407:
419:
31:
49:
232:
102:
223:
77:
495:
This recent research has pointed towards a hypothesis that fork-tailed flycatchers are splitting into two distinct species, as the nonmigratory birds have a much-lower-pitched whistling note than the migrators. This becomes another observed difference amongst others (e.g. wing shape) pointing to the
585:
Males perform aerial courtship displays involving swirling somersaults, twists, and flips. All partnered with their buzzing calls, they do their best to impress female counterparts. Courtship displays also provide a usage for their long tail feathers (which are longer in males), as a way to impress
615:
Fork-tailed flycatcher's long tail is an important asset in their hunt for arthropods. The long tail allows them to turn on a dime and sally after prey. In fact, fork-tailed flycatchers – though small and light – can reach speeds up to 65 miles per hour (105 km/h) and stop/turn impressively
443:, which are half the total length of this species. The tail in adult males is two to three times longer than the length of the bird from the bill to the base of the tail. Generally, males and females of the species look quite similar, but can be distinguished by the longer tail in males.
611:
but will switch to berries and small fruits during winter if insects become scarce. Fork-tailed flycatchers sally from their perches to eat flying insects or glean them off of leaves and fruit. When insects become less available in winter months, they have been observed eating fruits.
439:. Females have a somewhat shorter tail, and it is significantly shorter in juveniles. Males are 37–41 cm (15–16 in) in length; females, 28–30 cm (11–12 in), including tail. They weigh only 28–32 g (0.99–1.13 oz), much less than closely related
1499:
756:(1799). "Tableau des sous-classes, divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des oiseaux, par le Cen Lacépède; avec l'indication de toutes les espèces décrites par Buffon, et leur distribution dans chacun des genres, par F. M. Daudin". In
478:
490:
Their wings have been observed to make a distinct whistling note while flying overhead. In fact, research has been conducted involving distinct differences in the pitch of whistling noises by different subspecies of
434:
The fork-tailed flycatcher is white below, gray above, and has a black cap. Males sometimes show a yellow crown stripe. Males also have an extremely long, forked tail, of even greater length than that of the related
1307:"Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America.— Robert S. Ridgely and Guy Tudor . 2009. University of Texas Press, Austin. 760 pp., 121 color plates, 135 pages of range maps and country maps. ISBN 9780292717480"
499:
During mating displays, the males' wings may also make dry, crackling sounds; further research has investigated the use of these wing noises in potentially startling predators or would-be nest parasites (e.g.
277:
out, eat their prey, and return to their perches. Northern populations near southern Mexico tend to be permanent residents, while fork-tailed flycatchers that live further south are migrants with a reputation
538:, fork-tailed flycatchers are quite gregarious, nesting in flocks of up to 10,000 individuals. This species is known to wander widely. It is spotted almost annually in the eastern United States seaboard and
468:
Most fork-tailed flycatchers are migratory, but some stay year-round, especially in southern Mexico. Migratory fork-tailed flycatchers tend to have more pointed wings than nonmigratory flycatchers.
924:. Volume 9: Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails. Edited by Josep del Hoyo, Andrew Elliott, and David Christie. Barcelona (Spain): Lynx Edicions. $ 195.00. 863 p; ill.; index. ISBN: 84–87334–69–5. 2004"
418:
1221:
1357:
Jahn, Alex E.; Giraldo, Jose I.; MacPherson, Maggie; Tuero, Diego T.; Sarasola, José Hernán; Cereghetti, Joaquin; Masson, Diego A.; Morales, Marvin V. (2016-04-12).
1760:
406:
527:
Its breeding range is from central Mexico to central
Argentina. In most of this range, it is usually found year-round, but in the southern parts of its range, it
1799:
1892:
1505:
477:
1711:
1773:
30:
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Fork-tailed flycatchers produce both vocal and nonvocal sounds. In general, they have a dry, buzzy call, and a weak "tic-note" while in flight.
