1386:, a state in eastern India, introduced a child-friendly programme called Srujan (creativity) in the primary schools. About 18 million children took part in four activities like story telling activities, traditional games, traditional art and craft and music and dance and riddles over a period of three years (2007–2010). The result is that while there are hundreds of varieties of folktales, the varieties of traditional games are limited. About three hundred traditional games both indoor and outdoor were commonly played and it was found that the traditional games contain mathematical knowledge (like counting, measurement, shapes and size, geometrical ideas and finally socialization through action). The traditional games are the best ways of teaching and learning. When these are applied in the primary schools, many teachers revealed that children know many games that the teachers have forgotten.
1488:, Nandini Sahu.M.N. Venkatesha and many more. An emerging trend of new folklorists has emerged who are committed to understanding folklore from an Indian point of view than to see the whole subjects from the western model. Some of them are better to prefer to understand folklore from the folklore provider and consultants who are the creator and consumers of folklore. The user of folklore knows what folklore is since their use folklore with purpose and meaning. But theoreticians see folklore from their theoretical angle. Ethics point of view, folklorist should learn from the folk as practicable as possible and folk should give the hidden meaning of folklore to the folklorist so that both of their interpretation can help to give a new meaning to the item of folklore and explore the possibility of use of folklore in the new socio-cultural domain.
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1078:(or "odian") where a group of individuals claimed the ability to terrify people to the point of death using a technique called otiviki. Odiyan is a legendary figure in Kerala folklore, described as half-man, half-beast creatures that would lurk in alleyways during the night. These Odiyans would apply specific herbs to certain parts of their bodies, chant spells, and transform themselves into various animals like bulls, buffaloes, or foxes, depending on their desire. Typically, this practice was associated with the Panan and Paraya communities, although individuals from other communities who possessed the necessary skills could also carry it out.
929:, Krishna Dev Upadyhayaya, Prafulla Dutta Goswami, Kunja Bihari Dash, Ashutosh Bhatacharya and many more senior folklorists have contributed for the study of folklore. But it is during the 1970s that some folklorists studied in US universities and trained up themselves with the modern theories and methods of folklore research and set a new trend of folklore study in India. Especially, South Indian universities advocated for folklore as a discipline in the universities and hundreds of scholars trained up on folklore. A.K. Ramanujan was the noted folklorist to analyse folklore from Indian context.
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Ramayanas" (1991), for example, he discusses the "intertextual" nature of Indian literature, written and oral...He says, "What is merely suggested in one poem may become central in a 'repetition' or an 'imitation' of it. His essay "Where
Mirrors Are Windows: Toward an Anthology of Reflections" (1989), and his commentaries in The Interior Landscape: Love Poems from a Classical Tamil Anthology (1967) and Folktales from India, Oral Tales from Twenty Indian Languages (1991) are good examples of his work in Indian folklore studies.
1043:, oral epics are available among the ethnic singers, performed in ritual context and social context. Dr Mahendra Mishra, a folklorist, has conducted research on oral epics in Kalahandi, taking seven ethnic groups. Dr. Chitrasen Pasayat has made an extensive study of different folk and tribal forms of Yatra, like Dhanu yatra, Kandhen-budhi yatra, Chuda-khai yatra, Sulia yatra, Patkhanda yatra, Budha-dangar yatra, Khandabasa yatra, Chhatar yatra, Sital-sasthi yatra and examined the 'hero characters' of the local deities.
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literature for evangelical purpose. The third phase was the post-independent period in the country where many universities, institutes and individuals started studying the folklore. the purpose was to search the national identity through legends, myths, and epics. In the course of time, Academic institutions and universities in the country started opening departments on folklore in their respective regions, more in south India to maintain their cultural identity and also maintain language and culture.
