Food bank - Knowledge (XXG)

147: 192: 1196: 279:'s administration scaled back welfare provision, leading to a rapid rise in activity from grassroots hunger relief agencies. According to a comprehensive government survey completed in 2002, over 90% of food banks were established in the US after 1981. Poppendieck says that for the first few years after the change, there was vigorous opposition from the left, who argued that state welfare was much more suitable for meeting recipients needs. But in the decades that followed, food banks have become an accepted part of America's response to hunger. Demand for the services of US food banks increased further in the late 1990s, after the "end of welfare as we know it" with 344: 42: 1143:, food is often relatively cheap and plentiful for the first few months after the harvest but then becomes more and more expensive. Food banks in those areas can buy large amounts of food shortly after the harvest, and then as food prices start to rise, they sell it back to local people throughout the year at well below market prices. Such food banks will sometimes also act as centres to provide smallholders and subsistence farmers with various forms of support. 804: 260: 4933: 120:" model, supplying food to intermediaries like food pantries, soup kitchens and other front-line organizations. In the US, Australia and to an extent in Canada, the standard model is for food banks to act as warehouses rather than as suppliers to the end user, though there are exceptions. In other countries, food banks usually hand out food parcels direct to hungry people, providing the service that in the US is offered by 31: 179: 4929: 576: 687:

aimed to provide short-term support for people whose needs have not yet been addressed by official state welfare provision; those who had been "falling into the cracks in the system". The Trussell franchise has procedures which aim to prevent long-term dependency on their services and to ensure that those in need are referred to qualified outside agencies. The charity suggests that the

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about 500%, with food stamps distributed free of charge to those in greatest need. According to Poppendieck, welfare was widely considered preferable to grassroots efforts, as the latter could be unreliable and did not give recipients consumer-style choice in the same way as did food stamps. It also risked recipients feeling humiliated by having to turn to charity. In the early 1980s,

139:, that warehouse serves as a single collection and distribution point for food donations. A food bank operates a lot like a for-profit food distributor, but in this case, it distributes food to charities, not to food retailers. There is often no charge to the charities, but some food banks do charge a small "shared maintenance" fee to help defray the cost of storage and distribution. 504:(MDP), had specialized in supplying food to marginalized people who are not covered by the benefits system and who were in some cases reluctant to approach the more formal food banks. The program involved the EU buying surplus agricultural products, which were then distributed to the poor largely by Catholic churches. The MDP was wound down in late 2013 and was replaced by the 584: 508:(FEAD), which is set to run until at least 2020. The FEAD program has a wider scope than the MDP, helping deprived people not just with food aid, but with social inclusion projects and housing. The actual methods employed by FEAD tend to vary from country to country, but in several EU states, such as Poland, its activities include helping to fund local food bank networks. 679:, food banks were "almost unheard of" in the UK. In 2004, Trussell only ran two food banks. In 2011, about one new food bank was being opened per week. In 2012, the Trussell Trust reported that the rate of new openings had increased to three per week. In August, the rate of new openings spiked to four per week, with three new food banks being opened in that month for 1285: 1220:"Many politicians and campaigners are fascinated by the possibilities of food banks. After the initial shock that "things have come to this" there is, on the left of the political spectrum, a nervous excitement about the potential for community self-help. On the right, there is outright enthusiasm for what is seen as "big society" welfare in its purest form." 103: 522: 191: 771:. Delays in providing the first payment force claimants to use food banks, also Universal Credit does not provide enough to cover basic living expenses. Claiming Universal Credit is complex and the system is hard to navigate, as many claimants cannot afford internet access and cannot access online help with claiming. A report by the 727:-based charity which operates some nineteen depots on the American-style warehouse model. Rather than giving out food directly to individuals, FareShare distributes food to over 700 smaller agencies, mainly smaller independent operations like soup kitchens and breakfast clubs. Great emphasis is placed on reducing 224:, instead providing an early form of food stamps which had the benefit of allowing recipients to choose food of their liking, rather than having to accept whatever happened to be in surplus at the time. However, there was a minimum charge and some people could not afford the stamps, leading to severe hunger. 1227:

Poppendieck says that the logistics of running food banks can be so demanding that they prevent kind-hearted people from having time to participate in public policy advocacy; yet she also says if they can be encouraged to lobby politicians for long-term changes, that would help those on a low income.

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Since the 1980s food banking has spread around the world. There are over 40 countries and regions with active food bank groups under the umbrella of the Global Food Banking Network. Countries and regions in the international network include Australia, Israel, Turkey, Russia, India, Taiwan, Colombia,

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It is very sad that our government is opposing this much-needed help for foodbanks on the basis that it is a national responsibility, when in reality it has no intention of providing the help itself. The only conclusion is that Conservative anti-European ideology is being put before the needs of the

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Recent national survey data suggests that 8% of adults experienced not having enough money for food over 2016 – this figure is likely to be many times more than the number helped by food banks. We need ongoing national survey monitoring to understand the scale of food insecurity, who is at risk, and

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In Canada, foodbanks underwent a period of rapid growth after the cutbacks in welfare that took place in the mid-1990s. As early as the 1980s, food banks had also begun to spread from the United States to the rest of the world. The first European food bank was founded in France in 1984. In the 1990s

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In the 1980s, U.S. food banks began to grow rapidly. A second response to the "rediscovery" of hunger in the mid-sixties had been extensive lobbying of politicians to improve welfare. Until the 1980s, this approach had a greater impact. In the 1970s, U.S. Federal expenditure on hunger relief grew by

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The rise of food banks has been "broadly welcomed". For it is said that "not only do they provide a solution to the problem of hunger that does not require resources from the state", but they can be viewed "as evidence of increasing community spirit and of active, caring citizenship". In the UK for

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People who turn to food banks are typically grateful both for the food and for the warmth and kindness they receive from the volunteers. However, sometimes food banks have run out of supplies by the time they arrive. Some find it humiliating to have to ask for food, and the packages they receive do

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Several food banks have been set up outside of the Trussell system, some faith-based, others secular in part as they do not like having to turn away people without referrals, although Trussell Trust food banks do help clients in need without vouchers to get one as quickly as possible. There is also

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The growth of food banks has been welcomed by commentators who see them as examples of active, caring citizenship. Other academics and commentators have expressed concern that the rise of food banks may erode political support for welfare provision. Researchers have reported that in some cases food

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Most UK food banks are hosted by churches in partnership with the wider community. They operate on the "frontline" model, giving out food directly to the hungry. Over 90% of the food given out is donated by the public, including schools, churches, businesses and individuals. The Trussell Trust had

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policies. These policies included cuts to the welfare state and caps on the total amount of welfare support that a family can claim. The OECD found that the number of people who answered yes to the question 'Have there been times in the past 12 months when you did not have enough money to buy food

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and earlier. In 1965, while volunteering for a community dining room, van Hengel learned that grocery stores often had to throw away food that had damaged packaging or was near expiration. He started collecting that food for the dining room but soon had too much for that one program. He thought of

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are particularly vulnerable to financial crisis and sometimes need the assistance of food banks. As had been predicted, demand for food banks further increased after cuts to welfare came into effect in April 2013, which included the abolition of Crisis loans. In April 2014, Trussell reported that

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The Trussell Trust revealed a 47% increase in several three-day emergency supplies provided by their food banks in December 2016 compared to the monthly average for the 2016–17 financial year. Public donations in December 2016 meant foodbanks met the increased need in that month, but donations in

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Other criticism expresses alarm at "transnational corporate food banking which construct domestic hunger as a matter for charity, thereby allowing indifferent and austerity-minded governments to ignore increasing poverty and food insecurity and their moral, legal and political obligations, under

