Food marketing - Knowledge (XXG)

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are more enticed in an advertisement as it is playing in front of them, forming stronger predispositions for brands. Accusations come into play when this saturation happens as children are not equipped with adequate knowledge to make smart nutritional choices, and food marketing is therefore sometimes blamed for children's unhealthy lifestyles. Children are a fast expanding market segment, firstly because they yield influence over their parents buying, but also because they are future consumers themselves. Food marketers capitalize on the fact most children trouble their parents for a product they have seen on television until they receive it, giving children high bargaining power. According to McGinnis et al. in 2006, by the time children are two years old, the majority can identify brands in supermarkets and demand them by name. It has been argued that marketers also portray some foods to children as exclusive only to them, implying children know better about their nutrition than their parents. This has in turn seen trends of children disregarding parental advice and taking it upon themselves to pick and choose what they eat.

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merely observe that the consumer buys the same brand consistently. The consumer, to be brand loyal, must be able to actively resist promotional efforts by competitors. A brand loyal consumer will continue to buy the preferred brand even if a competing product is improved, offers a price promotion or premium, or receives preferred display space. Some consumers have multi-brand loyalty. Here, a consumer switches between a few preferred brands. The consumer may either alternate for variety or may, as a rule of thumb, buy whichever one of the preferred brands is on sale. This consumer, however, would not switch to other brands on sale. Brand loyalty is, of course, a matter of degree. Some consumers will not switch for a moderate discount, but would switch for a large one or will occasionally buy another brand for convenience or variety.

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age of 3 years. (As reported by The Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood). Marketing professor James McNeal acknowledged "The Drool Factor" – a study which recognized the fact that babies naturally stare down at their bibs while drooling to see where their drool lands. Customizing baby bibs with brand logos has become an effective way for food marketers to imprint their brand into the child's lifestyle, targeting them at a vulnerable young age resulting in brand recognition from the child. As a result, when the child is older they will continue to reciprocate warm, fond feelings towards the brand when encountering it in society. This is seen as unethical in many countries and is why organisations such as 'The Campaign for a Commercial-free Childhood' exist and what they aim to reduce.

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sodium and added sugars. Wording such as "less sugar", "fat free" and "all natural" lead consumers to believe that the foods they are consuming are healthy. In 2015, Sacks et al. discussed that in order to prevent misleading food advertising, governments should implement policies regarding the placement of verified nutritional values on food packaging. The U.S. Food And Drug Administration redesigned the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act in 2016 which gave information to consumers about total calories, serving size, and nutrients. Food Standards Australia New Zealand has a similar Food Standards Code but misleading food labels remain.

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Lobstein, & Brownell suggested that food marketers have been using child-targeting marketing practices in order to persuade children to eat unhealthy or poorly suitable foods. Organisations achieve this through direct and indirect marketing tactics on television adverts, games, social media and food packaging. These tactics have an explicit effect on children's consumption patterns, diet-related health, nutritional knowledge, purchase behaviour and preferences. Overall, it has been found that food marketing is one of the leading contributors to an increase in childhood obesity. This is increasingly becoming a global issue.

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or through television or websites with an audience or more than 20% children. Iran has also taken similar actions, having banned the advertisement of all soft drinks since 2004. Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education has also prepared a document in 2015 containing 24 items in which they hope to prohibit the advertising of in future. Dibb and Lobstein acknowledge that traditional media outlets only account for approximately 20% of a food marketer's budget, therefore children are still highly exposed to influential advertising in shopping malls and grocery stores, vending machines, sponsored toys, contests etc.

420:, wholesaling, retailing, food service and transport. Due to these many processes, a multitude of organisations have to be involved in the sale of one food product. For example, there are approximately fifty-six organisations are involved in the making of one can of chicken noodle soup. These organisations not only include the processors who make the ingredients for the product, but also involve the companies who manufacture the cans, print the labels and transport the product. Therefore, on a global scale, the food marketing industry is one of the largest direct and indirect employers. 904:. Although different in many ways, similarities have been drawn between the marketing practices of tobacco companies and the food industry. At major sporting events, customers are exposed to a multitude of food-related sponsorship, with sponsorship associated with products classed as unhealthy twice as common as those classed as healthy (32.7% versus 15.5%). Sponsorships of sport from food or beverage companies that are perceived as unhealthy pose great health concern, often being cited as a contributing factor leading to an energy-dense and nutrient poor diet. 782:

that they are giving to their children. For example, an easy-to-read nutritional label on food packaging that provides the nutrient values and their definitions. This will create healthier food environments for families around the world. Secondly, parents could restrict which advertisements that their children are exposed to. For example, parents could use ad-blocking applications or limit television watching time. Through the implementation of these strategies, governments can contribute in decreasing the rates of childhood obesity through food marketing.

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current definition of the term allows food products to bear the claim "healthy" even when they "contain levels of nutrients that would not help consumers maintain healthy dietary practices." Consequently, FDA is proposing to define "healthy" using a "food group-based approach" in combination with limits on certain nutrients (saturated fat, sodium, and added sugars) to align use of the term with current nutrition science, the updated Nutrition Facts label, and the recommendations included in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020– 2025.

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more on an item if it is environmentally friendly and portrays them as having sustainable behavior in society. Additionally, it has been explored that consumers will for example pay substantially more (almost 50%) for food produce that is said to be grown locally as opposed to grown in the wider country or imported. This is vital information when it comes to food marketing and helps companies make informed decisions about their food marketing strategies.

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findings that supermarket catalogues have a major influence on the purchasing decisions and patterns of consumers. For example, countries with the most consistent, regular catalogues filled with unhealthy foods were among those testing highest for obesity as well. The study also noted that India and The Philippines were the only countries analysed that advertised a vast majority of healthy foods over unhealthy options.

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stand as the traditional communication channels for food marketing, but other popular approaches are also more prevalent these days. These include the Internet, toys, packaging, video games, blockbuster films, character licensing of children's toys and celebrity advertising. The employment of these food marketing strategies are growing, and are said to be partly responsible for swelling rates of childhood obesity.

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recommendations with the touch of a button. Food companies use unique marketing techniques designed to connect with the consumer such as running competitions, holding free giveaways and creating interactive games and apps. The benefits of these techniques are distinctive to social media platforms, as they interact and engage with the consumer on a level that other traditional media platforms are not capable.

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environment tend to alter their behavior to be more environmentally friendly. Values and attitudes have been found to be the driving force of sustainable purchasing behavior. Marketers need to convey to their consumer market through information that some items have adverse effects on the environment. Brands need to also relay the values of food marketing to customers when communicating with them.