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Oral epics with heroic actions of heroes and heroines produce a "counter text", as opposed to the written texts. Therefore, the younger brother becomes hero and kill his elder brother in an oral epic, which is forbidden in classical epics. Folk heroes are some times deified and are worshipped in the
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Folklorists of India can be broadly divided into three phases. Phase I was the
British Administrators who collected the local knowledge and folklore to understand the subjects they want to rule. next were the missionaries who wanted to acquire the language of the people to recreate their religious
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has been translated into
Chinese, and Finnish language. He has written Saora folk literature, Paharia Folkliterature, Visioning Folklore, Oral Poetry of Kalahandi. His recent seminal work is three oral Ramakatha in tribal oral tradition. Dr Mishra has written five books on folklore theory and
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Indian folk heroes like Rama, Krishna in
Sanskrit epics and history and also in freedom movement are well known to every one. They have found a place in written literature. But in Indian cultural sub-system, Indian folk heroes are most popular. The castes and tribes of India have maintained their
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Recently scholars such as
Chitrasen Pasayat, M. D. Muthukumaraswamy, Vivek Rai, Jawaharlal Handoo, Birendranath Dutta, P. C. Pattanaik, B. Reddy, Sadhana Naithani, P. Subachary, Molly Kaushal, Shyam Sundar Mahapatra, Bhabagrahi Mishra and many new folklorists have contributed in their respective
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Now the
National Folklore Support Center, Chennai since the last ten years has created a space for the new scholars who are pursuing the study of folklore with their commitment. One important breakthrough in the field of folklore is that it is no more confined to the study in the four walls of
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Indoor board game like "Kasadi" ( a wooden board with 14 pits played with tamarind seed by two or more than two girls in the domestic domain) was most popular and it is still not vanished from the society. Dr
Mahendra Kumar Mishra, a folklorist and an educator has collected these games and has
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theoretical and aesthetic contributions span several disciplinary areas. Context-sensitivity is a theme that appears not only in
Ramanujan's cultural essays, but also appears in his writing about Indian folklore and classic poetry. In "Where Mirrors are Windows," (1989) and in "Three Hundred
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field for shaping folklore study as a strong discipline in representing the people's memory and people's voice. Recently the
National Folklore Support Center in Chennai has taken the initiative to promote folklore in public domain and bridging the gap of academic domain and community domain.
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country, with more than three-fourths of the population identifying themselves as Hindus, there is no single, unified, and all-pervading concept of identity present in it. Various heterogeneous traditions, numerous regional cultures and different religions to grow and flourish here.
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Indian oral epics are found abundantly everywhere there are caste based culture. Prof. Lauri Honko from Turku, Finland with Prof. Vivek Rai and Dr K Chinnapa Gawda have conducted extensive field work and research on Siri Epic and have come out with three volumes on
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that explain the customs or rituals. However, folklore goes beyond religious or supernatural beliefs and practices, and encompasses the entire body of social tradition whose chief vehicle of transmission is oral or outside institutional channels.
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diversities of culture through their language and religion and customs. So in addition to national heroes, regional heroes and local folk and tribal heroes are alive in the collective memory of the people. Let's take examples of the
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The scientific study of Indian folklore was slow to begin: early collectors felt far freer to creatively reinterpret source material and collected their material with a view to the picturesque rather than the representative.
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incorporate real gold into their paintings. Local fairs, festivals, deities and heroes (warriors) play a vital role in this art form. In history the arts were made by upper caste but now they are famous worldwide.
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India has a long history of board games. You hear about these from the times of the Mahabharata and the Mughal empire. Some of the popular board games that originated from Indian Traditional games include Chess
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and led the Indian folklorists to the new folklore study. The Central Institute of Indian Languages has played a major role in promoting folklore studies in India to explore another reality of Indian culture.
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research methodology adopting the folklore of western Odisha and Chhattisgarh. The analytical work of Dr Mishra has been widely studied in the western and eastern world as a part of South Asian folklore.
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Dr.Raghavanvpayyanad is a major role in Indian folklore study he has written so many books about folklore, he is also an international face of Indian folkloristics both in English and Malayalam.
