168:— or Public Law (P.L.) 480 — an action which simultaneously created the Office of Food for Peace. By signing this legislation, the President laid "the basis for a permanent expansion of our exports of agricultural products with lasting benefits to ourselves and peoples of other lands." The bill, a solution for food deficient, cash-poor countries, created a secondary foreign market by allowing food-deficient countries to pay for American food imports in their own currencies instead of in U.S. dollars. These currencies were, for the most part, worthless outside their issuing countries. The U.S. used these currencies to pay for economic development projects inside those countries. The law's original purpose was to expand international trade, to promote the economic stability of American agriculture, to make maximum use of surplus agricultural commodities in the furtherance of foreign policy, and to stimulate the expansion of foreign trade in agricultural commodities produced in the United States. Critics view the law as "a means of disposing of costly domestic agricultural surpluses."
111:, a coalition of carriers and maritime unions, wrote a statement which discussed the efficacy of the program and specifically the importance of the U.S. Merchant Marine in delivering the U.S. food aid to people who are undernourished around the world. Henry cited the fact that USAID's own data actually revealed that the traditional efforts to deliver food as opposed to cash transfers for countries to buy their own food is actually 78 percent cheaper per ton of food. Henry offers that this is a significant fact in the effort to address global hunger.
206:
218:
addressing humanitarian needs and responding to growing food crisis demands. In signing the extension of the
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act in 1959, President Eisenhower criticized the shortcomings of the amendment. He specifically referred to the extension as the Food for Peace program. Although Kennedy may have expanded the program, he was not the first to refer to the program as Food for Peace.
3041:
768:—establishes the McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program which consists of donations of U.S. agricultural products, as well as financial and technical assistance, for school feeding and maternal and child nutrition projects in low-income countries. It also provides for overseas donations of surplus food and feed grain owned by the USDA Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC).
789:
499:
405:
323:
25:
900:
Survey, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and U.S. Department of Agriculture. FEWS NET provides decision-makers in the U.S. Government, host country governments, and a variety of other regional and international partners timely, unbiased, and insightful early warning and vulnerability information.
859:(FAA). EFSP is deployed to respond to the highest priority emergency food security needs as a complement to Title II in-kind food aid. Both programs provide emergency food assistance to address needs arising from natural disasters, such as floods or droughts, and complex emergencies, which are often characterized by insecurity and population displacement.
774:—creates a food reserve administered under the authority of the Secretary of Agriculture. This reserve is available to meet emergency humanitarian food needs in developing countries, allowing the United States to respond to unanticipated food crises. Under the 2008 Food for Peace Act, the Administrator of USAID oversees release and use of these funds.
135:, which provided dollars for Europeans to purchase American food exports. The Marshall Plan helped rejuvenate and unite Europe while laying the foundations for a permanent U.S. food assistance program. Many of the European countries the U.S. Government helped at that time have since become major food exporters and important international donors.
733:. The U.S. Congress authorized the FY 2008-2012 phase of the Farmer-to-Farmer Program in the 2008 Food for Peace Act, designating it the "John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter Farmer-to-Farmer Program" in honor of Ogonowski, one of the pilots killed on September 11, 2001, and former Congressman Bereuter, who initially sponsored the program.
641:(CCC) to finance the sale and export of agricultural commodities to development countries and emerging democracies on credit terms, or on a grant basis, to support developing countries and countries that are emerging democracies and have made commitments to introduce or expand free enterprise elements into their agricultural economies.
736:
The Farmer-to-Farmer
Program provides voluntary technical assistance to farmers, farm groups and agribusinesses in developing and transitional countries to promote sustainable improvements in food processing, production and marketing. The program relies on the expertise of volunteers from U.S. farms,
217:
termed the law "Food for Peace," stating, "Food is strength, and food is peace, and food is freedom, and food is a helping hand to people around the world whose good will and friendship we want." Through new amendments, the law switched its focus from disposing of surplus agricultural commodities to
697:
The Food for Peace Title III program is a USAID-administered tool for enhancing food security and supporting long-term economic development in the least-developed countries. When funded, the USG donates agricultural commodities to the recipient country and funds their transportation to the point of
633:
The concessional sales program supports trade and development. The primary objective of the concessional sales component is to provide food assistance to targeted developing countries to promote economic growth. The 1996 Farm Bill modified Title I concessional loans to allow USDA to enter into loan
899:
USAID's Famine Early
Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) works with other U.S. government agencies to monitor, collect, analyze and disseminate critical data and information on conditions of food availability and access in the most food insecure countries. These agencies include the U.S. Geological
854:
USAID's Office of Food for Peace manages two programs to support emergency food assistance efforts. Emergency programs authorized under Title II of the Food for Peace Act provide in-kind commodities and associated costs. Emergency programs implemented by Food for Peace using
International Disaster
867:
The Office of Food for Peace manages development food assistance programs through Title II of the Food for Peace Act, which target the underlying causes of hunger and malnutrition, including interventions in health and nutrition, agriculture, and water and sanitation, among others. These programs
709:
Title IV of the Food for Peace Act authorizes active participation of the private sector in storage, marketing, transport and distribution. It requires multi-year agreements and an annual report to
Congress. Title IV also contains debt forgiveness provisions and establishes the prohibited uses of
890:
The
International Food Relief Partnership (IFRP) is a sub-program of Title II food assistance. IFRP provides small grants to predominantly faith-based groups working on nutritional support programs. IFRP allows for the transportation, delivery, and distribution of shelf-stable prepackaged foods
269:
McGovern resigned his post on July 18, 1962, wanting to resume his electoral political career. Kennedy said that under McGovern, the program had "become a vital force in the world", improving living conditions and economies of allies and creating "a powerful barrier to the spread of
Communism".
