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427:, near the former Fort Juniata Crossing. It has been described as a "blockhouse or rendezvous for the settlers in that vicinity, constructed with the private funds of the owner of the property," (Colonel James Martin), and was a refuge for local settlers during raids by Native American war parties. It fell into disuse after the war ended and the threat of raids was over, although as late as 1789, Martin's tavern was still serving veal cutlets and trout. Remains of Martin's home at the crossing were still visible in 1970.
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out a stockade to hold 100 men...The post will suffice as a protection for the detachments necessary for escorts and to maintain the communication." Michael
Lindenmuth, a soldier with the Second Battalion, Pennsylvania Regiment, camped at Juniata Crossing on 21 June and says in his journal that 200 men were engaged in the construction of the fort. Smaller, and with a smaller garrison than larger forts such as
337:, attached to the Third Battalion of the Pennsylvania Regiment, stopped at Juniata Crossing, writing in his journal: "Reach'd Juniata Crossing that Night--distant from Sidling Hill 9 miles. Here we found Captain Morgan encamp'd with some companies of the Pennsylvania Regiment. A small Fort just erected, & the Ford of Juniata piquetted in, in order to protect Waggons etc. in passing."
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285:"The Road from Littleton to Seydeling Hill is good but the Juniata still has 4 1/2 feet of water. We can ford it in a few days, but as a precaution we will build a bridge. The farther I go away from the settlements the more I see that this expedition, which is believed so easy, is full of almost insurmountable difficulties."
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lawyer turned engineer, and was described as "...supported by two strong chains, hung in the manner of a slack rope, over the tops of posts (one at each end), about twenty feet higher than the road." The chains were anchored to boulders in the hillside above the riverbanks. The bridge was demolished
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Forbes had intended the fort to be "a stockaded inclosure for the security of the convoys and to hold the river crossing if unfordable." On 21 June 1758 Colonel
Bouquet wrote to Forbes: "...arrived here this morning and found only three and a half feet of water in the river. Captain Gordon has laid
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In 1763, Fort
Juniata Crossing and the nearby stockade at Stony Creek were abandoned and the personnel and stores were transferred to Ford Bedford. The fort's remaining buildings were destroyed by a fire set for entertainment by wagon-drivers in May, 1764. The road continued to be in use by army
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to the west, Fort
Juniata Crossing protected a vital ford across the Raystown Branch of the Juniata River. As this was the only major river ford along the road between Carlisle and Fort Duquesne, the site was of particular strategic importance. Colonel
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sent five of his
Vollenters, the whole amounts to 13 men, which if We had any Place to Defind ourselves I think we Cold stand a smart attick, but the fort being all out of Repair, we have took to My house and prepaird it as well as possable to Difend
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authorized
William Wallace to erect a bridge across the Juniata at his own expense. He was permitted to collect tolls on condition that he allow travelers to ford the stream if they wished to do so. The wooden
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The fort was constructed in the summer of 1758 as part of a string of forts located along the line of supply and communication, westward from the
British Army's forward base at the frontier settlement of
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1763 map of a route through southwest
Pennsylvania from Fort Loudoun, Franklin County to Fort Pitt, Pittsburgh. "Crossing of Juniata," where the fort was located, is shown near the bottom of the page.
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372:"The Indeans is playing on us in all quartrs I have been at this post with two Regilrs and four Vollenters this week Pas and on the arrivl of the Hilenders. Capt Ourry sent us two More and
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307:. Under the command of Captain Jacob Morgan, and with the supervision of engineer Captain Harry Gordon, construction was started on 21 June and completed on 13 July 1758.
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619:"Fort at Iuniata," author unknown, 1763. Pen and ink; sheet 33 x 42 cm. Norman B. Leventhal Map & Education Center at the Boston Public Library, Boston MA
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Map of the "Fort at
Iuniata," now in the British Museum library. Hand-drawn map of the river and the ford, with a sketched plan of the fort. Author unknown.
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History of
Bedford, Somerset, and Fulton Counties, Pennsylvania: With Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men.
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The fort was of little use to the British Army after the campaign and immediately went into a state of decline. George Woods, a local
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named Fort Martin was constructed on or near the site in the late 1770s. The exact location of the fort is unknown, but it was in
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some time after 1818, but the bridge's stone piers are still visible. A tavern built in 1818 is still in use as an antique shop.
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385:: "The little Post of Juniata being totally decayed, & having no Time to repair it, I have evacuated it."
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Doug MacGregor and Melissah Pawlikowski, "'This Wretched World': The Journal of John Michael Lindenmuth,"
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Volume VI, The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 1994, pp 243-244.
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placed in command of the garrison at the fort, attempted to repair it in anticipation of attacks during
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Volume 16, Northwestern Pennsylvania historical series, Pennsylvania Historical Commission, 1940
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Initially, 700 men were assigned to guard the fort, as it contained supplies essential for the
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The Ordeal of Thomas Barton: Anglican Missionary in the Pennsylvania Backcountry, 1755-1780,
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erected a historical marker along Route 30, about a half mile south of the fort's location.