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But not only heroes, the heroines of Indian folklore have also significant contribution in shaping the culture of India. Banjara epics are heroine-centric. These epics reflect the "sati" cult.
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The folk and tribal arts of India speak volumes about the country's rich heritage. Art forms in India have been exquisite and explicit. Folk art forms include various schools of art like the
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The pioneer of the folklorists in contemporary India is Jawaharlal Handoo, Sadhana Naithani, Kishore Bhattacharjee, Kailash Patnaik, VA Vivek Rai, late
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started their systemic study on Folklore any after that many western, as well as eastern scholars, pursued their studies on folklore as a discipline.
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538:. India is an ethnically and religiously diverse country. Given this diversity, it is difficult to generalize the vast folklore of India as a unit.
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Dr Mahendra Kumar Mishra from Kalahandi, Odisha has substantially contributed to the tribal folklore of Middle Indian and Odisha. His seminal book
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folklore. Of course, the trend was more literary than analytical. It was during the 1980s that the central Institute of Indian Languages and the
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India has a rich and varied tradition of folk music and numerous types of folk songs. Some traditional folk song genres have been recognized as
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School etc. Each school has its distinct style of colour combinations or figures and its features. Other popular folk art forms include
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Folklore, religion and the songs of a Bengali madman : a journey between performance and the politics of cultural representation
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contain a lot of stories that are written after the manner of traditional folktales. Indian themes also appear in his
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academic domain, rather, it has again found its space within and among the folk to get their true meaning.
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Indian folklorists during the last thirty years have substantially contributed to the study of folklore.
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and another is Peter J. Claus of American folklore. These two folklorists conducted their field work on
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Map illustrating regional cultural frontiers and areas, and their stability and historical permanency.
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documented in video form.Besides other games in the domestic domain is the goat and the tiger and
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that depicts the characters of the story, and functions as a portable temple, accompanied by a
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epic are some of the commendable work that have been drawn attention of the wider readership.
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village. There is a thin difference of a mythic hero and romantic hero in Indian folklore. In
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in Hinduism may explain the rationale behind local religious practices, and contain local
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1901:. Vijayanagar, Velachery, Chennai, India: National Folklore Support Center. p. 132.
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and the various vernacular languages of India. One such oral epic, telling the story of
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Study of folklore was strengthened by two stremas (sicsic); one is Finnish folklorist
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1519:. Among these traditions, a well-known musical and religious repertoire is known as
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began to be used in the creation of more in-depth surveys of Indian folklore.
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VIDYARTHI, L. P. (1978). "Folklore Research in India". In Alan Dundes (ed.).
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derive their elements from myriads of myths, folktales and seasonal changes.
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was interested in folklore, dealing with English folklore in works such as
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1704:"Thirayattam" (Folklore Text -malayalam), Bhasha Institute, Keralam -
2010:
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1767:. E.P. Dutton & Company, Incorporated – via Google Books.
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Noteworthy collections of Indian traditional stories include the
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Awakening: An Introduction to the History of Eastern Thought
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Know India. Culture and Heritage. Visual Arts and Literature
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In the rural areas of Kerala, there was a practice known as
162:
1055:. Similarly Prof. Peter J Claus has done intensive work on
1683:. National Informatics Centre, Government of India. 2005.
1969:. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 201–262.
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fiddle. The title character was a historical figure, a
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1958:
Types of Indic Oral Tales: India, Pakistan, And Ceylon
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Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D)
1454:, which represented itself to be an Indian folktale.
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641:Some famous folk and tribal arts of India include:
3097:Governors, Lieutenant Governors and Administrators
2011:National Folklore Support Centre, Official website
1932:. Chennai: National Folklore Support Center, 2007.
622:, broken down into five main geographical regions.
1956:Thompson, Stith; Roberts, Warren Everett (1960).
897:, a collection of traditional narratives made by
1448:penned the now notorious Indian-themed tale of
1880:. New Delhi, India: Smriti Books. p. 79.
