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400:), she reached out to others. For example, in 1908, she led efforts by the New York chapter of the National Women's Committee to expose harsh working conditions in New York City's factories, foundries and hotels. She explained, "Should not the woman who spends the money which the employees help to provide take a special interest in their welfare, especially in that of the women wage earners?" In 1909, she created waves when, as the "wife of a banker," she "entertained one hundred members of the International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen at her summer home." In 1906, Republican Governor
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to Norway. (Her precise title was "Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary" for Norway.) At the time of her appointment, she could hardly have known that this role would soon require her to draw on her experience in helping refugees in the previous World War. Consequently, increasing tension in Europe and the imminent death of Turkish reformer AtatĂĽrk, compelled her to advise Secretary of State Hull to install Ismet Inonu as President of Turkey to assure a protectionist ally in the region.
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288:, who married her mother's brother William Phillips Jaffray (1845–1887), a New York dry goods merchant. When she was three years old, her mother, then 29, died. She and her two sisters, Caroline Elise and Ethel, were raised in and around New York City by her father and maternal grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Edward Somerville Jaffray. Aged six, she watched her first political torchlight parade, part of the
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533:. During a break in hearings on working conditions for farmworkers that she conducted in Dallas in March 1915, she accepted an offer to visit the Rio Grande area, where the United States was attempting to remain neutral as Mexican factions battled each other along the river. After watching the battle for
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Harriman increased her charitable and political activity. She turned her Mount Kisco home into a tuberculosis sanitarium. During the period of
American neutrality, she became a cofounder of the Committee of Mercy, which was created to help the women and children and other European noncombatants made
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In 1940, Germany invaded Norway with little warning, causing
Harriman and the rest of the American legation in Norway to join certain members of the Norwegian royal family and other refugees seeking protection hundreds of kilometers away in Sweden. In the chaos and bombardment, America suffered its
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Early in his second term, Roosevelt scrambled many of his diplomatic assignments. Norway, the fourth nation to grant woman suffrage (after New
Zealand, Australia and Finland), was considered "an obvious post for a woman diplomat." Thus, in 1937, Harriman was appointed as the United States' Minister
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magazine would report in 1934 that her "Sunday night salons have long been a
Washington institution." She would invite up to 32 guests with diverse viewpoints, then referee a thorough off-the-record discussion of a single controversial issue. She enforced two ground rules: no one was ever to grow
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Her husband became seriously ill in
February 1913, shortly before Wilson took office. After President Wilson's appointment, Washington, D.C. became their primary residence. While serving on the Commission on Industrial Relations, she also continued to serve in New York on the Bedford Reformatory
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In her illustrious career in public service, Mrs. Harriman has made singular and lasting contributions to the cause of peace and freedom. . . . In all of her endeavors, Mrs. Harriman has exemplified the spirit of selflessness, courage and service to the Nation, reflecting the highest credit on
624:." In her own words, this would cause "the triumphant members of the Roosevelt-before-the-Convention inner clique" to have "a little grey mark against me." However, "after Roosevelt's nomination she hastened to repair her mistake," and became one of Roosevelt's strongest supporters at the
828:, on August 31, 1967. Her daughter died on July 4, 1953, at age 55. Her granddaughter, Phyllis Russell Marcy Darling, of Eugene, Oregon, died on December 18, 2007, at age 88. Her grandson, Charles Howland Russell, of Carmel Valley, California, died on May 13, 1981, at age 60.
259:. "She led one of the suffrage parades down Fifth Avenue, worked on campaigns on child labor and safe milk and, as minister to Norway in World War II, organized evacuation efforts while hiding in a forest from the Nazi invasion." In her ninety-second year, U.S. President
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honored her by awarding her the first "Citation of Merit for
Distinguished Service." She often found herself in the middle of historic events. As she stated, "I think nobody can deny that I have always had through sheer luck a box seat at the America of my times."
599:," and "had to eke out her income by interior decorating and real estate" (while sharing her Washington home with well-paying guests). One such cohabitant in the first year of the Roosevelt Administration was the first woman cabinet member, Secretary of Labor
514:. Her husband's health continued to deteriorate, and he died on December 1, 1914. His prolonged illness, the resulting lack of income, and the expense of maintaining several homes had consumed nearly all of his net worth. Harriman never remarried.