102:
While U.S. food aid started out in the 1950s by donating surplus U.S. commodities to nations in need, the U.S. now purchases food for donation directly from
American farmers through a competitive process. The Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance identifies need in close consultation with the host
684:
Title II emergency and development programs have provided more than 106 million metric tons of commodities to more than 3 billion people in 150 countries. Title II programs respond to emergencies and focus on reducing food insecurity in vulnerable populations as well as improving resilience to
855:
Assistance Funds (called the
Emergency Food Security Program, or EFSP) provide cash that can be used for local and regional purchase of food and other interventions such as food vouchers and cash transfers. Title II is authorized by the Food for Peace Act, while EFSP is authorized under the
656:
the Administrator may provide agricultural commodities to meet emergency food needs under this title through governments and public or private agencies The Administrator may provide agricultural commodities for nonemergency assistance under this title through eligible
152:, a leading liberal Democrat, promoted a food for peace program that would give away surplus crops owned by the U.S. government as an instrument of foreign policy in the Cold War. It appealed to conservative Republicans from farm states (but was opposed by Senator
229:
As director, McGovern urged the greater use of food to enable foreign economic development, saying, "We should thank God that we have a food abundance and use the over-supply among the under-privileged at home and abroad." He found space for the program in the
106:
During the 2010s the program underwent revisions offered by in the Administration's Fiscal Year 2014 budget. These revisions would change the program to provide cash donations rather than American grown and delivered food. On April 24, 2013, the chairman of
634:
agreements with private entities in addition to its government-to-government mandate. As a result, the new goal of the Title I program was to prioritize areas that had the potential to become commercial markets for U.S. agricultural commodities.
257:
By the close of 1961, the Food for Peace program was operating in a dozen countries, and 10 million more people had been fed with American surplus than the year before. In February 1962, McGovern visited India and oversaw a greatly expanded
745:
Title VI of the Food for Peace Act authorizes official debt relief. It links Food for Peace and AID debt owed to the United States to the promulgation of structural adjustment and open investment policies. Title VI is administered by the
225:
was picked to become a Special Assistant to the President and first director of Kennedy's high-priority Food for Peace program, which realized what McGovern had been advocating in the House. McGovern assumed the post on January 21, 1961.
94:
largest provider of overseas food assistance. The food assistance programming is funded primarily through the Food for Peace Act. The Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance also receives International Disaster Assistance Funds through the
309:, revised the basic structure of the programs and placed the emphasis clearly on the humanitarian goals of the program. The policy statement shifted from surplus disposal to planned production for export to meet world food needs.
274:
wrote that it was one of the "most spectacular achievements of the young Kennedy administration," while Schlesinger would later write that Food for Peace had been "the greatest unseen weapon of Kennedy's third-world policy".
2696:
698:
entry in the recipient country. These commodities are sold on the domestic market and the revenue generated from their sale is used to support and implement economic development and food security programs.
688:
Since 2011, the Office of Food for Peace has begun work to reformulate its food commodities to make them more nutritious. These reformulated products are used for both emergency and development programs.
629:
The Title I authority of the Food for Peace Act is administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and provides funding for a concessional sales program and the Food for Progress grant program.
81:
program of the United States has provided food assistance around the world for more than 60 years. Approximately 3 billion people in 150 countries have benefited directly from U.S. food assistance. The
3076:
762:—allows for commodity donations to be available to emerging democracies and developing countries committed to the introduction or expansion of free enterprise in their agricultural economies.
391:(the 1990 Farm Bill). This bill made a significant change in the overall focus of P.L. 480. Once seen as simply an aspect of foreign policy, P.L. 480 now has food security as a primary goal.
2525:
2318:
2232:
165:
294:. A year later Reuther resigned his retitled position of Special Assistant to the Secretary of State for Food for Peace, reportedly dismayed by the direction the food program had taken.
262:
program thanks to Food for Peace; subsequently one in five Indian schoolchildren would be fed from it, and by mid-1962, 35 million children around the world. During an audience in Rome,
2186:
2509:
2755:
644:
Since fiscal year 2006, new funding has not been requested because demand for food assistance using credit financing has fallen or grant programs have been a more appropriate tool.
388:
2222:
2434:
2401:
2543:
87:
3066:
2038:
35:
2114:
2105:
1996:
2780:
1948:
1033:"Dwight D. Eisenhower: 'Statement by the President Upon Signing Bill Extending the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954', September 21, 1959"
737:
land grant universities, cooperatives, private agribusinesses and nonprofit farm organizations to respond to the needs of host-country farmers and organizations.