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There has also been concern expressed about food banks by some researchers and politicians. Drawing on the United States's experience after the rapid rise of food banks in the 1980s, American Sociology Professor Janet Poppendieck warned that the rise of food banks can contribute to the long-term

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Rather than acting as a service to ensure people do not face destitution, the evidence suggests that for people on the very lowest incomes … the poor functioning of universal credit can actually push people into a tide of bills, debts and, ultimately, lead them to a food bank. People are falling

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has said food banks are often inefficient, unreliable and unable to supply nutritional food. She said a survey in Toronto found that only 1 in 5 families suffering from food insecurity would turn to food banks, in part because there is a stigma associated with having to do so. Elizabeth Dowler,

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and with a decrease in donations, partly as the food industry is becoming more efficient and so has less mislabelled and other slightly defective food to give away. Also, there has been less surplus federal food on offer. Additionally, there have been recent decreases in government funding, and

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For many US food banks, most of their donated food comes from food left over from the normal processes of for-profit companies. It can come from any part of the food chain, e.g. from growers who have produced too much or whose food is not sufficiently visually appealing; from manufacturers who

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According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in Japan, the number of such organizations stood at 178 in the 2022 fiscal year through March, marking a significant increase from the 120 seen two years earlier. As of 2022, there is at least one food bank organization in every

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Although going for a few years by various small charities around the world, 2017 saw a significant increase in media coverage and take up of the reverse advent calendar. The UK Money bloggers campaign encouraging the public to give something to a food bank every day for 25 days was covered by

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Many food banks do not accept fresh produce, preferring canned or packaged food due to health and safety concerns, though some have tried to change this as part of a growing worldwide awareness of the importance of nutrition. As an example, in 2012, London Food Bank (Canada) started accepting

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They often have considerable credibility with legislators. As of 2012, senior US food bank staff members have "expressed a preference" to remain politically neutral/refused to take a stand, which political activists have suggested may relate to their sources of funding/political pressure.

1269:, has expressed alarm at the rise of food banks. He has reminded the governments of the advanced economies in Europe and Canada that they have a "duty to protect" their citizens from hunger, and suggested that leaving such an obligation to food banks may be an abuse of human rights. 431:

outbreak impacted European food banks since value chains were notably disrupted and food banks lacked the support of volunteers. Compared to 2019, the amount of food distributed increased in 2020. Possibly through an increase in people in need. At the same time, the deliveries of

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they had handed out 913,000 food parcels in the last year, up from 347,000 the year before. Several councils have begun looking at funding food banks to increase their capability, as cuts to their budgets mean they will be less able to help vulnerable people directly.

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A joint report from the Trussell Trust, the Church of England, and the charities Oxfam and Child Poverty Action Group found that food bank users were more likely to live in rented accommodation, be single adults or lone parents, be unemployed, and have experienced a

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and housing officials. The voucher can typically be exchanged at the food bank for a package of food sufficient to last three days. The year to April 2013 saw close to 350,000 referrals to Trussell Trust foodbanks, more than double the amount from the previous year.

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Though food banks were rarely seen in the UK in the second half of the twentieth century, their use has started to grow, especially in the 2000s, and have since dramatically expanded. The increase in the dependency on food banks has been blamed by some, such as

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and World Food Prize nominee Gary Oppenheimer which lists nearly 9,000 food pantries (1 out of every 4 in America) across all 50 states that are eager to receive surplus locally grown garden produce from any of America's 62 million home or community gardeners.

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Those who are short of food are likely to frequently also be short of other essential products, like shampoo and basic hygiene products (e.g. soap, toilet rolls and sanitary products). Some people must choose between buying food and buying basic toiletries.

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overproduced; or from retailers who over-ordered. Often the product is approaching or past its "sell by" date. In such cases, the food bank liaises with the food industry and with regulators to make sure the food is safe and legal to distribute and eat.

702:, most, but not all UK food banks are unable to help people who come in off the street without a referral – instead, they operate with a referral system. Vouchers are handed out to those in need by various sorts of frontline care professionals, such as 1025:

wrote that those referred to food banks or given vouchers were "the lucky ones with a good doctor or health visitor who knows us well enough to recognize that something has gone seriously wrong" and expressed concern for those who lack this support.

481:, food banks helped about 121,000 people in 2012. That was an increase of about 4,500 compared with 2011, the biggest increase since the start of the 2008 crisis. Belgian food banks account for about 65% of all food aid given out within the country. 127:

Another distinction is between the charity model and the labor union model. At least in Canada and the US, food banks run by charities often place relatively more weight on the salvaging of food that would otherwise go to waste, and on encouraging

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reported in 2012 that there were then 50 million Americans struggling with food insecurity (about 1 in 6 of the population), with the number of individuals seeking help from food banks having increased by 46% since 2005. According to a 2012

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Summer can be a challenging time for food banks, particularly in regions where school children are usually given regular free meals during term time. Spikes in demand can coincide with periods where donations fall due to folk being on holiday.

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as well as relieving food poverty. Fareshare operates on a business basis, employing several Managers to oversee operations alongside their army of volunteers. Employee costs constituted over 50% of their expenditure in both 2011 and 2012.

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These organizations can be private or public, religious or secular. The type and nature of the recipient agency vary depending upon the policies of the food bank, the nature of their community, and the local laws where they

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is a registered charity and part of the Global Food Banking Network that has an outreach of over 50 countries. Food from the Heart and Jamiyah FoodBank are also 2 other food banks in the food-insecure nation of Singapore.

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in 1967. According to sociology professor Janet Poppendieck, the hunger within the US was widely considered to be a solved problem until the mid-1960s. By the mid-sixties, several states had ended the free distribution of

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issues with benefits can force people to use food banks. Many further people who need food banks have low-income jobs but struggle to afford food after making debt repayments and all other expenses. Low-paid workers,

419:, with events planned all over the nation. Food banks and other agencies involved hoped to raise awareness that about one in six Americans are struggling with hunger and to get more Americans involved in helping out. 1383:

Soup kitchens will typically feed anyone if they have food available, but they can often only provide a single meal. A food bank on the other hand will typically give a package of food sufficient to last for several

842:, about half a million Britons had used food banks. The Trussell Trust reports that their food banks alone helped feed 346,992 people in 2012–13. Numbers using food banks more than doubled during the period 2012–13. 374:, and the lasting inflation in the price of food that began in late 2006, there has been a further increase in the number of individuals requesting help from American and Canadian food banks. By 2012, according to 2154: 1045:

In total, around 3.5 million people rely on food banks in France. One provider, the Banque Alimentaire has over 100 branches in France, serving 200 a million meals a year to 1.85 million people.

132:, whereas those run by unions can place greater emphasis on feeding the hungry by any means available, on providing work for the unemployed, and on education, especially on explaining to users their civil rights. 780:

through the cracks in a system not made to hold them. What little support available is primarily offered by the third sector, whose work is laudable, but cannot be a substitute for a real, nationwide safety net.

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erosion of human rights and support for welfare systems. Once food banks become well established, it can be politically impossible to return responsibility for meeting the needs of hungry people to the state.