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to the purchasing process of consumers. Food marketing systems differ worldwide due to the level of development in the particular country, economically and technologically. Understanding and interpreting a particular countries food marketing techniques also requires taking into account the socio-economic, cultural, legal-political and technological environment of that country.

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considered a new product, whereas a chocolate flavoured milk drink would be an extension of an existing product. The three steps to develop and extend a food product include generating ideas, analysing the ideas for feasibility and testing ideas for demand. Once these steps have successfully been completed, the food product can then be manufactured to the food market.

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would be an extension of an existing product. There are three steps to both developing and extending: generate ideas, screen ideas for feasibility, and test ideas for appeal. Only after these steps will a food product make it to national market. Of one hundred new food product ideas that are considered, only six make it to a

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branded sponsorships and sports merchandise such as rugby balls that flaunt a company's logo. Food marketers are criticised further than being responsible for child obesity rates, and are said to not have children's long-term physical wellbeing in mind when they aim to rapidly create brand name association among children.

855:, spending $ 350m and $ 290m respectively. Professional sporting events are primary targets for food companies when utilising sponsorship as a form a marketing communication, however sports organisations are increasingly demanding high prices for access to their exploitable marketing rights. Food and beverage company 961:

at a young age is a well-established food marketing technique designed to encourage brand preference and holds many ethical dilemmas. Previous studies have concluded that children can recognize and mentally picture brand logos at the age of just six months old, and will verbally request brands at the

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In addition to Iran and Chile's more extensive legislation's, over 30 countries worldwide have all adopted some form of legislation to protect children and reduce their exposure to advertisements. Some of these countries include Australia, Europe, Canada, Malaysia and Korea. An example of the type of

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With regards to marketing according to Liaw and Tam in 2015, ethics deals with moral principles behind the operation of marketing. The main ethical issue surrounding sponsorship being utilised as a form of marketing communication by food companies is the sponsorship of sport from perceived unhealthy

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In the United States, regulation of food marketing terms such as "healthy" are not well understood by the public. The Food and Drug Administration attempted to regulate the use of the term healthy in 2016 with a proposed rulemaking that resulted in an updated rule in 2022, which acknowledged that the

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a food to consumers is done out of store, in store, and on package. Advertisements on television and in magazines are attempts to persuade consumers to think favorably about a product, so that they go to the store to purchase the product. In addition to advertising, promotions can also include Sunday

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In deciding what type of new food products a consumer would most prefer, a manufacturer can either try to develop a new food product or try to modify or extend an existing food. For example, a sweet, flavored yogurt drink would be a new product, but milk in a new flavor (such as chocolate strawberry)

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A study of supermarket catalogues distributed globally has also yielded information which supports the claim that food advertising is contributing to rising global obesity levels, especially in countries where the advertising is more prominent, consistent and persuasive. The study concluded with the

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Demographics play a large role in determining the background of consumers and how food marketing operates. Such as age allows a brand to market its food towards certain age groups according to their wants. Education also comes into play because often education is associated with people buying better

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In relation to knowledge and beliefs in variables affecting food marketing decisions, it has been suggested that someone's understanding of products helps anticipate their ecologically friendly actions. Because a person's awareness of information can cause them to make more informed or less informed

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Product placement in children's films and television shows gives food marketers more power to get children familiar with their brand and to directly interact with this market segment. The power brands have through food marketing on television is significant because television audiences automatically

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For Schaffner & Schroder, 1998, food marketing is the act of communicating to the consumer through a range of marketing techniques in order to add value to a food product and persuade the consumer to purchase. This includes all activities that occur in between the completion of a product through

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The Chilean Government has taken some of the most drastic steps in 2012 by approving the 'Law of Nutritional Composition of Food and Advertising'. This law gives strict guidelines for food marketers, allowing no high in saturated fat, sodium and sugar products to be advertised to under 14 year olds

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Signage conveys a lot about a brand, for example what type of food they sell, the ingredients, where it was made and the cost of the products. Signage precisely communicates with the buyer and is an essential way to affect feelings and brain processes of a person. Findings show that certain digital

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In order to persuade consumers to buy food products, organisations may present misleading nutritional information on its food products. It has become more prevalent that food organisations are not entirely transparent in regard to what is contained in its food products. For example, saturated fats,

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who are easily influenced at such a young age to eat high-sugar drinks and food with little nutritional benefit. The fact that areas of food marketing are linked to obesity is concerning, as well as how easy it is to market to children and affect their food choices. Television and print media still

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An organisation must understand where it is marketing its food products to in a geographical sense. Clarifying this will help an organisation to grasp which food products will satisfy the needs of a particular consumer culture. For example, researching whether the consumer lives in America or Asia;

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Price encompasses the amount of money paid by the consumer in order to purchase the food product. When pricing the food products, the manufacturer must bear in mind that the retailer will add a particular percentage to the price on the wholesale product. This percentage amount differs globally. The

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The product of the marketing mix refers to the goods and/or services that the organisation will offer to the consumer. An organisation can achieve this by either creating a new food product, or by modifying or improving an existing food product. For example, an organic almond yoghurt drink would be

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In order to prevent the current unhealthy food marketing culture, Sacks, Mialon, Vandevijvere, Trevena, Snowdon, Crino & Swinburn believe that there are methods and policies that should be put into place by governments. Firstly, parents should be informed of the nutritional values of the foods

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Manufacturers that have invested a great deal of money in brands may have developed a certain level of consumer brand loyalty—that is, a tendency for consumers to continue to buy a preferred brand even when an attractive offer is made by competitors. For loyalty to be present, it is not enough to

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Lastly, consumer price willingness to pay is another tool used in food marketing to track how much a person is prepared to pay for a product. Marketers can take note of people's readiness to pay to see if they would indeed buy their product. Studies have shown that consumers are prepared to spend

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It has been shown through Frechette's studies published in 2015 that in recent years, as children and teenagers have become more exposed to technological advances, they have become more susceptible to unhealthy food marketing commercial messages from food organisations. In 2009, Harris, Pomeranz,

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Place refers to the activities that organisations go about in order to make its food product available to its consumers. This encompasses the distribution necessary to move a food product from the manufacturer to a location where it can be purchased by the consumer. Product location in a store is

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started out as a brand for pickles but branched out into ketchup. Some brand extensions may involve a risk of damage to the original brand if the quality is not good enough. Coca-Cola, for example, refused to apply the Coke name to a diet drink back when artificial sweeteners had a significantly

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clauses in the legislation's include prohibiting the use of certain marketing techniques such as using cartoon characters, which can be used to access a child's mind and gain their attention. Using physiological techniques such as this can be ethically wrong as well as illegal in some countries.