2800:
2785:
2723:
2217:
2191:
620:– official debt relief linking Food for Peace and AID debt owed to the United States to the promulgation of structural adjustment and open investment policies
2650:
2645:
2640:
2503:
2174:
2124:
481:) formally replaced the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act. Programs are authorized, along with all U.S. agricultural programs, through the
2212:
2119:
1550:
2691:
2760:
2670:
2665:
2585:
2520:
2134:
1988:
1514:
868:
focus on approximately 20 priority countries determined based on the weighted average of the country ranking under three food security indicators:
2018:
2008:
1969:
580:
579:
The Food for Peace Act includes four sections, referred to as titles, which regulate food aid commodities and development and relief support. The
91:
1904:
183:
in 1950. The bill is unusual in that it gave the FAS the ability to conclude agreements with foreign governments without the approval of the
1843:
1795:
1773:
1753:
1726:
1706:
193:
limited the PL-480 grain shipments for critical famine aid to India, to pressure it into toning down its criticism on the US involvement in
2718:
2686:
1474:
2748:
2660:
2655:
3081:
2572:
2347:
2181:
2100:
1941:
2708:
2468:
2446:
2023:
1866:
836:
608:– establishes prohibited uses including no aid to human rights violators, no aid to military, and no competition with U.S. producers
546:
452:
370:
251:
64:
917:
1454:
2424:
2198:
2204:
2975:
2480:
2342:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2090:
2053:
1980:
810:
520:
426:
344:
302:
287:
2878:
2561:
2532:
2048:
1972:
1715:
Knock, Thomas J. (2000), "Feeding the World and Thwarting Communists", in David F. Schmitz; T. Christopher Jespersen (eds.),
814:
524:
430:
348:
239:
124:
2986:
2258:
1111:
3044:
2841:
2713:
1934:
1375:
981:
231:
2083:
638:
172:
942:
2998:
1855:
History of Food for Peace (Public Law 480) and Soybeans (1854-2021): Extensively Annotated Bibliography and Sourcebook
799:
509:
415:
333:
1084:
652:
Title II is administered by the USAID Office of Food for Peace as authorized in the Food for Peace Act which states
2251:
685:
shocks, by incorporating many activities to strengthen local capacity to prevent and respond to natural disasters.
661:
It authorizes use of U.S. agricultural commodities for both emergency and development food assistance programs to:
466:
247:
818:
803:
528:
513:
434:
419:
352:
337:
2765:
2635:
2485:
2412:
2301:
2068:
2043:
730:
271:
128:
2269:
1899:
1489:"Lyndon B. Johnson: 'Statement by the President Upon Signing the Food for Peace Act of 1966', November 12, 1966"
2590:
2515:
2474:
2451:
2407:
1890:
1718:
Architects of the American Century: Individuals and Institutions in Twentieth-century U.S. Foreign Policymaking
1149:
Vellianitis-Fidas, Amalia; Marsar Manfredi, Eileen; Vellianitis-Fidas, Amalia; Marsar Manfredi, Eileen (1977).
596:—provide for the direct donation of U.S. agricultural commodities for emergency relief and development programs
572:
Foster and encourage the development of private enterprise and democratic participation in developing countries
235:
250:
in visiting South America to discuss surplus grain distribution, and attended meetings of the United Nations'
2857:
2439:
2383:
2263:
2073:
1277:
1227:
3071:
2728:
1525:
1012:"The History of the Foreign Agricultural Service: Helping U.S. Producers Feed, Clothe and House the World"
856:
478:
96:
590:—governs concessional sales of U.S. agricultural commodities to developing countries and private entities
2992:
2928:
2497:
2429:
2377:
2078:
1166:
602:—provides government-to-government grants of agricultural commodities, which are tied to policy reform
2958:
2916:
2805:
2775:
2733:
2579:
2567:
2555:
2549:
2417:
2289:
1957:
298:
184:
161:
2940:
2738:
2395:
2240:
2063:
2028:
1589:
46:
475:
2952:
2490:
2389:
2129:
1380:
1209:
1058:
243:
891:
overseas and the establishment and maintenance of stockpiles of the foods in the United States.
1920:
2934:
2922:
2833:
2823:
2770:
2743:
2616:
2461:
2294:
2284:
2058:
1882:
1862:
1839:
1833:
1791:
1788:
Making U.S. Foreign Policy Toward South Asia: Regional Imperatives and the Imperial Presidency
1783:
1769:
1749:
1722:
1702:
1544:
566:
Promote broad-based, equitable and sustainable development, including agricultural development
384:
279:
190:
1666:
2910:
2898:
2886:
2849:
2795:
2537:
1154:
1358:"Letter Accepting Resignation of George McGovern as Director of the food for Peace Program"
882:
Additional considerations such as security conditions also factor into countries selected.
3030:
3023:
2904:
2892:
2865:
2828:
2790:
2701:
2311:
2306:
2033:
1894:
1888:
Food for Peace: Eisenhower's Unsung Initiative Can Be Obama's Most Powerful Tool for Peace
1361:
1353:
1179:
1151:"P.L. 480 Concessional Sales- History Procedures, Negotiating and Implementing Agreements"
387:
signed into law the first comprehensive restatement and reorganization of P.L. 480 in the
263:
222:
214:
205:
153:
149:
127:, Herbert Hoover led a $ 20 million feeding program in Russia during the 1920s under the
1914:
1488:
1303:
1252:
2946:
1357:
1011:
482:
1615:
614:—-provides voluntary technical assistance to farmers, farm groups, and agribusinesses.
3060:
3009:
2456:
2274:
1304:"'Remarks of Senator John F. Kennedy, Corn Palace, Mitchell, SD', September 22, 1960"
176:
132:
120:
3004:
2360:
259:
108:
1564:
1194:
209:
George McGovern as Food for Peace director in 1961, with President John F. Kennedy
1853:
1763:
1743:
1716:
1696:
2330:
982:
Statement of USA Maritime of Proposed Changes to the Food For Peace Program 2013
957:"U.S. Agency for International Development, Food Aid Frequently Asked Questions"
788:
725:
Title V: John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter Farmer-to-Farmer (F2F) Program (USAID)
498:
404:
322:
194:
1135:
Helscher, David. "Public Law 480, American Agriculture and World Food Demand."