1067:"Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America.— Robert S. Ridgely and Guy Tudor . 2009. University of Texas Press, Austin. ISBN 9780292717480"
757:
699:
479:
321:
1838:
730:
261:. Named for their distinguishably long, forked tail, fork-tailed flycatchers are seen in lightly forested or grassland areas, from southern
1734:
1509:
1240:
Jahn, Alex. E.; Tuero, D. T. (2020-03-04), Billerman, Shawn M.; Keeney, Brooke K.; Rodewald, Paul G.; Schulenberg, Thomas S. (eds.),
1902:
768:
Although the date of 1799 is printed on the title page, this volume was not published until 1802. For a discussion of the date see:
512:
Fork-tailed flycatchers are usually found below 1000 m elevation where they occur in a wide variety of habitats including pastures,
48:
749:
586:
potential mates. Breeding seasons are dependent on subspecies and location; breeding season ranges from late summer to mid-winter.
1912:
1106:
GĂłmez-BahamĂłn, Valentina; Tuero, Diego T; Castaño, MarĂa Isabel; Jahn, Alex E; Bates, John M; Clark, Christopher J (2020-08-10).
1907:
1466:
1778:
1203:
1359:"Demographic variation in timing and intensity of feather molt in migratory Fork-tailed Flycatchers (Tyrannus s. savana)"
1612:
963:"Identification Guide to North American Birds, Part II.— Peter Pyle . 2008. Slate Creek Press, Point Reyes Station, CA"
1662:
1010:"Drivers of wing shape in a widespread Neotropical bird: a dual role of sex-specific and migration-related functions"
685:
Ornithologie, ou, MĂ©thode
Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés
1804:
1522:
879:
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436:
101:
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Ramos MejĂa y las multitudes argentinas : una intervenciĂłn polĂtica en Buenos Aires, hacia fines del SXIX
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During migration, fork-tailed flycatchers have been observed flying accompanied by relative species such as
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231:
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196:
461:, which have notable light backs that contrast greatly with their black heads. Discrete notches on the
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Fork-tailed flycatchers tend to build their cup nests in similar habitats to their hunting grounds (
1486:
556:, is found in central and southern Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina (south to the
535:
447:
66:
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766:(in French). Vol. 14: Quadrupedes. Paris: P. Didot l'ainé et Firmin Didot. pp. 197–346 .
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593:, grasslands). They tend to prefer specific trees in specific geographic locations, such as
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1514:
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367:
274:
1278:. Universidad Nacional de LanĂşs. MaestrĂa en MetodologĂa de la InvestigaciĂłn CientĂfica.
1628:
634:
812:
763:
Histoire
Naturelle par Buffon Dédiée au citoyen Lacépède, membre de l'Institut National
528:
381:
269:. They are most frequently observed sitting on conspicuous perches waiting for flying
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81:
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1157:"Molecular Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of the Tit-Tyrants (Aves: Tyrannidae)"
1108:"Sonations in Migratory and Non-migratory Fork-tailed Flycatchers (Tyrannus savana)"
1092:
1051:
994:
868:. Vol. 8. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 226.
863:
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761:
683:
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688:(in French and Latin). Vol. 2. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. pp. 395–398.
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Carvalho
Provinciato, Ivan C.; Araújo, Márcio S.; Jahn, Alex E. (August 2018).
978:
703:
1864:
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520:, and open residential areas with scattered trees. During migration, however,
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Roy, Michael S.; Torres-Mura, Juan Carlos; Hertel, Fritz (February 1999).
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Marini, M.Â.; Lobo, Y.; Lopes, L.E.; França, L.F.; Paiva, L.V.D. (2009).
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710:(in French). Vol. 14. Paris: L'Imprimerie Royale. pp. 557–558.
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given by de Buffon because it inhabited flooded savanna grasslands
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1843:
399:, 1802 – central, southern South America and the Falkland Islands
143:
1563:
564:, a large portion of northern South America (i.e., within the
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family and is a member of a genus typically referred to as
568:), and Trinidad and Tobago, occasionally appearing in the
817:"Studies of Peruvian birds. No. 27, Notes on the genera
1551:
Citizen science observations for Fork-tailed flycatcher
1420:(Aves, Tyrannidae) in cerrado of Central Brazil].
294:
The fork-tailed flycatcher was described in 1760 by
1572:
524:may be found in an even broader range of habitats.
384:, 1937) – northern Colombia and northwest Venezuela
1525:at Neotropical Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
658:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22700503A93780761.en
599:trees in central Brazil. The clutch is 1–3 eggs.
1414:(Aves, Tyrannidae) em cerrado do Brasil Central"
465:are also quite handy in identifying subspecies.
