Formal Public Identifier - Knowledge (XXG)

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assigned by one owner do not collide with FPIs assigned by other owners (except in the case of unregistered owners with colliding names), while informal public identifiers have no uniqueness guarantee, meaning that those assigned by one owner may collide with formal or informal public identifiers assigned by another. A feature enabling the interpretation of public identifiers using the formal structure, thus requiring public identifiers to be FPIs, can be enabled within the SGML declaration using the

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and 4.01—except that when the HTML 4.01 (but not HTML 4.0) Transitional and Frameset FPIs are accompanied by a system identifier, they instead trigger almost‑standards mode (renamed to "limited‑quirks mode"). The XHTML 1.0 Transitional and Frameset FPIs trigger limited‑quirks mode unconditionally. Mostly, these are specified as prefixes including the owner, class and description (but matching any language part).

1514:) would trigger quirks mode, including the use of an Internet Explorer 5.5 (border-box) box model. In addition to the FPI, browsers would consider the presence or absence of a system identifier when deciding between quirks mode and standards mode. The absence of a DOCTYPE declaration altogether (or, for Internet Explorer 6, the DOCTYPE declaration not being the first line in the file) would trigger quirks mode. 1179:)—but only that it exists outside of the context of the particular system environment or document which it is referenced in. An FPI is a "formal" public identifier in the sense that it follows the formal structure laid down by the SGML standard (ISO 8879); public identifiers which do not follow the formal structure, and thus are not FPIs, are sometimes referred to as "informal" public identifiers. 441:" which suggests that the document type definition is written in English (though documents conforming to the DTD do not need to be in English). The class is separated from the description using a space character; the description is separated from the language using a double slash. The text identifier may optionally contain a version indicator after the language, also separated by a double slash. 1393:). It similarly allow the mappings of FPIs to paths to be expressed although, since it is intended for use only with XML, it does not support specifying an alternative SGML declaration, although extensions exist to express the remainder of the information expressible in an SGML catalog. The above DTD FPI mapping is represented as follows: 1436:(DTD). The particular DTD version in use was specified in a document type declaration using an FPI, sometimes (especially in the later versions, and required in XML as mentioned above) in combination with a URL for the DTD file as a system identifier. In contrast to the SGML declaration for XML, the SGML declaration for HTML enabled the 257:) and others. Since it is not registered, it is not guaranteed to be unique (another owner may choose the same owner identifier), which weakens the uniqueness guarantee of the FPI as a whole, although it is still guaranteed to be distinct both from all other FPIs with the same owner, and also from all FPIs with registered owners. 650:, the description immediately follows the space after the text class name. For an ISO publication, the description is taken from the final element of the title of the publication, not counting any part number; otherwise, it can be any suitably unique string of permitted characters. The description is terminated by another 1334:

Thus, it is less common for XML formats to use a DTD (such as which might use FPIs for notations or external entities), and thus less common for one to contain a DOCTYPE referencing a DTD (either by FPI or only by URI—although a DOCTYPE may still be used for entity definitions embedded within the XML

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HTML standard specifies a list of which FPIs should trigger quirks mode. These include the FPIs for various vendor-customised HTML DTDs. They also include the FPIs for the DTDs of the various HTML 2.0 "levels", as well as those for HTML 3.0, 3.2 and the Transitional and Frameset versions of HTML 4.0

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Since they were principally intended for use by SGML validators, document type declarations were initially ignored by browsers. However, older web pages were designed to display correctly in the browsers in use the time when they were created, which did not necessarily comply with the specifications

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Although XML mandates the use of system identifiers in more places than does SGML itself, catalogs may still be needed for remapping and overriding the given system identifier: a system identifier which is a local path may not be useful on other machines, while one which is a network URL will not be

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Although the constraints of formal (as opposed to informal) public identifiers are an optional feature, due to the specification for FPIs being introduced late in the development of ISO 8879, use of FPIs for public identifiers is strongly recommended, since the FPI structure ensures that the FPIs

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feature is disabled in XML, since the format of public identifiers is not specified by XML (i.e. they are not explicitly required to be FPIs, although they may be). The only details which the XML specification stipulates about the public identifier are that it may be given alongside the system

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External identifiers in XML are more constrained than they are in general SGML, with the changes shifting the focus away from public identifiers such as FPIs and towards standardising the form taken by system identifiers. The system identifier is to be treated as an (absolute or relative)

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A few key differences from SVG Tiny 1.1 should be noted: There is no DTD for SVG 1.2, and therefore no need to specify the DOCTYPE for an SVG 1.2 document (unless it is desired to use the internal DTD subset (, section 2.8, and , section 2.8), for purposes of entity definitions for

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in how they rendered web pages. Since this meant that improving their standards-compliance would cause browsers to display existing web pages incorrectly, browsers used the document type declaration to trigger between "modes" under which the page would be rendered.

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will generate one with reference to the public identifier. Although the SGML specification itself does not specify how the entity manager should do this, the intention was for it to use a table mapping public identifiers to system identifiers. Accordingly, an

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The XML representation (XHTML), by contrast, is permitted but not required to bear any DOCTYPE, but no validating DTD is provided for the HTML 5 schema. However, various FPIs for XHTML 1.0, XHTML 1.1 and MathML DTDs are defined as instead pointing to a

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and may optionally be followed by one or more owner-assigned portions which might identify, for example, departments within an organisation. If owner name components additional to the registered prefix are used, they are separated from the prefix by a

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The specification notes that while the language of the resource might affect the data and names defined and the language of any source-code comments, the language affects the usability of some text classes more than others. For example, the language

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would use traditional behaviour when determining the height of table cells containing images, but otherwise behave like standards mode; this corresponded to the behaviour of the "standards mode" of Internet Explorer at the time it was introduced.

