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Square Post Office (1927), Havercamp and Dirk's
Grocery (1905), Koehring & Son Warehouse (1900), the Fountain Square branch of the Standard Grocery Company (1927), the Frank E. Reeser Company (1904), Wiese-Wenzel Pharmacy (1905), the Sommer-Roempke Bakery (1909), the Fountain Square Hardware Company (1912), Horuff & Son Shoe Store (1911), Jessie Hartman Milliners (1908), the William H. and Fiora Young Redman Wallpaper and Interior Design business (1923), the Charles F. Iske Furniture Store (1910), The Fountain Block Commercial Building (1902), and the
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593:, who had moved to the city by the lure of the war industries that were operating in Indianapolis. At that time, the majority of the population belonged to the white working-class, without a college education. By 1950, Fountain Square's population had peaked to an estimated 27,242. At this time, Fountain Square was considered "downtown" for the southside areas of the city, offering multiple entertainment venues, a wide range of retail, shopping, church, and social centers.
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local barber and former city bowling champion, helped spur the transformation of
Fountain Square through his purchase and subsequent restoration of the mostly vacant Fountain Square Theatre building, which up until that point housed a furniture store. With his investment, the neighborhood benefited greatly, with reinvestment efforts that have continued up to this day. In 1999, Indianapolis recognized Fountain Square as one of the city's six cultural districts.
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493:, a banker, farmer and Indiana state senator, purchased a 264-acre (107 ha) farm with Nicholas McCarty, with the intent to "sell the small parcels for a 'handsome advance'". While the early settlement was sparsely populated and primarily residential, the areas surrounding modern-day Fountain Square saw an influx of immigrants, particularly the
800:
district designations, its proximity to downtown, and ease of access from the interstates. Upgrades to the neighborhood's streetscape, building rehabilitation, the construction of additional public spaces, and the placement of directional signs that visually define
Fountain Square have also contributed to this process.
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one developed and dominated by German-American immigrants, merchants, and entrepreneurs, who established a strong German character on the city's southside. From the 1920s to the 1950s, Fountain Square was the city's main entertainment district, with as many as seven theaters in operation at one point in time.
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The designation of
Fountain Square as one of Indianapolis's cultural districts has contributed to the neighborhood's rebirth. Additional factors that have helped to cement the neighborhood's revitalization efforts are its compact and walkable streetscapes, unique building architecture, three historic
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interchanges from 1968 to 1971 had a negative effect on
Fountain Square's population totals, as many of the neighborhood's multi-level flats and apartments were cleared to make way for the highway. In all, over 17,000 residents were displaced from the downtown areas, 6,000 of which came from Fountain
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Fountain Square is the first commercial historic district in
Indiana, and it is the only portion of the city outside the initial mile square that has continually operated as a recognized commercial area since the 1870s. Its significance is not only as an early commercial district, but additionally as
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However, the next decade saw the beginning of
Fountain Square's demise, as newer more modern developments further south took over Fountain Square's role as the southside's commercial district. The closing of all of the theaters exacerbated its economic and cultural demise. Symbolically, the fountain
552:
Near the turn of the 20th century, Fountain Square saw an influx of many
Eastern and Southern European immigrants moving into the neighborhood. Fountain Square enjoyed continued growth as the southside's primary commercial district. The opening of the Fountain Square State Bank (1909), the Fountain
825:
Demographic data for the neighborhood reveals a 72 percent increase of average home values from $ 47,000 in 2000 to $ 81,000 in 2013. During that same time period, average rent prices have increased 82 percent, from $ 439 to $ 798. The number of residents with college education has also increased,
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In the 1990s, several neighborhood community organizations joined efforts to revitalize
Fountain Square's former commercial center, resulting in the opening of several new restaurants, art galleries, retail and office places, and live entertainment venues. In 1993, local resident Linton Calvert, a
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eight times from 1870 to 1873. By 1880, single-family houses made up most of the lots off
Virginia Avenue, although they were to be replaced by larger, commercial buildings in the following years. In 1889, the first fountain was constructed, giving Fountain Square its name. It was placed because a