1032:
2980:
2245:
1640:
1909:
1150:
2595:
1820:, Academia.edu (Graduate thesis at the University of Massachusetts — Boston)
1817:
Harvests of Leverage: Food for Peace and the Developing World from 1962-1967
1158:
956:
291:
1425:
1423:
123:
sent emergency aid to earthquake victims in Venezuela. As director of the
2279:
1461:. Franklin, Indiana. July 25, 1962. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
1887:
714:
No aid to human rights violators (can be waived in emergency situations)
612:
Title V: John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter Farmer-to-Farmer (FTF) Program
306:
1926:
1808:
729:
Title V funds the Farmer-to-Farmer Program which was authorized in the
99:(FAA) that can be used in emergency settings (more information below).
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
701:
Funds were last requested or appropriated for Title III before 2000.
1815:
1616:"The Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust: Background and Current Issues"
648:
Title II: Emergency and Development Food Assistance Programs (USAID)
485:
which Congress typically amends and reauthorizes every five years.
290:, the program was folded into the State Department under Secretary
2336:
1745:
Transplanting the Great Society: Lyndon Johnson and Food for Peace
772:
Africa: Seeds of Hope Act of 1988: Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust
583:(USDA) manages Title I, while USAID manages Titles II, III and V.
204:
180:
918:"Reforming U.S. Food Aid Can Feed Millions More at the Same Cost"
2353:
283:
1930:
1784:"Public Law 480 and the Policies of Self-Help and Short-Tether"
1278:"Food for Peace and Foreign Policy · The Political Environment"
1805:
ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
782:
492:
398:
316:
18:
1376:"Man in the News: George Stanley McGovern: Friend of Farmers"
1803:
Cochrane, Willard W. "Public Law 480 and Related Programs."
1883:
America's Food for Peace Critical During Global Food Crisis
1475:
Richard W. Reuter, Executive at Relief Agencies, Dies at 86
1997:
Commander, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force
747:
77:
In different administrative and organizational forms, the
2319:
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954
1441:
1429:
875:
Percent of population living on less than $ 1.25 per day
671:
Alleviate the causes of hunger, mortality, and morbidity
1667:"Famine Early Warning Systems Network | Data Resources"
42:
119:
America's food assistance programs began in 1812 when
2435:
Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954
1786:, in Lloyd I Rudolph; Susanne Hoeber Rudolph (eds.),
1762:
Barrett, Christopher B.; Maxwell, Dan (May 7, 2007),
625:
Title I: Economic Assistance and Food Security (USDA)
563:
Combat world hunger and malnutrition and their causes
313:
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act (1990)
1112:"How American Food Aid Keeps the Third World Hungry"
943:"USAID's Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance website"
2968:
2877:
2814:
2679:
2628:
2609:
2370:
2231:
2099:
2007:
1917:, US Department of State — Office of the Historian.
594:
Title II: Emergency and Private Assistance Programs
3077:United States Agency for International Development
2697:Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum, gravesite
2510:President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports
2074:Military Governor, U.S. Occupation Zone in Germany
1590:"The Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust | Fact Sheet"
665:Address famine or other urgent relief requirements
467:
88:United States Agency for International Development
2402:U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
1641:"Famine Early Warning System Network | ReliefWeb"
1253:"Milestones: 1961–1968 - Office of the Historian"
741:Title VI: Enterprise for the America's Initiative
618:Title VI: Enterprise for the America's Initiative
383:In 1990, the U.S. Congress passed, and President
166:Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act
2526:U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division
2544:Price–Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act
1923:, Middle East Research and Information Project.
1470:
1468:
1414:
895:Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET)
1765:Food Aid After Fifty Years: Recasting its Role
995:Hubert Humphrey: The Conscience of the Country
705:Title IV: General Authorities and Requirements
606:Title IV: General Authorities and Requirements
588:Title I: Economic Assistance and Food Security
115:Early history of United States food assistance
2786:Statue of Dwight D. Eisenhower (U.S. Capitol)
2724:Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport
2641:Republican Party presidential primaries (1948
1942:
1228:"Swallowing the humiliation - Indian Express"
559:The purpose of the Food for Peace Act is to:
389:Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act
221:Former U.S. Representative from South Dakota
32:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
1026:
1024:
886:International Food Relief Partnership (IFRP)
2504:People to People Student Ambassador Program
2280:Khrushchev, Eisenhower and De-Stalinization
1838:, Lynne Rienner Publishers, pp. 125–,
1790:, Indiana University Press, pp. 369–,
1216:. Vol. 80, no. 5. pp. 38–39.
817:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
766:Section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949
527:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
433:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
351:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2228:
1949:
1935:
1927:
1852:Shurtleff, William; Aoyagi, Akiko (2021).
1495:. University of California - Santa Barbara
1348:
1346:
1344:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1310:. University of California - Santa Barbara
1195:"Usda Use Of Surplus Food For Foreign Aid"
1039:. University of California - Santa Barbara
674:Promote economic and community development
131:. In 1948, the United States launched the
2666:United States Presidential election (1952
1671:U.S. Agency for International Development
1594:U.S. Agency for International Development
1565:"7 U.S. Code § 1736o - Food for progress"
1487:Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T (eds.).
1302:Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T (eds.).
