210:
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view the nearly 3000 neatly aligned graves amongst the many high-rise apartments of
Holland Close. Built in 1969, this is the Ying Fo Fui Kun (应和会馆) Cemetery, better known as the Hakka Cemetery. The beginnings of the Hakka Cemetery trace back to 1822, when the first influx of migrants from the Guandong province set up the Ying Fo Fui Kun clan at Telok Ayer street. A minority group in comparison to the Hokkiens and Teochews, the carefully chosen words of "应和" or Ying Fo/Ho reflected their desire for a peaceful environment and mutual support amongst fellow migrants.
25:
245:. By 1956, however, the walls of the cemetery had been demolished, the grounds were overgrown by vegetation, and the eastern end of the area experienced frequent flooding. In addition, many of the memorials had collapsed. In 1971, the cemetery was finally closed to all visitors, and all the gravestones and memorials contained within were cleared. The Singapore Cemeteries Board managed to exhume some remains, but a majority of the memorials had been destroyed.
471:(应和会馆), the first Chinese Hakka clan association in Singapore, bought over a piece of land from the British government to meet the burial demands of the increasing number of association members. The area was then renamed the Twin Dragon Hills, and a Wu Shu Ancestral Hall was built next to it. The Ying Fo Kuan cemetery was acquired by the local government in 1965, and the remains from the coffins placed in urns and buried under neat rows of memorial stones
252:
330:
Mount
Pleasant Road, and off Sime Road and Kheam Hock Road, and is still in existence today, despite being abandoned. The cemetery was named after its first owner, George Henry Brown. Brown had been a ship owner who had arrived in Singapore from Calcutta in the 1840s, and had bought the area and named it Mount Pleasant. The land was then later bought by Ong Kew Ho and the
201:. It was opened on Sunday, 6 June 1846, and the first burial at the cemetery is recorded as being on 7 November 1846. Following that, over 400 burials are recorded to have taken place in that cemetery. However, in May 1984, it was recorded that the cemetery was badly overgrown with weeds and vegetation, and that a majority of the tablets were already broken.
460:
building of cemeteries on top of hills as being highly auspicious. Despite being met with constant resistance from the
Colonial Government in the 1930s, it was not up till Singapore's independence in 1965 did negotiations between the clan and state began to fully reclaim the area of Shuang Long Shan for urban redevelopment.
178:, to repair and preserve the remaining memorials, the condition of the cemetery continued to gradually deteriorate. Although more than 600 burials took place at Fort Canning Cemetery – with a third of this number consisting of Chinese Christians, only 400 legible stones remained when the cemetery was surveyed in 1912.
143:
Held on Grants issued by Sir
Stamford Raffles and J. Crawfurd, was listed as "Lot 576. Burial Ground" and as being 2 acres (0.81 ha) in area. When this small cemetery became full, application for a new burial ground was made in May 1827 by Reverend Robert Burn, the resident chaplain. This request was rejected.
