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3220:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3198:
3188:
3185:. plicata
3178:
3168:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3134:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3111:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3064:
3054:
3044:
3034:
3024:
3014:
3004:
2994:
2984:
2974:
2964:
2954:
2944:
2934:
2924:
2914:
2904:
2894:
2884:
2874:
2864:
2854:
2844:
2834:
2817:
2816:
2805:
2795:
2785:
2775:
2765:
2755:
2752:. sabina
2745:
2735:
2725:
2715:
2705:
2702:. pingii
2695:
2685:
2675:
2672:. indica
2665:
2655:
2645:
2635:
2620:
2618:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2597:
2587:
2577:
2567:
2557:
2547:
2537:
2527:
2524:. cedrus
2517:
2506:
2504:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2473:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2451:
2441:
2431:
2428:. pygmaea
2421:
2411:
2408:. montana
2401:
2391:
2381:
2371:
2361:
2351:
2341:
2331:
2321:
2311:
2301:
2290:
2288:
2286:Hesperocyparis
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2258:
2248:
2238:
2228:
2218:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2178:
2168:
2157:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2125:
2115:
2105:
2095:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2030:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2007:
2005:
1996:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1971:
1960:
1958:
1949:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1924:
1914:
1904:
1893:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1870:
1868:
1866:Pilgerodendron
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1855:. papuana
1847:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1824:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1802:
1799:. plumosa
1792:
1782:
1772:
1761:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1738:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1723:. archeri
1715:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1693:
1690:. sulcata
1683:
1673:
1663:
1653:
1650:. oblonga
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1563:
1560:. baileyi
1552:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1507:
1497:
1486:
1484:
1475:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1450:
1440:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1347:
1337:in Chilebosque
1329:
1328:External links
1326:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1294:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1224:
1210:
1194:
1171:(1): 100–109,
1149:
1140:
1127:
1089:
1057:Urbina, Ximena
1041:
1021:(1): 133–151.
996:
969:
947:
884:
877:
844:
830:
806:
759:
757:
754:
753:
752:
747:
740:
737:
649:real de alerce
645:local currency
596:before present
584:
581:
580:
579:
576:
569:
567:
564:
557:
555:
552:
545:
543:
540:
533:
479:F. tasmanensis
394:Charles Darwin
374:southern beech
358:
355:
351:Robert FitzRoy
309:native to the
293:cypress family
275:
274:
266:
265:
257:
256:
251:
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3502:
3497:
3480:
3479:
3472:
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3459:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3436:
3435:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3422:Glyptostrobus
3419:
3413:
3412:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3386:
3376:
3375:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3353:Taiwanioideae
3349:
3338:
3337:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3314:
3313:
3306:
3305:
3303:
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3297:
3290:
3289:
3282:
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3277:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3263:
3253:
3252:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3239:Xanthocyparis
3236:
3230:
3229:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3189:
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3186:
3179:
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3176:
3169:
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3159:
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3015:
3013:
3012:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2995:
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2853:
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2843:
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2841:. ashei
2835:
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2796:
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2606:
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2604:. rigida
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2348:. glabra
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2318:. bakeri
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2112:. obtusa
2106:
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2080:Chamaecyparis
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2017:
2016:
2009:
2008:
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1995:
1994:Cupressoideae
1990:
1980:
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1972:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1961:
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1953:
1950:
1948:
1943:
1933:
1932:
1931:. whytei
1925:
1923:
1922:
1915:
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1889:Widdringtonia
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1496:
1495:
1488:
1487:
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1483:
1482:Actinostrobus
1479:
1476:
1474:
1473:Callitroideae
1469:
1459:
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1451:
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1332:
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1327:
1321:
1317:
1315:956-11-1163-2
1311:
1307:
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1299:
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1291:956-16-0409-4
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1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:on 2014-08-27
1190:
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672:
671:MaullĂn River
664:
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568:
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537:
532:
530:
528:
524:
520:
517:. At present
516:
512:
511:Chiloé Island
508:
504:
500:
499:interstadials
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
480:
475:
472:of northwest
471:
467:
464:foliage of a
463:
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448:
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397:
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376:, laurel and
375:
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290:
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283:
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272:
267:
263:
258:
254:
249:
247:
241:
238:
237:Binomial name
234:
230:
229:
224:
221:
220:
213:
212:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:Callitroideae
198:
195:
194:
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188:
185:
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171:
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148:
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138:
137:Tracheophytes
135:
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125:
122:
119:
118:
113:
108:
104:
98:
92:
87:
81:
76:
65:
61:
56:
52:
47:
44:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4264:Cupressaceae
4128:
3769:
3508:
3473:
3463:
3453:
3429:
3406:
3390:Taxodioideae
3369:
3331:
3307:
3283:
3267:Sequoioideae
3246:
3223:
3200:
3190:
3180:
3170:
3160:
3137:
3114:
3092:
3066:
3056:
3046:
3036:
3026:
3016:
3006:
2996:
2986:
2976:
2966:
2956:
2946:
2936:
2926:
2916:
2906:
2896:
2886:
2876:
2866:
2856:
2846:
2836:
2826:
2819:
2818:
2807:
2797:
2787:
2777:
2767:
2757:
2747:
2737:
2727:
2717:
2707:
2697:
2687:
2677:
2667:
2657:
2647:
2637:
2627:
2621:
2615:
2599:
2589:
2579:
2569:
2559:
2549:
2539:
2529:
2519:
2509:
2501:
2476:
2453:
2443:
2433:
2423:
2413:
2403:
2393:
2383:
2373:
2363:
2353:
2343:
2333:
2323:
2313:
2303:
2293:
2270:
2260:
2250:
2240:
2230:
2220:
2210:
2200:
2190:
2180:
2170:
2160:
2137:
2127:
2117:
2107:
2097:
2087:
2063:
2053:
2043:
2033:
2010:
2003:Callitropsis
1973:
1963:
1956:Cunninghamia
1926:
1916:
1906:
1896:
1873:
1850:
1827:
1804:
1794:
1784:
1774:
1764:
1741:
1733:
1718:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1665:
1655:
1645:
1635:
1625:
1615:
1605:
1595:
1585:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1532:
1525:Austrocedrus
1509:
1499:
1489:
1452:
1442:
1432:
1406:Cupressaceae
1350:
1334:
1305:
1282:
1276:Bibliography
1249:
1245:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1205:
1189:the original
1168:
1162:
1152:
1143:
1135:
1130:
1111:
1107:
1076:(2): 57–73.
1073:
1067:
1032:. Retrieved
1018:
1012:
999:
982:
978:
972:
950:
909:
905:
899:
887:
864:
847:
839:
833:
822:. Retrieved
818:
809:
797:. Retrieved
783:
777:
771:
763:
728:
726:
718:Puerto Montt
714:Puerto Varas
709:
691:
686:
678:
668:
658:
640:
639:
634:
610:
604:
587:
586:
522:
518:
506:
496:
477:
465:
455:
447:growth rings
444:
435:
433:
398:
361:
360:
346:
337:
336:
323:
322:
301:
300:
280:
279:
278:
270:
245:
243:
227:
226:
210:
209:
190:Cupressaceae
150:Gymnospermae
143:
130:
42:
36:
4039:kew-2813201
3907:iNaturalist
3794:Wikispecies
3613:iNaturalist
3533:Wikispecies
3399:Cryptomeria
3276:Metasequoia
3130:Tetraclinis
3107:Platycladus
1843:Papuacedrus
1680:. roei
1204:Villalobos
1134:Villalobos
1034:13 November
894:Villalba, R
799:19 November
727:Logging of
702:Bueno River
592:Monte Verde
488:Australasia
429:pollination
357:Description
253:I.M.Johnst.