1031:Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T (eds.).
837:Learn how and when to remove this message
547:Learn how and when to remove this message
453:Learn how and when to remove this message
371:Learn how and when to remove this message
282:, who had been the executive director of
234:rather than be subservient to either the
201:Kennedy era and Food for Peace Act (1966)
171:The law was originally drafted by future
65:Learn how and when to remove this message
3067:1961 establishments in the United States
2761:Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center
2586:Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960
1059:"Public Law 480: "Better Than a Bomber""
908:
693:Title III: Food for Development (USAID)
581:United States Department of Agriculture
242:. McGovern worked with deputy director
16:United States food distribution program
1921:Public Law 480: "Better than a bomber"
1549:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1542:
1477:, The New York Times, 13 January 2005.
1175:
1164:
1085:"Foreign Aid Clobbers the Third World"
103:government requesting the assistance.
1005:
1003:
677:Promote sound environmental practices
7:
2719:Eisenhower Executive Office Building
2656:Republican National Convention (1952
2091:Supreme Commander of NATO, 1951-1952
1910:Celebrating Food for Peace 1954–2004
1210:"An Unauthorized History of the FAS"
878:Percent of population undernourished
815:adding citations to reliable sources
525:adding citations to reliable sources
431:adding citations to reliable sources
349:adding citations to reliable sources
2887:Mary "Mamie" Geneva Doud Eisenhower
2573:Student loans in the United States
2348:National Aeronautics and Space Act
1835:Development and Democracy in India
720:No competition with U.S. producers
472:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
465:In 2008, the Food for Peace Act, (
84:Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance
36:include all significant viewpoints
14:
2709:Eisenhower National Historic Site
2469:Federal Voting Assistance Program
2447:Air Pollution Control Act of 1955
2024:1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy
1861:. Lafayette, CA: Soyinfo Center.
1569:LII / Legal Information Institute
1017:. Library of Congress. p. 5.
637:Food for Progress authorizes the
252:Food and Agriculture Organization
3040:
3039:
2425:Excise Tax Reduction Act of 1954
1900:USAID's Food for Peace home page
1748:, University of Missouri Press,
1089:The Future of Freedom Foundation
916:Schaefer, Brett (May 14, 2018).
787:
497:
403:
321:
297:The Food for Peace Act of 1966,
288:Lyndon B. Johnson administration
266:warmly praised McGovern's work.
23:
2976:Eisenhower baseball controversy
2521:U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
2481:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956
2343:EURATOM Cooperation Act of 1958
2054:People of Western Europe speech
1981:Supreme Allied Commander Europe
1782:Bjorkman, James Warner (2008),
1493:The American Presidency Project
1308:The American Presidency Project
1037:The American Presidency Project
600:Title III: Food for Development
179:after returning from a trip to
2562:National Defense Education Act
2533:Federal Plant Pest Act of 1957
2049:June 6, 1944, order of the day
2039:European Theater of Operations
1973:President of the United States
1193:Frisman, Paul (July 1, 2002).
240:U.S. Department of Agriculture
125:American Relief Administration
1:
2843:Backstairs at the White House
2714:Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial
2538:Little Rock Nine intervention
2430:Internal Revenue Code of 1954
1832:Sharma, Shalendra D. (1999),
1442:Knock, Feeding the World 2000
1430:Knock, Feeding the World 2000
760:Food for Progress Act of 1985
2806:Other tributes and memorials
2084:European Advisory Commission
1742:Ahlberg, Kristin L. (2008),
1384:. March 31, 1961. p. 8.
1010:Swanson, Ryan (March 2003).
639:Commodity Credit Corporation
173:Foreign Agricultural Service
2999:Introduction to Outer Space
2987:And I don't care what it is
2801:Places named for Eisenhower
2384:Outer Continental Shelf Act
2205:Military–industrial complex
1915:USAID and PL–480, 1961–1969
1336:Current Year Biography 1967
1214:The Foreign Service Journal
1208:Mustard, Allen (May 2003).
872:Percent of children stunted
3098:
2252:Korean Armistice Agreement
2223:Presidential Proclamations
2130:State of the Union Address
1989:Chief of Staff of the Army
1905:Where Food for Peace works
1695:Anson, Robert Sam (1972),
984:, Retrieved June 16, 2016.
748:Department of the Treasury
740:
680:Carry out feeding programs
569:Expand international trade
278:McGovern was succeeded by
248:Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.
3082:United States foreign aid
3018:
2766:Eisenhower Medical Center
2636:Draft Eisenhower movement
2486:Interstate Highway System
2413:National Wool Act of 1954
2302:Atomic Energy Act of 1954
2264:"Chance for Peace" speech
2044:Allied invasion of Sicily
1964:
1459:The Franklin Evening Star
1232:archive.indianexpress.com
731:Food Security Act of 1985
395:Food for Peace Act (2008)
232:Executive Office Building
129:Russian Famine Relief Act
2837:(1949 television series)
2591:Civil Rights Act of 1960
2516:Civil Rights Act of 1957
2475:Bank Holding Company Act
2452:Agricultural Act of 1956
2408:Agricultural Act of 1954
2259:1953 Iranian coup d'état
1721:, Imprint Publications,
1137:Case W. Res. J. Int'l L.
997:(2018) pp 104, 156, 213.