455:
For many
Singaporeans living in the west, a trip on the east–west line towards town is often filled with dread, given the distance and jostling for space on board. Yet in a pocket of space in-between Buona Vista and Commonwealth stations, there lies a little oasis of solace if one takes a look out to
329:
Bukit Brown
Cemetery, also known to the local community as Kopi Sua or Coffee Hill, was a public Chinese cemetery that had been established in the early 20th century. It was believed to be the biggest Chinese graveyard outside China, hosting about 100,000 graves. It is located between Lornie Road and
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burials, the restricted size of the cemetery made it such that no formal segregation was carried out until 1845. In 1845, the cemetery was extended to contain the grounds to the east of the central path, and in 1846, a brick wall was constructed to enclose the entire cemetery. Two arches, designed by
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Following the closure of
Forbidden Hill Cemetery, Fort Canning Cemetery was established in 1823. Located on the slope of Bukit Larangan, the cemetery's earliest graves were situated on the side of the cemetery that faced the sea. The original portion of the cemetery, as found in the register of Lands
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The 213-acre (0.86 km) site at Bukit Brown had been acquired and passed into municipal hands by the municipal authorities in 1919 after pressure had been put on it to provide a municipal cemetery for the
Chinese communities in Singapore. The cemetery was opened on 1 January 1922 and was managed
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chapel, while the
Protestant portion with its mortuary chapel was to the right. These two divisions were separated by a broad central path. The area of the cemetery was later extended, with a new section opened for burials on the western side of the cemetery. A small road divided the older and newer
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in
February 2012 that 5000, out of more than 100000 graves, would make way for a new 4-lane road that would cut through the cemetery. This number was reduced to 3746, from the original 5000, on 19 March 2012. It was also revealed that the rest of the cemetery would make way for a new public housing
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By 1954, the greater part of the cemetery's gravestones and memorials had been removed, although some of the inscription plaques had been saved and placed within the north and south walls. Over the next 23 years, the cemetery was gradually cleared. By late 1977, only three original monuments still
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By 1929, Bukit Brown Cemetery accounted for about 40 per cent of all officially registered Chinese burials within municipal limits. The cemetery was eventually closed. In the 1970s, the cemetery faced the threat of being cleared for redevelopment, but it was eventually granted reprieve. Now, the
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In 1887, the Ying Fo Fui Kun clan bought over 100 hectares of land between the current Buona Vista and Commonwealth areas and named it Shuang Long Shan (双龙山) or Double Dragon Hill. The area was to be used as both a village and burial ground and was also chosen because the Chinese often saw the
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On 30 September 2015, it was reported that the cast iron gates of the cemetery were removed from their posts and would be reinstalled (after refurbishment) at the mouth of a new access road near its original location. By 2030, they would change Bukit Brown into housing, repair works are now in
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Due to the problem of land scarcity in Singapore, use of land for spacious or defunct cemeteries is regarded as a waste of resources. As the need for land for urban development and public housing increased in Singapore, former cemeteries and burial sites were gradually cleared to make way for
232:
Opened for burials on 1 April 1865, the cemetery was divided into two, with one an area designated for Roman Catholics and another for designated for Christians of other denominations. If one entered the main gate of the cemetery, the catholic section was to the left, and had its own
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Captain Charles Edward Faber, superintending engineer of the settlement, were also built–one was on the southern, seaward side, and one was on the landside. By the end of 1863, the cemetery had become full, and in 1865, Fort Canning Cemetery was closed.
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In 1969, all but 1.89 hectares of the land was returned to the state, and a 99-year lease was placed on the area where the current graves and ancestral halls of Shuang Long Shan Memorial Hall (双龙山念堂) and Wu Fu Tang Ancestral Hall (五富堂义祠) now stand.
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digitised and released online the burial registers of the cemetery between April 1922 and December 1972, as well as a location map of the cemetery in part to help descendants check if their ancestor's graves were affected by the development.
423:. Many graves were exhumed and remains cremated during the 1980s. After a long legal back-and-forth, the government compensated 8 acres (32,000 m) of land to Peck San Theng which accommodating an office block, a heritage museum, two
130:. The cemetery was discontinued at the end of 1865, and all traces of it had been wiped out by the different rebuilding developments and programmes. One of these major projects was the construction of the fort that came to be known as
498:. The cemetery was used to bury residents from the island and there were 35 Cantonese and Teochew residents buried there in the 1970s. Residents were not allowed to be buried there and subsequently the cemetery became abandoned.
416:, or transliterated as Kwong-Wai-Siew. Within a century, Peck San Theng (PST) became one of the biggest Chinese cemeteries in Singapore, holding more than 100,000 graves over 324 acres (1.31 km) of land.
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The Bukit Timah Cemetery was a Christian cemetery in use from 1865 to 1907, and derived its name for the road along which it was situated. Land for the cemetery had been purchased from the
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663:
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The Ying Fo Kuan Memorial is a Hakka cemetery located behind Blk 32 of Holland Close, a stone's throw away from today's Holland Village. It was built in 1887, when the
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431:. The columbarium houses some 100,000 niches which are available to the public irrespective of race, language and religion since 1980. It is managed by sixteen
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Yeoh, Brenda S.A. Contesting Space in Singapore: Power Relations and the Urban Built Environment. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 2003.
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and Brenda S. A. Yeoh. The Politics of Landscape in Singapore: Constructions of "Nation." Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2003.
