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In the 1850s the
American bison or buffalo was subjected to extreme over-huntings, caused in part by the fur trade and high world demand, but also spurred by the advance of American railroads into the western frontier. There was an increase in the number of men who hunted the animals for sport and
396:, he ordered construction of what was formally dubbed Fort Pierre in his honor. Astor retired from the fur business in 1834, and Chouteau purchased the Fort Pierre operation. He eventually bought out Pratte and became the principal operator of this post and its fur trade.
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in 1991. A stone marker is located near the center of the site, accessible by a gravel path. There are no visible remains of the fort's buildings and infrastructure. The state is developing plans for improved access and interpretation at the site.
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Fort Pierre and the surrounding community rapidly developed as a major center for
Chouteau's trading business. In addition to its central location for company logistics, it was also generally surrounded by a settlement of Lakota
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to the south. Salvageable buildings and materials were transported to Fort
Randall, and any surviving timbers were used to fuel steamboats on the river. The trade in buffalo furs effectively ended by the early 1860s, when the
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killed as many as they could shoot. Pierre
Chouteau sold the fort that bore his name to the United States government in 1854. The government found the facilities inadequate and abandoned them in 1857 in favor of
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316:, the AFC's predecessor in the regional fur trade. That fort was poorly sited and subject to flooding from the river. Some of its timber elements were reused in the construction of Fort Pierre Chouteau.
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brothers, during their 1743–44 expedition. They buried an inscribed lead plate on a hill near the confluence of the
Missouri and Bad Rivers, claiming the territory for the King as part of
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rivers, on a low terrace above the west bank of the
Missouri River. This site was of strategic importance for several reasons. It served as a midpoint among the outposts of the
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tribes, who traded buffalo furs for
American and European goods. At its height in the 1850s, the company was part of a complex trading network extending from the
449:. It was used as pasture land until 1930, when it was acquired by the state of South Dakota. The state property was further enlarged by a land gift in 1970.
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after her husband's death. The development of the trading post marked the start of permanent white settlement of the
Missouri/Bad River area.
378:, a near monopoly, purchased the assets of the Columbia Fur Company. The AFC turned management of the Upper Missouri Operation (UMO) over to
347:, son of parents from Quebec and Ontario who were fur traders in the region, established a French-Canadian trading post here. His mother was
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The site is now an open meadow just north of the city limits of Fort Pierre, on the north side of Fort
Chouteau Road. It was added to the
339:, who camped in the area in 1804. They were commissioned by the United States government to explore and survey major areas of the
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The first people of
European descent to encounter Native Americans in the Fort Pierre area were a pair of French explorers, the
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312:, located on what is now LaFramboise Island closer to the river confluence. The island fort had been built in 1817 by the
297:(AFC), which monopolized trade on the upper Missouri by 1830, and as an endpoint for a major overland shipment route to
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was partitioned in 1889 and the Sioux reservation was reduced in size, the fort's land became available for
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activity in the 1980s identified a number of elements of the fort's structure, confirming its location.
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in competition. They built Fort Tecumseh as well as other outposts on the Upper Missouri. In 1827
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to the Eastern United States and Europe: it shipped 100,000 fur robes through Fort Pierre.
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390:. When Chouteau ascended the Missouri River in 1832 on the maiden voyage of the steamship
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Fort Pierre Chouteau was located just north of the confluence of the Missouri and
228:, whose family were major fur traders, this facility operated through the 1850s.
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Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in South Dakota
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Stanley County, South Dakota
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National Register of Historic Places in Stanley County, South Dakota
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The next major non-native visitors were members of the American
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It was for many years the largest trading post in the northern
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In 1822, former fur traders for the privately held, British
567:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination"
281:
Engraving of the trading post from a painting by General
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furs. The archaeological remains of the fort, located in
584:"Management Plan for Fort Pierre Chouteau Historic Site"
270:, who visited the fort in 1833. View from the plains.
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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List of National Historic Landmarks in South Dakota
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1131:National Historic Landmarks in South Dakota
1110:National Register of Historic Places Portal
1171:Military installations established in 1832
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509:National Historic Landmark summary listing
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1136:Geography of Stanley County, South Dakota
649:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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308:This fort was built as a replacement for
35:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1176:1832 establishments in the United States
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569:. National Park Service. December 1990.
511:. National Park Service. Archived from
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425:established a presence in the region.