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Many feel they are firefighting, finding a way to deal with the logistics of feeding more and more people, with no time to advocate for changes that would eradicate the need for food banks in the first

979:"There are many complex reasons why people go to food banks." Siddiqui wrote further, "(...) the reasons people turn to food banks are quite plain (and there have been studies that support them). The 3225: 1163:, South Korea and the UK. There are also several countries with food banks which have not yet joined the network, either because they do not yet meet the required criteria or they have not applied. 610:. The spread of food banks maps growing problems of poverty across the UK, but also the growing drive among many thousands of people across the country to try and do something about those problems. 2215: 2114: 1783: 1924: 387:

study, there has been a 40% increase in demand for Californian food banks since 2008, with married couples who both work sometimes requiring the aid of food banks. Dave Krepcho, Director of the

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creating a central location from which any agency can receive donations. Described as a classic case of "if you build it they will come", the first food bank was created with the help of

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to salvage leftover crops for free once their primary harvest is complete. A few food banks have even taken over their farms, though such initiatives have not always been successful.

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In the U.S. and sometimes in Canada, food banks don't typically give food directly to the hungry. Instead they act as warehouses, supplying front-line agencies like this Californian

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By mid-2012, US food banks had expressed concerns about the expected difficulty in feeding the hungry over the coming months. Rapidly rising demand has been coinciding with higher

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was the world's first food bank, established in the US in 1967. Since then, many thousands have been set up all over the world. In Europe, their numbers grew rapidly after the

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A major distinction between food banks is whether or not they operate on the "front line" model, giving out food directly to the hungry, or whether they operate with the "

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The college and University Food Bank Alliance, which was formed in 2012, has 570 campus food pantries nationwide. On-campus food pantries were available at 70% of

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official, has cautioned Europe against allowing food banks to become a permanent partial replacement for welfare provision, as is the case in the U.S. and Canada.

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was established in 1989. Similar to the UK's experience, food banks have become much more common across continental Europe since the crisis that began in 2008.

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perishable food, reporting that as well as the obvious health benefits, there were noticeable emotional benefits to recipients when they were given fresh food.

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The Egyptian Food Bank was established in Cairo in 2006, and less than ten years later, food banks run on similar principles spread to other Arab countries in

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According to an all-party parliamentary report released in December 2014, key reasons for the increased demand for UK foodbanks are delays in paying benefits,

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for example began asking donors to send in supermarket vouchers so that those they serve will be able to choose food that best meets their nutritional needs.

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began to take effect, and partly as those on low incomes began to draw down savings and run out of friends of whom they were willing to ask for help. Unlike

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programs, food banks help reduce emissions by ensuring the productive use of energy involved in the production of food and by diverting food away from

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In the US, cities will often have a single food bank that acts as a centralized warehouse and will serve several hundred front-line agencies. Like a

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As of 2013, there were over 900 food banks in Germany, up from just 1 in 1993. In 2014, 1.5 million people a week used food banks in Germany.

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and early 2000s, food banks were established in South America, Africa, and Asia, in several cases with van Hengel acting as a consultant. In 2007,

5238: 1349: 2376: 2434: 2117:. As the price of food was high throughout 2012, federal authorities were buying less on the market, and so had less to give away to food banks. 335:, distributes over 1,600 pounds of pet food each month to families who are experiencing economic hardship and cannot afford to feed their pets. 5066: 2579: 2514: 2005: 1014:, saying: "I feel a real burning anger about them ... People are very distressed at having to ask for food; it's humiliating and distressing." 995: 4256: 2457:"Poverty: Commission proposes new fund for European Aid to the Most Deprived - frequently asked questions (European Commission press release)" 1946: 488:, a country that weathered the crisis relatively well, and did not implement severe austerity measures. In 2012, professor Sabine Pfeiffer of 247:. As of the early 21st century, their network of over 200 food banks provides support for 90,000 projects. Other large networks exist such as 75: 5143: 4381: 3409: 1758: 489: 4991: 4823: 3570: 1979: 327:

in 2013 through a $ 10,000 donation and by being featured on labels of the vintner's Impression Red Blend wines. Pet Buddies Food Pantry in

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UK food banks appealed for volunteers and supplies, fearing an increase in demand for food as Universal Credit was rolled out further.

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Food banks need extra donations during the summer holidays because school children do not receive free school meals during that time.

459:, food banks can operate on the warehouse model, supplying a network of surrounding soup kitchens and other food relief agencies. The 221: 4704: 3439: 2460: 79: 3725: 2131: 938: 869:

was the single most frequent reason for food bank referrals and there has been criticism over sanctions being imposed for allegedly

862:, and additional fuel costs in winter. Some clients of foodbanks are at work but cannot afford everything they need due to low pay. 562: 4857: 1187:

and other greenhouse gasses. One estimate puts the greenhouse gas avoidance from food banks at more than 1.7 million tons in 2021.

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Some U.S. cities have organizations that provide dog and cat food for pets whose owners qualify for food assistance. For example,

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Sabine Goodwin, an Independent Food Aid Network researcher, said most food bank workers reported increasing demand for food aid.

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lunch with her pet cat because she could not afford cat food. Daffy's was one of seven non-profit organizations recognized by

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and the Independent Food Aid Network said statistics showed a rapid rise in several food banks during the last five years.

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While many European food banks have long been run by civil society with no government assistance, an EU-funded project, the

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Food banks spread across the United States, and Canada. By 1976, van Hengel had established the organization known today as

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Formed in 2009, Food Bank South Africa (Food Bank SA) is South Africa's national food banking network and a member of the

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was started in 1997 by Tom Wargo, a repairman who was working in an elderly woman's home when he noticed her sharing her

4374:"The rise of foodbanks in Germany is increasing the commodification of poverty without addressing its structural causes" 3462: 1847: 793: 384: 359: 3687: 1697: 540: 536: 5116: 4592: 4570: 3159: 1972:"On World Food Day, October 16th, Food Banks Canada is asking Canadians to take action in support of local food banks" 1884: 942: 460: 4887: 4764: 2830: 3125: 4509: 4079: 3892: 3862: 2853: 1577: 744:

January, February and March 2017 all fell below the monthly average of 931 tonnes for the 2016-17 financial year.

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has exponentially driven low and even some middle income class consumers to at least partially get their food.

4930:"GFN Member Food Banks Prevented 1.7 Million Tons of Carbon Emissions in 2021 by Reducing Food Loss and Waste" 3183: 3147: 976:

was asked about even nurses (then subject to a 1% annual pay freeze) using food banks and May merely replied,

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editor Toby Young speculating in 2015 that the initial rise was due to both more awareness of food banks, and

5090:"Food Poverty: UN Special Rapporteur Finds Austerity, Food Banks And Working Poor In UK 'Extremely Worrying'" 4960: 1554: 4067: 2975: 2942: 2158: 1405: 1334: 1136: 966: 768: 620: 331:

is another example of an establishment that provides food aid for pets. The St. Augustine Humane Society in

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prefecture in Japan. The importance of food banks has become more recognized during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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One response from American society to the rediscovery of hunger was to step up the support provided by

3410:"Foodbanks expecting busiest Christmas ever against the backdrop of growing need - The Trussell Trust" 3624: 2430: 1256: 352: 312: 5058: 2571: 5289: 5284: 3189: 2897: 2371: 1262: 1232: 1199: 1108: 4373: 4831: 3820: 2902: 1790: 1344: 1252: 1160: 1132: 902: 889: 661: 603: 200: 4169:. The All-Party Parliamentary Inquiry into Hunger and Food Poverty in Britain. 8 December 2014. 2246: 1010:

has a different view, feeling that the rise of food banks reflects people being let down by the

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may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience

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and feels the government is reluctant to admit the obvious link. Siddiqui said that during the

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Close to half of those needing to use food banks have had issues with their benefit payments.

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Capodistrias, Paula; Szulecka, Julia; Corciolani, Matteo; Strøm-Andersen, Nhat (2022-08-01).