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Following a 'call out' from the Worldwide Health Organisation in 2006, many countries adopted to change marketing laws and legislation in order to protect children from persuasive advertisements directly targeted at them. These advertisements are strategically designed with special techniques in

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There are no set worldwide food marketing laws or legislation, therefore countries have the option to adopt their own legislation with regards to food marketing standards. These standards are usually based on the values, culture and ethics of the particular country. Many countries worldwide have

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Social media platforms are an effective way for food marketers to enter or attract a market. 'Social media' refers to websites such as Facebook and Twitter, and apps such as Instagram and Facebook. These websites allow users to upload and share content such as information, pictures, opinions and

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Product placement is another food marketing technique that draws the consumer in and encourages them to purchase. Vending machines and pop-up sample booths are model examples of product placement techniques used by food marketers. Vending machines provide convenience to the consumer as they are

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with a toy included is an example) and utilising famous television or film characters to spark interest. In terms of packaging, brands will also change the size of products to entice children. Large companies have further been criticised of contributing to obesity through supplying schools with

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usually stationed in areas with no larger food options nearby, such as university campuses and gyms. Consumers using vending machines will usually pay a slightly higher price for the item, and will usually not be concerned as the price difference accounts for the convenience provided to them.

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Food marketing not only involves the marketing of products to consumers, but the reasons why consumers purchase these items and the factors influencing such choices. Demographics, values and attitudes, incentives, and price willingness to pay are all elements that drive buyer selection in the

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market, consumers will first be environmentally conscious and therefore intend to buy such products. Once a product has been marketed to a consumer, they need to feel that they are contributing to the preservation of the environment to purchase something. Consumers that have concern for the

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The food marketing system in the United States is a flexible one. Consumer focus helps marketers anticipate the demands of consumers, and production focus helps them respond to changes in the market. The result is a system that meets and influences the ever-changing demands of consumers.

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decisions about products shows knowledge is a major factor in consumer buying choices. When strategists are food marketing, it is important to create binding relationships with potential customers through understanding their beliefs and awareness about the marketed product.

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A food organisation must understand how its consumers may behave towards a food product. For example, information researching the benefits sought, frequency of food purchase, attitude towards the food product and nutritional knowledge of the product are all beneficial.

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segment that it will be marketing towards. Factors that must be considered are a consumer's age, gender, education, social class, income, religion and ethnicity. All of these aspects can impact whether the consumer will prefer one food product over another.

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Other ethical concerns with sponsorship being used as a marketing tactic by food companies include; the specific targeting of youths, sponsorship from alcohol brands and the misconceptions created through sponsorships by energy drink brands such as

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In order to market its food products, an organisation must first understand whether its product will satisfy the consumer's needs better than competitors do. In order to achieve this, an organisation must understand the four types of segmentation.

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percentage is used to pay for the cost of producing, packaging, shipping, storing and selling the food product. For example, the purchasing of a food product in a supermarket selling for $ 3.50 generates an income of $ 2.20 for the manufacturer.

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Sacks, G.; Mialon, M.; Vandevijvere, S.; Trevena, H.; Snowdon, W.; Crino, M.; Swinburn, B. (2015). "Comparison of food industry policies and commitments on marketing to children and product (re)formulation in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji".

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created laws in order to limit food marketing towards children with the goal of reducing rising obesity levels. Obesity has been proven to have increased significantly with a link to the increase of food marketing and advertising in society.

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food. Income alike sees if people have more disposable income to spend on good products. Gender further allows food marketers to target women especially because women have been found to do the majority of food shopping in families.

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adds approximately 50 percent to the price of a wholesale product. For example, a frozen food sold in a retail store for $ 4.50 generates an income of $ 3.00 for the manufacturer. This money has to pay for the cost of

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Grier, S. A.; Mensinger, J.; Huang, S. H.; Kumanyika, S. K.; Stettler, N. (2007). "Fast-Food Marketing and Children's Fast-Food Consumption: Exploring Parents' Influences in an Ethnically Diverse Sample".

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Charlton, Emma L.; Kähkönen, Laila A.; Sacks, Gary; Cameron, Adrian J. (2015). "Supermarkets and unhealthy food marketing: An international comparison of the content of supermarket catalogues/circulars".

724:. Factors such as lifestyle, personalities, opinions, activities and interests of its potential consumers must considered. Identifying these aspects can help an organisation to improve its food products. 569:, for example, spends a great deal of money both on perfecting its formula and on promoting the brand. This allows Coke to charge more for its product than can makers of regional and smaller brands. 445:

In the fragmentation phase, the United States was divided into numerous geographic fragments because transporting food was expensive, leaving most production, distribution, and selling locally based.

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or, whether the consumer lives in a city or a rural area. By understanding these aspects, the organisation will be able to identify that a consumers' food needs differ depending on where they live.

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because they relate to product, price, promotion, and place. One reason food manufacturers receive the largest percentage of the retail food dollar is that they provide the most differentiating,

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Harris, J. L.; LoDolce, M. E.; Schwartz, M. B. (2015). "Encouraging big food to do the right thing for children's health: a case study on using research to improve marketing of sugary cereals".

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purchased the naming rights of a college stadium for $ 5M. Food companies are also investing millions into individual athletes in return for accesses to their exploitable commercial potential.

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between a food organisation and the consumer. This has the potential to be a complicated procedure, as there are many processes that are used prior to the sale the food product. These include

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Grunseit, A.C; MacNiven, R; Grassmayr, M; Kelly, B; Davis, D (2012). "Australian athletes? Health behaviors and perceptions of role modelling and marketing of unhealthy products".

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There are three historical phases of food marketing: the fragmentation phase (before 1870–1880), the unification phase (1880–1950), and the segmentation phase (1950 and later).

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Firstly, food marketers must be aware that the attitudes and values of their target market play a significant role in what they choose to buy. For example, in terms of the

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signposting of a brand influences consumer perception and behavior towards a product, meaning food marketing strategies like this are very effective in brand positioning.

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Frechette, S (2015). "Food marketing as a relevant determinant of childhood obesity: The link between exposure to TV food advertising and children's body weight".

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Corporate spending on sponsorship worldwide grew 5.1% in 2015 reaching $ 57.5 billion, with the biggest spenders on sponsorships being food and beverage giants

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Remar, D.; Campbell, J.; DiPietro, R. B. (2016). "The impact of local food marketing on purchase decision and willingness to pay in a foodservice setting".

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Helm, R.; Gritsch, S. (2014). "Examining the influence of uncertainty on marketing mix strategy elements in emerging business-to-business export-markets".

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Nikolova, H. D.; Inman, J. J. (2015). "Healthy Choice: The Effect of Simplified Point-of-Sale Nutritional Information on Consumer Food Choice Behavior".

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which includes sugar-sweetened beverages, and chocolate and confectionery. It confirms food marketing is pervasive, persuasive and bad for health.