1752:. Popular Book Depot – via Google Books.
1640:"Kalamezhuthu: When art is integral to ritual"
922:, in Sanskrit, compiled in the ninth century.
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949:Indian folk heroes, villains, and tricksters
755:prince, who has been deified in Rajasthan.
731:, has been collected by Dr. John Smith from
1801:. Emory University, Department of English.
1334:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1120:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
987:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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1855:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1032:folk hero is Lakha Banjara or Raja Isalu.
510:
496:
138:
3259:Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI)
3139:Fundamental rights, principles and duties
1721:Bresnan, Patrick S. (December 27, 2021).
1354:Learn how and when to remove this message
1140:Learn how and when to remove this message
1007:Learn how and when to remove this message
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
3201:Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
1799:Postcolonial Studies at Emory University
43:This article includes a list of general
2203:Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley
1763:Dare, Marcus Paul (September 5, 1940).
1631:
715:India possesses a large body of heroic
150:
3489:Securities and Exchange Board of India
2596:National Geological Monuments of India
1960:. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia.
1848:
3289:Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW)
3254:Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)
1987:Types of Indic Oral Tales: Supplement
723:preserved in oral tradition, both in
7:
1475:American Institute of Indian Studies
1332:adding citations to reliable sources
1118:adding citations to reliable sources
985:adding citations to reliable sources
3284:National Investigation Agency (NIA)
3206:Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
2895:Autonomous administrative divisions
1748:Rao, M. S. A. (September 5, 1957).
3274:Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC)
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
27:Local tales and legends from India
25:
3469:Ministry of Commerce and Industry
3211:Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)
2496:Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF)
700:List of Folktales of Chhattisgarh
109:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s
4996:
4987:
4986:
1989:. Academia Scientiarum Fennica.
1795:"Attipat Krishnaswami Ramanujan"
1778:Thurston, Edgar (January 2021).
1304:
1090:
957:
760:Various performing arts such as
627:
611:
477:
96:
34:
2512:History of India (1947–present)
1805:from the original on 2004-12-22
1687:from the original on 2011-12-13
1658:from the original on 2022-09-22
1461:, disciplines and methods from
901:in the second century BC. The
743:, who deliver it in front of a
4954:British Indian Ocean Territory
3279:Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB)
3231:Special Protection Group (SPG)
3221:Railway Protection Force (RPF)
1063:epic, Pulikonda Subbachary on
1:
4374:Engineering colleges in India
4003:Electronics and semiconductor
3216:National Security Guard (NSG)
2960:World Heritage Sites in India
1895:Datta, Bīrendranātha (2002).
1082:Cultural archetypes and icons
671:Rajasthani miniature painting
3264:Enforcement Directorate (ED)
3085:State legislative assemblies
2925:States and union territories
2634:Biogeographic classification
1874:Bansal, Sunita Pant (2005).
1823:Lorea, Carola Erika (2016).
1793:Wagoner, Candy (Fall 1998).
1513:Intangible Cultural Heritage
1432:. His works such as the two
4431:Water supply and sanitation
3196:Border Security Force (BSF)
2941:National monuments of India
1898:Folklore and historiography
1571:Proto-Indo-Iranian religion
735:; it is a long poem in the
5044:
3484:Central Statistical Office
3090:State legislative councils
3065:Union Council of Ministers
1750:"Social Change in Malabar"
1296:Traditional games of India
1293:
1290:Traditional games of India
685:
4982:
4364:Medical colleges in India
4315:
4295:
3514:Foreign exchange reserves
3509:Foreign direct investment
3479:Economic Advisory Council
3422:
3409:
3226:Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)
3124:
3004:
2991:
2606:Sacred mountains of India
2556:
2543:
2178:Indus Valley Civilisation
2071:
2058:
1975:10.1515/9783110807721.201
1737:– via Google Books.