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code. Stopping short of mandating the use of an ISO 639-1 code avoids requiring validating software to check whether the language is an ISO 639-1 code, and also allows for extensibility: for example, a small number of FPIs used in practice use

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keyword must, in the syntax for general external identifiers, be followed by literals for both the public and system identifiers. As an exception to this, however, notation declarations may use a public identifier without a system identifier.

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are unique and meaningful within a wider scope. The term "public" here does not necessarily mean that the resource is available to the general public—it may only be available within a single organisation, for example (in which case, it is an

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versions 6 and 7 would render the page using the Internet Explorer 5.5 box model. "Standards mode" would conform more closely to the relevant specifications. What was at the time called "almost standards mode" and initially implemented by

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in the DOCTYPE in place of a DTD FPI, since it did not activate Internet Explorer 6's quirks mode. This was ultimately done away with altogether, and the final HTML 5 DOCTYPE does not use an FPI. The preferred form is simply

1457:, while the URL is given as a system identifier. The FPI was, strictly speaking, optional: it was also possible (but uncommon) to define a custom HTML DTD and omit the FPI; in this case, the inclusion of a system identifier 678:); registered designation escapes are expected to match the ISO owner identifier given, while private-use designation escapes are namespaced by the FPI owner identifier. As an example of this type of FPI, the FPI 1323:

serve as a competitor to DTD in an XML context, overcoming some of the limitations of DTDs. XSD can (unlike DTDs) be validated using the same tools as any other XML document, includes support for

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keyword in an SGML entity definition without a following system identifier is permitted, if the entity manager is able to resolve the entity from its name alone. External identifiers are used in

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System identifiers, by contrast, have no structure defined by SGML itself—they might be filenames, database keys or even addresses for indexable storage—but are interpreted by the SGML system's

1150:(SGML) documents. The Formal Public Identifier's effect upon its host document is unusual in that it can depend not only upon its own syntactical correctness and the behaviour of the program 1296:

identifier, and may be used by an XML processor along with other information to determine an alternative URI (failing which, it is required to use the URI given in the system identifier).

739:) for cases where ISO 639-1 codes prove insufficient for distinguishing a resource from versions in other languages or language varieties. In accordance with recommendations made by 1303:

are required to be non-empty URIs (such as an absolute URL; use of relative URLs is deprecated), although they are not required to be resolvable URLs and may, for example, be

1225:, usually set by the SGML declaration to the double and single ASCII quotation marks, as they are in the reference concrete syntax for SGML, and also in XML. The use of the 575:(for an entire SGML declaration) was added to this list by a later extension added to the standard as an annex, which also specifies certain extensions required by XML. 1564: 1015: 804: 24:) is a short piece of text with a particular structure that may be used to uniquely identify a product, specification or document. FPIs were introduced as part of 2218: 2317: 1510:) would trigger standards mode in Internet Explorer 6, meaning that it would use a content-box box model, while a DOCTYPE using the HTML 4.01 Transitional FPI ( 1368:

format was created to contain mappings from public to system identifiers; the catalog file can also specify rules for overriding the given system identifier.

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given in the FPI in an HTML 4 or XHTML 1 DOCTYPE declaration should not be changed, regardless of the language of the web page itself; by contrast, the

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class are intended to be referenced using a text entity (without an entity-type keyword, i.e. inserted directly into the document), while those of the

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constraints to be placed on the format of text data such as telephone numbers, and is better able to express complex content-model structures.

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If a system identifier (such as a path or URL) is not given for a resource identified by a public identifier such as an FPI, an SGML system's

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format, which initially used a document type declaration identifying a DTD by an FPI, switched its primary schema definition from DTD to

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The text identifier itself consists of multiple constituent parts. Sequences of whitespace are treated as equivalent to a single space.

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1.1 DTD, and specify the SGML declaration (in this case, the declaration for the XML syntax) which an SGML processor should use for it:

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as mentioned above, such a prefix is occasionally seen used in references to ISO standards in FPIs, especially those which are also

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pair after the owner identifier, and must begin with one of the following block-capital words followed by a space, specifying the

201:. The hyphen is now, instead, used to separate the part number from the standard number (replacing earlier use of a single slash ( 2910:. Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). 1997-09-10. OASIS Technical Resolution 9401:1997. 2492:. Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). 1997-09-10. OASIS Technical Resolution 9401:1997. 1791:. Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). 1997-09-10. OASIS Technical Resolution 9401:1997. 622:(either for references to entities from external files, or for interpreting a textual format contained within an element), and 557:

keyword in the entity declaration, i.e. interpreted with their own individual schemas, namespaces, and so forth). Those of the

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format exists for use by XML software, supporting rules for replacing or rewriting URIs, as well as for mapping FPIs to URIs.

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FPIs, for which the designating sequence or language must be the final part, the language code may be followed by another

60: 2321: 1943: 580: 56: 2811: 1489:"Quirks mode" retained legacy behaviour from earlier browser versions to avoid breaking existing pages—for example, 1448:<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> 2969: 2667: 1570:

The sole function of an FPI in HTML 5's HTML (as opposed to XHTML) representation is triggering legacy modes. The

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followed by an optional literal for the system identifier. The literals are prefixed and suffixed with either the

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followed by a literal for the public identifier and an optional literal for the system identifier, or the keyword

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Increasingly, specifications use URIs rather than FPIs to handle the task of unique identification. For example,

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is not defined as a profile of SGML, except in its XHTML representation. As such, it is not defined using a DTD.

