Knowledge (XXG)

Four Asian Tigers

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adopted mixed regimes that accommodated their own export industries. In Hong Kong and Singapore, due to small domestic markets, domestic prices were linked to international prices. South Korea and Taiwan introduced export incentives for the traded-goods sector. The governments of Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan also worked to promote specific exporting industries, which were termed as an export push strategy. All these policies helped these four nations to achieve a growth averaging 7.5% each year for three decades and as such they achieved
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playing a major role in the Asian economic miracle. The levels of education enrollment in the Four Asian Tigers were higher than predicted given their level of income. By 1965, all four nations had achieved universal primary education. South Korea in particular had achieved a secondary education enrollment rate of 88% by 1987. There was also a notable decrease in the gap between male and female enrollments during the Asian miracle. Overall these advances in education allowed for high levels of literacy and cognitive skills.
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and Singapore. The four countries were inspired by Japan's evident success, and they collectively pursued the same goal by investing in the same categories: infrastructure and education. They also benefited from foreign trade advantages that set them apart from other countries, most significantly economic support from the United States; part of this is manifested in the proliferation of American electronic products in common households of the Four Tigers.
515: 727: 526:, the growth of the Four Asian Tiger economies (commonly referred to as "the Asian Miracle") has been attributed to export oriented policies and strong development policies. Unique to these economies were the sustained rapid growth and high levels of equal income distribution. A World Bank report suggests two development policies among others as sources for the Asian miracle: factor accumulation and macroeconomic management. 2445: 6395: 5951: 5941: 2431: 2417: 882: 2367: 2347: 2337: 2307: 2277: 2267: 2257: 2247: 2237: 2227: 2217: 2207: 2197: 2187: 2177: 2162: 2152: 2132: 2122: 2112: 2102: 2072: 2062: 2017: 2007: 1997: 1987: 1957: 6407: 659:. The results suggest that in the case of Indonesia, Singapore, the Philippines, China and India financial development leads to economic growth, whereas in the case of Thailand there exists a bidirectional causality between these variables. The results further suggest that in the case of Malaysia, financial development does not seem to cause economic growth. 579:
Exchange rates in the Four Asian Tiger nations had been changed from long-term fixed rate regimes to fixed-but-adjustable rate regimes with the occasional steep devaluation of managed floating rate regimes. This active exchange rate management allowed the Four Tiger economies to avoid exchange rate appreciation and maintain a stable real exchange rate.
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and 589.39 billion US dollars respectively in 2018, which represented 0.428%, 0.426%, 1.911% and 0.696% of the world economy. Together, their combined economy surpassed the United Kingdom's GDP of 3.34% of the world's economy some time in the mid-2010s. In 2021, each of the Four Asian Tigers' GDP Per capita (nominal) exceeds $ 30,000 according to
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were set up and foreign investment was attracted to the country with tax incentives. Meanwhile, Taiwan and South Korea began to industrialize in the mid-1960s with heavy government involvement including initiatives and policies. Both countries pursued export-oriented industrialization as in Hong Kong
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In 2018, the combined economy of the Four Asian Tigers constituted 3.46% of the world's economy with a total Gross domestic product (GDP) of 2,932 billion US dollars. The GDP in Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan was worth 363.03 billion, 361.1 billion, 1,619.42 billion
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is said to have been compatible with industrialization because it valued stability, hard work, discipline, and loyalty and respect towards authority figures. There is a significant influence of Confucianism on the corporate and political institutions of the Asian Tigers. Prime Minister of Singapore
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in the four economies far exceeded other countries at similar levels of development. This subsequently led to a rapid growth in per capita income levels. While high investments were essential to their economic growth, the role of human capital was also important. Education in particular is cited as
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As the world recovered from the financial crisis, the Four Asian Tiger economies have also rebounded strongly. This is due in no small part to each country's government fiscal stimulus measures. These fiscal packages accounted for more than 4% of each country's GDP in 2009. Another reason for the
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average in the 1980s. External debt was non-existent for Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan, as they did not borrow from abroad. Although South Korea was the exception to this – its debt to GNP ratio was quite high during the period 1980–1985, it was sustained by the country's high level of exports.