196:Subfamily:
180:Cupressales
4253:Categories
4034:Plant List
3388:Subfamily
3351:Subfamily
3265:Subfamily
3086:Microbiota
2026:Calocedrus
1992:Subfamily
1945:Subfamily
1757:Libocedrus
1471:Subfamily
1425:Athrotaxis
1414:Subfamily
1164:Écoscience
1069:Magallania
985:(6): 867.
878:9561112841
824:2022-01-14
756:References
661:forest at
462:fossilized
156:Division:
93:Appendix I
75:Endangered
4144:Q17363885
3524:Q12981821
3216:Thujopsis
2502:Juniperus
2492:Juniperus
2153:Cupressus
1548:Callitris
1355:(Spanish)
1346:(Spanish)
1114:(2): 75.
892:Lara, A;
819:cites.org
484:floristic
470:Lea River
417:dioecious
409:seedlings
405:decussate
286:monotypic
222:Species:
170:Pinopsida
160:Pinophyta
120:Kingdom:
4223:50183121
4218:Tropicos
4197:196966-2
4138:Wikidata
4099:Tropicos
4086:Species+
3938:10801677
3925:105034-2
3837:Fitzroya
3779:Wikidata
3745:40038274
3740:Tropicos
3539:Fitzroya
3518:Wikidata
3509:Fitzroya
3446:Taxodium
3362:Taiwania
2614:Section
2500:Section
2469:Fokienia
1734:Fitzroya
1340:Archived
1059:(2011).
942:46397540
934:17806339
896:(1993).
863:(eds.).
739:See also
729:Fitzroya
710:Fitzroya
687:Fitzroya
679:Fitzroya
675:Valdivia
665:, Chile.
659:Fitzroya
615:Valdivia
523:Fitzroya
519:Fitzroya
507:Fitzroya
474:Tasmania
466:Fitzroya
440:wildfire
413:stomatal
281:Fitzroya
211:Fitzroya
186:Family:
80:IUCN 3.1
43:Fitzroya
4171:5284293
4104:9400406
3886:2684353
3860:1034864
3785:Q847304
3644:1013187
3631:13466-1
3592:2684352
3300:Sequoia
1711:Diselma
1408:species
1404:Extant
1254:Bibcode
1173:Bibcode
914:Bibcode
906:Science
583:History
527:relicts
501:of the
403:are in
343:Mapuche
333:Spanish
307:conifer
297:species
291:in the
206:Genus:
176:Order:
166:Class:
124:Plantae
95: (
78: (
32:Fitzroy
4047:PLANTS
4013:791262
4000:438775
3984:NZOR:
3977:103972
3951:194880
3912:135931
3844:ECOS:
3809:ARKive
3714:PLANTS
3706:315288
3693:791261
3677:NZOR:
3670:103971
3657:194878
3618:129792
3553:173750
2616:Sabina
1323:Press.