416:
After the construction of the interstate through Indianapolis, a portion of Fountain Square was demolished, with the remaining neighborhood disconnected from the surrounding areas. After decades of population decline, the neighborhood is estimated to have 9,839 inhabitants. Historic preservation
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Between 1980 and 1982, more than $ 3 million was invested in Fountain Square. In 1983, three historic districts within Fountain Square were placed on the National Register of Historic Places, spurring a wave of corporate support, city grants, and private donations. In 1984, the neighborhood was
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In effect, this had cut Fountain Square's inhabitants off from downtown's social services and the adjacent neighborhoods, further exacerbating its population decline. By 1970, its population was an estimated 19,736, a decline of over 24 percent compared to the previous decade. At that time, the
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Although Fountain Square is not officially delineated, the Fountain Square Neighborhood Association's service area is bounded to the north by the railroad tracks north of Deloss Street, to the east by State Street, to the south by Pleasant Run Parkway, and to the west by
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efforts began in the late 1990s, and the neighborhood slowly re-emerged as a vibrant commercial center. Today, Fountain Square is widely considered to be Indianapolis's newest trendy neighborhood, with an eclectic mix of retro architecture and modern, urban design.
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counts, there are not any accurate population totals for the neighborhood. The neighborhood's population peaked at an estimated 27,242 in 1950; however, the population dropped dramatically since then, and current estimates have placed that number at around 9,839.
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One of the first trading centers outside of the Mile Squareâsome South Siders say the very firstâdeveloped here. The sons of merchants who were "on the fountain" before World War I maintain the family business, serving a new generation of families 'by the
830:, as the average family income has increased 47 percent from 2010 to 2016. Accordingly, the neighborhood's property values have increased, and the number of young professionals moving into the neighborhood has continued to climb.
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placed on the Indianapolis Historic Preservation Commission's list of adopted districts to focus on area rehabilitation. By 1990, the population had dropped to 13,903, including a minority population of about 6.66 percent.
512:, which was the only black regiment formed in Indiana, trained at a wooded area at Indianapolis's Camp Fremont, on land owned by Calvin Fletcher. It included 518 enlisted men who signed on for three years of service.
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settling in the area, which helped to develop Fountain Square's distinctly German character. By 1870, Virginia Avenue was a bustling part of Indianapolis. Due to the rapid growth in population, the area was
870:, which was opened in Summer 2019. Projected to carry 11,000 daily passengers, the Red Line is a 13.5-mile (21.7 km) northâsouth transit line that connects the neighborhood with downtown and the
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The Cultural Trail âhealed the cutâ that I-65/70âs construction introduced, linking Fountain Square to downtown and other cultural districts and prioritizes landscape/ streetscape design elements.
1916:
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minority population had risen to 6 percent. For the next few decades, Fountain Square's population continued to decline, to 15,941 in 1980âa drop of almost 20 percent as compared to 1970 levels.
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in 1983. The neighborhood derives its name from the successive fountains that have been prominently featured at the intersection of Virginia Avenue, East Prospect Street, and Shelby Street.
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Fountain Square played an important role in the history and development of the city's transportation. Historically, it was the last stop on Indianapolis's Virginia Avenue streetcar line.
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and its multiple railroad lines had cut the area off from the downtown district. With the location of the streetcar turnaround, local residents nicknamed the neighborhood as "The End".
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to the northwest, and Holy Cross neighborhood to the north. Within its boundaries, it houses the Laurel and Prospect, State and Prospect, and the Virginia Avenue historic districts.
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Following years of growth and expansion, the neighborhood's population reached an estimated 26,285 by 1930. During World War II, Fountain Square experienced an influx of
1044:, a cable TV series that features a mother and daughter who focus on revitalizing and rehabbing homes in the Fountain Square, BatesâHendricks, and other neighborhoods.