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published a report which highlights food marketing is especially prevalent where children are and what they watch on TV. Predominantly promoting

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Food marketers also use appealing packaging to attract children to their product through bright colours, including toys in schemes (McDonald's

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Kim, E.; Brandon, L. (2010). "Modeling brand equity for lifestyle brand extensions: A strategic approach into generation Y vs. baby boomers".

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Schlager, T.; Maas, P. (2013). "Fitting International Segmentation for Emerging Markets: Conceptual Development and Empirical Illustration".

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David, N.; Schramm-Klein, H.; Rank, O.; Wagner, G. (2015). "Customer segmentation in retailing based on retail brand patronage patterns".

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Son, H (2015). "The history of Western futures studies: An exploration of the intellectual traditions and three-phase periodization".

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also a definition of place in the marketing mix. For example, a particular place in an aisle, a shelf or a display in a supermarket.

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Vandevijvere, S.; Swinburn, B. (2015). "Getting serious about protecting New Zealand children against unhealthy food marketing".

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efforts necessary to move a food from the manufacturer to a location where a consumer can buy it. It can also refer to where the

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Food marketing exposure and power and their associations with food-related attitudes, beliefs and behaviours: a narrative review

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made it possible for a wider range of competing products to focus on different benefits and images and thus appeal to different

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reportedly earns $ 10M per year from sponsorship alone, with the highest percentage of sponsorship coming from Papa John's and

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Thaichon, P.; Quach, T. N. (2016). "Online marketing communications and childhood's intention to consume unhealthy food".

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Adeigbe, R. T.; Baldwin, S.; Gallion, K.; Grier, S.; Ramirez, A. S. (2015). "Food and beverage marketing to Latinos".

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Dibb, S; Lobstein, T (2005). "Evidence of a possible link between obesogenic food advertising and child overweight".

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The Food Industry: Lifeline of America. 2nd ed. (1990) E. C. Hampe, E. C., and M. Wittenbery, New York: McGraw-Hill.

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A report from Global Health Advocacy Incubator documents the food industry's strategies to defeat warning labels on

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Murata, Y (2007). "Taste heterogeneity and the scale of production: Fragmentation, unification, and segmentation".

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in a retail outlet (e.g., the end of an aisle; the top, bottom, or middle shelf; in a special display case, etc.)

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Pomeranz & Adler, 2015, defines food marketing as a chain of marketing activities that takes place within the

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Schor, J.; Ford, M. (2007). "From Tastes Great to Cool: Children's Food Marketing and the Rise of the Symbolic".

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In recent years, food marketing has been criticised by professionals as being a major factor in contributing to

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revolutionized the fresh produce industry by introducing packaging and labeling of fresh fruits and vegetables.

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Manufacturers may be able to leverage their existing brand names by developing new product lines. For example,

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was made possible by advances in manufacturing. This new distribution system was led by meat processors such as

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Quinn, L.; Dibb, S. (2010). "Evaluating market-segmentation research priorities: Targeting re-emancipation".

5205: 4609: 4521: 3962: 3837: 3326: 958: 538: 537:, promotion, and placing their products helps differentiate a food product on the basis of both quality and 4822: 2745: 2662:

Bragg, Marie A.; Yanamadala, Swati; Roberto, Christina A.; Harris, Jennifer L.; Brownell, Kelly D. (2015).

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that states a Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.

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through demonstrations at stores and public venues were among the prime marketing tools. The initial

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Pomeranz, J. L.; Adler, S. (2015). "Defining Commercial Speech in the Context of Food Marketing".

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197(7th World Conference on Educational Sciences)

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Labels Unwrapped, Center for Agriculture and Food Systems, Vermont Law and Graduate School

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Freeman, B; Kelly, B; Baur, L; Chapman, K; Chapman, S; Gill, T; King, L (December 2014).

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Freeman, B.; Kelly, B.; Baur, L.; Chapman, K.; Chapman, S.; Gill, T.; King, L. (2014).

1230: 1205: 1178: 1153: 1026: 876: 615: 5199: 5148: 5133: 5120: 5036: 4752: 4272: 4080: 3941: 3921: 3832: 3797: 3652: 3549: 3509: 3370: 3360: 3297: 3114: 3002: 2617: 2584: 2228: 2193: 2151: 2061: 2004: 1657: 1622: 1541: 1387:"Marketing Mix and Purchasing Behavior for Community Products at Traditional Markets" 1221: 1036: 901: 888: 721: 558: 526: 517:

markets. Distribution via the new national road system strengthened national brands.

514: 478: 332: 3018: 2107: 2020: 1860: 1584: 1135: 5143: 5058: 4802: 4762: 4277: 4098: 4090: 4060: 3931: 3916: 3762: 3569: 3365: 3302: 3280: 3233: 3219: 2700: 1051: 1046: 900:

food and beverage companies, such as McDonald's and Coca-Cola's sponsorship of the

819: 635: 381: 328: 3106: 2576: 1614: 1454: 1273: 2541: 2524: 2494: 2330: 2053: 1719: 1649: 1403: 1386: 5095: 4832: 4792: 4378: 4335: 4267: 4247: 4224: 4199: 4003: 3998: 3976: 3969: 3926: 3896: 3866: 3722: 3675: 3621: 3559: 3514: 3499: 2926: 2338: 2220: 1844: 993: 884: 867:

paid $ 13.5m to name a university basketball stadium the 'bucket', creating the

864: 856: 708: 666: 551: 530: 510: 486: 474: 413: 17: 2416: 581:) was approved for use in soft drinks did Coca-Cola come out with a Diet Coke. 5128: 4985: 4593: 4345: 4310: 4239: 4026: 3901: 3861: 3730: 3489: 2603:"Sponsorship spending report: Where the dollars are going and trends for 2015" 2428: 1353: 969: 758: 598: 578: 3073: 2875: 2633: 2185: 1932: 1568: 1169: 541:. Overall, the marketing mix can add value to a food organisation's product. 5005: 4995: 4990: 4950: 4639: 4350: 4282: 4257: 4219: 4184: 4176: 4158: 4143: 4131: 4075: 4052: 4020: 4015: 3805: 3576: 3385: 3248: 2268:

Schermel, A.; Emrich, T. E.; Arcand, J.; Wong, C. L.; L'abbé, M. R. (2013).

852: 566: 525:

The four components of food marketing are often called the "four Ps" of the

482: 458: 454: 340: 324: 3010: 2934: 2893: 2784: 2730: 2692: 2683: 2303: 2285: 2012: 1977: 1950: 1901: 1852: 1701: 1576: 1239: 1187: 1127: 197: 2618:"Weapons of mass intrusion: the leveraging of ambush marketing strategies" 2099: 973: 4614: 4204: 4153: 4009: 3949: 3777: 3747: 3591: 3554: 3172:"ICC Framework for Responsible Food and Beverage Marketing Communication" 2616:

Carrillat, François Anthony; Colbert, Francois; Feigné, Matthieu (2012).