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Since 2010, demand for food banks continued to increase, and at a more rapid rate, partly as

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not always seem nutritious. Some food banks have tried to respond with innovative programs;

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decreased by 20% due to panic shopping/Hoarding, especially at the beginning of the crisis.

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has been debating possible further cuts, including potentially billions of dollars from the

392: 328: 232: 212: 1820: 395:, has said that college-educated professional couples have begun to turn to food pantries. 5249: 4712: 4263: 3577: 3554: 3531: 3435: 2614: 2456: 2431:"Free food for the most deprived persons in the EU (published by the European Commission)" 2043: 2010: 1894: 1426:"Food banks face inflation struggles with surging demand: 'Never seen anything like this'" 954: 885: 844:"Foodbanks help prevent crime, housing loss, family breakdown and mental health problems." 676: 412: 320: 244: 216: 113:

With thousands of food banks operating around the world, there are many different models.

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The Global Foodbank network - includes resources to find food banks throughout the world.

378:, over 850,000 Canadians needed help from a food bank each month. For the United States, 817:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

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that you or your family needed?' has decreased from 9.8% in 2007 to 8.1% in 2012, with

348: 263: 3828: 2890:"The Trussell Trust Foodbank Network: Exploring the Growth of Foodbanks Across the UK" 1171:

Food banking and related models have been proposed as a key solution to the reduction

1006:, has described food banks as an "excellent example" of active citizenship. Labour MP 30: 5273: 5245: 3720: 3711: 3113: 2980: 2971: 1324: 1266: 1011: 991: 324: 276: 4853: 3824: 2752:"Was food poverty actually higher under the last Labour government? | The Spectator" 1231:

The emergence of "Little Free Food Pantries" and "Blessing Boxes", modelled on the "

178: 5030: 4504: 4346: 4267: 3581: 3558: 3467: 2785: 2618: 1430: 1303: 1213: 1121: 280: 228: 196: 129: 65: 4403: 3349: 2946: 579:

Barnet Food Hub, supplying food banks in the London Borough of Barnet. March 2021.

575: 3629:"Half a million Britons using food banks. What kind of country is this becoming?" 683:

alone. In 2022 the number of food banks run by Trussell had risen to over 1,400.

231:

and similar civil society food relief agencies – some of these dated back to the

5021: 4133: 4006: 3597:

Walking the breadline : the scandal of food poverty in 21st century Britain

3524: 2278:"European food banks and COVID-19: Resilience and innovation in times of crisis" 1290: 1236: 1176: 1175:

emissions. Around 8% of total emissions are due to food loss and waste. Through

1125: 1059: 1022: 973: 893: 399: 267: 4102: 3945: 2293: 5185: 5153: 1784:"Household food security in the global north: challenges and responsibilities" 1359: 1280: 1087: 1007: 728: 680: 155: 136: 60:

that distributes food to those who have difficulty purchasing enough to avoid

3463:"Why the 'reverse advent calendar is the best thing you can do this December" 2301: 1920: 17: 4038:"Breadline Britain: councils fund food banks to plug holes in welfare state" 3683: 3496:"How reverse advent calendars are helping food banks countdown to Christmas" 3436:"No one should go hungry at Christmas - #FoodbankAdvent - UK Money Bloggers" 3316: 3151: 3012:"Food banks: 'People would rather go without and feed their children first'" 2570:

Gorb, Aleksandra; Francis-Devine, Brigid; Irvine, Susannah (July 14, 2022).

2487: 2337: 1180: 1071: 720: 711: 640: 633: 607: 583: 543:

any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against

471: 154:

Other sources of food include the general public, sometimes in the form of "

117: 82:

began to worsen economic conditions for those on low incomes. Likewise, the

4600: 4562: 4280:

Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons Westminster.

3816: 3807: 2319: 1406:"MoneyWatch: More hungry Americans are using food banks for the first time" 4880: 4772: 3117: 5217:

Canice Prendergast. 2017. "How Food Banks Use Markets to Feed the Poor."

4312:"Crisis? What crisis? How politicians ignore the existence of food banks" 4197:"'Confront simple fact hunger stalks Britain' urges church-funded report" 4071: 3884: 3854: 2403: 1750: 1522:

Sharing the Harvest: A Citizen's Guide to Community Supported Agriculture

1410: 1339: 1329: 987:

service had been in place for 12 months or more were four times as busy.

428: 159: 4649:"Why in a cheap food paradise, some Singaporeans are still going hungry" 3716:"How food banks became mainstream: the new reality of the working poor" 3087: 1705: 1364: 1184: 1015: 485: 478: 102: 91: 4228:"Government under fire for rejecting European Union food bank funding" 3798: 2155:"Food banks cope with funding cuts, drops in donations, higher demand" 1284: 760:

said, "for too many people, staying above water is a daily struggle".

660:

As of January 2014, the largest group co-ordinating UK food banks was

5264: 3658: 3548:

People with 'nowhere else to turn' fuel rise in food bank use – study

2857: 2088: 1140: 1090:

is also a food bank in Hong Kong as well as the Foodlink Foundation.

1067: 1018: 957:

said that the rise in food bank use coincided with the imposition of

881:", where their unemployment benefits were cut for at least one month 847: 724: 587:

Food parcels given out by the Trussell Trust from 2005/06 to 2019/20.

470:

helped to feed about 800,000 people during 2008–11, according to the

445: 68:. Some food banks distribute food directly with their food pantries. 61: 4342:"Food banks appeal for help to feed children during school holidays" 2781:"Poverty 'driving people to choose between eating or keeping clean'" 1909:"On-campus food pantries help struggling students succeed in school" 1350:

National Association of Letter Carriers' Stamp Out Hunger Food Drive

5136:

Food bank nations: poverty, corporate charity and the right to food

3749:"Benefit sanctions hit over 900,000 claiming jobseeker's allowance" 2058:"Thousands More in Solano, Napa Counties are Turning to Food Banks" 5224:

Canice Prendergast. 2022. "The Allocation of Food to Food Banks".

3387: 3309:"Report and Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2012" 1194: 1063: 1055: 835: 691:

caused an upsurge in the number of people needing emergency food.

582: 574: 456: 449: 342: 258: 190: 177: 145: 101: 40: 29: 4905:"Food Waste and its Links to Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change" 4500:"Taiwan to enjoy support from international food banking network" 2113:

Several food banks receive federal food surpluses as part of the

1054:

Several Asian places have begun to use food banks; these include

846:

Reasons why people have difficulty getting enough to eat include

3885:"Disability payments delay 'forced claimants to use food banks'" 2720:"Society at a Glance 2014 Highlights: UK OECD Social Indicators" 2085:"Going hungry in America: 'Distressing,' 'humbling' and 'scary'" 859: 315:, distributing over 800,000 pounds of dog and cat food in 2012. 252: 3571:

Food banks fear winter crisis as universal credit is rolled out

1719: 248: 4793: 4742: 4434:"Dossier "Gaspillage Alimentaire, enjeux et pistes d'actions"" 3535: 1669:

Leslie Crutchfield and Heather McLeod Grant (2007). "Chpt 3".

1159:

Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Guatemala, South Africa, Hong Kong,

797: 515: 934:

fund to help finance food banks in the UK. This disappointed

602:

There are now food banks in almost every community, from the

5026:"Let's debate our need for food banks – a national disgrace" 4282:"House of Commons Hansard Debates for 23 May 2012 (pt 0001)" 3780:"Austerity, sanctions, and the rise of food banks in the UK" 1671:

Forces for Good: The Six Practices of High-Impact Nonprofits

4257:

Tories have avoided the truth over austerity and food banks

2186:"Food banks run short as federal government hands out less" 2036: 1848:"John van Hengel Dies at 83; Founded 1st Food Bank in 1967" 5117:"Food banks can only plug the holes in social safety nets" 1698:"About - St. Mary's Food Bank - Our Mission to End Hunger" 1004:

Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

652:

the implications for child and adult health and wellbeing.