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The years following Fletcher's death saw rapid commercial growth for the neighborhood, beginning in the 1870s. This development is attributed to the large number of
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enabled many Americans to leave their industrial cities for new housing and shopping options in the suburbs. In particular, the construction of the I-65 and
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from which Fountain Square received its name was removed in 1954 due to traffic concerns, to be returned in 1969 during a wave of revitalization efforts.
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group of businessmen thought that "if they built a fountain, then maybe the farmers would stop and do business while they watered their animals."
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During the 1960s, Indianapolis, along with the rest of the United States, experienced a great amount of societal upheaval, exacerbated by
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Fountain Square bases a portion its street pattern due to a continuation of the diagonal Virginia Avenue, which came about from the 1821
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Postcard of the early 20th century depicting Fountain Square's streetcar rails, prior to the construction of the Fountain Square Theatre
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celebration brought huge crowds into the neighborhood from all over the city to watch the parade and witness the festivities in nearby
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although poverty rates also increased and average income has declined. Recently, Fountain Square has witnessed the effects of
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Public Policy Institute report on the Cultural Trail estimated a $ 1 billion increase in property values along the route.
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down to the intersection of Virginia Avenue with Shelby and Prospect Streets, since the construction of the city's
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During the 1860s, the Virginia Avenue corridor began to emerge as the southside's commercial district. During the
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1146:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Fountain Square Commercial Historic District"
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was signed on October 3, 1818, the Delaware ceded their lands in Indiana, which included a camp site at
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The intersection of Virginia Avenue, Prospect, and Dillon (now Shelby) Streets in Indianapolis in 1876
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754:, among two others located within Fountain Square, was recognized as a historic district in 1983.
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Prior to the arrival of Fountain Square's modern-day inhabitants, the area was inhabited by the
497:, who settled near the railroad tracks on South Street. Eventually, this area became known as "
478:, near Fountain Square's modern-day southern boundary. By 1820, the Delaware people were gone.
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2160:"The Bus Network Redesign in Indianapolis Will Be Like Launching a Brand New Transit System"
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The neighborhood has been the scene of several home renovations on the television series
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936:, Indianapolis's last automobile parts factory, listed as a historic building in 2004
1130:. Department of Natural Resources, Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology
1125:"Indiana State Historic Architectural and Archaeological Research Database (SHAARD)"
2190:
942:, a 8.1-mile (13.0 km) multi-use trail connecting the neighborhood to downtown
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930:, which houses local artists, a concert and events venue, and several restaurants
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2011:
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Fountain Square Theatre Building and the Lady Spray Fountain in the foreground.
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A revitalized building on Prospect Street now houses a local Greek restaurant.
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Mary Toshach; Mary Ellen Gadski; James Reed; Cecelia Boggs (February 1983).
924:, which opened in 1928 as a 1,500 seat motion picture and vaudeville theater
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Plan for the new city of Indianapolis. The neighborhood is bordered upon by
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commercial district. The neighborhood is also connected to downtown by the
466:, who settled there after they were pushed out of their homeland along the
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1330:"10 Reasons Fountain Square Would Be My Next Indianapolis NeighborhoodâŚ"
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Fountain Square is home to several notable landmarks and attractions:
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2186:"Why Indianapolis is a test case for a fairer form of gentrification"
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Square itself, totaling 25 percent of the neighborhood's population.