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would benefit her husband, Harriman brought her family to Europe in June 1914. After meeting with leading
British and French officials while relations between the European powers deteriorated, they traveled through France to Karlsbad (then a part of
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in March 1944 before the camp's liberation by Soviet troops. And despite her decades of involvement in the
Democratic Party, she joined a bipartisan (but unsuccessful) effort to persuade Roosevelt's Republican opponent in the 1940 election,
466:. As Commons and Harriman wrote in their separate report (joined by a narrow majority of Commissioners), the Walsh report mistakenly focused on individual "scapegoats rather than on the system that produces the demand for scapegoats."
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Two of the most popular of the younger members of the hunting set, Miss
Florence Jaffray Hurst, daughter of F.W.J. Hurst and granddaughter of E.S. Jaffray, and J. Borden Harriman, son of Oliver Harriman, were wedded yesterday
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led to national publicity and leadership roles. She was elected as the first president of the "Women's National Wilson and Marshall Association," and organized mass meetings, and mass mailings, in support of his campaign.
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While the Wilson Administration ended in 1921, Harriman's Democratic activism did not. Syndicated columnist William Hard described her as "a candle for the party in its darkest days." She began serving as member of the
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661:. The rest of the American legation ultimately arrived safely in Sweden. Harriman is credited with arranging for the safety of other Americans and several members of the Norwegian royal family --
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movement in support of extending the vote to women, reportedly leading a parade of suffragists down Fifth Avenue. She also crusaded against unhealthy conditions in New York's tenements.
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Mrs. J. Borden Harriman, Minister to Norway at the beginning of World War II and an early crusader for social rights, died at her Georgetown home here today. She was 97 years old.
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in late July. After leaving Karlsbad on the last train crossing the frontier through Germany to France, they eventually returned to New York on an armed British vessel, the
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In 1955, at age 84, Harriman led a parade through the capital to protest "taxation without representation" in the District of Columbia. That year, she wrote in a
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to lead a contingent of "Independent Patriotic Women of America" in a preparedness parade. After the United States declared war on Germany, she organized the
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in 1920, but the District received no electoral votes for most of her life, so she effectively could not vote in presidential elections for several decades.
581:. Her first book, "From Pinafores to Politics," was published in 1923. She was often in the company of another widowed fixture of 1920s Washington, Senator
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932:"Mrs. J. Borden Harriman, Ex-Envoy, Dies at 97. Served in Norway at Time of Nazi Invasion in 1940 Given First Citation of Merit by Kennedy in April, 1963"
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She returned to the Nordic countries to complete the evacuation of current and future U.S. citizens through Finland on the United States Army transport
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699:. Her service in Norway, and the harrowing escape, became the subject of her next book, "Mission to the North," published in 1941. In July 1942, King
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Women's Motor Corps of the District of Columbia, and directed the Women's Motor Corps in France. From 1917 to 1919, she served as chair of the U.S.
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American Women Managers and Administrators: A Selective Biographical Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Leaders in Business, Education, and Government
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As a member of the Democratic National Committee, Harriman was also a District of Columbia delegate to the Party's conventions. In 1932, when the
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later described her as "the woman who was most responsible for helping to provide milk for dependent poor children in the great city of New York."
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herself and on this country. She has, indeed, earned the esteem and admiration of her countrymen and the enduring gratitude of this Republic.
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in 1961 gave three electoral votes to the District, so in 1964, at age 94, Harriman cast her first vote in a presidential election – for
428:, her leadership and organizing skills became increasingly directed toward the disenfranchised and impoverished. She was active in the
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For many years, Harriman led the life of a young society matron interested in charitable and civic activities. Her life revolved around
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letter to the editor that "the time has come for another Boston tea party" to end the disenfranchisement of the District's residents.
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In 1956, Life Magazine reported that, even at age 86, she continued to host dinners for twenty-two guests nearly every Sunday night.
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1668:"Talking it Over: Pre-Convention Differences Bring Family Opinions to Attention," Syracuse Herald-Journal, 1952-06-19 at 40.