1146:South Dakota in the American Civil War
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534:"National Register Information System"
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235:and a major trans-shipment point for
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539:National Register of Historic Places
458:National Register of Historic Places
433:Fort Pierre Chouteau became part of
437:lands assigned to the Sioux in the
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285:. View from across the Missouri.
279:Fort Pierre, South Dakota, 1857.
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44:U.S. National Historic Landmark
1166:Forts along the Missouri River
439:Treaty of Fort Laramie of 1868
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1:
113:Show map of the United States
264:Fort Pierre on the Missouri.
16:United States historic place
1067:National Historic Landmarks
505:"Fort Pierre Chouteau Site"
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462:National Historic Landmark
351:and took over the post in
337:Lewis and Clark Expedition
249:National Historic Landmark
243:just north of the town of
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220:. Established in 1832 by
170:NRHP reference
127:Fort Pierre, South Dakota
66:
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27:Fort Pierre Chouteau Site
25:
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345:Joseph La Framboise, Jr.
343:of 1803. In 1817 trader
88:Show map of South Dakota
1072:Wind Cave National Park
586:. State of South Dakota
301:in present-day eastern
216:in what is now central
672:Keeper of the Register
286:
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154:44.38917°N 100.39111°W
1151:Forts in South Dakota
687:National Park Service
667:Contributing property
615:at Wikimedia Commons
544:National Park Service
460:in 1976 and became a
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1161:American Fur Company
613:Fort Pierre Chouteau
384:Pierre Chouteau, Jr.
376:American Fur Company
368:Columbia Fur Company
364:Hudson's Bay Company
314:Columbia Fur Company
295:American Fur Company
222:Pierre Chouteau, Jr.
206:Fort Pierre Chouteau
159:44.38917; -100.39111
388:St. Louis, Missouri
226:St. Louis, Missouri
196:Designated NHL
150: /
423:United States Army
341:Louisiana Purchase
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247:, were declared a
61:Fields at the site
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677:Historic district
611:Media related to
546:. April 15, 2008.
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451:Archaeological
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515:on 2009-06-14
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429:After closure
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406:Plains Indian
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310:Fort Tecumseh
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199:July 17, 1991
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191:April 3, 1976
190:
188:Added to NRHP
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653:South Dakota
605:
588:. Retrieved
537:
528:
517:. Retrieved
513:the original
508:
455:
447:homesteading
432:
418:Fort Randall
414:
398:
391:
374:through his
361:
334:
326:La Vérendrye
323:
307:
299:Fort Laramie
288:
283:Alfred Sully
278:
266:Painting by
263:
233:Great Plains
230:
218:South Dakota
209:
208:, also just
205:
204:
123:Nearest city
1060:Other lists
776:Charles Mix
441:. When the
435:reservation
393:Yellowstone
268:Karl Bodmer
245:Fort Pierre
210:Fort Pierre
157: /
145:100°23′28″W
133:Coordinates
1125:Categories
981:Pennington
886:Hutchinson
836:Fall River
590:2017-05-15
519:2008-06-14
486:References
404:and other
330:New France
142:44°23′21″N
966:Minnehaha
946:McPherson
911:Kingsbury
791:Codington
746:Brookings
741:Bon Homme
251:in 1991.
1090:Category
1041:Walworth
956:Mellette
936:Marshall
921:Lawrence
771:Campbell
717:Lists by
469:See also
357:Michigan
177:76001756
1051:Ziebach
1046:Yankton
1011:Stanley
1001:Sanborn
996:Roberts
986:Perkins
926:Lincoln
901:Jerauld
896:Jackson
876:Harding
851:Gregory
831:Edmunds
826:Douglas
806:Davison
761:Buffalo
736:Bennett
320:History
303:Wyoming
255:Setting
237:buffalo
1031:Turner
991:Potter
941:McCook
881:Hughes
871:Hanson
861:Hamlin
856:Haakon
801:Custer
796:Corson
731:Beadle
726:Aurora
719:county
660:Topics
1036:Union
1026:Tripp
1016:Sully
1006:Spink
971:Moody
961:Miner
951:Meade
931:Lyman
906:Jones
846:Grant
841:Faulk
821:Dewey
816:Deuel
781:Clark
766:Butte
756:Brule
751:Brown
402:Sioux
349:Métis
1100:List
1021:Todd
916:Lake
891:Hyde
866:Hand
786:Clay
382:and
811:Day
651:in
386:of
332:.
305:.
291:Bad
224:of
172:No.
1127::
575:^
552:^
542:.
536:.
507:.
494:^
355:,
641:e
634:t
627:v
593:.
522:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