542:, normally around fall (September–November).
8:
1220:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
325:
299:
843:. American Museum Novitates: No. 962: 1–2.
305:
1560:
1541:Audio recordings of Fork-tailed flycatcher
1242:"Fork-tailed Flycatcher (Tyrannus savana)"
370:, 1844 – southern Mexico to Colombia, the
221:
75:
47:
29:
20:
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1384:
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1202:Jahn & Tuero, A, D. (March 4, 2020).
1123:
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1033:
656:
961:Lloyd-Evans, Trevor L. (November 2009).
723:Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
549:and aggressively chasing off predators.
483:Fork-tailed flycatcher call in Argentina
390:(Zimmer, JT, 1937) – east-central Brazil
1510:John Kormendy's Birds of Brazil website
625:
402:
1740:fork-tailed-flycatcher-tyrannus-savana
1523:Fork-tailed flycatcher species account
1213:
775:"On the date of Lacépède's 'Tableaux'"
1352:
1350:
1235:
1233:
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1161:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
894:. International Ornithologists' Union
7:
1500:Fork-tailed flycatcher photo gallery
913:
911:
909:
1893:IUCN Red List least concern species
1112:Integrative and Comparative Biology
862:Traylor, Melvin A. Jr, ed. (1979).
644:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
453:has a darker grey back compared to
922:Handbook of the Birds of the World
841:American Museum of Natural History
616:quickly using their flashy tails.
334:), but it was not until 1802 that
235:Fork-tailed flycatcher in Colombia
14:
1305:Rosenberg, Gary H. (July 2010).
1065:Rosenberg, Gary H. (July 2010).
918:Roche, John P (September 2005).
892:IOC World Bird List Version 10.2
865:Check-List of Birds of the World
758:Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de
700:Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de
417:
405:
100:
1515:BirdLife species factsheet for
1435:10.1590/S1676-06032009000100007
928:The Quarterly Review of Biology
633:BirdLife International (2016).
1454:"Fork-tailed flycatcher media"
1248:, Cornell Lab of Ornithology,
708:Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux
1:
1467:Fork-tailed flycatcher Stamps
607:This species is primarily an
378:Tyrannus savana sanctaemartae
1506:Fork-tailed flycatcher Photo
1502:at VIREO (Drexel University)
1363:Journal of Field Ornithology
750:Lacépède, Bernard Germain de
320:) and then again in 1780 by
388:Tyrannus savana circumdatus
1929:
1324:10.1525/auk.2010.127.3.717
1272:Guic, Laura (2019-09-20).
1084:10.1525/auk.2010.127.3.717
979:10.1525/cond.2009.review07
721:Jobling, James A. (2010).
531:northward for the winter.
1529:Interactive range map of
1416:[Breeding biology of
1410:"Biologia reprodutiva de
1026:10.1007/s10682-018-9945-4
680:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
552:The nominate subspecies,
437:scissor-tailed flycatcher
326:
301:le tyran Ă queue fourchue
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97:Scientific classification
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1903:Birds of Central America
1459:Internet Bird Collection
1284:10.18294/rdi.2020.177030
1204:"fork-tailed flycatcher"
833:, with further notes on
651:: e.T22700503A93780761.
508:Distribution and habitat
496:two-species conclusion.
365:Tyrannus savana monachus
296:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
1913:Birds described in 1802
330:" (because it lived in
298:under the French name "
273:to fly past, they then
24:Fork-tailed flycatcher
1908:Birds of South America
1727:fork-tailed-flycatcher
1173:10.1006/mpev.1998.0563
754:Daudin, François Marie
560:), and overwinters in
484:
394:Tyrannus savana savana
315:the fork-tailed tyrant
241:fork-tailed flycatcher
236:
1254:10.2173/bow.fotfly.01
482:
374:, and northern Brazil
336:François Marie Daudin
284:New Brunswick, Canada
234:
1014:Evolutionary Ecology
888:"Tyrant flycatchers"
886:, eds. (July 2020).
771:Richmond, Charles W.