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714:, Harriman continued to write on causes important to her, and wrote the foreword to the English-language edition booklet of
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1596:"Committee Wants Action: Letter to President Signed by 2,000 Urges Firm Stand," San Antonio Express, 1941-05-27, at p. 4.
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from Brownsville, she began to tend to the wounded and visited the smoking battlefields, before returning to Washington.
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Final Report of the Commission on Industrial Relations: Report of Commissioners John R. Commons and Florence J. Harriman
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The following year, Harriman found herself near the front lines of another war – the battle along the south side of the
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1497:(Associated Press), "Daisy Harriman is 70, But Don't Let That Fool You," Gallup (NM) Independent, 1941-03-12 at p. 5.
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In 1952, she campaigned on behalf of her cousin by marriage, W. Averell Harriman, in his unsuccessful run for the
361:
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657:, a U.S. military attaché assisting the evacuation while observing the war, was killed in a Luftwaffe attack on
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of Montana. She resided in a large home known as "Uplands," on a hill off Foxhall Road northwest of Georgetown.
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in 1920 (a position she would hold until the 1950s) and in 1922 became a founder and the first president of the
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1267:"'Enter Politics:' Mrs. J. Borden Harriman's Message to American Women." New York Herald, 1912-08-12, p. 2.
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41:
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Jane Eads, "Lady Democrats Fete Spry Daisy Harriman" in Morgantown (WV) Dominion-News, 1958-01-22 at p. 5.
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Examples of Welfare Work in the Cotton Industry: Conditions and Progress : New England and the South,
292:. "She later told of leaning over the bannister of her home at 615 Fifth Avenue, to hear visitors such as
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1389:"The Inside Story of Ethel Harriman's War Romance," Washington Post, 1918-02-10, (magazine section) p. 1.
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1319:"Walsh Would Have Government Seize All Colossal Fortunes," Atlanta Constitution, 1915-08-24 at p. 12.
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The Teapot Dome Scandal: How Big Oil Bought the Harding White House and Tried to Steal the Country
321:, a New York banker, an elder cousin of future cabinet secretary, New York Governor, and diplomat
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in August 1940. In January 1941, she officially left her position, became a vice-chair of the
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1614:"Norway's King Gives Honor to U.S. Minister," Wisconsin State Journal, 1942-07-31 at p. 8.
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Radio Address at the White House Conference on Children in a Democracy, Washington, D.C.
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1972:
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Ellsworth Barnard, "Wendell Willkie: Fighter for Freedom" 330-31 (U. Mass. Press 1971)
1128:"Florence Jaffray Hurst Harriman: A Register of Her Papers in the Library of Congress,"
792:
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Farm Women Work Hard: Mrs. J. Borden Harriman Investigates Conditions in the Southwest
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Harriman (in white) oversees a Democratic rally in Union Square, New York City, 1912
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Remarks Upon Presenting a Presidential Citation of Merit to Mrs. Florence Harriman
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1962:
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William Hard, "Men and Affairs," Charleston (WV) Daily Mail, 1930-07-21 at p. 6.
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Harriman, her husband and daughter found themselves in the middle of Europe as
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Harriman received a Citation of Merit for Distinguished Service, presented by
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nominated Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harriman did not support him. According to
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Between 1880 and 1888, she received private lessons at the home of financier
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National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection, Library of Congress
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Upon taking office, Wilson appointed Harriman as a member of the first U.S.
325:. The list of attendees at their wedding included past and future president
244:
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Alphabetical List of Chiefs of Mission and Principal Officials, 1778-2005
293:
256:
1638:," pp. 5-6 (English edition) (Poland Fights: NY 1944) (available in the
1605:"U.S. Envoys Call Lend Bill Vital," Oakland Tribune, 1941-01-26 at p. 1.
565:, and upon her return was an advocate for American participation in the
1341:
Bruce Kaufman, The Global Evolution of Industrial Relations: 86 (2004)
1203:"Florence J. Harriman," Encyclopædia Britannica, referenced 2008-03-01.
1191:
314:. She also attended the Misses Lockwood's Collegiate School for Girls.
