139:, it was decided that a fort system was no longer the best strategy to maintain order in the colonial empire. Defense strategy was changed from centered defense strategy into territorial defense strategy, where instead of staying in a fort, the cavalry and artillery were placed on a more open area at the periphery. Barracks were built around the city, such as the barracks for the cavalries in Kestalan and the barracks for the artillery soldiers in Stabelan. Another military strategy introduced by Daendels was the construction of roads to enable mobility for the soldiers. Strategic points in the city were connected with new roads: the road in front of Fort Vastenburg connected it with the forts in
179:
the west of the fort. Several attempts have been made by the city government of
Surakarta to take over the fort for public use. The Fort was named a cultural site protected in bylaw No. 1/2012 on Cultural Preservation. The city also created a bylaw, precluding seven of the land owners of Fort Vastenburg from extending their land use permits. The other two holders had extended the land permit use until 2032. Various events have been held in Fort Vastenburg since 2013, such as the Solo Carnival, Grand Gamelan Concert, Solo City Jazz Festival, Solo International Performing Arts, Solo Culinary Festival, Imlek Festival, Solo 24-hour Dance and Solo Kampoeng Arts.
55:
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170:, Fort Vastenburg was used by the National Army to maintain independence. From 1970s to 1980s Fort Vastenburg was used as a training ground for the Army Strategic Reserve Command (Kostrad), which acted as the RI Defense and Security Agency. Buildings inside the site were divided into residences for the member of the army and their family. From this time, the fort fell into disrepair. This is kept this way until 1986.
159:. The resident's house was moved out of the fort, although still in close proximity. The Europeans did not stay in the fort any longer, but around the fort, forming a new European styled community complete with its facility such as Societeit. This European settlement can still be seen especially around the vicinity of Fort Vastenburg.
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There are several attempts of reusing the land around the fort. In
November 2008, one of the owner of the fort decided to build a thirteen floored hotel and a shopping mall on top of the fort. This caused protests from the public. As of 2015, a new Bank building owned by Danamon has been set up to
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Fort
Vastenburg was further improved between 1772 and 1788. In the 19th century, the interior of the fort contains a number of military buildings surrounding a central courtyard. The buildings include residence for the member of the military (e.g. the Commander, the Captain, and the Lieutenant), a
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Fort
Vastenburg is a square shaped fort with four bastions. It is surrounded by 6 meter high bearing wall and dry moat. Three portals providing entrance to the fort from the east, west, and north. A draw bridge used to provide access point to the fort's western main portal, however this has been
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42:, Indonesia. A landmark of Surakarta, the fort faces polemics related with multiple owners claiming different parts of the fort. As a result, the fort remains abandoned and threatened to be demolished by various private parties claiming the fort's ownership.
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There are differing opinions about the construction date of Fort
Vastenburg. Most agreed that Fort Vastenburg was constructed in 1743 and was completed in 1745, following the order of
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128:— establishing a second royal court in the city. This weakened the city's sense of integrity, and so Fort Vastenburg have the possible conflict between royalties checked.
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was different with Fort
Vastenburg. In this claim, construction of Fort Vastenburg was started in 1755 and completed in 1779, replacing a trading post
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The main function of the fort was to house the resident (colonial administrator) and the Dutch East Indies garrison for the region of
108:. The fort maintained order in Surakarta, especially between the royalties. Unlike the relatively united Yogyakarta royal court, the
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403:(in Indonesian). Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Jawa Tengah. September 2, 2015. Archived from
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78:("magnanimity"), later the fort name was renamed to Vastenburg ("steadfast") (1750).
381:. Routledge Contemporary Southeast Asia Series. Vol. 59. New York: Routledge.
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291:"Studi Tentang Lokasi Benteng-Benteng di Surakarta (1672, 1743, 1756, 1832)"
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period, Fort
Vastenburg was used by the Bala Dai Nippon army. After the
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399:[The beginning of an interaction, Fort Vastenburg].
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101:(VOC) to maintain security in the Javanese trade network.
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Installations of the Royal
Netherlands East Indies Army
297:(in Indonesian) (5). Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana.
293:[Study on the location of Surakarta's Forts].
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34:, is an 18th-century Dutch fort located in Gladak,
116:faced a local rebellion from his royal relative
349:"Surakarta tries to take over Vastenburg fort"
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397:"Awal Sebuah Interaksi, Benteng Vastenburg"
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135:During the French-influenced government of
483:Buildings and structures completed in 1745
322:Kusumasari Ayuningtyas (March 17, 2012).
463:Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia
488:1745 establishments in the Dutch Empire
347:Kusumasari Ayuningtyas (June 6, 2014).
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89:which was constructed in 1743 close to
359:from the original on November 19, 2015
334:from the original on November 19, 2015
478:Buildings and structures in Surakarta
378:Adolescents in Contemporary Indonesia
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16:18th-century Dutch fort in Indonesia
246:Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan 2015
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324:"Vastenburg Fortress to undergo"
132:military hospital, a drugstore.
81:There is another claim that the
30:(Dutch "Fort Steadfast"), also
401:Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan
1:
289:Bimo Hernowo (May 17, 2015).
23:Fort Vastenburg in Surakarta
273:Kusumasari Ayuningtyas 2012
258:Kusumasari Ayuningtyas 2014
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303:10.13140/RG.2.1.2280.2085
295:Atrium: Jurnal Arsitektur
168:independence of Indonesia
99:Dutch East Indies Company
473:Dutch forts in Indonesia
174:Issue of multiple owners
112:was fractious. By 1757,
439:7.572058°S 110.831276°E
234:Parker & Nilan 2013
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444:-7.572058; 110.831276
375:; Nilan, Pam (2013).
110:Sunanate of Surakarta
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309:on November 18, 2015
126:Kraton Mangkunegaran
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164:Japanese Occupation
122:Treaty of Salatiga
120:. Under the Dutch
87:de Grootmoedigheid
83:de Grootmoedigheid
76:de Grootmoedigheid
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222:Bimo Hernowo 2015
210:Bimo Hernowo 2015
198:Bimo Hernowo 2015
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74:. First named
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409:. Retrieved
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361:. Retrieved
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336:. Retrieved
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311:. Retrieved
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106:Central Java
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91:Bandar Beton
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51:demolished.
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40:Central Java
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430:110°49′53″E
373:Parker, Lyn
355:. Jakarta.
330:. Jakarta.
282:Works cited
162:During the
46:Description
457:Categories
183:References
427:7°34′19″S
141:Kartasura
36:Surakarta
357:Archived
332:Archived
157:Semarang
149:Salatiga
145:Boyolali
137:Daendels
153:Ungaran
63:History
385:
93:near
413:2015
383:ISBN
365:2015
340:2015
315:2015
155:and
299:doi
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