2459:"WHAT IS "HEALTHY" FOOD? REGULATING HEALTH CLAIMS ON FOOD PRODUCT LABELS" 909: 880: 606: 336: 2841:

The impact of sport sponsorship on brand equity: the analysis of Redbull

2423:, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 93–148, 2007, 2143: 1692: 1675: 1533: 577:

less attractive taste. Coke created Tab Cola, but only when aspartame (

4980: 4945: 4905: 4070: 3787: 3757: 3691: 3539: 3484: 3410: 3405: 2647:

Sherman, M.G (2012). "Corporate sponsorship in high school athletics".

2167:"Parental mediation of food marketing communications aimed at children" 1422: 1119: 848: 534: 4787: 3616: 2717:

Liaw, S.T; Tam, C.W.M (2015). "Ethical research or research ethics?".

987: 377: 5138: 4965: 4960: 4214: 4172: 3742: 3564: 3479: 3375: 1426:, (2007), Brian Wansink, Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press. 494: 3432: 2958:"Restrict food marketing | World Cancer Research Fund International" 2776: 1603:

International Review of Retail, Distribution & Consumer Research

4859: 2844:(Bachelor's thesis). Aarhus School of Business and Social Sciences. 2839: 4168: 3820: 3534: 3415: 3395: 2493:

Sahay, B. S.; Stough, Roger R.; Sohal, Amrik; Goyal, Sonu (2006).

1718:

McGinnis, M. J.; Appleton Gootman, J.; Kraak, I. V. (2006-05-11).

573: 311: 3318: 2825:

Potential negative outcomes from sponsorship for a sport property

1206:"Does food marketing need to make us fat? A review and solutions" 505:

In the segmentation phase (1950 and later) radio, television and

2417:"Nutritional Labeling, Nutrient Level Claims, and Health Claims" 602: 4863: 3695: 3436: 3322: 3192: 3188: 925:

Supermarket catalogues, product placement and their involvement

859:

were willing to spend $ 3.8m for a 30-second commercial during

4065: 868: 561:

faces numerous marketing decisions. Money can be invested in

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Harris, J.; Pomeranz, J.; Lobstein, T.; Brownell, K. (2009).

2399:"Food Labels Are Super Sneaky. Here's What They Really Mean" 1807:"BEHIND THE LABELS: Big Food's War on Healthy Food Policies" 1721:

Food Marketing to Children and Youth: Threat or Opportunity?

745:. In 2006, M Nestle suggested that food marketing purposely 533:

service. The money that manufacturers invest in developing,

453:

In the unification phase, distribution was made possible by

1676:"Food Marketing and Childhood Obesity — A Matter of Policy" 151:

personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay

2353:"The New and Improved Nutrition Facts Label – Key Changes" 1309:

Cross-national and cross-cultural issues in food marketing

1824:

Cairns, G.; Angus, K.; Hastings, G.; Caraher, M. (2013).

1323:

New and Improved: The Story of Mass Marketing in America

469:

and Swift in midwestern cities and by companies such as

457:, coordination of sales forces was made possible by the 2860:"Digital Junk: Food and beverage marketing on Facebook" 1917:"Digital Junk: Food and Beverage Marketing on Facebook" 1289:

Food marketing management: an international perspective

157: 95: 1813:. Global Health Advocacy Incubator. 17 November 2021. 2165:

Newman, Nicki; Oates, Caroline J. (1 January 2014).

1789:

Annals of Spiru Haret University, Journalism Studies

5180:

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

5157: 5119: 5088: 5072: 5014: 4930: 4914: 4895: 4730: 4668: 4592: 4547:

2024 United Kingdom Shigatoxigenic E. coli outbreak

4369: 4291: 4238: 4167: 4117: 4089: 4051: 3940: 3848: 3796: 3729: 3651: 3226: 3062:"Seminar turns spotlight on to selling to our kids" 2746:"China grabs cut of star athletes Lui Xiang's gold" 3032: 3030: 3028: 720:A food organisation must understand its consumer 3150:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 1772:Globesity, Food Marketing and Family Lifestyles 1101: 1099: 1097: 1095: 1093: 1091: 1089: 1087: 618:, shipping, storing, and selling the product. 605:, the manufacturer must keep in mind that the 316:Snack food for sale in a Norwegian supermarket 5165:International Association for Food Protection 4875: 3707: 3448: 3334: 3204: 2274:Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 1669: 1667: 1380: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1372: 1199: 1197: 84:The examples and perspective in this article 8: 4722:Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition 4537:2017–2018 South African listeriosis outbreak 4436:1985 Austrian diethylene glycol wine scandal 1421:: Soy Functional Foods, Biotechnology, and 1335: 1333: 1331: 1287:Schaffner, D; Schroder, W; Earle, M (1998). 1147: 1145: 4660:United Kingdom food information regulations 947:order to attract the children's attention. 64:Learn how and when to remove these messages 4882: 4868: 4860: 3714: 3700: 3692: 3686: 3455: 3441: 3433: 3341: 3327: 3319: 3313: 3211: 3197: 3189: 3133:. Archived from the original on 2007-01-16 3056: 3054: 380:. Please do not remove this message until 4498:2008 United States salmonellosis outbreak 3045:Centre for science in the public interest 2883: 2682: 2601:International Events Group (IEG) (2015). 2540: 2293: 2089: 1940: 1891: 1691: 1402: 1311:. New York: International Business Press. 1255: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1229: 1177: 400:Learn how and when to remove this message 300:Learn how and when to remove this message 282:Learn how and when to remove this message 180:Learn how and when to remove this message 122:Learn how and when to remove this message 4542:2018 Australian strawberry contamination 4404:Morinaga Milk arsenic poisoning incident 2664:"Athlete endorsements in food marketing" 2565:Journal of Foodservice Business Research 2078:Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 1893:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.031308.100304 1755:TV, Food Marketing and Childhood Obesity 1498:International Journal of Global Business 707:A food organisation must understand the 376:Relevant discussion may be found on the 222:of all important aspects of the article. 4512:2011 United States listeriosis outbreak 1074: 4527:2015 Mozambique funeral beer poisoning 4104:Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 3143: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2518: 2516: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2034: 2032: 2030: 1782: 1780: 1765: 1763: 1713: 1711: 1596: 1594: 1436: 1434: 1432: 485:, which sold their brands nationally. 218:Please consider expanding the lead to 2984: 2982: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2853: 2851: 2765:Health Promotion Journal of Australia 2712: 2710: 2596: 2594: 2457:Kelley, Suzanne (December 19, 2022). 1993:Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 1749: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1491: 1489: 1108:Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 7: 4818: 4706:Institute for Food Safety and Health 4446:Australian meat substitution scandal 4414:Moroccan oil poisoning disaster 1959 4190:Arsenic contamination of groundwater 2385:Food Standards Australia New Zealand 2174:International Journal of Advertising 1302: 1300: 1298: 501:Segmentation phase (1950 to current) 4838: 4694:Food Information and Control Agency 3095:Journal of Global Marketing Science 3038:"Food marketing in other countries" 2247:. World Health Organization. 2022. 1680:The New England Journal of Medicine 916:Via social media and its influences 767:ultra-processed food products (UPP) 497:campaign, in 1911, was an example. 441:Fragmentation phase (pre-1870–1880) 1522:Journal of International Marketing 797:Misleading nutritional information 254:tone or style may not reflect the 25: 5175:Food and Agriculture Organization 4922:Acid-hydrolyzed vegetable protein 4711:International Food Safety Network 4635:International Food Safety Network 4356:Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease 4306:Acid-hydrolyzed vegetable protein 4033:Shigatoxigenic and verotoxigenic 2864:American Journal of Public Health 2360:U.S. Food and Drug Administration 1921:American Journal of Public Health 1325:, Basic Books, N.Y. 1990 pp 4-12, 1204:Chandon, P.; Wansink, B. (2012). 1158:American Journal of Public Health 45:This article has multiple issues. 5185:National Food and Drug Authority 4971:Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates 4837: 4827: 4817: 4808: 4807: 4796: 4786: 4716:Ministry of Food and Drug Safety 4552:Kobayashi red yeast rice scandal 4483:2008 Canada listeriosis outbreak 4478:ICA meat repackaging controversy 3627: 3626: 3615: 3131:"The Cornell Food and Brand Lab" 3003:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2005.00191.x 2005:10.1111/j.1748-720x.2007.00110.x 1222:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00518.x 986: 972: 895:Ethics of sponsorship strategies 355: 264:guide to writing better articles 243: 196: 138: 75: 34: 4655:Quality Assurance International 4562:Food safety incidents in Taiwan 4532:2017 Brazil Operation Weak Meat 4426:1971 Iraq poison grain disaster 4341:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 1638:Journal of Marketing Management 1557:Health Education & Behavior 843:Food marketing via sponsorships 210:may be too short to adequately 53:or discuss these issues on the 4915:Artificial protein substitutes 4684:European Food Safety Authority 4557:Food safety incidents in China 4394:1858 Bradford sweets poisoning 4361:Water fluoridation controversy 3401:"Minerals" (Chemical elements) 2209:Australasian Marketing Journal 1880:Annual Review of Public Health 1054:, a visual marketing technique 1002:Adolescents and food marketing 220:provide an accessible overview 1: 4976:Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone 3107:10.1080/12297119.2010.9707342 2622:European Journal of Marketing 2577:10.1080/15378020.2016.1129224 2132:Journal of Marketing Research 1615:10.1080/09593969.2015.1087417 1468:Pineda, Dorany (2020-01-19). 1455:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2013.06.007 1443:International Business Review 1274:10.1016/j.futures.2014.12.013 980:Business and economics portal 449:Unification phase (1880–1950) 5170:Food and Drug Administration 4689:Food and Drug Administration 4371:Food contamination incidents 2542:10.1016/j.profoo.2016.02.060 2331:10.1080/09581596.2014.957655 2054:10.1080/09581596.2014.946888 1724:. National Academies Press. 1650:10.1080/0267257X.2010.523010 1404:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.323 891:was reportedly worth $ 12M. 4743:Food and drink prohibitions 4517:Bihar school meal poisoning 4441:United Kingdom BSE outbreak 4399:1900 English beer poisoning 3753:Antibiotic use in livestock 3633:Category: Food preservation 3159:FAO pages on Food Marketing 2927:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.08.023 2719:Australian Family Physician 2221:10.1016/j.ausmj.2016.01.007 1966:New Zealand Medical Journal 1845:10.1016/j.appet.2012.04.017 1063:Wholesale marketing of food 649:In the 1950s, entrepreneur 638:that offer coupons such as 382:conditions to do so are met 98:, discuss the issue on the 5222: 4738:Curing (food preservation) 3811:Monosodium glutamate (MSG) 2649:Walton College of Business 1342:Journal of Urban Economics 27:Promotion of food for sale 4956:Aspartame-acesulfame salt 4857: 4781: 4768:Genetically modified food 4620:Food labeling regulations 4488:2008 Chinese milk scandal 3689: 3610: 3470: 3430: 3356: 3316: 2429:10.1002/9780470409695.ch4 1354:10.1016/j.jue.2006.11.005 787:World Health Organization 331:. It brings together the 5015:Natural food substitutes 4630:Food safety in Australia 3826:High-fructose corn syrup 2876:10.2105/ajph.2014.302167 2634:10.1108/ejm-11-2011-0641 2186:10.2501/IJA-33-3-579-598 1933:10.2105/ajph.2014.302167 1569:10.1177/1090198114557122 1170:10.2105/AJPH.2006.101162 1012:Agricultural value chain 4610:Acceptable daily intake 4522:2013 horse meat scandal 3963:Clostridium perfringens 1753:Cartere, J. Y. (2009). 