757:
She served as the 3rd vice president of the board of directors of the
1819:
1477:"Florence Jaffray Harriman, "Mission to the North" (Lippincott 1941)
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James Trager, "Park Avenue: Street of Dreams" p. 160 (Athenaeum 1990)
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at the time of every presidential election since the adoption of the
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erupted in the summer of 1914. Hoping that the healing waters in the
1429:
The Lion's Pride: Theodore Roosevelt and His Family in Peace and War
960:"New York Streetscapes: Former Colony Club at 120 Madison Avenue,"
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1171:," (Henry Holt & Co., 1923) ASIN B00085GSYO (available in the
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477:
415:
360:
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and his wife Caroline. In 1871 she became a niece by marriage of
2011:
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refused to sign the caustic report written by Commission Chair
1009:"The Wedding Of Miss Hurst and Mr. Harriman at St. Thomas's"
482:
Heading the Washington Ambulance Corps in a Red Cross parade
2007:
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New York, N.Y.: "Poland fights," Polish Labor Group (1944)
865:
Zarembina, Natalia, and Harriman, Florence Jaffray Hurst,
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on April 18, 1963 (when she was 92 years old). It states:
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Art in the women's suffrage movement in the United States
841:
New York: Woman's Dept., National Civic Federation (1910)
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Harriman reportedly "lost most of her fortune during the
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New York State Reformatory for Women at Bedford, New York
1585:'American Legion' Docks with Royal and Plebeian Refugees
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Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution
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destitute by the war. In May 1916 she was recruited by
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Earned Place in Politics: Important Role of the Hostess
775:
Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
404:
appointed her as a member of the Board of Managers of
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Norway.org - the official site in the United States:
1308:"The Rise of Political Woman in the Election of 1912"
569:, and worked on behalf of world peace organizations.
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Centenary of Women's Suffrage Commemorative Fountain
1583:," in Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships; "
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angry, and no one was to repeat what had been said.
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1545:"'The First American Official Killed In This War,'"
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The Reminiscences of Mrs. Florence Jaffray Harriman
862:
New York: American Friends of German Freedom (1941)
860:
Norway Does Not Yield; The Story of the First Year,
718:"Oswiecim, Camp of Death," originally published in
211:
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110:
96:
84:
74:
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32:
280:to Civil War blockade runner and shipping magnate
1626:, "Obóz śmierci", Wydawnictwo WRN, Warszawa 1942.
689:Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies
503:), and were there when Austria-Hungary attacked
3080:History of labor relations in the United States
3049:Music and women's suffrage in the United States
2670:Women's suffrage organizations and publications
1554:Foreign Service Journal, December 2003 at 66; "
240:(July 21, 1870 – August 31, 1967) was an
2557:National Women's Rights Convention (1850–1869)
1682:'Daisy' Harriman Dies: Democratic Party Legend
1278:Fighting Tuberculosis in our Crowded Tenements
1192:Internet Movie Database entry for Ethel Borden
993:Crusader for Rights; Florence Jaffray Harriman
307:She was known throughout her life as "Daisy".
2023:
1792:
1710:. The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR). 2008-01-07
867:Oswiecim, Camp of Death (Underground Report),
8:
1684:," Meriden (CT) Journal, 1967-09-01 at p. 3.
1539:
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703:(then in exile) conferred upon Harriman the
424:As Harriman would later explain in her book
1732:Works by or about Florence Jaffray Harriman
743:, to run for Governor of New York in 1942.
726:. It was one of the first publications on
439:In 1912, Harriman's active support for the
3100:Ambassadors of the United States to Norway
2700:Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst Memorial
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2030:
2016:
2008:
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1471:
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29:
3033:Women's Suffrage Centennial silver dollar
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765:Voting rights in the District of Columbia
3105:American women civilians in World War II
2604:1920 United States presidential election
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1188:Broadway Database entry for Ethel Borden
1183:
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341:, and J. P. Morgan. They had one child,
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2844:Women's Rights National Historical Park
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1375:"J Borden Harriman Dying in Mt. Kisco,"
1280:," New York Times Magazine, 1912-10-13.
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2521:Suffragette bombing and arson campaign
1697:," Life Magazine, 1956-12-24 at p. 55.
1431:," pp. 118-19 (Oxford U. Press: 1999).
1363:J. Borden Harriman, Ex-Banker, is Dead
1256:"Banker’s Wife Dines Labor Delegates,"
1246:," New York Times, 1908-03-07 at p. 3.