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For example, an entry in an SGML catalog may give the local path (relative to the catalog file) to a copy of the

1230: 1135: 642:—i.e. a document, file or specification which is not available for access or purchase by the general public. The 37: 1386:

PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" svg11.dtd DTDDECL "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" /usr/share/xml/declaration/xml.dcl

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which indicates the particular document or object the FPI identifies. In the example, the owner identifier is "

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ISO Registration Number 177//CHARSET ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 UCS-4 with implementation level 3//ESC 2/5 2/15 4/6

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ISO Registration Number 177//CHARSET ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 UCS-4 with implementation level 3//ESC 2/5 2/15 4/6

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The schema for the alternative XML catalog format is itself defined in a DTD, itself identified by an FPI (

2921: 2004: 1594:(URN) namespace has been defined to allow any FPI to be rewritten as a URI, replacing double slashes with 1327:(which DTDs can only interpret as fixed portions of the element and attribute names in question), allows 2639: 2078: 1865: 1591: 1304: 1121: 768: 2745: 3126: 2170: 2052: 1918: 1499: 1194:

component to identify the location of the entity. As such, ISO/IEC 8879 itself does not use the term

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format, as used for formulae in academic works—an example of an FPI using a language code other than

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Department of Defense application of MIL-PRF-28001 using Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)

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There are three types of owner identifier, distinguished by their first three characters, which are

1595: 1470:<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 990: 611: 250: 80: 2214: 2148: 3055: 2379: 2357: 2335: 1440:

feature, meaning that public identifiers used for and within HTML DTDs were required to be FPIs.

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internally use FPIs with different languages to identify string-table entity sets for particular

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In contrast to the requirement that the system identifier be a URI (classified for purposes of

205:) for that purpose); the year follows any part number if present, and is separated by a colon ( 2823: 2819: 2761: 2724: 2720: 2647: 2012: 1873: 1728: 1490: 724: 2844: 2689:

Bray, Tim; Hollander, Dave; Layman, Andrew; Tobin, Richard; Thompson, Henry S. (2009-12-08).

931:) coded character set, as referenced by numeric character references in HTML—an example of a 2042: 1908: 1712: 1546: 1372:

useful when a network connection is not available, for example. Accordingly, an alternative

1320: 732: 1827:. Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). 2006-10-03. 866:+//ISBN 0-7923-9432-1::Graphic Notation//NOTATION CompuServe Graphic Interchange Format//EN 2309: 1898: 1724: 1557: 968: 706:

which is a sequence of uppercase letters, strongly encouraged (but not mandated) to be an

2591: 2251: 1831:<!NOTATION CGM-BINARY PUBLIC "ISO 8632/3//NOTATION Binary encoding//EN"> 1237:(DTDs), in external entity specifications and notation declarations within DTDs, and in 1120:

in English)—an example of use of a FPI language code to differentiate between different

995:

Support for EU Strategic Framework on health and safety at work 2014-2020 (A8-0312/2015)

2757: 1324: 1300: 361:, a space, and an ISBN), acceptance of which was added in a later amendment to ISO 9070 182:

FPIs (see below). In either case, it is distinguished by beginning with the characters

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keyword. One example of such a custom system identifier without an associated FPI is:

433:", indicating that the FPI represents a document type definition; the description is " 3120: 2235:. Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). 2002. 2107: 1996: 1584: 744: 302: 64: 2485: 1432:

1.x) were defined as profiles of SGML, and specified with an SGML declaration and a

2594:. The Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). 2126: 907: 671: 1154:

it, but also upon the ISO-registration status of the organisation responsible for

561:

class are not intended to be referenced as an entity from an enclosing document.

28:(SGML), and serve particular purposes in formats historically derived from SGML ( 2287: 2055: 2036: 1930: 1921: 1902: 1373: 619: 365: 198: 1541:(with neither a public nor system identifier), although a system identifier of 1347:

in version 5.0, and ceased to use document type declarations at that time, and

389:, i.e. an identifier for a standards organisation which is a member of the ISO. 2559: 2534: 1316: 1155: 812: 720: 293:

A registered owner prefix conforming to ISO 9070 may be one of the following:

175: 2103: 1563:(so as to avoid requiring network access) containing the definitions for the 662:

The part of the FPI following the description depends on the text class. For

2643: 2269: 2008: 1869: 1770: 972: 879: 712: 707: 49: 1824: 2843:

Kosek, Jirka; Walsh, Norman; Hamilton, Dick; Smith, Michael (2009-06-16).

63:(UUIDs) are usually used to uniquely identify objects. FPIs have become a 2753: 1344: 1263:, but must not contain a URI fragment identifier (portion beginning with 911: 740: 553:

class are intended to be referenced using a subdocument entity (with the

401: 44:(DTDs) in SGML, XML and historically HTML, but they are also used in the 52:

file formats to identify the software product which generated the file.