959:Advertising to children 258:used on Knowledge (XXG) 5101:List of food additives 4678:Centre for Food Safety 4493:2008 Irish pork crisis 4195:Benzene in soft drinks 3291:Discrimination testing 2823:Crompton, J.L (2014). 2684:10.1542/peds.2013-0093 2319:Critical Public Health 2286:10.1139/apnm-2012-0386 2042:Critical Public Health 1385:Wongleedee, K (2015). 1007:Agricultural marketing 651:Frieda Rapoport Caplan 539:brand-name recognition 317: 262:See Knowledge (XXG)'s 160:by rewriting it in an 4700:Food Standards Agency 4650:Organic certification 4645:Nutrition facts label 4389:Esing Bakery incident 4177:environment pollution 3381:Essential fatty acids 2744:Sheridan, M. (2008). 2529:Procedia Food Science 2499:. Allied Publishers. 2100:10.1509/jppm.26.2.221 1811:advocacyincubator.org 1032:Fast food advertising 315: 4941:Acesulfame potassium 4469:2006 North American 4127:Acesulfame potassium 3956:Campylobacter jejuni 3850:Intestinal parasites 3723:Consumer food safety 3047:. February 16, 2007. 2827:. London: Routledge. 1644:(13/14): 1239–1255. 1058:Ultra-processed food 1022:Consumer Goods Forum 887:'s sponsorship from 810:Purchasing decisions 791:ultra-processed food 661:Place refers to the 644:buy-one-get-one-free 507:internet advertising 104:create a new article 96:improve this article 86:may not represent a 4773:Conspiracy theories 4326:Heterocyclic amines 4230:Shellfish poisoning 3545:Modified atmosphere 2915:Preventive Medicine 2144:10.1509/jmr.13.0270 1693:10.1056/NEJMp068014 1534:10.1509/jim.12.0066 1419:Marketing Nutrition 1017:Alcohol advertising 871:stadium, similarly 815:marketing of food. 489:in print media and 463:product consistency 461:and telephone, and 369:of this section is 339:through a chain of 5027:Coffee substitutes 4431:Toxic oil syndrome 4384:Swill milk scandal 4210:Diethylstilbestrol 3882:Diphyllobothriasis 3164:2011-02-15 at the 3066:New Zealand Herald 2838:Areska, J (2012). 2523:Kapuge, K (2016). 2403:HuffPost Australia 1770:Kline, S. (2010), 1674:Nestle, M (2006). 1307:Kaynak, E (1999). 1152:Hawkes, C (2007). 1120:10.1111/jlme.12213 671:product is located 318: 162:encyclopedic style 149:is written like a 5193: 5192: 5115: 5114: 5109: 5108: 4933:sugar substitutes 4851: 4850: 4758:Food preservation 4567:Foodborne illness 4119:Sugar substitutes 3872:Cryptosporidiosis 3854:parasitic disease 3768:HGH controversies 3735:food contaminants 3647: 3646: 3641: 3640: 3520:Hurdle technology 3480:Burying in ground 3464:Food preservation 3424: 3423: 2506:978-81-8424-122-8 1731:978-0-309-09713-0 1686:(24): 2527–2529. 1474:Los Angeles Times 1210:Nutrition Reviews 1164:(11): 1962–1973. 773:Childhood obesity 743:childhood obesity 410: 409: 402: 310: 309: 302: 292: 291: 284: 256:encyclopedic tone 237: 236: 190: 189: 182: 132: 131: 124: 106:, as appropriate. 68: 16:(Redirected from 5213: 5064:Salt substitutes 5054:Milk substitutes 5022:Cheese analogues 5001:Sodium cyclamate 4890:Artificial foods 4884: 4877: 4870: 4861: 4841: 4840: 4831: 4821: 4820: 4811: 4810: 4803:Drink portal 4801: 4800: 4799: 4791: 4790: 4702:(United Kingdom) 4451:Jack in the Box 4422: 4409:Minamata disease 4321:Food irradiation 4301:4-Hydroxynonenal 4149:Sodium cyclamate 3992:Escherichia coli 3984:Escherichia coli 3716: 3709: 3702: 3693: 3687: 3630: 3629: 3620: 3619: 3457: 3450: 3443: 3434: 3343: 3336: 3329: 3320: 3314: 3286:Sensory analysis 3213: 3206: 3199: 3190: 3185: 3183: 3177:. Archived from 3176: 3155: 3149: 3141: 3139: 3138: 3118: 3084: 3083: 3081: 3080: 3058: 3049: 3048: 3042: 3034: 3023: 3022: 2986: 2977: 2976: 2974: 2973: 2964:. Archived from 2954: 2939: 2938: 2909: 2898: 2897: 2887: 2855: 2846: 2845: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2820: 2814: 2813: 2811: 2810: 2805:. 15 August 2011 2795: 2789: 2788: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2750:The Sunday Times 2741: 2735: 2734: 2714: 2705: 2704: 2686: 2668: 2659: 2653: 2652: 2644: 2638: 2637: 2628:(1/2): 314–335. 2613: 2607: 2606: 2598: 2589: 2588: 2560: 2547: 2546: 2544: 2520: 2511: 2510: 2490: 2477: 2476: 2474: 2472: 2463: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2446: 2445: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2395: 2389: 2388: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2362:. 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232: 229: 223: 200: 192: 185: 178: 174: 171: 165: 142: 141: 134: 127: 120: 116: 113: 107: 79: 78: 71: 60: 38: 37: 30: 21: 18:Food advertising 5221: 5220: 5216: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5210: 5196: 5195: 5194: 5189: 5153: 5111: 5110: 5105: 5084: 5068: 5032:Egg substitutes 5010: 4926: 4910: 4898:fat substitutes 4891: 4888: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4797: 4795: 4793:Food portal 4785: 4777: 4726: 4664: 4625:Food libel laws 4588: 4416: 4365: 4331:Modified starch 4293:Food processing 4287: 4234: 4163: 4113: 4109:Sodium benzoate 4085: 4047: 4042:Vibrio cholerae 3936: 3907:Gnathostomiasis 3892:Fasciolopsiasis 3844: 3792: 3783:Mercury in fish 3725: 3720: 3685: 3643: 3642: 3637: 3622:Food portal 3614: 3606: 3475:Biopreservation 3466: 3461: 3426: 3425: 3420: 3352: 3347: 3312: 3271:Processing aids 3222: 3217: 3181: 3174: 3170: 3166:Wayback Machine 3142: 3136: 3134: 3129: 3126: 3121: 3092: 3088: 3087: 3078: 3076: 3060: 3059: 3052: 3040: 3036: 3035: 3026: 2991:Obesity Reviews 2988: 2987: 2980: 2971: 2969: 2956: 2955: 2942: 2911: 2910: 2901: 2870:(12): e56–e64. 2857: 2856: 2849: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2822: 2821: 2817: 2808: 2806: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2777:10.1071/HE12063 2762: 2761: 2757: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2716: 2715: 2708: 2666: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2646: 2645: 2641: 2615: 2614: 2610: 2600: 2599: 2592: 2562: 2561: 2550: 2522: 2521: 2514: 2507: 2492: 2491: 2480: 2470: 2468: 2461: 2456: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2421:Food Regulation 2415: 2414: 2410: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2366: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2316: 2315: 2311: 2267: 2266: 2262: 2255: 2241: 2240: 2236: 2206: 2205: 2201: 2169: 2164: 2163: 2159: 2129: 2128: 2115: 2091:10.1.1.323.6800 2074: 2073: 2069: 2038: 2037: 2028: 1990: 1989: 1985: 1972:(1417): 36–40. 