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68:
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Perry, Martin, Lily Kong and Brenda Yeoh. Singapore: A Developmental City State. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, 1997. p. 169.
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had closed when they were either full or were relocated. The records and histories of some of these cemeteries are now left.
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cemetery is home to many bird species and wild life, and has as such become popular again–this time, with nature lovers.
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In October 1956 and January 1959, there was interest in usage of the disused Tiong Bahru Cemetery as emergency housing.
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as a public burial ground by a committee led by committee leaders Tan Kheam Hock and See Tiong Wah–who was at that time
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331:
357:). Since there are no other developments in the vicinity, the station will remain non-operational till a later date.
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In 1961, 16 acres of the disused Tiong Bahru Cemetery was acquired by the Government in the aftermath of the
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One military memorial, however, was saved, and was then transferred to the Ulu Pandan Military Cemetery.
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Singapore The Encyclopedia. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet, 2006. "Bukit Brown Cemetery". p. 65.
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redevelopment. By 1985, 21 cemeteries had been cleared, and an approximate 120,000 graves had been
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Squatters into citizens : the 1961 Bukit Ho Swee fire and the making of modern Singapore
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Report of the Committee Regarding Burial and Burial Grounds. Singapore: F. S. Horslin, 1952.
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In 1979, the Singapore government decided to acquire all its land to create the present-day
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691:
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354:
1077:"Heritage Trails :: Queenstown Trail :: Shuang Long Shan Wu Shu Ancestral Hall"
412:. The first words of the three prefectures, Guang-Hui-Zhao were the origins of the name
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123:
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lies another cemetery which is more than 150 years old. It is also no longer in use.
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Dunlop, Peter K. G. Street Names of Singapore. Singapore: Who's Who Publishing, 2000.
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for the Chinese congregation, and was named St Joseph at the request of the Reverend
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Gravestones in Fort Canning Green, Singapore, relocated from Bukit Timah Cemetery
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1146:. Asian Studies Association of Australia. Copenhagen: NIAS Press. p. 122.
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Forbidden Hill Cemetery was an early Christian cemetery established in 1822 on
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with the land redeveloped during the second half of the twentieth century. The
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In 1907, burials ceased, and the cemetery was henceforth maintained by the
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It was originally announced by Minister of State for National Development
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The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 27 March 1893, Page 3
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was previously a cemetery in Singapore that was established in 1870 by
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Thiam, Soon Heng Derek; Syed Muhd. Khairudin Aljunied, eds. (2009).
965:"Peck San Theng organisation: 16 clan associations - Our Background"
799:"Development should not come at expense of heritage: Tan Chuan-Jin"
409:
250:
208:
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to build the proposed emergency housing the victims of the fire.
825:"LTA announces finalised alignment for Bukit Brown road project"
1108:
Reframing Singapore : memory, identity, trans-regionalism
271:, the first German Consul-General in Singapore, were moved to
18:
1249:. British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia. London:
1188:"9 heritage graveyards and cemeteries to visit in Singapore"
1053:. Globalsoundis.livejournal.com. 6 July 2008. Archived from
1051:"GSIS Paranorma – Postcard from the Edge II – Sung Lung San"
158:. Although the area facing the sea was usually reserved for
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and Hakka immigrants largely from the three prefectures of
1111:. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. pp. 99–100.
935:"Bukit Brown's iconic gates to be refurbished, relocated"
851:"LTA finalises alignment of new road across Bukit Brown"
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burials and the ground on the inland side reserved for
882:"New alignment for road cutting through Bukit Brown?"
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Kampong Bukit Coffee Chinese Cemetery is located on
229:, and the first burial took place on 15 April 1865.
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on 22 January 1864. The cemetery was consecrated by
126:
for Forbidden Hill), near to the residence built by
705:"Singapore to drive road through historic cemetery"
626:"Poemas del río Wang: Lieutenant Wladimir Astafiew"
769:"Road through Bukit Brown to go ahead as planned"
238:sections, and was later named New Cemetery Road.