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551:National Defense Advisory Commission's
474:World War I and the Mexican Revolution
317:In 1889, at age nineteen, she married
70:July 1, 1937 – April 22, 1940
2562:Trial of Susan B. Anthony (1872–1873)
2377:International Woman Suffrage Alliance
970:
968:
653:first military casualty when Captain
7:
3165:Progressive Era in the United States
2915:"The March of the Women" (1910 song)
2643:List of suffragists and suffragettes
2506:Women's Coronation Procession (1911)
982:" website, last accessed 2010-07-31.
887:List of suffragists and suffragettes
855:Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott (1941)
848:New York: H. Holt and Company (1923)
705:Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav
3155:20th-century American women writers
1815:United States Ambassadors to Norway
734:in English language, published in
640:Harriman with Norwegian Ambassador
2885:National Voting Rights Museum (US)
2849:Women's Suffrage National Monument
2665:Historiography of the Suffragettes
2619:Selma to Montgomery marches (1965)
1759:United States Ambassador to Norway
1640:Internet Archive:Open Source Books
1297:website, last accessed 2010-07-29.
1293:," January 19, 1940, reprinted at
1289:President Franklin D. Roosevelt, "
995:," The New York Times, 1963-04-19.
872:Harriman, Florence Jaffray Hurst,
858:Harriman, Florence Jaffray Hurst,
837:Harriman, Florence Jaffray Hurst,
759:National Conference On Citizenship
616:, "she unfortunately held out for
456:Commission on Industrial Relations
25:
2777:Turning Point Suffragist Memorial
1231:Women in Secret Crusade for Labor
978:," April 19, 1963, reprinted at "
529:and the armies of Mexican leader
2928:"Sister Suffragette" (1964 song)
2726:Women's Rights Pioneers Monument
2572:Woman Suffrage Procession (1913)
2542:Declaration of Sentiments (1848)
1996:
1818:
1808:
1418:," (D. Appleton & Co. 1918).
1416:American Women and the World War
710:After the United States entered
579:Woman's National Democratic Club
553:Committee on Women in Industry.
345:, born in 1897. Ethel worked on
3180:20th-century American diplomats
2741:Kate Sheppard National Memorial
2501:Battle of Downing Street (1910)
2144:1902 Commonwealth Franchise Act
1377:The New York Times, 1914-10-08.
1295:The American Presidency Project
1258:The New York Times, 1909-08-19.
980:The American Presidency Project
962:The New York Times, 2003-09-28.
693:House Foreign Affairs Committee
187:
18:Florence Jaffray Hurst Harriman
2552:Ohio Women's Convention (1850)
2537:Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
1558:," Life, 1940-05-14, at p. 32.
1556:'Daisy' Harriman Outruns Bombs
1402:," New York Times, 1915-03-20.
1365:," New York Times, 1914-12-02.
1244:Women in Society to Help Labor
1233:," New York Times, 1908-05-06.
1071:," New York Times, 1873-08-15.
525:, between supporters of rebel
412:Suffragist and social reformer
190: 1889; died
1:
3150:20th-century American writers
3140:Women in 20th-century warfare
3135:American women in World War I
1769:Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Jr.
1752:Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Jr.
1708:"Obituary of Phyllis Darling"
824:Harriman died at her home in
575:Democratic National Committee
561:Harriman participated in the
384:In 1903, she co-founded with
3175:Activists from New York City
2658:in majority-Muslim countries
2648:Timeline of women's suffrage
2587:Silent Sentinels (1917–1919)
2516:Open Christmas Letter (1914)
2465:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
897:Timeline of women's suffrage
851:Harriman, Florence Jaffray,
826:Georgetown, Washington, D.C.
732:Auschwitz Concentration Camp
353:, as an actress and writer.
3130:Washington, D.C., Democrats
3028:New Zealand ten-dollar note
2695:(Emmeline Pankhurst statue)
2609:"Give Us the Ballot" (1957)
2547:Rochester Convention (1848)
2332:Constitutional amendments:
2118:Women's liberation movement
846:From Pinafores to Politics,
563:Versailles Peace Conference
3201:
3125:Writers from New York City
3095:American women ambassadors
3090:New York (state) Democrats
3085:American women in politics
2567:Suffrage Hikes (1912–1914)
1587:," Life, 1940-09-09 at 30.