1507:Folk songs and folk music
1059:epics. Aditya Mallick on
599:. Tanjore paintings from
4703:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3650:Multi Commodity Exchange
3269:Intelligence Bureau (IB)
1949:Indiana University Press
1928:Mishra, Mahendra Kumar.
1877:Hindu Gods and Goddesses
122:may contain suggestions.
107:may need to be rewritten
4964:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3494:Enforcement Directorate
2955:Indian-origin religions
2946:National parks of India
2755:Highest point by states
2517:Economic liberalisation
1945:The Oral Tales of India
1930:Oral Epics of Kalahandi
1493:Oral Epics of Kalahandi
64:more precise citations.
4464:Arts and entertainment
4099:Science and technology
4035:Information technology
3715:Government initiatives
2611:Sacred rivers of India
2601:Sacred groves of India
2155:Science and technology
1606:Khamba Thoibi Sheireng
1229:Hindu undivided family
1164:
712:
711:- (Karumakan Vallattu)
167:
4421:Socio-economic issues
4369:Law colleges in India
4359:Universities in India
3607:Reserve Bank of India
2410:Independence movement
2208:Indo-Parthian Kingdom
1677:"Folk and Tribal Art"
1586:List of Hindu deities
1531:are often mentioned.
1155:
707:
166:
4878:United Arab Emirates
3695:Economic development
3539:Voluntary guidelines
3534:Industrial licensing
2664:Environmental issues
2446:Non-Aligned Movement
2223:Seleucid–Mauryan war
1484:, Raghavan Payanad,
1328:improve this section
1114:improve this section
981:improve this section
666:Pattachitra painting
541:Although India is a
421:World Heritage Sites
4905:limited recognition
3457:Ministry of Finance
2461:Indo-Pakistani wars
2405:Partition of Bengal
1922:On Indian folktales
1425:Rewards and Fairies
1419:Puck of Pook's Hill
1244:Masala (film genre)
911:is a collection of
737:Rajasthani language
661:Warli folk painting
577:Madhubani paintings
536:Indian subcontinent
449:Ministry of Tourism
444:Ministry of Culture
218:Arts and literature
4426:Standard of living
4116:Telecommunications
3633:Financial services
3554:Atmanirbhar Bharat
3474:Finance Commission
2639:Biosphere reserves
2395:Bengal Renaissance
2383:Commander-in-Chief
2348:East India Company
2016:2001-02-28 at the
1581:Indian epic poetry
1451:Little Black Sambo
1398:Indian folklorists
1377:Snakes and Ladders
1165:
927:Devendra Satyarthi
713:
682:Folktales of India
651:Madhubani painting
168:
18:Folklore of Bengal
5010:
5009:
4947:other territories
4605:
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4597:
4596:
4291:
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4287:
4286:
3836:Jammu and Kashmir
3462:Finance ministers
3405:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3393:Women in politics
3368:Political parties
3301:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3107:Chief Secretaries
3080:State governments
3075:Cabinet Secretary
3028:Foreign relations
2987:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2527:COVID-19 pandemic
2400:Political reforms
1710:978-81-200-4294-0
1610:Khamba and Thoibi
1407:A. K. Ramanujan's
1379:(Moksha-Patamu).
1364:
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1150:
1149:
1142:
1067:, Dr JD Smith on
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1016:
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569:Rajasthani School
559:Folk art of India
530:of the nation of
524:folklore of India
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111:quality standards
90:
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16:(Redirected from
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4638:Folklore of Asia
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4560:Physical culture
4381:Ethnic relations
4317:
4297:
4279:Mumbai Consensus
3831:Himachal Pradesh
3720:Numbering system
3710:Green revolution
3585:Historical Forex
3424:
3411:
3383:Scheduled groups
3186:
3122:
3006:
2993:
2975:Tourism in India
2970:History of India
2965:Culture of India
2575:Geology of India
2558:
2545:
2476:Naxal Insurgency
2471:White Revolution
2466:Green Revolution
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774:Sambalpuri dance
688:Meitei folktales
656:Nirmal paintings
646:Tanjore painting
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620:culture of India
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589:Himachal Pradesh
526:encompasses the
512:
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484:India portal
482:
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464:Incredible India
334:Physical culture
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2486:Space programme
2456:Sino-Indian War
2451:Five-Year Plans
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2282:Delhi Sultanate
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2232:Middle Kingdoms
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1937:Thompson, Stith
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3023:Energy policy
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2491:The Emergency
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2213:Kushan Empire
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2188:Mahajanapadas
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2019:
2015:
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1996:9789514105968
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1727:. Routledge.