2870: 2852: 2605: 2431: 2409: 2387: 2365: 2343: 2200: 2178: 2156: 2086: 1495: 1340: 1151: 1101: 1045: 924: 824: 764: 687: 1443:

A document type declaration (for HTML 4.01 Strict) containing an FPI:

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The year was formerly separated from the standard number by a hyphen (

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Definition: FPI (Formal Public Identifier) [Web and XML Glossary]

2047: 1913: 1810: 1720: 1571: 1522: 1280: 1199: 1023: 1019: 949: 836: 832: 736: 683: 545:

refer to SGML documents or fragments of SGML documents. Those of the

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FPI used to identify a document in a non-SGML format (in this case,

3035:"[whatwg] [html5] tags, elements and generated DOM" 2987: 2746:"XML and Namespaces (§ Handling Namespaces in a DTD or XML Schema)" 2690: 2288:"Issue #26558: Cannot subscribe to birthday calendar from Facebook" 803:, which specifies a particular platform that the implementation of 1429: 1198:(FSI), which is instead defined in an amendment to ISO/IEC 10744 ( 1097: 1063: 1049: 760: 45: 1339:(excepting RSS 0.91) do not have an official DTD. Similarly, the 1271:

keyword must be followed by a system identifier literal, and the

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are unique and meaningful only within a particular system, while

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SP: An SGML System Conforming to International Standard ISO 8879

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The space after the text class name is followed by the sequence

327:(an identifier of an ISO standard without the year, followed by 29: 2890:"Registration of MIME media type Application/SGML-Open-Catalog" 2444: 1058:+//ISBN 3-893-196463::Goosens//NOTATION Der LaTeX Begleiter//DE 2792: 2694: 2613: 2567: 2538: 2511: 2255: 2134: 1482: 1336: 1260: 1143: 1002: 953: 871: 828: 226: 159: 33: 2314:

NCBI Book DTD and NCBI Collection DTD Tag Library version 2.3

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The FPI is undoubtedly the least well-understood part of the

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Respectively English, French and Greek string tables used by

1089:-//Norman Walsh//ENTITIES DocBook Stylesheet Localization//EL 1084:-//Norman Walsh//ENTITIES DocBook Stylesheet Localization//FR 1079:-//Norman Walsh//ENTITIES DocBook Stylesheet Localization//EN 895:+//ISO/IEC 10744//NOTATION Systeme International kilogram//EN 2480: 2478: 2476: 1052:

stylesheet—an example of a domain name used as an FPI owner

606:

The remaining three refer to concepts from outside of SGML:

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standard. Although these FPIs do not need to have a leading

2310:"Archiving and Interchange DTD Suite Notation Declarations" 1972:"Authoritarian right: research methodology and voting data" 1598:. The earlier example may be written as the following URI: 372:

and a space) are also permitted. For example, the owner of

186:, and does not require any prefix before those characters. 2812:"Chapter 4. RSS 0.91 and 0.92 (Really Simple Syndication)" 1785:"The use of hyphens or colons in the ISO owner identifier" 1040:+//IDN nwalsh.com//DTD DocBook DSSSL Architecture V1.0//EN 674:

designation escape sequence in column/line notation (e.g.

599:(DTD) consisting of specific types of markup declaration. 3006: 3004: 2941: 2939: 1267:). The system identifier is also generally required: the 2035:

Walsh, Norman; Cowan, John; Grosso, Paul (August 2001).

273:. It refers to a registered identifier as stipulated by 225:. Owners which use unregistered identifiers include the 2668:"xml/declaration/xml.dcl: SGML Declaration for XML 1.0" 2308:

Beck, Jeff; Lapeyre, Deborah; Rosenblum, Bruce (2007).

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For example, a DOCTYPE using the HTML 4.01 Strict FPI (

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For all other FPIs (i.e. those where the class is not

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refers to an SGML link process definition (defining a

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Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) Tiny 1.2 Specification

1453:

The FPI in the document type declaration above reads

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http://www.w3.org/2003/entities/2007/htmlmathml-f.ent