4879:

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

4404:"Food bank use tiny compared with Germany, says minister" 2128:"City Food Banks Face Federal Funding Shortage - NY1.com" 1897:

Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved 26 February 2013.

1646:

Sweet Charity?: Emergency Food and the End of Entitlement

1520:

Elizabeth Henderson and Robyn Van En (1986). "Chapt 19".

34:

Volunteers pass out food items from a food pantry run by

4072:"The growing demand for food banks in breadline Britain" 3599:- May 2013 report by Oxfam and Church Action on Poverty" 619:

columnist George Monbiot, on the 2008 recession and the

64:, usually through intermediaries like food pantries and 4854:"Reduced Food Waste @ProjectDrawdown #ClimateSolutions" 4466:"How French law requires supermarkets to handover food" 4103:"Food banks see 'shocking' rise in the number of users" 3915:"Welfare delays cause soaring numbers using food banks" 945:, who assisted in negotiating the fund. Howitt stated: 591:

In 2022 there were over 2,572 UK food banks in the UK.

492:

said there has been an "explosion" of food bank usage.

27:

Non-profit, charitable organization that gives out food

5167: 3248:"Food banks across the UK: help us create a directory" 636:

referring people to food banks when they were hungry.

2006:"UN official alarmed by the rise of food banks in UK" 1453:"Global FoodBanking Network: History of Food Banking" 4961:"Food banks: Lambeth holds its breath, and its nose" 4533:"Beating waste and putting food on plates for needy" 3977:"Food bank use tops million mark over the past year" 3118:"Demand from emergency food banks is 'still rising'" 2603: 2601: 2599: 2597: 1821:"Recession and welfare reform increase hunger in US" 998:

in 2012 that he welcomed the efforts of food banks.