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1313:This section
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1269:Snake charmer
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4327:Caste system
4304:Society and
3954:Construction
3736:By net worth
3570:Indian rupee
3373:Reservations
3241:Intelligence
3144:Human rights
3129:Constitution
2887:Subdivisions
2580:Indian Plate
2570:Fossil Parks
2505:Contemporary
2420:World War II
2297:Early Modern
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2183:Vedic period
2053:India topics
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3974:Electricity
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2654:Earthquakes
2626:Environment
2441:Integration
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2254:Middle Ages
2218:Alchon Huns
2130:Mathematics
2120:Linguistics
1983:Jason, Heda
1615:Numit Kappa
1596:Mahabharata
1576:Hindu texts
1529:Bhaba Pagla
1525:Lalon Fakir
1249:Mega Serial
1065:Jambupurana
934:Lauri Honko
904:Hitopadesha
874:Thirayattam
794:West Bengal
749:ravanhattho
721:epic poetry
709:Thirayattam
601:South India
597:Maharashtra
573:Nakashi art
346:Video games
339:Traditional
70:August 2014
62:introducing
5017:Categories
4883:Uzbekistan
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4055:Television
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3758:Labour law
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3450:Governance
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3388:Secularism
3343:Censorship
3134:Penal Code
3033:Parliament
3010:Government
2815:Waterfalls
2659:Ecoregions
2522:Pokhran-II
2320:Bengal War
2135:Metallurgy
1827:. Leiden.
1809:2011-11-27
1691:2011-11-27
1662:2022-01-30
1626:References
1515:listed by
1382:Recently,
1369:Chaturanga
1344:March 2023
1130:March 2023
1061:Devnarayan
997:March 2023
866:Yakshagana
850:Karagattam
798:Bihu dance
686:See also:
416:Miss India
322:Television
312:Newspapers
259:Literature
128:March 2023
45:references
4969:Hong Kong
4923:Palestine
4848:Sri Lanka
4843:Singapore
4723:Indonesia
4570:Sculpture
4523:Festivals
4489:Webcomics
4441:Sexuality
4391:Languages
4354:Education
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4131:Transport
4028:Hospitals
3964:Education
3932:Livestock
3896:Telangana
3886:Rajasthan
3846:Karnataka
3841:Jharkhand
3645:Insurance
3624:Inflation
3529:Subsidies
3428:Companies
3358:Democracy
3353:Elections
3325:Air Force
3050:President
3038:Lok Sabha
2915:Districts
2870:Southeast
2865:Southwest
2855:Northeast
2848:Northwest
2810:Volcanoes
2770:Mountains
2713:Landforms
2550:Geography
2425:Partition
2390:Zamindari
2173:Stone Age
2110:Economics
2095:Astronomy
2076:Overviews
1851:cite book
1843:950430793
1652:0971-751X
1644:The Hindu
1371:), Ludo (
1315:does not
1274:Taj Mahal
1174:Amul girl
1101:does not
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968:does not
918:, animal
870:Karnataka
854:TamilNadu
840:dance of
810:Rajasthan
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426:Monuments
356:Mythology
279:Sculpture
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249:Education
196:Languages
120:talk page
4992:Category
4913:Abkhazia
4863:Thailand
4818:Pakistan
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4121:Textiles
4060:Printing
4050:FM Radio
4018:Gambling
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3670:National
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3563:Currency
3524:Taxation
3441:NIFTY 50
3378:Scandals
3335:Politics
3307:Military
3018:Agencies
2998:Politics
2934:See also
2750:Glaciers
2699:Wildlife
2589:Heritage
2434:Republic
2368:Railways
2338:Colonial
2310:Marathas
2277:Kakatiya
2165:Ancient
2140:Military
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2100:Clothing
2083:Timeline
2014:Archived
1985:(1989).