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Studies in eighteenth-century America and the Atlantic world. Lehigh University Press, 2010
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Report of the Commission to Locate the Site of the Frontier Forts of Pennsylvania,
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Vol. 74, No. 3, Summer 2007, pp. 374-393. Penn State University Press
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Mike Wintermantel, "Forbes Road (Fort Juniata)," February 15, 2012
652:"Fort Juniata Crossing," Pennsylvania Forts: Southern Pennsylvania
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By 1790 the road was moved to a location near the present site of
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When Colonel Bouquet arrived at the fort on 26 July, he wrote to
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Located about halfway between the British fortifications at
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about 2.4 miles (3.9 km) west of the current site of
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Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies,
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A Traveler's Guide to Historic Western Pennsylvania,
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81:Location of Fort Juniata Crossing in Pennsylvania
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1599:Military installations established in the 1750s
330:On 23 July, soon after the fort was completed,
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475:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
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46:Historical marker for "Fort Juniata" and the
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319:, Fort Juniata Crossing consisted of a log
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250:Raystown Branch of the Juniata River
240:era fortification located along the
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593:Vol. 2, No. 2, July 1970), pp. 4-10
303:' army pushed toward the French at
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562:University of Pittsburgh, 1954
201:Pennsylvania Historical Marker
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1579:French and Indian War forts
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456:" was completed in 1801 by
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421:West Providence township
254:Breezewood, Pennsylvania
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860:Bloody Springs massacre
834:Battle of Sideling Hill
383:General Jeffery Amherst
1609:1763 disestablishments
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111:40.00222°N 78.267873°W
50:, near Breezewood, PA.
1574:Forts in Pennsylvania
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1079:Heinrich Zeller House
969:Fort Juniata Crossing
839:Kittanning Expedition
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160:French and Indian War
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22:Fort Juniata Crossing
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180:Captain Jacob Morgan
170:Garrison information
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793:Braddock Expedition
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473:In 1952, the
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366:Pontiac's War
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356:Pontiac's War
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335:Thomas Barton
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332:army chaplain
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317:Fort Ligonier
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305:Fort Duquesne
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279:Henry Bouquet
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1496:Mount Dallas
1471:Charlesville
1466:Chaneysville
1456:Burning Bush
1347:Snake Spring
1188:Manns Choice
1142:
1074:Fort William
1069:Fort Venango
1064:Fort Swatara
1059:Fort Shirley
994:Fort Loudoun
984:Light's Fort
974:Fort Lebanon
968:
949:Fort Halifax
934:Fort Deshler
919:Fort Bedford
914:Fort Augusta
745:Pennsylvania
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514:Fort Bedford
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458:James Finley
454:chain bridge
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431:Chain bridge
425:Fort Bedford
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313:Fort Bedford
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274:Fort Bedford
267:
233:
230:Fort Juniata
229:
225:
224:
182:George Woods
156:Battles/wars
135:Site history
1428:communities
1410:Stonerstown
1405:Riddlesburg
1357:Southampton
1322:Londonderry
1218:Schellsburg
1138:County seat
1014:Fort McCord
1009:Fort Manada
959:Fort Hunter
924:Fort Bigham
747:during the
499:Forbes Road
407:Fort Martin
402:Later years
377:ourselves."
242:Forbes Road
148:In use
114: /
90:Coordinates
48:Forbes Road
1568:Categories
1521:State Line
1476:Fishertown
1446:Breezewood
1390:Clearville
1257:Bloomfield
954:Fort Henry
929:Fort Depuy
909:Fort Allen
641:0982131348
569:0822975319
520:References
374:Mr Croghan
323:with four
232:or simply
208:Designated
177:commanders
102:78°16′04″W
99:40°00′08″N
1530:Footnotes
1516:Sandy Run
1506:Osterburg
1481:Gapsville
1262:Broad Top
1244:Townships
1203:Rainsburg
1193:New Paris
1034:Fort Pitt
396:Fort Pitt
151:1758-1763
1491:Loysburg
1400:Earlston
1395:Defiance
1372:Woodbury
1292:Hopewell
1287:Harrison
1267:Colerain
1223:Woodbury
1178:Hopewell
1168:Coaldale
1155:Boroughs
900:Frontier
493:See also
417:stockade
362:surveyor
325:bastions
321:stockade
297:Carlisle
264:Location
190:9-13 men
187:Garrison
1436:Artemas
1317:Lincoln
1312:Liberty
1297:Juniata
1252:Bedford
1183:Hyndman
1173:Everett
1163:Bedford
1145:Bedford
248:of the
1461:Cessna
1337:Napier
1332:Monroe
1302:Kimmel
1213:Saxton
639:
567:
469:Legacy
1511:Queen
1486:Imler
1342:Pavia
902:Forts
299:, as
140:Built
1415:Wood
1382:CDPs
1327:Mann
1307:King
869:1758
848:1757
827:1756
786:1755
756:1754
637:ISBN
565:ISBN
415:era
315:and
246:ford
211:1952
175:Past
143:1758
130:Fort
127:Type
1570::
1141::
1126:,
575:^
542:^
460:,
411:A
31:,
1417:‡
1113:e
1106:t
1099:v
737:e
730:t
723:v
452:"
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