243:
more than 50% Forward castes population, which means the number of seats secured by
Forward castes will not be equal to their population proportion even if they secure 100% seats in open competition in central government institutions of these states. Central government, however, excluded 27% reservations to Other Backward class to the areas with high tribal populations.
192:
The oversight committee in its final report has indicated that forward castes are placed better than backward castes in some indicators and are comparable with backward castes concerning some few indicators and that backward castes are superior in some parameters like health indicators in states like
91:
As of 2007, forward castes had to compete only in the open category, as they are considered socially, educationally, and economically advanced. The open category seats can be competed and filled by any section of the society irrespective of the caste. Due to rigorous demand and the relative financial
222:
by a 3:2 verdict in the Janhit
Abhiyan vs Union Of India Writ Petition (Civil) No(S). 55 OF 2019, upheld the validity of the 103rd constitutional amendment carried out to provide legal sanction to carve out a 10% reservation for the economically weaker sections from unreserved classes for admission
199:
The provisional report of the
National Sample Survey Organisation (2004β05) states that buying capacities of backward castes in rural and urban areas are comparable to forward castes. It also revises the backward castes figure as 41%. It states that landownership of backward castes are comparable to
808:
The
National The Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) report released on Tuesday reveals that the OBC population has increased from 35.8 per cent in 1999 to 41 per cent in 2004-05. The survey brings out that the OBCs have a buying capacity almost equal to that of the forward communities and more than
242:
Many states do not have 27% of Other
Backward class population, as per national sample surveys. (This includes major Indian states like Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Punjab, West Bengal). Some Indian states like Assam , Goa , Haryana , Himachal Pradesh , Uttarakhand , have
203:
The national surveys used rural landholding pattern to assess wealthiness of various social groups. Its findings indicate that OBC and FC are comparable and there is a very small difference between them. There is a big difference between OBC/FC and SC. Even
Scheduled Tribes are placed better than
104:
Before 2019, forward castes were only allowed to compete for seats in the unreserved category in educational institutions and central government jobs, regardless of their educational/economical status in society. A significant percentage of the forward caste lives below the poverty line, and more
178:
In Tamil Nadu forward castes have secured around 1.9% of the seats in medical colleges in 2004 and 2.68% of the seats in 2005, against their population percentage of 13%. This trend of poor representation has continued for the last 10 years as claimed by lawyers in one of the reservation cases,
223:
in educational institutions and government jobs and held that the 50% cap on quota is not inviolable and affirmative action on economic basis may go a long way in eradicating caste-based reservation. This constitutional amendment pushed the total reservation to 59.50% in central institutions.
165:
State and central governments have not released adequate data regarding the representation of various communities in their services and admissions to educational institutions. Most of the private companies in India do not collect data regarding the community of their employees.
69:. They can avail defined quotas amongst other benefits for education, special government schemes, government employment and political representation. The lists of Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward class are compiled irrespective of religion.
170:
45:
which are not listed in SC, ST or OBC reservation lists. They are on average considered ahead of other castes economically and educationally. They account for about 30.8% of the population based on
Schedule 10 of available data from the
238:
During April 2006, India's Human
Resource Minister announced that 27% seats will be reserved exclusively for candidates from Other Backward class in addition to existing 22.5% reservation for Scheduled castes and Scheduled Tribes.
1346:
105:
than 30% of the members of this community are illiterate. To meet their aspirations, demands have been raised for providing separate reservations for the poor among forward caste populations. Many political parties like
431:
182:
The
Narendra committee report in Kerala has pointed out that forward castes representation in public services and PSU units is around 36 to 38%, which is more or less equal to their population percentage.
151:
2004: A task force has been set up to determine modalities for providing reservations to the poor among forward castes. No information available regarding a report submitted by this task force.
92:
weakness of the people of the
General category, the Government of India introduced 10% as EWS quota for them, which makes their total reservation to 10%. However, in certain states, such as
196:
The national survey 99-00 indicates that forward castes are better placed than SC/ST in almost all parameters. In rural unemployment, forward castes score worse than all other communities.