1943:(1958).
1803:Archived
1685:Archived
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1591:Ramayana
1535:See also
1214:Gurukula
1204:Gandhian
1161:Anarkali
1157:Jahangir
1022:Santhals
916:fabliaux
909:Narayana
886:Nagaland
882:Chang Lo
858:Kolattam
814:Haryanvi
790:Gambhira
745:tapestry
725:Sanskrit
534:and the
528:folklore
383:Folklore
376:Buddhist
274:Painting
206:Religion
201:Holidays
186:Folklore
144:a series
142:Part of
4888:Vietnam
4803:Myanmar
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4658:Armenia
4575:tallest
4496:Cuisine
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3821:Gujarat
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3682:History
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3640:Banking
3595:Coinage
3580:History
3416:Economy
3189:Federal
2900:Borders
2833:Central
2825:Regions
2805:Valleys
2779:Plains
2760:Islands
2720:Beaches
2684:Geology
2674:Forests
2644:Climate
2562:Geology
2373:Economy
2353:Plassey
2305:Mughals
2267:Hoysala
2193:Mauryas
2105:Coinage
2065:History
1601:Puranas
1541:Tamasha
1392:ganjifa
1373:Pachisi
1336:removed
1321:sources
1122:removed
1107:sources
1030:Banjara
1024:or the
989:removed
974:sources
830:Dhangar
818:Bhangra
770:Gujarat
717:ballads
459:Museums
454:Tourism
395:Symbols
351:Fashion
302:Cuisine
284:Theatre
191:History
181:Indians
175:Society
152:Culture
58:improve
4933:Taiwan
4868:Turkey
4833:Russia
4768:Kuwait
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4738:Israel
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4683:Brunei
4678:Bhutan
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4479:Cinema
4386:Health
4094:Retail
4067:Mining
4045:Cinema
3969:Energy
3881:Punjab
3876:Odisha
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3851:Kerala
3789:States
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3729:People
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2800:Rivers
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2725:Canals
2150:Postal
1993:
1905:
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1841:
1831:
1731:
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1620:Helloi
1517:UNESCO
1457:After
1384:Odisha
1375:) and
1284:Yakshi
1239:Mahout
1209:Ganges
1199:Dharma
1189:Bhakti
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920:fables
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826:Punjab
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741:Bhopas
729:Pabuji
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692:Birbal
411:Anthem
371:Meitei
329:Sports
296:Others
264:Poetry
239:Comics
234:Cinema
146:on the
118:. The
47:, but
4974:Macau
4893:Yemen
4853:Syria
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4808:Nepal
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4693:China
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2088:Years
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1026:Gonds
846:Kummi
822:Gidda
802:Assam
786:Alkap
782:Chhau
762:Garba
595:from
587:from
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579:from
552:myths
532:India
366:Vedic
361:Hindu
317:Radio
307:Media
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244:Dance
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4778:Laos
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3994:Wind
3768:EPFO
3617:Mint
3575:Sign
3320:Navy
3315:Army
3149:LGBT
2877:West
2838:East
2378:Army
2272:Pala
2115:LGBT
1991:ISBN
1903:ISBN
1882:ISBN
1857:link
1839:OCLC
1829:ISBN
1729:ISBN
1706:ISBN
1648:ISSN
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1422:and
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4945:and
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3773:NPS
3117:Law
2953:in
2740:ECZ
1971:doi
1330:by
1116:by
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