1527:U.S. Department of State,
1169:From Pinafores to Politics
1167:Mrs. J. Borden Harriman, "
844:Harriman, Mrs. J. Borden,
632:Diplomacy and World War II
426:From Pinafores to Politics
290:1876 presidential campaign
55:United States Minister to
3145:American social reformers
3035:(2020 U.S. commemorative)
2854:International Women's Day
2372:
1994:
1828:
1765:
1756:
1748:
1743:
1642:and accessed 2008-09-25).
1427:Edward J. Renehan, Jr., "
1175:and accessed 2010-07-31).
1130:Library of Congress 2002.
223:
106:
63:
48:
39:
34:Florence Jaffray Harriman
2938:Women's suffrage in film
2909:The Women's Marseillaise
2797:Suffragette Handkerchief
2675:Women's rights activists
2455:Hong Kong 1 July marches
365:Harriman circa 1910-1915
3039:2020 US ten-dollar bill
3023:Susan B. Anthony dollar
2960:Not for Ourselves Alone
2582:Suffrage Special (1916)
2511:Great Pilgrimage (1913)
2460:2014 Hong Kong protests
2058:Right to run for office
1636:Oswiecim, Camp of Death
1276:Florence J. Harriman, "
892:List of peace activists
691:, and testified in the
2706:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
2355:1965 Voting Rights Act
1569:A New Princess in Town
1543:J. Michael Cleverley,
1531:, accessed 2008-07-23.
817:
769:Harriman lived in the
645:
483:
421:
377:in New York City, and
366:
274:Florence Jaffray Hurst
120:Florence Jaffray Hurst
2687:Belmont–Paul Monument
2614:Freedom Summer (1964)
2491:Women's Sunday (1908)
1069:Funeral of Mrs. Hurst
853:Mission to the North,
820:Death and descendants
812:
663:Crown Princess Märtha
642:Wilhelm Morgenstierne
639:
535:Matamoros, Tamaulipas
481:
441:presidential campaign
434:Franklin D. Roosevelt
419:
379:Newport, Rhode Island
371:Mount Kisco, New York
364:
343:Ethel Borden Harriman
276:on July 21, 1870, in
268:Early life and family
102:Anthony Drexel Biddle
91:Anthony Drexel Biddle
79:Franklin D. Roosevelt
3110:American suffragists
2952:Shoulder to Shoulder
2921:The Mother of Us All
2864:Women's Equality Day
2859:Susan B. Anthony Day
2713:Suffragette Memorial
2318:District of Columbia
2088:Non-resident citizen
1581:" SS American Legion
1145:," Time, 1934-01-22.
1080:Judith A. Leavitt, "
787:The adoption of the
771:District of Columbia
701:Haakon VII of Norway
402:Charles Evans Hughes
331:Cornelius Vanderbilt
3115:American socialites
2819:Hunger Strike Medal
2496:Black Friday (1910)
1049:. September 7, 1887
1017:. November 14, 1889
938:. September 1, 1967
531:Venustiano Carranza
445:New Jersey Governor
339:John Jacob Astor IV
329:, railroad tycoons
323:W. Averell Harriman
3160:Pacifist feminists
3120:American pacifists
2962:(1999 documentary)
2829:Suffrage jewellery
2053:Universal suffrage
1680:Associated Press,"
1550:2019-01-13 at the
1453:," p. 189 (2008),
1449:Laton McCartney, "
1143:"New Harriman Deal
1047:The New York Times
1014:The New York Times
974:John F. Kennedy, "
958:Christopher Gray,
936:The New York Times
646:
547:American Red Cross
523:Brownsville, Texas
484:
422:
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319:J. Borden Harriman
272:Harriman was born
175:J. Borden Harriman
3057:
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2968:Iron Jawed Angels
2890:Umbrella Movement
2834:Suffragette penny
2748:Millicent Fawcett
2719:Portrait Monument
2627:
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2481:WSPU march (1906)
2298:African Americans
2216:Spain (Civil War,
2108:Compulsory voting
2005:
2004:
1775:
1774:
1766:Succeeded by
1744:Diplomatic posts
1624:Natalia Zarembina
1518:Time, 1937-04-12.