1018:
859:
919:
1130:
993:
834:
428:
899:
1418:
204:
Scheduled castes. Experts who analysed the national survey results point out that other backward castes are near average in many parameters. Please see the chart.
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SC's and ST's. In rural India, as many as eight per cent of OBCs spends Rs 1,100 or more every month as compared to 11 per cent of the forward communities.
173:
Rural landholding pattern of various social groups calculated by National Sample Survey 99-00 indicate that OBC and forward castes are comparable in wealth
142:
148:
2003: BJP government appointed a group of ministers for suggesting measures for implementation of separate reservation for the poor among forward castes.
145:
case that separate reservation for poor among forward castes is invalid. Government has withdrawn separate reservation as per supreme court judgement.
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because other communities are very competitive and secure seats in general quote because of education has reached beyond forward communities.
1257:
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58:
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215:(EWS) in the forward castes. The cabinet decided that this would be over and above the existing 50% reservation for SC/ST/OBC categories.
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approved 10% reservation for the forward castes in government jobs and educational institutions. This group is classified as the
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forward castes. It reiterates its earlier finding (in 99-00 survey) that forward castes are poorly employed (more unemployment).
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General caste is an informal relative term which may refer to a caste which is not listed in the SC, ST or OBC lists.
72:
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254:(EWS). The cabinet decided that this would be over and above the existing 50% reservation for SC/ST/OBC categories.
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1991: Congress government headed by Narasimha Rao introduced 10% separate reservation for poor among forward castes.
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1403:
638:
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2006: Congress government appointed commission to study separate reservation for economically backward class.
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earmarked 12% of the seats in private professional colleges for the economically poor among forward castes.
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have supported proposals for providing a separate reservation for the poor among the forward castes.
118:
62:
755:
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994:"Union Cabinet approves 10% reservation for economically weak among upper caste - Times of India"
904:
835:"Union Cabinet approves 10% reservation for economically weak among upper caste - Times of India"
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639:"The Hindu Business Line: Jobs for economically backward classes: 4-member commission set up"
185:
The Karnataka minister in the state Assembly has announced that the per capita income of the
1186:
735:"League locks horns with upper castes, The Milli Gazette, Vol.5 No.15, MG109 (1-15 Aug 04)"
720:
1115:
886:"Quotas for poor among 'forward castes' upheld: Here's the case and what the SC has ruled"
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is less than that of all communities including scheduled castes and scheduled tribes.
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approved a 10% reservation in government jobs and educational institutions for the
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among forward castes were later granted less than 10% reservation by government.
1377:
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Tamil Nadu's quota stir an assertion of its 69 percent? (NEWS ANALYSIS) - India
169:
1387:
1176:
93:
17:
775:
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924:
664:
920:"Reservation policy cannot stay for indefinite period, says Supreme Court"
1294:
186:
1289:
1247:
1155:
900:"Supreme Court upholds EWS quota in 3-2 split verdict, CJI in minority"
291:
The Study of the Impact of Early Life Conditions on Later Life Events
158:
603:"The Hindu : GoM to study quota for poor among forward castes"
1252:
1085:
168:
42:
38:
1040:
57:
Those groups that qualify for reservation benefits are listed as
1044:
532:. 14 August 2003. Archived from the original on 17 March 2004.
1019:"Plea in SC challenges 10% quota to poor in general category"
860:"Plea in SC challenges 10% quota to poor in general category"
692:"The Kerala Professional Colleges Bill And Social Justice"
660:"Commission for economically backward classes constituted"
100:
Reservation for economically backward among forward castes
398:
Social Development and Demographic Changes in South India
364:
Social Development and Demographic Changes in South India
940:"Quota for OBCs: "No escape for Government""
559:"Will Modi's quota meet same fate as Narasimha Rao's?"
1429:
1396:
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1339:
1303:
1240:
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1078:
27:
Indian government term for non-disadvantaged castes
713:"TN Act on reservation under 9th schedule illegal"
526:"Cong. for 'quota' for poor among forward castes"
605:. Archived from the original on October 21, 2003
492:. Archived from the original on March 11, 2007
193:Assam, Maharashtra, Haryana, West Bengal, etc.