322:Georges-Louis Buffon
1487:Trinidad and Tobago
1125:10.1093/icb/icaa115
566:Orinoco River Basin
459:T. s. sanctaemartae
448:nominate subspecies
282:to as far north as
67:Conservation status
1536:IUCN Red List maps
1376:10.1111/jofo.12147
1246:Birds of the World
1208:Birds of the World
882:; Donsker, David;
485:
237:
1880:
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1852:Open Tree of Life
1566:Taxon identifiers
1424:(in Portuguese).
884:Rasmussen, Pamela
813:Zimmer, John Todd
732:978-1-4081-3326-2
547:eastern kingbirds
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424:showing fork tail
255:tyrant flycatcher
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1447:External links
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347:type locality
344:
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340:binomial name
337:
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280:for wandering
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197:Binomial name
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154:Passeriformes
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82:Least Concern
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648:
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614:
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554:T. s. savana
553:
551:
544:
533:
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511:
498:
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467:
458:
454:
451:T. s. savana
450:
445:
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393:
387:
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364:
355:
342:
293:
253:bird of the
245:
244:
240:
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205:
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187:
186:
174:
57:
39:
18:
1813:Neotropical
1748:iNaturalist
1598:Wikispecies
1555:iNaturalist
1386:11336/44789
880:Gill, Frank
827:Empidonomus
704:"Le Savana"
664:12 November
609:insectivore
570:West Indies
430:Description
338:coined the
1887:Categories
1865:Xeno-canto
1545:Xeno-canto
1259:2020-09-26
967:The Condor
934:(3): 365.
898:21 January
835:Knipolegus
620:References
596:Kielmeyera
493:T. savana.
382:Zimmer, JT
358:subspecies
271:arthropods
164:Tyrannidae
60:in Panama
42:in Belize
1471:Argentina
1395:0273-8570
1333:0004-8038
1292:242506188
1181:1055-7903
1134:1540-7063
1044:0269-7653
987:0010-5422
948:0033-5770
849:2246/3860
819:Muscivora
558:RĂo Negro
536:migration
522:T. savana
518:mangroves
441:kingbirds
412:in flight
332:savannahs
327:le savana
267:Argentina
259:kingbirds
251:passerine
182:Species:
120:Kingdom:
114:Eukaryota
1792:22700503
1766:10198959
1655:22700503
1650:BirdLife
1589:Q1078611
1583:Wikidata
1341:86322564
1216:cite web
1189:10082611
1142:32777043
1093:86322564
1052:49864430
995:84007606
831:Sirystes
823:Tyrannus
815:(1937).
773:(1899).
702:(1780).
682:(1760).
581:Breeding
576:Behavior
562:Amazonia
529:retreats
368:Hartlaub
351:Suriname
290:Taxonomy
175:Tyrannus
160:Family:
134:Chordata
130:Phylum:
124:Animalia
110:Domain:
87:IUCN 3.1
1844:1484984
1717:5229693
1637:Avibase
1491:Uruguay
1483:Grenada
799:4069359
760:(ed.).
534:During
372:Guianas
309:
249:) is a
170:Genus:
150:Order:
140:Class:
85: (
56:Female
1818:fotfly
1805:137541
1779:178294
1724:GNAB:
1704:fotfly
1678:fotfly
1617:fotafl
1489:, and
1475:Brazil
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397:Daudin
345:. The
263:Mexico
215:, 1802
213:Daudin
1857:36409
1831:74099
1761:IRMNG
1753:16793
1699:eBird
1691:59Z2Q
1675:BOW:
1668:68743
1469:from
1337:S2CID
1288:S2CID
1089:S2CID
1048:S2CID
991:S2CID
795:JSTOR
356:Four
275:sally
38:Male
1839:OBIS
1800:NCBI
1787:IUCN
1774:ITIS
1712:GBIF
1663:BOLD
1391:ISSN
1329:ISSN
1222:link
1185:PMID
1177:ISSN
1138:PMID
1130:ISSN
1040:ISSN
983:ISSN
944:ISSN
900:2021
727:ISBN
666:2021
649:2016
603:Diet
457:and
446:The
306:lit.
239:The
144:Aves
1735:IBC
1686:CoL
1624:ADW
1613:ABA
1553:at
1543:on
1534:at
1508:at
1493:at
1430:doi
1381:hdl
1371:doi
1319:doi
1315:127
1311:Auk
1280:doi
1250:doi
1169:doi
1120:doi
1079:doi
1075:127
1071:Auk
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