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The flame-throated bulbul is about 18 cm long with an olive-green back and yellow underparts, a squarish black head without a crest, an orange-red throat. The iris is white and contrasts with the dark head. The legs are brown and the gape is yellowish-pink. The bill is dark brown to black. The
296:
it has since been elevated to the status of a full species. They are olive-backed with yellow undersides, a triangular orange-red throat and a white iris that stands out against the contrasting black head. They are usually seen foraging in groups in the forest canopy for berries and small insects.
745:
The breeding season is mostly from
February to April. The nest is a small cup, placed in undergrowth from 1 to 3 metres from the ground level and is usually made of yellowing leaves bound with cobwebs and can easily be mistaken for a wind-blown accumulation of dry leaves.
632:
and called the "ruby-throated bulbul" (although this name was published later). This was subsequently included as a subspecies of a larger number of similar bulbuls in the Asian region under a broadly circumscribed
47:
720:
The flame-throated bulbul is found in the
Western Ghats from southern Maharashtra and Goa southwards. It is a bird of forest that is only rarely seen at the edges of forests or inside coffee plantations.
301:. The species has been referred to in the past by names such as ruby-throated bulbul and black-headed bulbul, but these are ambiguous and could apply to other species such as
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were closely related within a clade (the age of divergence from the common ancestor of its sister clades, however, has not been estimated in the study) that includes
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sp. It inhabits evergreen forests often along streams and valleys. The flame-throated bulbul feeds on fruit and insects, sometimes in
1470:
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Fishpool, L. D. C.; Tobias, J. A. (2005). "Family
Pycnonotidae (bulbuls).". In J. del Hoyo; A. Elliott; D. A. Christie (eds.).
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in
December 1835 (but published in 1836) based on a specimen in the Zoological Society of London that had been obtained from
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They have a call often with two or three tinkling notes that can sound similar to those produced by the
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836:"The phylogeny of the world's bulbuls (Pycnonotidae) inferred using a supermatrix approach"
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The flame-throated bulbul keeps in small flocks and feeds on berries, including those of
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of India was separated as the flame-throated bulbul. The crested populations in the
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1088:"Structure and composition of two bird communities in the southern Western Ghats"
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868:"[Summary of meeting chaired by William Yarrell on December 8, 1835]"
667:(2005) only included the Sri Lankan population which was referred to as the
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in this newer and narrower circumscription followed by Pamela
Rasmussen in
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and
Himalayas that lack the red throat which were treated as subspecies
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930:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 229.
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1038:"Species importance in a heterospecific foraging association network"
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624:. Viscount Walden suggested that this had already been described by
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Sridhar, Hari; Jordán, Ferenc; Shanker, Kartik (1 September 2013).
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1025:(2 ed.). New Delhi: Oxford University Press. pp. 73–74.
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Populations appear to move seasonally within the
Western Ghats.
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958:"Species-level changes proposed for Asian birds, 2005–2006"
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in southern India. Formerly included as a subspecies of
691:
leading to a placement of these species in a new genus
1023:
Handbook of the Birds of India and
Pakistan. Volume 6
995:. Version 10.2. International Ornithological Congress
811:"Catalogue of the birds of the peninsula of India..."
1319:
1162:
788:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103826116A104339313.en
924:Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr., eds. (1960).
927:Check-list of the birds of the World. Volume IX
872:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London
712:plumage of young birds has not been described.
834:Shakya, Subir B; Sheldon, Frederick H (2017).
1092:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
945:. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. 124–250.
943:Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume 10
8:
671:. A 2017 study noted that the Western Ghats
594:Near relatives of the flame-throated bulbul
1150:
608:. Gould noted that it was very similar to
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288:. It is found only in the forests of the
814:Madras Journal of Literature and Science
649:were also elevated into full species as
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1021:Ali, Salim; Ripley, S. Dillon (1996).
1016:
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985:; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (eds.).
7:
956:Collar, N.J.; Pilgrim, J.D. (2007).
