303:, the new Republic of China government banned foot binding. Women were told to unwrap their feet lest they be killed. Societies were founded to support the abolition of foot-binding, with contractual agreements made between families who would promise an infant son in marriage to an infant daughter who did not have bound feet. When the Communists took power in 1949, they were able to enforce a strict prohibition on foot-binding, including in isolated areas deep in the countryside where the Nationalist prohibition had been ignored. The prohibition on foot-binding remains in effect today.
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was a custom practiced on young girls and women for approximately one thousand years in China, beginning in the 10th century. In
Chinese society, bound feet were considered beautiful and erotic. The practice also limited women's mobility and was sometimes seen as a mark of status (the woman did not
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These activities may have been restricted by the districts during this period. The movement was also limited to the more knowledgeable citizens. After the failure of the
Hundred Days' Reform, the anti-foot binding movement ended and foot binding continued to be widely practiced.
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also wrote anti-footbinding articles. In 1904, foot binding was outlawed in many provinces, and some governmental officers asked their wives or daughters to release their bound feet.
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of 1898 stimulated many social reform activities. The widest-ranging movement was the "anti-footbinding movement," which generated the founding of the "Foot
Emancipation Society".
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came to China and began to oppose foot binding, because they thought it was discriminatory against females. In 1875, 60-70 Christian women in
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276:) was established and largely impacted this movement. This movement gained the support of a number of provincial governors. Sichuan Governor
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have to work) or a mark of male ownership (the woman's mobility was limited and she was intensely dependent on the males in her household).
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began the Hunan Foot
Emancipation Society. The membership of anti-footbinding societies was claimed to have reached 300,000.
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announced a ban on foot-binding to appease foreigners, but it was rescinded a short time later. In 1905, the
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to release their feet as examples. This movement began to impact the culture in
Guangdong. In late 1896,
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30, the
Shanghai Foot Emancipation Society was established. It impacted related organizations in
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343:"Marie Vento: One Thousand Years of Chinese Footbinding: Its Origins, Popularity and Demise"
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A comparison between a woman with normal feet (left) and a woman with bound feet in 1902
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of Foshan City, more than one hundred people attended the anti-footbinding movement.
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attended a meeting presided by a missionary John MacGowan formed the
Natural Foot (
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102:" with Britain, which forced the Qing government to open the five ports. More
202:(梁启超) wrote an article called "Report of Anti-footbinding" (《戒缠足会叙》). On June
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After 1897, the anti-footbinding movement developed rapidly. In the
345:. Term Paper/Core 9: Chinese Culture/ March 7, 1998. Archived from
228:) announced the establishment of the Foot Emancipation Society in
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American
Doctors in Canton: Modernization in China, 1835–1935
130:. The writings of Richard would influence Chinese reformers
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Cinderella's
Sisters: A Revisionist History of Footbinding
322:"Regulation of Marriage and the Anti-Footbinding Society"
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Vincent
Goossaert; David A. Palmer (15 April 2011).
161:established the "Foot Emancipation Society" in the
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374:. University of California Press. pp. 14–16.
280:printed 50,000 books in support of the movement;
262:), anti-footbinding activities resumed. In 1902,
138:who then challenged the practice of footbinding.
187:(吴性刚) founded the "Anti-Footbinding Society" in
126:, who thought that Christianity could promote
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67:of 1898, and this organization advanced the
16:Chinese organization opposed to foot binding
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55:), was a civil organization which opposed
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417:. University of Chicago Press. pp.
490:. Transaction Publishers. p. 257.
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413:The Religious Question in Modern China
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558:Organizations established in 1898
548:Feminist organizations in China
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63:China. It was affected by the
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1:
568:Women's rights organizations
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128:equality between the sexes
98:, China signed the 1842 "
21:Foot Emancipation Society
301:fall of the Qing dynasty
43:Anti-footbinding Society
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116:Heavenly Foot Society
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484:Guangqiu Xu (2011).
268:Natural Feet Society
264:Empress Dowager Cixi
148:Hundred Days' Reform
65:Hundred Days' Reform
368:Dorothy Ko (2008).
299:In 1912, after the
471:2011-04-26 at the
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466:110年前长沙妇女扯掉裹脚布求解放
428:978-0-226-30416-8
232:. The next year,
100:Treaty of Nanking
69:feminist movement
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514:. Archived from
512:"浅论戊戌时期不缠足运动的局限"
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553:Qing dynasty
543:Foot binding
520:. Retrieved
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347:the original
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278:Cen Chunxuan
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248:Second phase
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200:Liang Qichao
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177:Kang Tongwei
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136:Liang Qichao
120:missionaries
114:, literally
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88:Foot binding
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61:Qing dynasty
57:foot binding
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252:During the
218:. In 1897,
185:Wu Xinggang
181:Kang Tongbi
155:Kang Youwei
132:Kang Youwei
94:After the
537:Categories
522:2011-02-27
307:References
259:清末新政, 庚子新政
234:Tan Sitong
220:Chen Baoyi
191:province.
122:including
104:Christians
75:Background
71:in China.
292:Governor
284:Governor
159:Qu Eliang
153:In 1887,
469:Archived
294:Duanfang
230:Changsha
142:Founding
59:in late
434:31 July
353:June 1,
327:June 1,
290:Huguang
212:Tianjin
25:Chinese
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452:反缠足与放足
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214:, and
208:Fuzhou
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112:tianzu
108:Xiamen
41:), or
35::
33:pinyin
27::
282:Zhili
216:Macau
189:Hunan
492:ISBN
436:2012
423:ISBN
398:不缠足会
376:ISBN
355:2011
329:2011
236:and
179:and
157:and
146:The
134:and
48:戒缠足会
29:不缠足会
19:The
421:–.
273:天足会
225:陈保彝
172:康广仁
539::
458:^
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419:70
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