236:U.S. Department of State
2859:Ike: Countdown to D-Day
2440:Small Watershed Program
1159:10.22004/AG.ECON.146872
1116:The Heritage Foundation
779:Food for Peace programs
286:. In 1965, during the
139:Authorizing legislation
2729:Eisenhower Fellowships
1893:June 20, 2009, at the
1620:www.everycrsreport.com
1174:Cite journal requires
857:Foreign Assistance Act
659:
210:
97:Foreign Assistance Act
2993:Atoms for Peace Award
2929:Ida Stover Eisenhower
2925:(great-granddaughter)
2498:Fish and Wildlife Act
2378:Executive Order 10479
2187:Judicial appointments
2079:Disarmed Enemy Forces
1807:331.1 (1960): 14-19.
1698:McGovern: A Biography
1455:"25 Jul 1962, Page 3"
710:food aid, which are:
654:
208:
144:Public Law 480 (1954)
2959:Milton S. Eisenhower
2917:Mary Jean Eisenhower
2776:Eisenhower Golf Club
2734:Eisenhower Institute
2580:Hawaii Admission Act
2568:Federal Perkins Loan
2556:Humane Slaughter Act
2550:Alaska Statehood Act
2418:Special Milk Program
1958:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1415:Anson, McGovern 1972
863:Development programs
811:improve this section
521:improve this section
427:improve this section
345:improve this section
246:and Kennedy advisor
185:United States Senate
175:(FAS) administrator
162:Dwight D. Eisenhower
2941:Edgar N. Eisenhower
2756:U.S. Postage stamps
2739:Eisenhower Monument
2396:Submerged Lands Act
2241:Eisenhower Doctrine
2064:Operation Veritable
2029:Louisiana Maneuvers
1531:on January 16, 2010
1444:, pp. 114–115.
1417:, pp. 110–113.
754:Related legislation
668:Combat malnutrition
213:In 1961, President
43:improve the article
2953:Earl D. Eisenhower
2781:Eisenhower Theater
2491:Highway Trust Fund
2390:Refugee Relief Act
2290:1955 Geneva Summit
2213:Kennedy transition
2069:Berlin Declaration
1596:. February 3, 2023
1381:The New York Times
993:Arnold A. Offnerm
850:Emergency programs
717:No aid to military
244:James W. Symington
211:
160:On July 10, 1954,
148:Minnesota Senator
3054:
3053:
3031:John F. Kennedy →
3024:← Harry S. Truman
2935:Arthur Eisenhower
2923:Jennie Eisenhower
2853:(1979 miniseries)
2845:(1979 miniseries)
2835:Crusade in Europe
2824:Eisenhower jacket
2771:Eisenhower Trophy
2744:Eisenhower dollar
2618:Crusade in Europe
2605:
2604:
2462:Soil Bank Program
2295:1960 U-2 incident
2125:1957 inauguration
2120:1953 inauguration
2059:Normandy landings
1845:978-1-55587-810-8
1797:978-0-253-22000-4
1775:978-1-135-99296-5
1755:978-0-8262-6647-7
1728:978-1-879176-35-5
1708:978-0-03-091345-7
1673:. August 24, 2023
1356:(July 18, 1962).
1282:acsc.lib.udel.edu
1257:history.state.gov
847:
846:
839:
575:Prevent conflicts
557:
556:
549:
463:
462:
455:
385:George H. W. Bush
381:
380:
373:
280:Richard W. Reuter
191:Lyndon B. Johnson
92:U.S. Government's
75:
74:
67:
47:discuss the issue
3089:
3043:
3042:
2911:Susan Eisenhower
2899:David Eisenhower
2796:Mount Eisenhower
2229:
2218:Executive Orders
2199:Farewell address
2000:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1928:
1872:
1860:
1848:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1814:Schroer, David,
1800:
1778:
1758:
1731:
1711:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1530:
1524:. Archived from
1522:www.fas.usda.gov
1519:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1463:
1462:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1418:
1412:
1399:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1354:Kennedy, John F.
1350:
1339:
1333:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1162:
1146:
1140:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1110:Geran, Juliana.
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1065:. March 11, 1987
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1028:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1007:
998:
991:
985:
979:
973:
972:
970:
968:
963:. April 12, 2018
953:
947:
946:
939:
933:
932:
930:
928:
913:
842:
835:
831:
828:
822:
791:
783:
552:
545:
541:
538:
532:
501:
493:
473:
469:
458:
451:
447:
444:
438:
407:
399:
376:
369:
365:
362:
356:
325:
317:
70:
63:
59:
56:
50:
27:
26:
19:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3014:
2964:
2919:(granddaughter)
2913:(granddaughter)
2907:(granddaughter)
2905:Anne Eisenhower
2893:John Eisenhower
2873:
2829:Eisenhower Tree
2816:
2810:
2791:Fort Eisenhower
2675:
2624:
2601:
2371:Domestic policy
2366:
2312:Restricted Data
2307:Atoms for Peace
2285:New Look policy
2227:
2103:
2095:
2034:Operation Torch
2019:Military career
2010:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1968:
1960:
1955:
1895:Wayback Machine
1879:
1869:
1858:
1851:
1846:
1831:
1823:
1821:
1813:
1798:
1781:
1776:
1761:
1756:
1741:
1738:
1736:Further reading
1729:
1714:
1709:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1624:
1622:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1541:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1517:
1515:"Archived copy"
1513:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1473:
1466:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1428:
1421:
1413:
1402:
1396:A Thousand Days
1393:
1389:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1362:The White House
1352:
1351:
1342:
1334:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1284:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1259:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1236:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1173:
1163:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1139:10 (1978): 739.