1312:
1289:
1238:and a
940:
932:
875:
647:, the
619:planks
598:. The
460:found
401:leaves
390:logged
378:myrtle
338:lahuén
324:alerce
4184:28434
4158:4J259
4091:27947
4052:FICU2
3964:30926
3933:IRMNG
3899:17114
3873:FIZCU
3827:6J6YS
3719:FITZR
3639:IRMNG
3605:17306
3579:1FIZG
3153:Thuja
1206:et al
1136:et al
1064:(PDF)
938:S2CID
633:with
425:seeds
421:cones
370:trunk
331:" in
329:larch
315:Chile
311:Andes
289:genus
284:is a
144:Clade
131:Clade
97:CITES
91:CITES
4205:POWO
4192:IPNI
4179:GRIN
4166:GBIF
4078:7233
4060:POWO
4021:PfaF
3972:NCBI
3959:IUCN
3946:ITIS
3920:IPNI
3894:GRIN
3881:GBIF
3868:EPPO
3847:6706
3727:POWO
3665:NCBI
3652:ITIS
3626:IPNI
3600:GRIN
3587:GBIF
3574:EPPO
3566:4K9L
3548:APNI
1310:ISBN
1287:ISBN
1036:2015
930:PMID
873:ISBN
801:2021
784:2013
750:Ă‘adi
716:and
673:and
623:Peru
399:The
366:tree
4231:WFO
4153:CoL
4112:WFO
4073:RHS
3855:EoL
3822:CoL
3753:WFO
3561:CoL
1262:doi
1250:108
1181:doi
1116:doi
1078:doi
1023:doi
987:doi
960:doi
922:doi
910:260
788:doi
704:to
621:to
384:in
335:),
4255::
4233::
4220::
4207::
4194::
4181::
4168::
4155::
4140::
4114::
4101::
4088::
4075::
4062::
4049::
4036::
4023::
4010::
3997::
3974::
3961::
3948::
3935::
3922::
3909::
3896::
3883::
3870::
3857::
3824::
3811::
3796::
3781::
3755::
3742::
3729::
3716::
3703::
3690::
3667::
3654::
3641::
3628::
3615::
3602::
3589::
3576::
3563::
3550::
3535::
3520::
2822::
2624::
1300:;
1260:.
1248:.
1244:.
1213:^
1197:^
1179:,
1167:,
1161:,
1112:39
1110:.
1106:.
1092:^
1074:39
1072:.
1066:.
1044:^
1019:31
1017:.
1011:.
981:.
936:.
928:.
920:.
908:.
904:.
859:;
817:.
782:.
776:.
529:.
505:,
494:.
442:.
431:.
353:.
327:("
299:,
146::
133::
3476:T
3466:T
3456:T
3432:G
3409:C
3372:T
3334:S
3310:S
3286:M
3249:X
3226:T
3203:T
3193:T
3183:T
3173:T
3163:T
3140:T
3117:P
3095:M
3069:J
3059:J
3049:J
3039:J
3029:J
3019:J
3009:J
2999:J
2989:J
2979:J
2969:J
2959:J
2949:J
2939:J
2929:J
2919:J
2909:J
2899:J
2889:J
2879:J
2869:J
2859:J
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2839:J
2829:J
2810:J
2800:J
2790:J
2780:J
2770:J
2760:J
2750:J
2740:J
2730:J
2720:J
2710:J
2700:J
2690:J
2680:J
2670:J
2660:J
2650:J
2640:J
2630:J
2602:J
2592:J
2582:J
2572:J
2562:J
2552:J
2542:J
2532:J
2522:J
2512:J
2479:F
2456:H
2446:H
2436:H
2426:H
2416:H
2406:H
2396:H
2386:H
2376:H
2366:H
2356:H
2346:H
2336:H
2326:H
2316:H
2306:H
2296:H
2273:C
2263:C
2253:C
2243:C
2233:C
2223:C
2213:C
2203:C
2193:C
2183:C
2173:C
2163:C
2140:C
2130:C
2120:C
2110:C
2100:C
2090:C
2066:C
2056:C
2046:C
2036:C
2013:C
1976:C
1966:C
1929:W
1919:W
1909:W
1899:W
1876:P
1853:P
1830:N
1807:L
1797:L
1787:L
1777:L
1767:L
1744:F
1721:D
1698:C
1688:C
1678:C
1668:C
1658:C
1648:C
1638:C
1628:C
1618:C
1608:C
1598:C
1588:C
1578:C
1568:C
1558:C
1535:A
1512:A
1502:A
1492:A
1455:A
1445:A
1435:A
1397:e
1390:t
1383:v
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1183::
1175::
1169:6
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1118::
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1025::
993:.
989::
983:9
966:.
962::
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924::
916::
881:.
827:.
803:.
790::
774:"
770:"
99:)
82:)
34:.
20:)
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