3218:"How to set up a food bank in your local community" 199:. (Picture taken in 2009, and shows members of the 78:which began in late 2006, and especially after the 4134:"'Pay benefits faster' to reduce hunger, MPs urge" 3279:"Food bank: We need more food to feed UK's hungry" 3182: 2364: 1644:Janet Poppendieck (1999). "Introduction, Chpt 1". 1273:international law, to realize the right to food." 484:The number of food banks has increased rapidly in 930:In 2013, the UK Government blocked a £22,000,000 311:is considered the largest pet food aid agency in 240:, which became the namesake of the organization. 90:banks can be inefficient compared with state-run 4622:"Soaring prices take toll on Japan's food banks" 3005: 3003: 1486: 1484: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1441: 285:Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act 4493: 4491: 3525:Foodbank charity gives record level of supplies 2608:Report reveals scale of food bank use in the UK 1886:Pet food charity earns recognition for its work 947: 911: 777: 649: 600: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1770: 3706: 3704: 2854:"One Food Bank Opening In UK Every Four Days" 1999: 1997: 1745:Andrew Walter (2012). William A Dando (ed.). 1578:"Students swell summer demand for food banks" 8: 2366:"Spanish recovery lays bare a social crisis" 1211:example, Patrick Butler, society editor for 1183:, where it would have spoiled and generated 4954: 4952: 4950: 4881:Food wastage footprint & Climate Change 2883: 2881: 2879: 950:most destitute and deprived in our society. 444:The first European food bank was opened in 3659:"Biggest ever increase in UK foodbank use" 2888:Hannah Lambie-Mumford (11 November 2011). 2515:"Biggest ever increase in UK foodbank use" 506:Fund for European Aid to the Most Deprived 84:inflation and economic crisis of the 2020s 5115:Schutter, Olivier De (27 February 2013). 4593:"Reduce Food Waste | Foodlink Foundation" 3946:"The 'hidden hunger' in British families" 3806: 3184:"More hard-up Britons turn to food banks" 2933: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2572:"Research Briefing: Food Banks in the UK" 2399:"121,000 people get help from Food Banks" 2309: 1251:Professor of Food & Social Policy at 563:Learn how and when to remove this message 411:(food stamp program). In September 2012, 409:Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program 3855:"What it is like to rely on food banks?" 2852:Frazer Maude, Sky News (21 April 2012). 1879: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1631: 1629: 1309:Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act 4794:"Home - The Global FoodBanking Network" 4164:"Food Bank Britain - A Clearer Picture" 3344: 3342: 2966: 2964: 2823:"Food Bank Britain - A Clearer Picture" 2247:"Food banks spotlight hunger awareness" 1692: 1690: 1397: 1376: 4144:from the original on 16 September 2016 4132:Richardson, Hannah (8 December 2014). 3047: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3037: 2216:"Anti-hunger efforts underway in area" 2196:from the original on 21 September 2013 1883:Oliviero, Helena. (25 February 2013). 385:UCLA Center for Health Policy Research 150:Volunteers weigh food drive donations. 5096:from the original on 22 February 2013 5069:from the original on 14 December 2019 5059:"What's Wrong With DIY Food Pantries" 5002:from the original on 12 February 2016 4628:from the original on 15 December 2022 4476:from the original on 28 December 2017 4414:from the original on 24 February 2018 4176:from the original on 25 February 2015 4082:from the original on 8 September 2012 3944:Cacciottolo, Mario (7 October 2010). 3925:from the original on 16 February 2017 3895:from the original on 27 November 2016 3494:Stapley, Samantha (1 December 2017). 3442:from the original on 23 November 2017 3258:from the original on 12 February 2016 3228:from the original on 12 February 2016 3128:from the original on 1 September 2012 2671:from the original on 22 February 2021 2509: 2507: 2018:from the original on 22 February 2013 1927:from the original on 23 November 2019 490:Munich University of Applied Sciences 7: 4573:from the original on 15 January 2017 4543:from the original on 4 November 2016 4384:from the original on 26 January 2017 4292:from the original on 26 October 2016 3956:from the original on 12 January 2018 3865:from the original on 10 January 2016 3747:Wintour, Patrick (8 December 2014). 3506:from the original on 4 December 2017 3416:from the original on 4 December 2017 3162:from the original on 2 November 2012 3084:"Food banks quadruple in Nottingham" 2976:"The rise and rise of the food bank" 2582:from the original on August 21, 2022 2463:from the original on 29 October 2013 2437:from the original on 30 October 2013 2379:from the original on 2 November 2014 1846:Patricia Sullivan (8 October 2005). 1726:from the original on 24 October 2013 1614:from the original on 12 January 2013 1082:The first food bank in Hong Kong is 76:global increase in the price of food 5168:"FoodCloud: Feeding a kinder world" 5038:from the original on 2 January 2014 4971:from the original on 25 August 2013 4685:from the original on 3 October 2012 4673:Jumana Al Tamimi (1 October 2012). 4226:Watt, Nicholas (17 December 2013). 4007:"Christmas dinner on a food parcel" 3639:from the original on 19 August 2013 3350:"More people turning to food banks" 3094:from the original on 28 August 2012 2344:from the original on 30 August 2013 2095:from the original on 23 August 2012 2004:Charlie Cooper (17 February 2013). 1747:Food and Famine in the 21st Century 1604:"Food banks struggle during summer" 5088:Jessica Elgot (19 February 2013). 4990:Phyllis Korrki (8 November 2012). 4804:from the original on 24 March 2017 4464:Allen, Peter (28 September 2016). 4354:from the original on 3 August 2018 4322:from the original on 11 March 2017 4238:from the original on 12 March 2017 4207:from the original on 11 April 2016 4195:Patrick Butler (8 December 2014). 4113:from the original on 17 April 2014 4048:from the original on 19 March 2014 4017:from the original on 22 April 2017 3987:from the original on 10 March 2017 3759:from the original on 12 March 2017 3461:Barrie, Joshua (2 November 2017). 3197:from the original on 25 April 2013 2864:from the original on 23 April 2012 2821:Dr Éoin Clarke (24 January 2014). 2334:"Spanish Federation of Food Banks" 2184:Marisol Bello (9 September 2012). 1495:, see esp. Models of Food Banks". 850:, sickness, delays over receiving 834:According to a May 2013 report by 763:Food bank use has increased since 647:and food insecurity expert, said: 545:Knowledge (XXG)'s inclusion policy 25: 4992:"Food Banks Expand Beyond Hunger" 4959:Patrick Butler (21 August 2012). 4647:Channel News Asia (16 Feb 2020). 4036:Patrick Butler (21 August 2012). 3475:from the original on 4 April 2018 3277:Greg Morgan (27 September 2012). 3181:Esther Bintliff (24 April 2013). 3052:Amelia Gentleman (18 July 2012). 3022:from the original on 9 March 2016 2988:from the original on 18 June 2012 2945:. 5 February 2012. Archived from 2793:from the original on 27 July 2017 2257:from the original on 27 June 2019 2115:Emergency Food Assistance Program 1827:from the original on 28 July 2012 1722:. AmpleHarvest.org. 17 May 2010. 1497:Food banks and the welfare crisis 5219:Journal of Economic Perspectives 4893:from the original on 2023-05-10. 4824:"The Global Foodbanking Network" 4675:"Food banks follow Cairo recipe" 4498:Elaine How (30 September 2012). 4101:Brian Milligan (16 April 2014). 3975:Patrick Butler (21 April 2015). 3216:Caspar van Vark (20 June 2012). 3064:from the original on 7 July 2015 3054:"Food banks: a life on handouts" 2282:Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 1858:from the original on 14 May 2011 1283: 802: 520: 461:Spanish federation of food banks 448:in 1984. The first food bank in 207:The world's first food bank was 5196:from the original on 2023-02-27 5057:Capps, Kriston (25 July 2017). 4936:from the original on 2023-05-02 4911:from the original on 2023-05-02 4860:from the original on 2 May 2023 4531:Lee, Danny (2 September 2013). 4446:from the original on 2017-12-28 3690:from the original on 2022-06-15 3665:from the original on 2015-12-26 3360:from the original on 1 May 2012 2762:from the original on 2022-08-24 2732:from the original on 2016-03-04 2701:from the original on 2022-08-24 2661:"Nothing Left in the Cupboards" 2642:from the original on 2022-05-19 2552:from the original on 2020-10-29 2527:from the original on 2020-11-01 2407:. 18 March 2013. Archived from 2363:Tobias Buck (30 October 2014). 2153:Debra Duncan (23 August 2012). 2083:Tim Skillern (23 August 2012). 892:and other benefits and general 767:was implemented as part of the 596:Queen Mary University of London 366:After the 2007 financial crisis 293:The Global Food Banking Network 3853:Sedgwick, Mark (30 May 2013). 2482:Graham Riches (2018). "3, 5". 2056:Alex Ferreras (11 July 2012). 1545:Ian Gillespie (17 July 2012). 963:2017 general election campaign 756:and others. Emma Revie of the 1: 3010:Helen Carter (25 June 2012). 2939:"On the breadline: Foodbanks" 2750:Young, Toby (22 April 2015). 1793:. 6 July 2012. Archived from 1524:. Chealsea Green Publishing. 1239:, which seeks to cut federal 1086:, which was founded in 2009. 639:Rachel Loopstra, lecturer on 502:Most deprived persons program 80:financial crisis of 2007–2008 5226:Journal of Political Economy 4597:www.food link foundation.org 1907:Esch, Mary (18 April 2018). 1823:. World Socialist Web Site. 1819:Debra Watson (11 May 2002). 1602:Tracy Agnew (11 July 2012). 