1483:978-1-135-46324-3
1084:," 102-03 (1985)
808:President Kennedy
802:Citation of Merit
716:Natalia Zarembina
665:and her children
567:League of Nations
543:Eleanor Roosevelt
390:Helen Hay Whitney
386:Ava Lowle Willing
302:Chester A. Arthur
298:James A. Garfield
255:, organizer, and
227:
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27:American diplomat
16:(Redirected from
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2880:Age of candidacy
2813:Holloway Jingles
2787:Pankhurst Centre
2758:(2008 sculpture)
2681:Leser v. Garnett
2486:Mud March (1907)
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720:occupied Poland
684:American Legion
655:Robert M. Losey
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618:Newton D. Baker
601:Frances Perkins
583:Thomas J. Walsh
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501:Austria-Hungary
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2252:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:Liechtenstein
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2098:Demeny voting
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2010:
1999:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1816:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1753:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1709:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1657:0-87023-088-3
1654:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1459:1-4000-6316-7
1456:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1347:92-2-114153-5
1344:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:0-313-23748-4
1087:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1048:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
988:
985:
981:
977:
971:
969:
965:
961:
955:
952:
948:
937:
933:
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
909:
902:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
884:
880:
875:
871:
868:
864:
861:
857:
854:
850:
847:
843:
840:
836:
835:
831:
829:
827:
819:
816:
811:
809:
801:
799:
796:
794:
790:
785:
783:
778:
776:
772:
764:
762:
760:
755:
753:
749:
744:
742:
737:
736:New York City
733:
729:
728:the Holocaust
725:
721:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
650:
643:
638:
631:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:
609:
604:
602:
598:
593:
590:
586:
584:
580:
576:
570:
568:
564:
556:
554:
552:
548:
544:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
515:
513:
512:
506:
502:
497:
493:
489:
480:
473:
471:
467:
465:
461:
457:
452:
449:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
418:
411:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
382:
380:
376:
372:
363:
356:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
315:
313:
308:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
278:New York City
275:
267:
265:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
243:
239:
235:
231:
222:
214:
210:
207:
204:
200:
176:
171:
167:
164:
161:
157:
154:
145:
141:
138:
134:
133:New York City
130:July 21, 1870
118:
114:
109:
105:
101:
95:
92:
89:
83:
80:
77:
73:
67:
62:
59:
51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
3015:
3006:
2998:
2991:
2983:
2976:Up the Women
2975:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2943:
2923:(1947 opera)
2920:
2839:Suffrage Oak
2824:Justice Bell
2811:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2732:
2724:
2717:
2705:
2692:
2679:
2379:conferences
2046:Basic topics
1867:
1757:
1712:. Retrieved
1702:
1689:
1664:
1647:
1631:
1619:
1610:
1601:
1592:
1576:
1563:
1523:
1490:
1445:
1436:
1423:
1407:
1394:
1370:
1337:
1324:
1315:
1306:Jo Freeman,
1302:
1285:
1272:
1263:
1251:
1238:
1225:
1208:
1199:
1097:
1076:
1063:
1051:. Retrieved
1046:
1034:
1025:
1019:. Retrieved
1012:
987:
954:
946:
940:. Retrieved
935:
873:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
823:
813:
805:
797:
786:
781:
779:
768:
756:
745:
712:World War II
709:
683:
679:
651:
647:
611:
605:
594:
588:
587:
571:
560:
557:1919 to 1937
539:
527:Pancho Villa
516:
510:
485:
468:
453:
438:
425:
423:
383:
375:Fifth Avenue
368:
316:
312:J. P. Morgan
309:
306:
296:, President
286:Helen Smythe
273:
271:
237:
233:
229:
228:
148:(1967-08-31)
98:Succeeded by
65:
3075:1967 deaths
3070:1870 births
2994:(2015 film)
2992:Suffragette
2986:(2014 film)
2970:(2004 film)
2946:(1912 film)
2782:Eagle House
2635:(memorials)
2323:Puerto Rico
2234:Switzerland
2211:New Zealand
2103:Suffragette
2083:Non-citizen
1983:Braithwaite
1571:, 9/28/2005
1495:Sigrid Arne
488:World War I
394:Colony Club
86:Preceded by
3064:Categories
2771:Resilience
2313:foreigners
2219:Francoist)
2149:aboriginal
2127:By country
2093:Voting age
1848:Schmedeman
1763:1937–1940
1714:2008-11-18
1516:"To Oslo,"
1218:0689120249
1021:2010-10-29
942:2010-10-29
903:References
748:Democratic
682:USAT
608:Convention
597:Depression
519:Rio Grande
249:suffragist
215:Suffragist
212:Profession
163:Democratic
126:1870-07-21
3185:Clubwomen
2792:Paulsdale
2224:Sri Lanka
2181:Hong Kong
2139:Australia
1988:Nathanson
761:in 1960.