1134:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1042:
1040:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1001:
992:
988:
980:
976:
966:
964:
955:
954:
950:
945:. June 4, 2024.
941:
940:
936:
926:
924:
922:National Review
915:
914:
910:
906:
897:
888:
865:
852:
843:
832:
826:
823:
808:
792:
781:
756:
743:
727:
707:
695:
650:
627:
553:
542:
536:
533:
518:
502:
491:
471:
459:
448:
442:
439:
424:
408:
397:
377:
366:
360:
357:
342:
326:
315:
264:Pope John XXIII
223:George McGovern
215:John F. Kennedy
203:
195:the Vietnam War
157:
154:Barry Goldwater
150:Hubert Humphrey
146:
141:
117:
90:(USAID) is the
71:
60:
54:
51:
40:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3095:
3093:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3059:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3035:
3034:
3027:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2995:
2990:
2983:
2978:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2947:Roy Eisenhower
2944:
2938:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2896:
2890:
2883:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2863:
2855:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2826:
2820:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2449:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2405:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2381:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2324:Food for Peace
2316:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2267:
2261:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2233:Foreign policy
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2184:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1977:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1885:
1878:
1877:External links
1875:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1849:
1844:
1829:
1811:
1801:
1796:
1779:
1774:
1759:
1754:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1712:
1707:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1658:
1647:. May 14, 2024
1632:
1607:
1581:
1556:
1506:
1479:
1464:
1446:
1434:
1432:, p. 107.
1419:
1400:
1387:
1367:
1340:
1321:
1294:
1269:
1244:
1219:
1200:
1185:
1176:|journal=
1141:
1128:
1102:
1076:
1050:
1020:
999:
986:
974:
948:
934:
907:
905:
902:
896:
893:
887:
884:
880:
879:
876:
873:
864:
861:
851:
848:
845:
844:
795:
793:
786:
780:
777:
776:
775:
769:
763:
755:
752:
742:
739:
726:
723:
722:
721:
718:
715:
706:
703:
694:
691:
682:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
657:organizations.
649:
646:
626:
623:
622:
621:
615:
609:
603:
597:
591:
577:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
555:
554:
505:
503:
496:
490:
487:
476:110–246 (text)
461:
460:
411:
409:
402:
396:
393:
379:
378:
329:
327:
320:
314:
311:
202:
199:
145:
142:
140:
137:
116:
113:
79:Food for Peace
73:
72:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3094:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3072:Food politics
3070:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3047:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3011:
3010:Kay Summersby
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2749:commemorative
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2457:Soil Bank Act
2455:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2275:Domino theory
2273:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2192:Supreme Court
2190:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2006:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1868:9781948436595
1864:
1857:
1856:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1819:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1777:
1771:
1768:, Routledge,
1767:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1646:
1645:reliefweb.int
1642:
1636:
1633:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1527:
1523:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1499:September 17,
1494:
1490:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1394:Schlesinger,
1391:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1309:
1305:
1298:
1295:
1283:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1201:
1196:
1189:
1186:
1181:
1168:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1103:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1077:
1064:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1013:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
990:
987:
983:
978:
975:
962:
958:
952:
949:
944:
938:
935:
923:
919:
912:
909:
903:
901:
894:
892:
885:
883:
877:
874:
871:
870:
869:
862:
860:
858:
849:
841:
838:
830:
820:
816:
812:
806:
805:
801:
796:This section
794:
790:
785:
784:
778:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
757:
753:
751:
749:
738:
734:
732:
724:
719:
716:
713:
712:
711:
704:
702:
699:
692:
690:
686:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
663:
662:
658:
653:
647:
645:
642:
640:
635:
631:
624:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
585:
584:
582:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
561:
560:
551:
548:
540:
530:
526:
522:
516:
515:
511:
506:This section