1451:IUCN Red List least concern species
1086:Jayson, E.A.; Mathew, D.N. (2002).
774:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
506:
458:
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911:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1866.tb08615.x
665:Handbook of the Birds of the World
14:
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1065:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00101.x
91:
44:
763:BirdLife International (2016).
241:Pycnonotus melanicterus gularis
1:
1114:"The Birds of Coorg. Part I."
895:, Gould, to the Editor.]"
737:mixed species foraging flocks
707:The white iris is distinctive
600:The species was described by
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781:: e.T103826116A104339313.
350:Pycnonotus erythropthalmos
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38:Flame-throated bulbul at
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1117:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
889:Viscount Walden (1866).
716:Distribution and habitat
317:Taxonomy and systematics
1471:Birds described in 1836
657:Pycnonotus melanicterus
652:Pycnonotus flaviventris
635:Pycnonotus melanicterus
482:Pycnonotus melanicterus
434:Pycnonotus flaviventris
392:Pycnonotus cyaniventris
294:Pycnonotus flaviventris
1466:Endemic birds of India
708:
284:and the state bird of
24:Flame-throated bulbul
987:"Family Pycnonotidae"
809:Jerdon, T.C. (1839).
725:Behaviour and ecology
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304:Rubigula flaviventris
273:) is a member of the
265:flame-throated bulbul
1461:Birds of South India
1146:at Wikimedia Commons
375:Pycnonotus squamatus
299:red-whiskered bulbul
1057:2013Oikos.122.1325S
992:IOC World Bird List
669:black-capped bulbul
661:Birds of South Asia
58:Conservation status
1428:Pycnonotus-gularis
1321:Pycnonotus gularis
1144:Pycnonotus gularis
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630:Brachypus rubineus
466:Pycnonotus gularis
254:Pycnonotus gularis
246:Brachypus rubineus
1438:
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893:Brachypus gularis
853:10.1111/ibi.12464
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997:. Retrieved
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965:Birding Asia
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878:: 186. 1836.
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165:Pycnonotidae
151:Infraorder:
18:
1384:iNaturalist
1265:iNaturalist
1188:Wikispecies
1123:(1): 20–63.
1110:Betts, F.N.
794:19 November
699:Description
1445:Categories
1423:Xeno-canto
1098:(1): 8–25.
846:(3): 498.
820:: 234–269.
750:References
673:P. gularis
622:B. gularis
602:John Gould
277:family of
155:Passerides
1350:103826116
1336:Q12112548
1283:103826116
1221:103826116
1179:Q83024430
1073:1600-0706
685:P. dispar
681:P. montis
618:Brachypus
565:now genus
310:R. dispar
279:passerine
183:Species:
111:Kingdom:
105:Eukaryota
1456:Rubigula
1345:BirdLife
1330:Wikidata
1257:10960431
1216:BirdLife
1173:Wikidata
1112:(1951).
999:3 August
983:Gill, F.
971:: 14–30.
693:Rubigula
569:Rubigula
236:protonym
224:Synonyms
176:Rubigula
161:Family:
125:Chordata
121:Phylum:
115:Animalia
101:Domain:
78:IUCN 3.1
1415:3598329
1376:6085868
1296:1767022
1244:bkcbul1
1231:bkcbul1
1203:Avibase
1053:Bibcode
732:Lantana
454:
446:
362:
337:
329:
217:, 1836)
171:Genus:
141:Order:
131:Class:
76: (
42:, India
40:Dandeli
1402:916199
1389:144901
1309:194841
1270:793155
1071:
687:, and
626:Jerdon
275:bulbul
1363:4QMMM
1239:eBird
1228:BOW:
1045:Oikos
1041:(PDF)
961:(PDF)
612:(now
282:birds
215:Gould
1397:ITIS
1371:GBIF
1291:NCBI
1278:IUCN
1252:GBIF
1069:ISSN
1001:2020
899:Ibis
840:Ibis
796:2021
779:2016
307:and
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