1963: 1962: 1958: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1873: 1872: 1868: 1828: 1823: 1822: 1818: 1805: 1804: 1800: 1786: 1785: 1778: 1769: 1768: 1761: 1752: 1739: 1732: 1717: 1716: 1709: 1673: 1672: 1665: 1635: 1634: 1630: 1600: 1599: 1592: 1554: 1553: 1549: 1519: 1518: 1509: 1495: 1494: 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5082: 5076: 5074: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5050: 5049: 5044: 5037:Meat analogues 5034: 5029: 5024: 5018: 5016: 5012: 5011: 5009: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4937: 4935: 4928: 4927: 4925: 4924: 4918: 4916: 4912: 4911: 4909: 4908: 4902: 4900: 4893: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4879: 4872: 4864: 4858: 4855: 4854: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4835: 4825: 4815: 4805: 4782: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4748:Food marketing 4745: 4740: 4734: 4732: 4731:Related topics 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4719: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4697: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4674: 4672: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4606: 4604: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4586: 4585: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4466: 4457: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4375: 4373: 4367: 4366: 4364: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4316:Food additives 4313: 4308: 4303: 4297: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4244: 4242: 4236: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4181: 4179: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4140: 4139: 4129: 4123: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4112: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4095: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4057: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4046: 4045: 4038: 4030: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3988: 3980: 3973: 3966: 3959: 3952: 3946: 3944: 3942:Microorganisms 3938: 3937: 3935: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3912:Paragonimiasis 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3877:Cyclosporiasis 3874: 3869: 3864: 3858: 3856: 3846: 3845: 3843: 3842: 3841: 3840: 3830: 3829: 3828: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3802: 3800: 3798:Food additives 3794: 3793: 3791: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3773:Lead poisoning 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3739: 3737: 3727: 3726: 3721: 3719: 3718: 3711: 3704: 3696: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3657: 3655: 3649: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3635: 3624: 3611: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3604: 3602:Vacuum packing 3599: 3597:Tyndallization 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3573: 3572: 3567: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3462: 3460: 3459: 3452: 3445: 3437: 3431: 3428: 3427: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3357: 3354: 3353: 3350:Food chemistry 3348: 3346: 3345: 3338: 3331: 3323: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3294: 3293: 3283: 3278: 3273: 3268: 3263: 3262: 3261: 3256: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3230: 3228: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3216: 3215: 3208: 3201: 3193: 3187: 3186: 3184:on 2014-08-14. 3168: 3156: 3125: 3124:External links 3122: 3120: 3119: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3068:. 2013-07-04. 3050: 3024: 2997:(3): 203–208. 2978: 2940: 2899: 2847: 2830: 2815: 2790: 2755: 2736: 2706: 2654: 2639: 2608: 2590: 2548: 2512: 2505: 2496:Green Business 2478: 2449: 2437: 2408: 2405:. 15 May 2017. 2390: 2372: 2369:on 2019-12-11. 2344: 2325:(3): 320–332. 2309: 2280:(6): 666–672. 2260: 2253: 2234: 2215:(1): 79–2486. 2199: 2180:(3): 579–598. 2157: 2138:(6): 817–835. 2113: 2084:(2): 221–235. 2067: 2048:(3): 299–319. 2026: 1983: 1956: 1907: 1866: 1816: 1798: 1776: 1759: 1737: 1730: 1707: 1663: 1628: 1609:(5): 449–459. 1590: 1563:(5): 569–582. 1547: 1507: 1485: 1460: 1449:(2): 418–428. 1428: 1410: 1368: 1359: 1348:(1): 135–160. 1327: 1314: 1294: 1291:. McGraw-Hill. 1279: 1245: 1193: 1141: 1083: 1073: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1027:Fish marketing 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 998: 997: 983: 967: 964: 939: 936: 926: 923: 917: 914: 896: 893: 877:Peyton Manning 844: 841: 811: 808: 798: 795: 774: 771: 738: 735: 729: 726: 717: 714: 704: 701: 695: 692: 686: 683: 658: 655: 627: 624: 597:In profitably 594: 591: 563:brand building 546: 543: 522: 519: 502: 499: 450: 447: 442: 439: 437: 434: 429: 426: 408: 407: 363: 361: 354: 348: 345: 321:Food marketing 308: 307: 290: 289: 251: 249: 242: 235: 234: 214:the key points 204: 202: 195: 188: 187: 146: 144: 137: 130: 129: 90:of the subject 88:worldwide view 83: 81: 74: 69: 43: 42: 40: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5218: 5207: 5204: 5203: 5201: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5156: 5150: 5149:Overnutrition 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5134:Food security 5132: 5130: 5127: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5121:Food politics 5118: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5093: 5091: 5087: 5081: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5071: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5019: 5017: 5013: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4938: 4936: 4934: 4929: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4917: 4913: 4907: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4894: 4885: 4880: 4878: 4873: 4871: 4866: 4865: 4862: 4856: 4844: 4836: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4824: 4816: 4814: 4806: 4804: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4783: 4780: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4753:Food politics 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4720: 4718:(South Korea) 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 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3801: 3799: 3795: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3717: 3712: 3710: 3705: 3703: 3698: 3697: 3694: 3688: 3682: 3681:Fortification 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3661:Manufacturing 3659: 3658: 3656: 3654: 3653:Food industry 3650: 3634: 3625: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3562: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3550:Pascalization 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3510:Freeze-drying 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3472: 3469: 3465: 3458: 3453: 3451: 3446: 3444: 3439: 3438: 3435: 3429: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3391:Fortification 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3366:Carbohydrates 3364: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3355: 3351: 3344: 3339: 3337: 3332: 3330: 3325: 3324: 3321: 3315: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3292: 3289: 3288: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3231: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3214: 3209: 3207: 3202: 3200: 3195: 3194: 3191: 3180: 3173: 3169: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3157: 3153: 3147: 3132: 3128: 3127: 3123: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3091: 3090: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3057: 3055: 3051: 3046: 3039: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2985: 2983: 2979: 2968:on 2016-08-10 2967: 2963: 2959: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2854: 2852: 2848: 2843: 2842: 2834: 2831: 2826: 2819: 2816: 2804: 2803:blogs.cdc.gov 2800: 2794: 2791: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2759: 2756: 2751: 2747: 2740: 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2047: 2043: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1987: 1984: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1960: 1957: 1952: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1927:(12): 56–64. 1926: 1922: 1918: 1911: 1908: 1903: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1886:(1): 11–225. 1885: 1881: 1877: 1870: 1867: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1827: 1820: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1802: 1799: 1794: 1790: 1783: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1742: 1738: 1733: 1727: 1723: 1722: 1714: 1712: 1708: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1632: 1629: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1551: 1548: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1516: 1514: 1512: 1508: 1503: 1499: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1475: 1471: 1464: 1461: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1420: 1414: 1411: 1405: 1400: 1397:: 2080–2085. 1396: 1392: 1388: 1381: 1379: 1377: 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