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948:, an urban park overlooking the I-65 and I-70 highway interchange
918:, a historic district encompassing 43 buildings and one structure
912:, a historic district encompassing eight buildings and one object
576:â Gene Gladson, Indianapolis Theatres from A to Z, 1976
16:
Neighborhood and cultural district in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
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Indiana Historical Society - Indianapolis Water Works Collection
532:
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878:, which is a multi-use trail that was inaugurated in 2013. An
1371:. Indianapolis Historic Preservation Commission. January 1984
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In 1864, the Citizen's Street Railway Company extended their
1917:
Crabgrass frontier: The suburbanization of the United States
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Because Fountain Square has not been delineated in past
1983:"City of Indianapolis Neighborhood Investment Strategy"
389:, Fountain Square is home to three designated national
889:â Southeast Neighborhood Development Corporation
430:. It is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of
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1488:"Fountain Square Neighborhood, Timeline: 1820-1997"
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Indianapolis Cultural District in the United States
906:, a historic district encompassing three buildings
1366:"Historic Area Preservation Plan Fountain Square"
1034:Fountain Square is one of the main settings for
2104:"Indy Streetcar Comprehensive Project Proposal"
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1328:Browne, Tiffany Benedict (November 26, 2011).
1272:"7 things you'll only find in Fountain Square"
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8:
2266:"The Idle: An oasis in the midst of traffic"
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934:WheelerâSchebler Carburetor Company Building
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405:districts, all of which were listed on the
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1799:"The Old Fashioned Way at Fountain Square"
1715:. Indiana Historical Society. p. 56.
1610:Conner Prairie Interpreter Resource Manual
1422:Bodenhamer, David J. (November 22, 1994).
641:
21:
1428:. Indiana University Press. p. 597.
1298:
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1241:NPGallery Digital Asset Management System
557:(1929), are examples of this phenomenon.
2134:"Report: State of Downtown Indy Healthy"
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1212:"Historic & Conservation Districts"
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859:Today, Fountain Square is connected to
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2322:Fountain Fletcher District Association
2132:McLaughlin, Merritt (April 25, 2019).
1527:Eastside Indianapolis: A Brief History
1181:"National Register Information System"
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560:In the early 1900s, Fountain Square's
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1584:Local Initiatives Support Corporation
1237:"Fountain Square Commercial Areas TR"
1012:WheelerâSchebler Carburetor Co., 1911
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2610:Populated places established in 1835
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1186:National Register of Historic Places
407:National Register of Historic Places
1772:"Virginia Avenue Historic District"
1685:. Indianapolis Monthly. p. 130
1604:Vanderstel, Phd., David G. (1985).
1577:"The Many Sides of Fountain Square"
1575:Anne Gadwa Nicodemus; Rachel Engh.
1270:Davis, Victoria T. (July 7, 2017).
1091:
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1087:
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1712:Indianapolis: A City of Immigrants
1024:New development in Fountain Square
385:. Located just outside the city's
14:
2293:"First Look: HGTV's 'Good Bones'"
2264:Mhatre, Amol (October 13, 2019).
2158:Freemark, Yonah (July 11, 2017).
1304:"Homepage - Fountain Square Indy"
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2379:Canal and White River State Park
2327:Fountain Square Theatre Building
1857:Fountain Square Theatre Building
1425:The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis
1308:Fountain Square Theatre Building
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2089:"Neighborhood Change 1970-2016"
1955:"Flats Lost: I-65 Construction"
1826:Ryan, Jordan (August 3, 2013).
1681:Knight, Mike (September 1999).
2102:Brennan, Maher (Spring 2013).
1992:. December 6, 2017. p. 99
1953:Ryan, Jordan (June 15, 2013).
1828:"Flats Saved: Virginia Avenue"
510:28th Colored Infantry Regiment
34:Indianapolis Cultural District
1:
2600:Neighborhoods in Indianapolis
2595:Fountain Square, Indianapolis
2238:"Indianapolis Cultural Trail"
1606:"Native Americans in Indiana"
1524:Young, Julie (July 1, 2009).
1390:Fenneman, Kate (April 2001).