2970:"tr9401.dtd: XML Catalogs V1.0-Based Extension V1.0" 1391:-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN 1830: 1542: 1538: 1533: 1529: 1511: 1507: 1462: 1437: 1428:HTML versions 2 through 4 (including the XML-based 1390: 1292: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1226: 1214: 1210: 1184: 1117: 1111: 1105: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1067: 1057: 1039: 1031: 1027: 1010: 998: 984: 976: 963: 956: 940: 932: 918: 894: 886: 882: 875: 840: 820: 816: 808: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 756: 748: 728: 716: 699: 679: 675: 663: 651: 635: 623: 615: 607: 600: 592: 588: 584: 576: 572: 568: 564: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 450: 397: 369: 358: 347: 339: 328: 306: 287: 282: 270: 254: 246: 238: 230: 222: 206: 202: 194: 190: 183: 179: 171: 163: 139: 131: 123: 84: 277:. The portion which is actually registered is the 2713:Beginning Python: Using Python 2.6 and Python 3.1 2246: 2244: 2242: 1166:SGML uses two forms of identifier for resources: 1162:Public identifiers and system identifiers in SGML 985:-//EP//NONSGML PV 20151125 RES-RCV DOC PDF V0//EN 36:). Some of their most common uses are as part of 2001:Making Hypermedia Work: A User's Guide to HyTime 2750:XML Family of Specifications: A Practical Guide 99:which indicates the issuer of the FPI, and the 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2504:"2.3 Common Syntactic Constructs (§ Literals)" 2219:International Organization for Standardization 2104:"Proposed TC for WebSGML Adaptations for SGML" 1944:"Appendix A: Example Document Type Definition" 821:ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN//XML 400:followed, without an intervening space, by an 2318:National Center for Biotechnology Information 964:-//Facebook//NONSGML Facebook Events V1.0//EN 413:Text identifiers can be broken down into the 376:could issue FPIs using the owner identifier " 8: 2779: 2777: 2121: 2119: 2117: 1335:file itself). For example, most versions of 1109: 901: 885:)—an example of an ISBN FPI owner, and of a 449:The text identifier immediately follows the 394:ISO identified organization authority prefix 2525: 2523: 2521: 2454: 2452: 2428:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook, version 1.79 2406:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook, version 1.79 2197:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook, version 1.79 1974:. Corporate Europe Observatory. 2019-05-15. 1707: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1685: 1683: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1254:Introduction of URIs and sidelining of FPIs 1070:to refer to non-English reference material 1026:; corresponds to the system identifier URL 702:), the part following the description is a 3078:"14.1 Writing documents in the XML syntax" 2274:"The long tail of the iCalendar ecosystem" 2079:"A DTD for DSSSL Programming with DocBook" 2030: 2028: 1957:. 1995-06-30. p. 138. MIL-HDBK-28001. 1631: 1629: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1613: 1138:(DOCTYPE), an integral component of valid 1048:3.1 which can simultaneously constitute a 571:refer to portions of an SGML declaration. 3012:"13.2.6.4.1 The "initial" insertion mode" 2629: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2486:"Issue A: a simple entity catalog format" 2046: 1991: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1912: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1764: 1044:Document type definition of a variant of 1011:-//W3C//ENTITIES HTML MathML Set//EN//XML 841:-//W3C//ENTITIES HTML MathML Set//EN//XML 809:ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN 346:number although, as mentioned above, the 95:" can be broken down into two parts: the 2706: 2704: 2098: 2096: 2072: 2070: 2068: 1966: 1964: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 979:FPI used to identify a software package 850: 670:, giving a textual representation of an 178:. The latter type is only permitted for 2785:"1.3 Defining an SVG Tiny 1.2 document" 2303: 2301: 1901:; Connolly, Daniel W. (November 1995). 1855: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1839: 1807:A Debian Package for baseline SGML data 1609: 952:; corresponds to the system identifier 831:. Similarly, the common entity set for 2038:A URN Namespace for Public Identifiers 1512:-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN 941:-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN 889:FPI used as a file-format identifier. 2634:Olsson, Tommy; O'Brien, Paul (2008). 1803:"sgml-iso-entities-8879.1986/catalog" 807:should target. For example, the base 7: 2610:Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 2564:Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 2508:Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 1148:Standard Generalized Markup Language 957:http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd 26:Standard Generalized Markup Language 1955:United States Department of Defense 1601:urn:publicid:-:W3C:DTD+HTML+4.01:EN 1404:"-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" 1351:(SVG) did the same in version 1.2. 630:Availability marker and description 243:United States Department of Defense 2849:DocBook V5.0: The Transition Guide 1771:"Formal Public Identifiers (FPIs)" 815:named entities using tautological 751:if no ISO 639 code is applicable. 747:and David G. Durand suggest using 626:to an asset in a non-SGML format. 583:from one SGML format to another). 325:full registration authority prefix 170:registration number given as e.g. 14: 2233:"ISO Added Latin 1 Entities V0.3" 1528:Early drafts for HTML 5 used the 827:code point references for use in 318:ISO registration authority prefix 2127:"20: SGML Declaration of HTML 4" 686:'s SGML declaration to identify 668:public text designating sequence 1904:Hypertext Markup Language - 2.0 1825:"DocBook notations module V4.5" 1769:Tauber, James K. (1996-04-10). 1209:consists either of the keyword 975:file generator—an example of a 235:Internet Engineering Task Force 91:. For example, the identifier " 2968:GlobalTransCorp (2004-02-28). 