504:
500:
495:
494:
488:
486:
484:
480:
477:
470:
457:
454:
446:
436:
432:
428:
422:
421:
417:
412:This section
410:
406:
401:
400:
394:
392:
390:
386:
375:
372:
364:
354:
350:
346:
340:
339:
335:
330:This section
328:
324:
319:
318:
312:
310:
308:
304:
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
276:
273:
267:
265:
261:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
227:
224:
219:
216:
207:
200:
198:
196:
192:
188:
186:
182:
178:
177:Gwynn Garnett
174:
169:
167:
163:
158:
155:
151:
143:
138:
136:
134:
133:Marshall Plan
130:
126:
122:
121:James Madison
114:
112:
110:
104:
100:
98:
93:
89:
85:
80:
69:
66:
58:
48:
44:
38:
37:
30:
21:
20:
3038:
3029:
3022:
3005:Eddie Slovik
2997:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2842:
2834:
2702:Boyhood home
2687:Bibliography
2617:
2361:Operation 40
2323:
1854:
1834:
1822:, retrieved
1816:
1804:
1787:
1764:
1744:
1717:
1697:
1689:Bibliography
1675:. Retrieved
1670:
1661:
1649:. Retrieved
1644:
1635:
1623:. Retrieved
1619:
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1593:
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1568:
1559:
1533:. Retrieved
1526:the original
1521:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1492:
1482:
1458:
1449:
1437:
1395:
1390:
1379:
1370:
1335:
1312:. Retrieved
1307:
1297:
1287:November 26,
1285:. Retrieved
1281:
1272:
1262:November 26,
1260:. Retrieved
1256:
1247:
1237:November 26,
1235:. Retrieved
1231:
1222:
1213:
1203:
1188:
1167:cite journal
1144:
1136:
1131:
1121:November 26,
1119:. Retrieved
1115:
1105:
1095:November 26,
1093:. Retrieved
1091:. April 2014
1088:
1079:
1069:November 26,
1067:. Retrieved
1062:
1053:
1041:. Retrieved
1036:
994:
989:
977:
965:. Retrieved
960:
951:
937:
925:. Retrieved
921:
911:
898:
889:
881:
866:
853:
833:
824:
809:Please help
797:
771:
765:
759:
744:
735:
728:
708:
700:
696:
687:
683:
660:
655:
651:
643:
636:
632:
628:
617:
611:
605:
599:
593:
587:
578:
558:
543:
534:
519:Please help
507:
464:
449:
440:
425:Please help
413:
382:
367:
358:
343:Please help
331:
296:
277:
272:Drew Pearson
268:
260:school lunch
256:
228:
220:
212:
189:
170:
159:
147:
118:
109:USA Maritime
105:
101:
83:
78:
76:
61:
52:
33:
2869:(2014 play)
2861:(2004 film)
2331:Suez Crisis
1999:(1943–1945)
1991:(1945–1948)
1983:(1951–1952)
1975:(1953–1961)
1535:January 15,
827:August 2022
537:August 2022
443:August 2022
361:August 2022
299:P.L. 89-808
164:signed the
86:within the
3061:Categories
2981:Camp David
2901:(grandson)
2692:Birthplace
2246:Korean War
2115:Transition
2101:Presidency
1701:, Dopesa,
904:References
489:Provisions
301:, 80
270:Columnist
2961:(brother)
2955:(brother)
2949:(brother)
2943:(brother)
2937:(brother)
2629:Elections
2596:Sikes Act
1398:, p. 170.
1338:, p. 266.
798:does not
508:does not
483:Farm Bill
414:does not
332:does not
292:Dean Rusk
55:June 2023
3045:Category
2931:(mother)
2867:Pressure
2270:Cold War
2106:timeline
2009:Military
1891:Archived
1824:June 16,
1545:cite web
1153:. FAER.
967:July 27,
927:July 27,
34:may not
2969:Related
2817:culture
2815:Popular
2182:Cabinet
1677:May 15,
1651:May 15,
1625:May 15,
1600:May 15,
1574:May 15,
1314:July 1,
1043:July 1,
819:removed
804:sources
529:removed
514:sources
468:Pub. L.
435:removed
420:sources
353:removed
338:sources
41:Please
2889:(wife)
2879:Family
2680:Legacy
2620:(1948)
2598:(1960)
2582:(1959)
2566:1958;
2558:(1958)
2552:(1958)
2546:(1957)
2540:(1957)
2512:(1956)
2506:(1956)
2500:(1956)
2477:(1956)
2471:(1955)
2404:(1953)
2398:(1953)
2392:(1953)
2386:(1953)
2380:(1953)
2363:(1960)
2352:1958;
2339:(1958)
2333:(1956)
2266:(1953)
2250:1953;
2011:career
1865:
1842:
1809:online
1794:
1772:
1752:
1725:
1705:
474:
305:
2895:(son)
2671:1956)
2661:1956)
2651:1956)
2610:Books
2337:DARPA
1859:(PDF)
1529:(PDF)
1518:(PDF)
1063:MERIP
1015:(PDF)
961:USAID
479:(PDF)
303:Stat.
181:India
2646:1952
2354:NASA
2175:1961
2170:1960
2165:1959
2160:1958
2155:1957
2150:1956
2145:1955
2140:1955
2135:1953
1970:34th
1863:ISBN
1840:ISBN
1826:2016
1792:ISBN
1770:ISBN
1750:ISBN
1723:ISBN
1703:ISBN
1679:2024
1653:2024
1627:2024
1602:2024
1576:2024
1551:link
1537:2022
1501:2013
1316:2015
1289:2020
1264:2020
1239:2020
1180:help
1123:2020
1097:2020
1071:2020
1045:2015
969:2018
929:2018
802:any
800:cite
512:any
510:cite
418:any
416:cite
336:any
334:cite
307:1526
284:CARE
2851:Ike
1155:doi
813:by
523:by
429:by
347:by
238:or
45:or
3063::
1669:.
1643:.
1618:.
1592:.
1567:.
1547:}}
1543:{{
1520:.
1491:.
1467:^
1457:.
1422:^
1403:^
1378:.
1360:.
1343:^
1324:^
1306:.
1280:.
1255:.
1230:.
1212:.
1171::
1169:}}
1165:{{
1114:.
1087:.
1061:.
1035:.
1023:^
1002:^
959:.
920:.
750:.
254:.
197:.
187:.
2989:"
2985:"
2207:"
2203:"
2108:)
2104:(
1950:e
1943:t
1936:v
1871:.
1681:.
1655:.
1629:.
1604:.
1578:.
1553:)
1539:.
1503:.
1364:.
1318:.
1291:.
1266:.
1241:.
1197:.
1182:)
1178:(
1161:.
1157::
1125:.
1099:.
1073:.
1047:.
971:.
931:.
840:)
834:(
829:)
825:(
821:.
807:.
550:)
544:(
539:)
535:(
531:.
517:.
456:)
450:(
445:)
441:(
437:.
423:.
374:)
368:(
363:)
359:(
355:.
341:.
156:.
68:)
62:(
57:)
53:(
49:.
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