618:
373:) is one of seven designated
177:Show map of the United States
1853:"History of Fountain Square"
1159:and Accompanying photographs
904:Laurel and Prospect District
2363:Indianapolis Cultural Trail
2243:Indianapolis Cultural Trail
2017:Indianapolis Cultural Trail
940:Indianapolis Cultural Trail
910:State and Prospect District
876:Indianapolis Cultural Trail
752:State and Prospect District
299: ⢠Estimate
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2064:"Fountain Square, Indiana"
1398:. Emmis Communications: 30
762:after construction of the
358:Fountain Fletcher District
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2522:Prairie Modules 1 & 2
2043:Two Chicks & a Hammer
1959:Historic Indianapolis.com
1832:Historic Indianapolis.com
1650:"Fountain Square History"
1334:Historic Indianapolis.com
764:Interstate Highway System
728:
669:â
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31:
2558:Indiana Pacers Bikeshare
1709:Baer, M. Teresa (2012).
1654:Discover Fountain Square
916:Virginia Avenue District
852:stop under construction.
117:Show map of Indianapolis
2605:Culture of Indianapolis
2501:Looking Through Windows
1922:Oxford University Press
983:Fountain Square Theatre
922:Fountain Square Theatre
2447:White River State Park
2437:Richard G. Lugar Plaza
2138:Inside Indian Business
1530:. Arcadia Publishing.
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2111:Ball State University
1777:National Park Service
1245:National Park Service
1191:National Park Service
1128:(Searchable database)
968:G. C. Murphy Building
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470:watershed. After the
432:downtown Indianapolis
325: ⢠Summer (
206:39.75222°N 86.14000°W
2422:American Legion Mall
2213:"Murphy Arts Center"
1744:"28th Regiment USCT"
1396:Indianapolis Monthly
643:Historical estimates
583:Appalachian settlers
555:G. C. Murphy Company
517:mule-drawn streetcar
472:Treaty of St. Mary's
289:Frank Mascari (D-21)
285:Kristin Jones (D-17)
1912:Jackson, Kenneth T.
998:Laurel and Prospect
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395:Laurel and Prospect
287:Zach Adamson (D-17)
211:39.75222; -86.14000
202: /
147:Show map of Indiana
84:Anything but square
2371:Cultural districts
2039:"About Two Chicks"
1030:In popular culture
928:Murphy Arts Center
880:Indiana University
854:
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445:to the southwest,
399:State and Prospect
391:historic districts
375:cultural districts
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1883:"Fountain Square"
1807:. August 29, 1984
1277:RTV6 Indianapolis
1097:"Fountain Square"
1065:"Fountain Square"
1000:historic district
865:bus rapid transit
847:bus rapid transit
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528:German immigrants
387:downtown district
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617:Fountain Square
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540:Continued growth
458:Early settlement
369:(abbreviated as
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187:Coordinates:
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2529:Swarm Street
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2515:Poet's Place
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2301:. Retrieved
2296:
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2275:. Retrieved
2269:
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2247:. Retrieved
2241:
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2220:. Retrieved
2216:
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2195:. Retrieved
2191:The Guardian
2189:
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2167:. Retrieved
2163:
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2141:. Retrieved
2137:
2127:
2115:. Retrieved
2113:. p. 18
2097:
2083:
2071:. Retrieved
2067:
2058:
2048:20 September
2046:. Retrieved
2042:
2033:
2021:. Retrieved
2015:
2006:
1994:. Retrieved
1989:
1962:. Retrieved
1958:
1948:
1920:. New York:
1915:
1906:
1894:. Retrieved
1886:
1860:. Retrieved
1856:
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1835:. Retrieved
1831:
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1809:. Retrieved
1802:
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1687:. Retrieved
1657:. Retrieved
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1617:. Retrieved
1609:
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1587:. Retrieved
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1541:. Retrieved
1526:
1502:. Retrieved
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1439:. Retrieved
1424:
1400:. Retrieved
1395:
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1373:. Retrieved
1337:. Retrieved
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1311:. Retrieved
1307:
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1194:. Retrieved
1184:
1152:. Retrieved
1139:
1132:. Retrieved
1104:. Retrieved
1100:
1072:. Retrieved
1068:
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898:
872:Broad Ripple
858:
855:
824:
816:
813:Demographics
804:
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782:
773:
760:white flight
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741:
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476:Pleasant Run
461:
436:
424:
415:
411:
379:Indianapolis
370:
366:
365:
83:
81:Motto:
2466:Ann Dancing
2394:Market East
2303:February 4,
895:Attractions
622: 1950
281:Councillors
209: /
2589:Categories
2457:Public art
2277:7 February
2249:7 February
2222:7 February
2217:Deylen.com
2197:5 February
2169:5 February
2143:5 February
2117:5 February
2073:5 February
2023:5 February
1996:6 February
1964:5 February
1896:5 February
1862:5 February
1837:5 February
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1221:5 February
1196:7 February
1154:2016-08-01
1134:2016-08-01
1106:5 February
1074:5 February
1048:References
1041:Good Bones
806:Good Bones
573:fountain.'