752:President
509:RMS
357:Socialite
351:Hollywood
245:socialite
75:President
66:In office
2254:Scotland
2171:Colombia
2039:Suffrage
1953:Hermelin
1903:Tibbetts
1868:Harriman
1548:Archived
881:See also
667:Ragnhild
511:Adriatic
496:Karlsbad
492:Bohemian
443:of then-
347:Broadway
294:John Hay
257:diplomat
242:American
238:Harriman
219:Diplomat
202:Children
137:New York
3016:Lioness
2901:culture
2899:Popular
2873:Related
2733:Forward
2176:Ecuador
2134:Austria
1968:Whitney
1898:Wharton
1878:Osborne
1853:Swenson
1843:Swenson
1734:at the
1310:(2003).
1053:31 July
724:PPS WRN
644:in 1937
494:spa in
470:board.
349:and in
196:
184:
180:
3000:Sylvia
2750:statue
2735:statue
2708:statue
2366:Events
2328:states
2308:felons
2229:Sweden
2206:Mexico
2196:Kuwait
2161:Canada
1948:Loftus
1938:Stuart
1933:Austad
1923:Lerner
1918:Anders
1893:Willis
1888:Strong
1873:Biddle
1863:Biddle
1858:Philip
1838:Peirce
1833:Graves
1655:
1481:
1457:
1345:
1216:
1088:
1040:"DIED"
876:(1972)
675:Harald
671:Astrid
659:DombĂĄs
505:Serbia
169:Spouse
57:Norway
3008:Suffs
2984:Selma
2632:Women
2293:women
2265:laws
2259:Wales
2244:women
2191:Japan
2186:India
2166:Chile
2154:women
2078:Youth
2073:Black
2063:Women
1978:Heins
1973:White
1943:Ruppe
1913:Byrne
1908:Crowe
1043:(PDF)
521:near
234:Daisy
194:)
186:(
182:
2448:14th
2443:13th
2438:12th
2433:11th
2428:10th
2350:26th
2346:24th
2342:23rd
2338:19th
2334:15th
2279:1928
2274:1918
2269:1832
1958:Duke
1928:Rand
1653:ISBN
1479:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1343:ISBN
1214:ISBN
1190:and
1086:ISBN
1055:2018
730:and
673:and
613:Time
589:Time
392:the
388:and
333:and
192:1914
143:Died
116:Born
53:8th
2423:9th
2418:8th
2413:7th
2408:6th
2403:5th
2398:4th
2393:3rd
2388:2nd
2383:1st
2340:,
2068:Men
1963:Ong
1883:Bay
1414:, "
1027:...
620:or
304:."
3066::
2653:US
2530:US
2474:UK
2348:,
2344:,
2336:,
1673:^
1536:^
1502:^
1466:^
1382:^
1354:^
1180:^
1150:^
1135:^
1106:^
1045:.
1024:.
1011:.
1000:^
967:^
945:.
934:.
911:^
795:.
754:.
707:.
677:.
669:,
628:.
603:.
408:.
381:.
373:,
337:,
251:,
247:,
236:"
188:m.
135:,
2911:"
2907:"
2031:e
2024:t
2017:v
1800:e
1793:t
1786:v
1717:.
1693:"
1659:.
1485:.
1461:.
1398:"
1361:"
1349:.
1328:"
1242:"
1229:"
1220:.
1194:.
1092:.
1067:"
1057:.
991:"
232:"
128:)
124:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