2011:: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1287:or FSI, or more narrowly as a 878:) image format (equivalent to 727:with hyphens removed (such as 107:" and the text identifier is " 61:universally unique identifiers 1: 3033:Sivonen, Henri (2005-04-08). 2384:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook 2362:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook 2340:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook 2175:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook 2153:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook 2083:DSSSL stylesheets for DocBook 1355:Lookup and resolution of FPIs 1223:alternative literal delimiter 658:ISO 2022 designating sequence 350:can be omitted in this case). 301:, an identifier of an ISO or 299:ISO standard authority prefix 219:unregistered owner identifier 213:Unregistered owner identifier 136:unregistered owner identifier 3100:"14.2 Parsing XML documents" 2816:Content Syndication with RSS 2590:Walsh, Norman (2001-08-06). 2535:"Comparison of SGML and XML" 2322:National Library of Medicine 1534:-//WHATWG//NONSGML HTML5//EN 646:follows this marker; for an 57:Uniform Resource Identifiers 2922:"xml/svg/catalog: SVG DTDs" 2606:"4.7 Notation Declarations" 1999:; Durand, David G. (1994). 1862:The Ultimate HTML Reference 1461:an FPI is signified by the 801:public text display version 342:and a space followed by an 269:begins with the characters 267:registered owner identifier 261:Registered owner identifier 172:ISO Registration Number 111 162:publication number such as 144:registered owner identifier 3143: 2636:The Ultimate CSS Reference 1933:. 1315:Additionally, alternative 1231:document type declarations 364:More recently, registered 38:document type declarations 2988:"HTML 4.01 Specification" 2744:Sall, Kenneth B. (2002). 2560:"4.2.2 External Entities" 2252:"htmlmathml-f entity set" 2041:. Network Working Group. 1907:. Network Working Group. 1508:-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN 1455:-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN 1289:storage object identifier 1235:document type definitions 1136:document type declaration 1130:Use in XML, SGML and HTML 1110: 1104:(for example, the entity 779:Additionally, except for 603:refers to an entire DTD. 427:-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN 93:-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN 42:document type definitions 2810:Hammersley, Ben (2003). 2292:ownCloud web server core 1467: 1445: 1434:document type definition 1395: 1381:Scalable Vector Graphics 1349:Scalable Vector Graphics 1299:Identifying strings for 1285:formal system identifier 1243:link process definitions 1196:formal system identifier 946:Document type definition 597:document type definition 437:"; and the language is " 18:Formal Public Identifier 2845:"Relaxing with DocBook" 2691:"Namespaces in XML 1.0" 2541:. NOTE-sgml-xml-971215. 2131:HTML 4.01 Specification 1233:(DOCTYPEs) referencing 1177:unavailable public text 1158:referenced by the FPI. 811:entity set defines the 644:public text description 640:unavailable public text 595:refer to portions of a 340:ISO Registration Number 279:registered owner prefix 79:, followed by a double 2077:Walsh, Norman (1998). 2009:Dordrecht, Netherlands 2005:Norwell, Massachusetts 1929:Obsoleted by RFC 1239:link type declarations 950:HTML 4.01 Transitional 902: 823:implements them using 775:Entity display version 618:to a format such as a 387:ISO member body prefix 75:An FPI consists of an 2947:"xml/svg/catalog.xml" 2888:Grosso, Paul (1996). 2711:Payne, James (2010). 2640:Collingwood, Victoria 1866:Collingwood, Victoria 1592:Uniform Resource Name 1539:<!DOCTYPE html> 1410:"svg11.dtd" 903:Système International 648:available public text 638:if the FPI refers to 3056:"13.1.1 The DOCTYPE" 3042:Mailing List Archive 2723:. pp. 268–271. 2215:"ISOlat1 entity set" 1713:Goldfarb, Charles F. 1579:Relationship to URIs 1112:"Chapitre" 1016:Character entity set 799:pair, followed by a 704:public text language 281:, which follows the 197:), which use is now 156:ISO owner identifier 150:ISO owner identifier 128:ISO owner identifier 2908:"Entity Management" 1860:Lloyd, Ian (2008). 1585:XML namespace names 1543:about:legacy-compat 1311:Replacement of DTDs 1249:Developments in XML 1207:external identifier 1118:"Chapter" 991:European Parliament 853: 612:coded character set 331:case-insensitively) 251:European Parliament 2693:(Third ed.). 2612:(Fifth ed.). 2566:(Fifth ed.). 2510:(Fifth ed.). 1565:character entities 1481:for, for example, 1329:regular expression 1172:public identifiers 1168:system identifiers 1030:—an example of an 993:roll-call vote on 851: 725:IETF language tags 404:organisation code. 378:+//IDN example.net 2730:978-0-470-41463-7 2653:978-0-9802858-5-7 2490:Entity Management 1997:DeRose, Steven J. 1879:978-0-9802858-8-8 1789:Entity Management 1773:. CoverPages.org. 1717:The SGML Handbook 1491:Internet Explorer 1374:XML-based catalog 1219:literal delimiter 1127: 1126: 997:—an example of a 852:Examples of FPIs 455:public text class 425:. In the example 109:DTD HTML 4.01//EN 87:), followed by a 3134: 3112: 3111: 3096: 3090: 3089: 3074: 3068: 3067: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3008: 2999: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2984: 2978: 2977: 2965: 2959: 2958: 2943: 2934: 2933: 2918: 2912: 2911: 2904: 2898: 2897: 2885: 2879: 2878: 2863: 2857: 2856: 2840: 2834: 2833: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2781: 2772: 2771: 2741: 2735: 2734: 2708: 2699: 2698: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2664: 2658: 2657: 2631: 2618: 2617: 2602: 2596: 2595: 2587: 2572: 2571: 2556: 2543: 2542: 2527: 2516: 2515: 2500: 2494: 2493: 2482: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2456: 2447: 2442: 2436: 2435: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2305: 2296: 2295: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2266: 2260: 2259: 2248: 2237: 2236: 2229: 2223: 2222: 2211: 2205: 2204: 2193:"common/catalog" 2189: 2183: 2182: 2171:"dbl1srLatn.dsl" 2167: 2161: 2160: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2123: 2112: 2111: 2110:/SC18/WG8 N1929. 