1576:Lexi Bainas (11 July 2012). 794:Hunger in the United Kingdom 360:State University of New York 1720:"AmpleHarvest.org homepage" 1243:food assistance in the US. 1148:Global Food Banking Network 372:financial crisis of 2007–08 5316: 2294:10.1016/j.seps.2021.101187 2037:Gleaners Indiana Food bank 791: 380:Gleaners Indiana Food bank 339:Food pantries for students 4711:. Thp.org. Archived from 3778:Loopstra, Rachel (2015). 3152:"Britain's hidden hunger" 1913:Christian Science Monitor 1137:least developed countries 811:This section needs to be 4537:South China Morning Post 3380:"London Street Foodbank" 2576:House of Commons Library 1547:"How to produce results" 840:Church Action on Poverty 389:Second Harvest Food Bank 317:Daffy's Pet Soup Kitchen 305:Daffy's Pet Soup Kitchen 45:Fort Bragg Food Bank in 5255:considered for deletion 4735:"FoodBank South Africa" 2943:University of Sheffield 2159:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 1491:Graham Riches (1986). " 1335:Good Shepherd Food Bank 1021:and poverty campaigner 990:Then-UK Prime Minister 769:Welfare Reform Act 2012 738:London Street Food bank 708:Citizens Advice Bureaux 496:European Union programs 423:Food banks and COVID-19 58:charitable organization 5186:"Lanka Railway Digest" 4709:, overview for Malawi" 3661:. The Trussell Trust. 3320:. 2012. Archived from 2046:Retrieved 18 July 2012 1207: 1191:Reactions and concerns 952: 916: 782: 654: 612: 594:Professor Jon May, of 588: 580: 355: 333:St. Augustine, Florida 309:Lawrenceville, Georgia 271: 222:federal food surpluses 204: 183: 151: 110: 108:Capital Area Food Bank 49: 47:Fort Bragg, California 38: 2695:Life on the Breadline 1248:University of Toronto 1246:Rachel Loopstra from 1233:Little Free Libraries 1198: 1107:Founded in 2012, The 884:Delays in payment of 645:King's College London 586: 578: 346: 270:that distributes food 262: 194: 181: 149: 106:The warehouse of the 105: 44: 33: 5295:Private aid programs 5024:(18 December 2013). 4563:"Food Angel - About" 4410:. 14 December 2014. 4070:(4 September 2012). 4013:. 18 December 2013. 3921:. 19 November 2014. 3714:(17 December 2012). 3625:John Harris (critic) 3412:. 29 November 2017. 3384:Londonfoodbank.co.uk 3289:on 28 September 2012 2691:"Austerity timeline" 2245:WELCH, KAREN SMITH. 1753:. pp. 171–181. 1702:St. Mary's Food Bank 1257:Sheffield University 1012:state welfare system 867:Sanctioning benefits 858:, family breakdown, 472:Carrefour Foundation 353:Cleveland, Tennessee 209:St. Mary's Food Bank 182:Food pantry car line 72:St. Mary's Food Bank 5092:. Huffington Post. 4856:. 6 February 2020. 4769:www.foodbanking.org 3438:. 5 November 2017. 3283:The Daily Telegraph 3190:The Financial Times 3150:(30 October 2012). 2898:Coventry University 2756:www.spectator.co.uk 2546:"End of Year Stats" 2372:The Financial Times 2251:Amarillo Globe-News 2220:BeloitDailyNews.com 1708:on 4 February 2010. 1608:Suffolk news herald 1263:Olivier De Schutter 1200:Olivier De Schutter 1109:Food Bank Singapore 903:zero-hour contracts 706:, health visitors, 417:Hunger Action Month 362:locations by 2019. 238:St. Mary's Basilica 203:serving visitors.) 5138:. Abingdon, Oxon. 4996:The New York Times 4834:on 29 October 2013 4745:on 19 October 2013 4707:The hunger project 4512:on 13 January 2013 4470:www.standard.co.uk 4262:2018-08-02 at the 3728:on 17 January 2013 3605:on 23 October 2013 3576:2018-11-24 at the 3553:2018-04-24 at the 3530:2018-08-20 at the 3116:(30 August 2012). 3090:. 22 August 2012. 2949:on 12 January 2013 2912:on 12 January 2013 2903:The Trussell Trust 2665:Human Rights Watch 2613:2017-05-29 at the 2411:on 11 January 2014 2226:on 21 January 2013 2190:Detroit Free Press 2165:on 14 January 2013 2134:on 12 January 2013 2042:2022-03-25 at the 1982:on 29 October 2013 1976:Foodbankscanada.ca 1893:2013-03-01 at the 1800:on 12 January 2013 1791:Warwick University 1557:on 12 January 2013 1459:on 15 October 2011 1345:List of food banks 1253:Warwick University 1208: 1133:Sub-Saharan Africa 890:disability benefit 788:UK food bank users 677:2008 credit crunch 662:The Trussell Trust 604:East End of London 589: 581: 356: 272: 205: 201:United States Navy 184: 152: 111: 98:Operational models 50: 39: 5145:978-1-351-72987-1 4653:Channel News Asia 4350:. 3 August 2018. 4318:. 22 April 2015. 3919:Independent.co.uk 3799:10.1136/BMJ.h1775 3356:. 28 April 2012. 2827:The Green Benches 2484:Food Bank Nations 1760:978-1-59884-730-7 1551:London Free Press 1414:. 29 August 2022. 1355:Northwest Harvest 1299:Ag Against Hunger 1217:, has said that: 1084:Feeding Hong Kong 925:welfare sanctions 899:part-time workers 856:domestic violence 832: 831: 573: 572: 565: 434:shelf-stable food 376:Food Banks Canada 299:Food aid for pets 56:is a non-profit, 16:(Redirected from 5307: 5258: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5201: 5190:www.facebook.com 5182: 5176: 5175: 5164: 5158: 5157: 5134:Riches, Graham. 5131: 5125: 5124: 5112: 5106: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5085: 5079: 5078: 5076: 5074: 5054: 5048: 5047: 5045: 5043: 5018: 5012: 5011: 5009: 5007: 4987: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4976: 4956: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4926: 4920: 4919: 4917: 4916: 4901: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4885: 4876: 4870: 4869: 4867: 4865: 4850: 4844: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4830:. 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Archived from 4495: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4451: 4445: 4438: 4430: 4424: 4423: 4421: 4419: 4400: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4380:. 11 July 2013. 4370: 4364: 4363: 4361: 4359: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4327: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4277: 4271: 4254: 4248: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4192: 4186: 4185: 4183: 4181: 4175: 4168: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4129: 4123: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4098: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3972: 3966: 3965: 3963: 3961: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3902: 3900: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3850: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3833: 3827:. Archived from 3810: 3784: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3744: 3738: 3737: 3735: 3733: 3724:. Archived from 3708: 3699: 3698: 3696: 3695: 3680: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3655: 3649: 3648: 3646: 3644: 3621: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3610: 3601:. Archived from 3591: 3585: 3568: 3562: 3545: 3539: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3513: 3511: 3491: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3458: 3452: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3406: 3400: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3386:. Archived from 3376: 3370: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3346: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3327:on 14 March 2013 3326: 3313: 3305: 3299: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3285:. Archived from 3274: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3254:. 25 June 2012. 3244: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3186: 3178: 3172: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3144: 3138: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3080: 3074: 3073: 3071: 3069: 3049: 3032: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3007: 2998: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2968: 2959: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2935: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2911: 2905:. Archived from 2894: 2885: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2849: 2843: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2833:on 29 April 2015 2829:. Archived from 2818: 2812: 2809: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2789:. 27 July 2017. 2777: 2771: 2770: 2768: 2767: 2747: 2741: 2740: 2738: 2737: 2731: 2724: 2716: 2710: 2709: 2707: 2706: 2687: 2681: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2657: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2628: 2622: 2605: 2592: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2557: 2542: 2536: 2535: 2533: 2532: 2526: 2519: 2511: 2502: 2501: 2479: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2453: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2433:. Ec.europa.eu. 2427: 2421: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2395: 2389: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2368: 2360: 2354: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2330: 2324: 2323: 2313: 2273: 2267: 2266: 2264: 2262: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2233: 2231: 2222:. Archived from 2212: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2181: 2175: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2161:. Archived from 2150: 2144: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2130:. Archived from 2124: 2118: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2080: 2074: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2060:. Archived from 2053: 2047: 2034: 2028: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2001: 1992: 1991: 1989: 1987: 1978:. Archived from 1968: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1951: 1943: 1937: 1936: 1934: 1932: 1904: 1898: 1881: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1843: 1837: 1836: 1834: 1832: 1816: 1810: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1799: 1788: 1780: 1765: 1764: 1742: 1736: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1716: 1710: 1709: 1704:. Archived from 1694: 1685: 1684: 1666: 1660: 1659: 1641: 1624: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1599: 1593: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1573: 1567: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1553:. Archived from 1542: 1536: 1535: 1517: 1511: 1510: 1488: 1479: 1475: 1469: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1455:. Archived from 1449: 1436: 1435: 1422: 1416: 1415: 1402: 1385: 1381: 1293: 1288: 1287: 1000:Caroline Spelman 996:House of Commons 985:Universal Credit 871:spurious reasons 827: 824: 818: 806: 805: 798: 765:Universal Credit 568: 561: 557: 554: 548: 524: 523: 516: 469: 329:Atlanta, Georgia 266:a food bank and 249:AmpleHarvest.org 233:Great Depression 213:Phoenix, Arizona 21: 5315: 5314: 5310: 5309: 5308: 5306: 5305: 5304: 5300:Sharing economy 5270: 5269: 5243: 5235: 5221:31(4): 145–162. 