499:Irish Hill
401:, and the
294:Population
274:Government
2404:Wholesale
2012:"History"
591:Tennessee
506:Civil War
489:In 1835,
421:Geography
308:Time zone
197:86°8â˛24âłW
194:39°45â˛8âłN
2442:The Idle
2399:Mass Ave
2271:CBS News
1990:indy.gov
1940:11785435
1914:(1985).
1804:IndyStar
1216:indy.gov
946:The Idle
868:Red Line
850:Red Line
729:Source:
587:Kentucky
342:Zip code
2575:Commons
2546:Related
953:Gallery
597:Decline
562:May Day
533:platted
453:History
439:Ralston
383:Indiana
353:Website
256:Settled
238:Indiana
223:Country
1938:
1928:
1748:in.gov
1719:
1534:
1432:
861:IndyGo
843:IndyGo
819:census
724:â29.2%
713:â12.8%
710:13,903
702:â19.2%
699:15,941
691:â27.6%
688:19,736
677:27,242
666:26,285
508:, the
397:, the
393:, the
250:Marion
245:County
2414:Parks
2107:(PDF)
1986:(PDF)
1891:IUPUI
1580:(PDF)
1499:IUPUI
1491:(PDF)
1369:(PDF)
1149:(PDF)
1140:Note:
1101:Niche
735:IUPUI
721:9,839
718:2020
707:1990
696:1980
685:1970
680:+3.6%
674:1950
663:1930
495:Irish
347:46203
336:(EDT)
334:UTC-4
313:UTC-5
302:9,839
233:State
2305:2020
2297:HGTV
2279:2020
2251:2020
2224:2020
2199:2020
2171:2020
2145:2020
2119:2020
2075:2020
2050:2021
2025:2020
1998:2020
1966:2020
1936:OCLC
1926:ISBN
1898:2020
1864:2020
1839:2020
1813:2020
1785:2020
1755:2020
1730:2020
1717:ISBN
1691:2020
1661:2020
1621:2020
1591:2020
1545:2020
1532:ISBN
1506:2020
1443:2020
1430:ISBN
1404:2020
1377:2020
1341:2020
1315:2020
1285:2020
1252:2020
1223:2020
1198:2020
1108:2020
1076:2020
1036:HGTV
966:The
768:I-70
750:The
652:Pop.
648:Year
589:and
428:I-65
269:1983
259:1835
72:Logo
62:Flag
1038:'s
863:'s
845:'s
501:".
377:in
371:FSQ
327:DST
2591::
2295:.
2268:.
2240:.
2215:.
2188:.
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2136:.
2109:.
2066:.
2041:.
2014:.
1988:.
1974:^
1957:.
1934:.
1924:.
1889:.
1885:.
1872:^
1855:.
1830:.
1801:.
1774:.
1763:^
1746:.
1699:^
1669:^
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