2100: 2091: 2090: 2074: 2063: 2059: 2050: 2048:10.17487/RFC3151 2032: 2023: 2022: 1993: 1976: 1975: 1968: 1959: 1958: 1948: 1940: 1934: 1925: 1916: 1914:10.17487/RFC1866 1899:Berners-Lee, Tim 1895: 1884: 1883: 1857: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1821: 1815: 1814: 1799: 1793: 1792: 1781: 1775: 1774: 1766: 1739: 1738: 1709: 1560: 1549: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1531: 1513: 1509: 1476:DOCTYPE sniffing 1471: 1464: 1456: 1449: 1439: 1424:HTML 2 through 4 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1392: 1321:XML Schema (XSD) 1319:formats such as 1294: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1228: 1216: 1212: 1186: 1119: 1115: 1114: 1113: 1107: 1100:stylesheets for 1090: 1085: 1080: 1069: 1059: 1041: 1033: 1029: 1012: 1000: 986: 978: 965: 958: 942: 934: 920: 905: 896: 888: 884: 877: 867: 854: 842: 822: 819:entities, while 818: 810: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 763:stylesheets for 758: 750: 730: 718: 701: 681: 677: 665: 653: 637: 625: 617: 609: 602: 594: 590: 586: 578: 574: 570: 566: 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 469: 464: 452: 440: 436: 432: 429:, the class is " 428: 399: 379: 375: 371: 360: 349: 341: 330: 320:, which may be: 308: 289: 284: 272: 256: 248: 240: 232: 224: 208: 204: 196: 192: 185: 181: 173: 165: 141: 133: 125: 118:Owner identifier 110: 106: 97:owner identifier 94: 86: 77:owner identifier 3142: 3141: 3137: 3136: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3131: 3117: 3116: 3115: 3098: 3097: 3093: 3076: 3075: 3071: 3054: 3053: 3049: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3010: 3009: 3002: 2992: 2990: 2986: 2985: 2981: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2945: 2944: 2937: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2906: 2905: 2901: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2871:"SP - Catalogs" 2865: 2864: 2860: 2842: 2841: 2837: 2830: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2783: 2782: 2775: 2768: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2731: 2710: 2709: 2702: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2666: 2665: 2661: 2654: 2633: 2632: 2621: 2604: 2603: 2599: 2589: 2588: 2575: 2558: 2557: 2546: 2529: 2528: 2519: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2484: 2483: 2474: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2457: 2450: 2443: 2439: 2422: 2421: 2417: 2400: 2399: 2395: 2378: 2377: 2373: 2356: 2355: 2351: 2334: 2333: 2329: 2307: 2306: 2299: 2286: 2285: 2281: 2268: 2267: 2263: 2250: 2249: 2240: 2231: 2230: 2226: 2213: 2212: 2208: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2169: 2168: 2164: 2147: 2146: 2142: 2125: 2124: 2115: 2102: 2101: 2094: 2076: 2075: 2066: 2034: 2033: 2026: 2019: 1995: 1994: 1979: 1970: 1969: 1962: 1946: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1897: 1896: 1887: 1880: 1859: 1858: 1837: 1823: 1822: 1818: 1801: 1800: 1796: 1783: 1782: 1778: 1768: 1767: 1742: 1735: 1725:Clarendon Press 1711: 1710: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1581: 1558: 1552:) is condoned. 1547: 1520: 1478: 1473: 1472: 1469: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1387: 1357: 1313: 1256: 1251: 1164: 1132: 1093: 989:Results of the 969:Facebook Events 865: 849: 777: 715:codes (such as 696: 660: 632: 532: 447: 438: 434: 430: 426: 411: 409:Text identifier 377: 373: 336:ISO 2375 prefix 263: 215: 152: 120: 108: 104: 101:text identifier 92: 89:text identifier 73: 55:More recently, 40:(DOCTYPEs) and 12: 11: 5: 3140: 3138: 3130: 3129: 3119: 3118: 3114: 3113: 3091: 3069: 3047: 3025: 3000: 2979: 2960: 2957:. 19 May 2013. 2935: 2932:. 19 May 2013. 2913: 2899: 2880: 2858: 2835: 2828: 2820:O'Reilly Media 2802: 2795:. 2008-12-22. 2773: 2766: 2758:Addison-Wesley 2736: 2729: 2700: 2681: 2678:. 19 May 2013. 2659: 2652: 2619: 2597: 2592:"XML Catalogs" 2573: 2544: 2533:(1997-12-15). 2517: 2495: 2472: 2448: 2437: 2415: 2393: 2371: 2349: 2327: 2297: 2279: 2272:(2011-09-30). 2261: 2238: 2224: 2206: 2184: 2162: 2140: 2113: 2106:. 1997-06-01. 2092: 2064: 2061:Informational. 2024: 2017: 1977: 1960: 1935: 1885: 1878: 1835: 1816: 1813:. 19 May 2013. 1794: 1776: 1740: 1733: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1580: 1577: 1519: 1516: 1477: 1474: 1468: 1460: 1446: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1396: 1385: 1361:entity manager 1356: 1353: 1325:XML namespaces 1312: 1309: 1301:XML namespaces 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1192:entity manager 1187:feature name. 1163: 1160: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1116:in French and 1108:is defined as 1094: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1075: 1072: 1071: 1060: 1054: 1053: 1042: 1036: 1035: 1013: 1007: 1006: 987: 981: 980: 966: 960: 959: 943: 937: 936: 921: 915: 914: 897: 891: 890: 868: 862: 861: 858: 848: 845: 776: 773: 695: 692: 666:FPIs, it is a 659: 656: 631: 628: 581:transformation 531: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 459: 446: 443: 410: 407: 406: 405: 390: 383: 382: 381: 362: 351: 332: 314: 262: 259: 214: 211: 151: 148: 119: 116: 72: 69: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3139: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3122: 3109: 3105: 3104:HTML Standard 3101: 3095: 3092: 3087: 3083: 3082:HTML Standard 3079: 3073: 3070: 3065: 3061: 3060:HTML Standard 3057: 3051: 3048: 3043: 3041: 3036: 3029: 3026: 3021: 3017: 3016:HTML Standard 3013: 3007: 3005: 3001: 2989: 2983: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2964: 2961: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2942: 2940: 2936: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2917: 2914: 2909: 2903: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2884: 2881: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2862: 2859: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2839: 2836: 2831: 2829:9780596003838 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2806: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2780: 2778: 2774: 2769: 2767:0-201-70359-9 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2740: 2737: 2732: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2707: 2705: 2701: 2696: 2692: 2685: 2682: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2663: 2660: 2655: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2620: 2616:. 