5214: 5212:Further reading 5209: 5208: 5199: 5197: 5184: 5183: 5179: 5166: 5165: 5161: 5146: 5133: 5132: 5128: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5099: 5097: 5087: 5086: 5082: 5072: 5070: 5056: 5055: 5051: 5041: 5039: 5020: 5019: 5015: 5005: 5003: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4974: 4972: 4958: 4957: 4948: 4939: 4937: 4928: 4927: 4923: 4914: 4912: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4890: 4883: 4878: 4877: 4873: 4863: 4861: 4852: 4851: 4847: 4837: 4835: 4828:Foodbanking.org 4822: 4821: 4817: 4807: 4805: 4798:FoodBanking.org 4792: 4791: 4787: 4778: 4776: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4748: 4746: 4739:Foodbank.org.za 4733: 4732: 4728: 4718: 4716: 4715:on 24 July 2014 4703: 4702: 4698: 4688: 4686: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4657: 4655: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4631: 4629: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4606: 4604: 4591: 4590: 4586: 4576: 4574: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4546: 4544: 4530: 4529: 4525: 4515: 4513: 4497: 4496: 4489: 4479: 4477: 4463: 4462: 4458: 4449: 4447: 4443: 4436: 4432: 4431: 4427: 4417: 4415: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4372: 4371: 4367: 4357: 4355: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4325: 4323: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4295: 4293: 4279: 4278: 4274: 4264:Wayback Machine 4255: 4251: 4241: 4239: 4225: 4224: 4220: 4210: 4208: 4194: 4193: 4189: 4179: 4177: 4173: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4157: 4147: 4145: 4131: 4130: 4126: 4116: 4114: 4100: 4099: 4095: 4085: 4083: 4066: 4065: 4061: 4051: 4049: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4005: 4004: 4000: 3990: 3988: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3959: 3957: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3928: 3926: 3913: 3912: 3908: 3898: 3896: 3891:. 14 May 2015. 3883: 3882: 3878: 3868: 3866: 3852: 3851: 3847: 3837: 3835: 3834:on 26 June 2015 3831: 3782: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3762: 3760: 3746: 3745: 3741: 3731: 3729: 3710: 3709: 3702: 3693: 3691: 3682: 3681: 3677: 3668: 3666: 3657: 3656: 3652: 3642: 3640: 3627:(30 May 2013). 3623: 3622: 3618: 3608: 3606: 3593: 3592: 3588: 3578:Wayback Machine 3569: 3565: 3555:Wayback Machine 3546: 3542: 3532:Wayback Machine 3523: 3519: 3509: 3507: 3493: 3492: 3488: 3478: 3476: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3445: 3443: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3419: 3417: 3408: 3407: 3403: 3393: 3391: 3378: 3377: 3373: 3363: 3361: 3348: 3347: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3324: 3311: 3307: 3306: 3302: 3292: 3290: 3276: 3275: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3246: 3245: 3241: 3231: 3229: 3215: 3214: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3165: 3163: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3131: 3129: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3095: 3082: 3081: 3077: 3067: 3065: 3051: 3050: 3035: 3025: 3023: 3009: 3008: 3001: 2991: 2989: 2974:(12 May 2012). 2970: 2969: 2962: 2952: 2950: 2937: 2936: 2925: 2915: 2913: 2909: 2892: 2887: 2886: 2877: 2867: 2865: 2851: 2850: 2846: 2836: 2834: 2820: 2819: 2815: 2810: 2806: 2796: 2794: 2779: 2778: 2774: 2765: 2763: 2749: 2748: 2744: 2735: 2733: 2729: 2722: 2718: 2717: 2713: 2704: 2702: 2689: 2688: 2684: 2674: 2672: 2667:. 20 May 2019. 2659: 2658: 2654: 2645: 2643: 2630: 2629: 2625: 2615:Wayback Machine 2606: 2595: 2585: 2583: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2555: 2553: 2544: 2543: 2539: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2517: 2513: 2512: 2505: 2498: 2481: 2480: 2476: 2466: 2464: 2455: 2454: 2450: 2440: 2438: 2429: 2428: 2424: 2414: 2412: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2382: 2380: 2362: 2361: 2357: 2347: 2345: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2275: 2274: 2270: 2260: 2258: 2244: 2243: 2239: 2229: 2227: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2199: 2197: 2183: 2182: 2178: 2168: 2166: 2152: 2151: 2147: 2137: 2135: 2126: 2125: 2121: 2112: 2108: 2098: 2096: 2082: 2081: 2077: 2067: 2065: 2064:on 17 July 2012 2055: 2054: 2050: 2044:Wayback Machine 2035: 2031: 2021: 2019: 2011:The Independent 2003: 2002: 1995: 1985: 1983: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1955: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1944: 1940: 1930: 1928: 1906: 1905: 1901: 1895:Wayback Machine 1882: 1871: 1861: 1859: 1852:Washington Post 1845: 1844: 1840: 1830: 1828: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1786: 1782: 1781: 1768: 1761: 1744: 1743: 1739: 1729: 1727: 1718: 1717: 1713: 1696: 1695: 1688: 1681: 1673:. Jossey-Bass. 1668: 1667: 1663: 1656: 1643: 1642: 1627: 1617: 1615: 1601: 1600: 1596: 1586: 1584: 1575: 1574: 1570: 1560: 1558: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1532: 1519: 1518: 1514: 1507: 1490: 1489: 1482: 1476: 1472: 1462: 1460: 1451: 1450: 1439: 1434:. 29 July 2022. 1424: 1423: 1419: 1404: 1403: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1388: 1382: 1378: 1373: 1289: 1282: 1279: 1193: 1169: 1156: 1118: 1105: 1096: 1080: 1052: 1043: 1035: 955:Haroon Siddiqui 921: 901:and those with 886:housing benefit 828: 822: 819: 816: 807: 803: 796: 790: 569: 558: 552: 549: 535:Please help by 534: 525: 521: 514: 498: 463: 442: 425: 413:Feeding America 368: 347:A food bank at 341: 321:Meals On Wheels 301: 245:Feeding America 217:John van Hengel 189: 176: 100: 36:Feeding America 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5313: 5311: 5303: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5272: 5271: 5268: 5267: 5241: 5234: 5233:External links 5231: 5230: 5229: 5222: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5206: 5177: 5159: 5144: 5126: 5107: 5080: 5049: 5013: 4982: 4946: 4921: 4896: 4871: 4845: 4815: 4785: 4756: 4726: 4696: 4665: 4639: 4613: 4584: 4554: 4523: 4487: 4456: 4439:. p. 15. 4425: 4395: 4365: 4333: 4303: 4272: 4249: 4218: 4187: 4155: 4124: 4093: 4059: 4028: 3998: 3967: 3936: 3906: 3876: 3845: 3770: 3739: 3700: 3675: 3650: 3616: 3586: 3563: 3540: 3517: 3486: 3453: 3427: 3401: 3390:on 18 May 2013 3371: 3338: 3300: 3269: 3239: 3208: 3173: 3139: 3105: 3075: 3033: 2999: 2960: 2923: 2875: 2844: 2813: 2804: 2772: 2742: 2711: 2682: 2652: 2638:. 2022-05-19. 2623: 2593: 2562: 2537: 2503: 2497:978-1138739758 2496: 2474: 2448: 2422: 2390: 2355: 2325: 2268: 2237: 2207: 2176: 2145: 2119: 2106: 2075: 2048: 2029: 1993: 1963: 1938: 1899: 1869: 1838: 1811: 1766: 1759: 1737: 1711: 1686: 1680:978-0470580349 1679: 1661: 1654: 1625: 1594: 1568: 1537: 1530: 1512: 1505: 1480: 1470: 1437: 1417: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1386: 1375: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1320:Food Not Bombs 1317: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1295: 1294: 1278: 1275: 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5063:Bloomberg.com 5060: 5053: 5050: 5037: 5033: 5032: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5014: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4986: 4983: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4955: 4953: 4951: 4947: 4935: 4931: 4925: 4922: 4910: 4906: 4900: 4897: 4889: 4882: 4875: 4872: 4859: 4855: 4849: 4846: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4819: 4816: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4789: 4786: 4775:on 2022-04-09 4774: 4770: 4766: 4760: 4757: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4730: 4727: 4714: 4710: 4708: 4700: 4697: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4669: 4666: 4654: 4650: 4643: 4640: 4627: 4623: 4617: 4614: 4603:on 2022-05-17 4602: 4598: 4594: 4588: 4585: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4558: 4555: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4527: 4524: 4511: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4494: 4492: 4488: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4460: 4457: 4442: 4435: 4429: 4426: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4399: 4396: 4383: 4379: 4375: 4369: 4366: 4353: 4349: 4348: 4343: 4337: 4334: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4307: 4304: 4291: 4287: 4286:Parliament.uk 4283: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4258: 4253: 4250: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4222: 4219: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4191: 4188: 4172: 4165: 4159: 4156: 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