1251:British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia
520:British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia
275:Green. The other 10 graves moved were those of
8:
349:It is the only built area that is near the
1298:Bukit Brown Municipal Cemetery | Infopedia
908:"Burial Registers of Bukit Brown Cemetery"
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
612:
600:
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576:
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265:Chief Justice of the Straits Settlements
32:This article includes a list of general
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259:12 gravestones, including those of Sir
170:Although attempts were made in 1886 by
334:, who gave it to the Ngee Ann Kongsi.
1100:
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1031:from the original on 20 December 2021
945:from the original on 20 November 2015
754:
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490:Kampong Bukit Coffee Chinese Cemetery
7:
193:is a Roman Catholic church built at
146:On 6 October 1834, the cemetery was
1198:from the original on 14 August 2021
827:. Channel NewsAsia. 19 March 2012.
182:stood in their original locations.
1168:from the original on 25 April 2023
910:. National Archives of Singapore.
805:from the original on 14 April 2012
801:. Channel NewsAsia. 5 March 2012.
737:from the original on 25 April 2023
711:from the original on 18 April 2018
666:from the original on 8 August 2014
636:from the original on 8 August 2014
439:in Singapore, particularly during
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
967:. Kwong Wai Siew Peck San Theng.
914:from the original on 23 June 2014
880:Hoe, Yeen Nie (5 December 2011).
831:from the original on 17 June 2012
1001:from the original on 26 May 2022
971:from the original on 24 May 2022
23:
185:
525:Muslim cemeteries in Singapore
413:
370:National Archives of Singapore
83:former cemeteries in Singapore
1:
1246:Early cemeteries in Singapore
991:"Life and Death in Singapore"
386:Kwong Wai Siew Peck San Theng
365:town in about 40 years time.
219:Honourable East India Company
502:Kampong Sungei Tiga Cemetery
186:St Joseph's Church Cemetery
128:Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles
1334:
745:– via The Economist.
435:to provide as a place for
322:
103:Housing Development Board
1243:Harfield, A. G. (1988).
719:– via www.bbc.com.
255:Wladimir Astafiew's tomb
1318:Cemeteries in Singapore
351:Bukit Brown MRT station
342:of the Hong Kong Bank.
267:from 1892 to 1893, and
243:Public Works Department
114:Forbidden Hill Cemetery
53:more precise citations.
1140:Loh, Kah Seng (2013).
506:On the same island of
256:
214:
1027:. KwongPeckSanTheng.
941:. The Straits Times.
694:(for Bovill's burial)
690:8 August 2014 at the
656:"Funeral of Mr. Hare"
281:Nelson William Cashin
254:
212:
172:Sir Frederick Dickson
138:Fort Canning Cemetery
16:Listing of cemeteries
1313:History of Singapore
1228:on 26 November 2012.
475:Tiong Bahru Cemetery
325:Bukit Brown Cemetery
319:Bukit Brown Cemetery
305:Jean Rudolph Lambert
293:George Thompson Hare
205:Bukit Timah Cemetery
152:Bishop Daniel Wilson
630:riowang.blogspot.hk
445:Chong Yang Festival
269:Hans Hermann Eschke
1192:Time Out Singapore
1057:on 5 December 2012
933:Zaccheus, Melody.
484:Bukit Ho Swee fire
441:Qing Ming Festival
406:Guangdong Province
381:Cantonese Cemetery
257:
215:
191:St Joseph's Church
176:colonial secretary
156:Bishop of Calcutta
1153:978-9971-69-795-2
1118:978-90-485-0821-1
939:The Straits Times
437:ancestral worship
433:clan associations
332:Hokkien Huay Kuan
313:William Ronaldson
277:Wladimir Astafiew
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731:"Grave concerns"
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1021:"广惠肇碧山亭-简介"
949:19 November
892:9 September
865:9 September
783:9 September
773:asiaone.com
429:columbarium
421:Bishan Town
297:Chik Hassan
195:Bukit Timah
148:consecrated
51:introducing
1307:Categories
1286:Kong, Lily
1087:6 November
855:ura.gov.sg
660:nlb.gov.sg
531:References
508:Pulau Ubin
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377:progress.
160:Protestant
91:cemeteries
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394:Guangzhou
390:Cantonese
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