1056:
972:"Reserve 27% seats for OBCs in 3 years: Bill"
8:
486:"Paswan for quota for economically backward"
307:"Hierarchy, difference and the caste system"
143:Indra Sawhney & Others v. Union of India
96:, the reservation percentage is around 69%.
1063:
1049:
1041:
141:1992: The Supreme Court has ruled in the
1331:National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
1326:National Commission for Scheduled Castes
1321:National Commission for Backward Classes
776:FINAL OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE -3.10.2006.doc
447:Laloo bats for upper caste reservations
280:
616:
584:
574:
535:
503:
1258:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
59:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
7:
1437:2011 Socio Economic and Caste Census
788:"OBC population has increased: NSSO"
294:. Rozenberg publishers. p. 119.
54:61st Rounds (2004β05) Round Survey.
756:"Are Brahmins the Dalits of today?"
228:Shrinking educational opportunities
52:National Sample Survey Organisation
48:National Sample Survey Organisation
1202:2006 Dalit protests in Maharashtra
1182:Mandal Commission protests of 1990
1126:Court Cases related to Reservation
824:, Business Standard, 14 June 2013.
798:from the original on 21 March 2007
157:2006: The Communist government in
123:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
25:
719:. 31 October 2006. Archived from
334:Girukamukkalla Savaraiah (1988).
1136:Reservation policy in Tamil Nadu
269:Socio Economic Caste Census 2011
246:However, on 7 January 2019, the
1101:Caste-related violence in India
87:Economic and educational status
1192:2006 anti-reservation protests
822:OBC: the Oh, so average Indian
395:Balakrishnan Nair, V. (1994).
361:Balakrishnan Nair, V. (1994).
264:List of Other Backward Classes
1:
1442:2022 Bihar caste-based survey
1111:Vandalism of Ambedkar statues
468:, ExpressIndia, 17 May 2006.
948:. 2006-04-08. Archived from
668:. 2006-07-25. Archived from
449:, ExpressIndia, 5 May 2006.
1106:Economically Weaker Section
466:Left strikes a masterstroke
309:. In Dipankar Gupta (ed.).
252:Economically Weaker Section
213:Economically Weaker Section
73:Economically Weaker Section
67:Economically Weaker Section
1479:
1197:1996 Bathani Tola Massacre
313:. SAGE. pp. 130β131.
248:Union Council of Ministers
231:
209:Union Council of Ministers
1383:Republican Party of India
623:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
557:Bureau, The Rediff News.
542:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
510:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
340:. Daya Publishing House.
305:Gaurang R. Sahay (2004).
1430:Caste Census and Surveys
207:On 7 January 2019, the
1227:Bhima Koregaon protests
1146:Dalit Buddhist movement
1096:Caste politics in India
453:March 12, 2007, at the
1414:Other Backward Classes
1264:Other Backward Classes
1131:IIT reservation policy
337:Rural Banking in India
220:Supreme Court of India
174:
1222:Maratha Kranti Morcha
1207:2008 Gurjar agitation
1141:Self-Respect Movement
1091:Caste system in India
1079:Caste and reservation
172:
50:55th (1999β2000) and
1463:Reservation in India
1419:Including Muslim OBC
1121:Reservation in India
218:On 7 November 2022,
63:Other backward class
37:) is a term used in
1363:Bahujan Samaj Party
1311:Kalelkar Commission
1232:April 2018 protests
794:. 31 October 2006.
127:Bahujan Samaj Party
119:Rastriya Janata Dal
1275:Affirmative action
1023:The Economic Times
998:The Times of India
905:The Times of India
864:The Economic Times
839:The Times of India
587:has generic name (
472:2007-03-11 at the
234:Affirmative action
175:
1450:
1449:
1316:Mandal Commission
1212:Patidar agitation
1025:. 22 January 2019
866:. 22 January 2019
820:Surjit S Bhalla,
311:Caste in Question
16:(Redirected from
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1409:Scheduled Tribes
1404:Scheduled Castes
1187:Namantar Andolan
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1177:Poona Pact
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844:25 January
802:9 November
568:2021-11-21
275:References
232:See also:
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945:The Hindu
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