2008-11-26. 2615: 2611: 2607: 2601: 2598: 2593: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2574: 2570:. 2008-11-26. 2569: 2565: 2561: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2514:. 2008-11-26. 2513: 2509: 2505: 2499: 2496: 2491: 2487: 2481: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2461: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2446: 2441: 2438: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2419: 2416: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2397: 2394: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2375: 2372: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2353: 2350: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2331: 2328: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2304: 2302: 2298: 2293: 2289: 2283: 2280: 2275: 2271: 2265: 2262: 2257: 2253: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2239: 2234: 2228: 2225: 2220: 2216: 2210: 2207: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2188: 2185: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2166: 2163: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2149:"dbl1nds.dsl" 2144: 2141: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2114: 2109: 2108:ISO/IEC JTC 1 2105: 2099: 2097: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2065: 2062: 2057: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2040: 2039: 2031: 2029: 2025: 2020: 2018:0-7923-9432-1 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1973: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1956: 1952: 1945: 1939: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1923: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1906: 1905: 1900: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1886: 1881: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1836: 1826: 1820: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1798: 1795: 1790: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1772: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1734:0-19-853737-9 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1708: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1593: 1588: 1586: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1553: 1551: 1526: 1524: 1517: 1515: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1484: 1475: 1466: 1458: 1444: 1441: 1435: 1431: 1423: 1418: 1394: 1384: 1382: 1377: 1375: 1369: 1367: 1362: 1354: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1332: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1302: 1297: 1290: 1286: 1283:as a type of 1282: 1277: 1262: 1253: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1224: 1220: 1208: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1188: 1180: 1178: 1173: 1169: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1129: 1123: 1122:localisations 1106:&Chapter; 1103: 1099: 1095: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1076: 1074: 1073: 1065: 1061: 1056: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1038: 1037: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1014: 1009: 1008: 1004: 996: 992: 988: 983: 982: 974: 970: 967: 962: 961: 955: 951: 947: 944: 939: 938: 930: 926: 922: 917: 916: 913: 909: 906: 904: 898: 893: 892: 881: 873: 869: 864: 863: 859: 856: 855: 846: 844: 839:uses the FPI 838: 834: 830: 826: 814: 806: 805:SGML entities 802: 774: 772: 770: 769:localisations 766: 762: 752: 746: 745:Steven DeRose 742: 738: 734: 726: 722: 714: 709: 705: 693: 691: 689: 685: 673: 669: 657: 655: 649: 645: 641: 629: 627: 621: 613: 604: 598: 582: 562: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 466: 461: 460: 458: 456: 444: 442: 424: 420: 416: 408: 403: 396:: the string 395: 391: 388: 384: 367: 363: 356: 352: 345: 337: 333: 326: 322: 321: 319: 315: 312: 304: 300: 296: 295: 294: 291: 280: 276: 268: 260: 258: 252: 244: 236: 228: 220: 212: 210: 200: 195:ISO 8879-1986 187: 177: 169: 164:ISO 8879:1986 161: 158:is either an 157: 149: 147: 145: 137: 129: 117: 115: 112: 102: 98: 90: 82: 78: 70: 68: 66: 65:legacy system 62: 58: 53: 51: 47: 43: 39: 35: 31: 27: 23: 19: 3103: 3094: 3081: 3072: 3059: 3050: 3038: 3028: 3015: 2993:10 September 2991:. Retrieved 2982: 2963: 2950: 2925: 2916: 2902: 2883: 2874: 2867:Clark, James 2861: 2848: 2838: 2815: 2805: 2796: 2788: 2749: 2739: 2712: 2684: 2671: 2662: 2635: 2609: 2600: 2563: 2531:Clark, James 2507: 2498: 2489: 2465:10 September 2463:. Retrieved 2440: 2427: 2424:"dbl1en.ent" 2418: 2405: 2402:"dbl1fr.ent" 2396: 2383: 2380:"dbl1el.dsl" 2374: 2361: 2358:"dbl1fr.dsl" 2352: 2339: 2336:"dbl1en.dsl" 2330: 2313: 2291: 2282: 2264: 2227: 2209: 2196: 2187: 2174: 2165: 2152: 2143: 2130: 2082: 2060: 2037: 2000: 1950: 1938: 1926: 1903: 1861: 1819: 1806: 1797: 1788: 1779: 1716: 1589: 1582: 1569: 1554: 1527: 1521: 1505: 1488: 1479: 1452: 1442: 1427: 1388: 1378: 1370: 1366:SGML catalog 1365: 1360: 1358: 1333: 1314: 1298: 1291:), the SGML 1288: 1284: 1278: 1257: 1242: 1241:referencing 1238: 1222: 1218: 1206: 1204: 1195: 1191: 1189: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1167: 1165: 1133: 994: 900: 847:Example FPIs 800: 778: 753: 703: 697: 672:ISO/IEC 2022 667: 661: 647: 643: 639: 633: 610:refers to a 605: 563: 533: 454: 448: 422: 418: 414: 412: 393: 386: 366:domain names 357:(the string 354: 338:(the string 335: 324: 317: 298: 292: 278: 274: 266: 264: 221:begins with 218: 216: 188: 155: 153: 143: 135: 127: 121: 113: 100: 96: 88: 76: 74: 54: 21: 17: 15: 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