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Dani Rodrik, economist at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, has in a number of studies argued that state intervention was important in the East Asian growth miracle. He has argued "it is impossible to understand the East Asian growth miracle without appreciating the
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Export policies have been the de facto reason for the rise of these Four Asian Tiger economies. The approach taken has been different among the four nations. Hong Kong, and Singapore introduced trade regimes that were neoliberal in nature and encouraged free trade, while South Korea and Taiwan
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These four countries focused on investing heavily in their infrastructure as well as education to benefit their country through skilled workers and higher level jobs such as engineers and doctors. The policy was generally successful and helped develop the countries into more
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The Hong Kong economy was the first out of the four to undergo industrialization with the development of a textile industry in the 1950s. By the 1960s, manufacturing in the British colony had expanded and diversified to include clothing, electronics, and plastics for
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as an alternative to the influence of Western culture in Asia. This theory was not without its critics. There was a lack of mainland Chinese economic success during the same time frame as the Four Tigers, and yet China was the birthplace of Confucianism. During the
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In 1996, the economist Joseph Stiglitz pointed out that, ironically, "not that long ago, the Confucian heritage, with its emphasis on traditional values, was cited as an explanation for why these countries had not grown."
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by financial economist Mete Feridun of University of Greenwich Business School and his international colleagues investigates the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth for
5864: 7698: 773:. For example, all four countries have become global education centers with Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea and Hong Kong high school students scoring well on math and science exams such as the 1920: 7010: 574:. Each Tiger nation's budget deficits were kept within the limits of their financial limits, as to not destabilize the macro-economy. South Korea in particular had deficits lower than the 4303: 2599: 1016: 2728:
Leea, Jinyong; LaPlacab, Peter; Rassekh, Farhad (2 September 2008). "Korean economic growth and marketing practice progress: A role model for economic growth of developing countries".
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does not include Taiwan because it is no longer a UN member state, and is neither included as part of the People's Republic of China by the UNDP when calculating data for China.
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environments was the foundation upon which the Asian miracle was built. Each of the Four Asian Tiger states managed, to various degrees of success, three variables in:
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calculated its HDI for 2021 to be 0.926 based on UNDP's 2010 methodology, which would place Taiwan at 19th globally in 2021 within the 2022 UNDP report.
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was involved. Some analysts argued that industrial policy and state intervention had a much greater influence than the World Bank report suggested.
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Japanese Foreign Direct Investment and the East Asian Industrial System: Case Studies from the Automobile and Electronics Industries (
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Mukhopadhyaya, Bidisha; Pradhana, Rudra P.; Feridun, Mete (2011). "Finance-growth nexus revisited for some Asian countries".
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In relation to higher-level education, there are many prestigious colleges as in most developed countries. In the 2023
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Derek Gregory; Ron Johnston; Geraldine Pratt; Michael J. Watts; Sarah Whatmore, eds. (2009). "Asian Miracle/tigers".
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formulated and implemented national economic strategies to promote the country's manufacturing sector.
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The export-oriented tiger economies, which benefited from American consumption, were hit hard by the
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components and devices. Large institutions have pushed to have them serve as role models for many
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has been used to explain the success of the Four Asian Tigers. This conclusion is similar to the
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Cultural Policies in East Asia: Dynamics between the State, Arts and Creative Industries
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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of 1919, Confucianism was blamed for China's inability to compete with Western powers.
820:. The cities of Hong Kong, Singapore and Seoul are prominent hubs in higher education. 789: 571: 401: 382: 96: 4540:(Press release). Hong Kong Government. Hong Kong Monetary Authority. 31 October 2014. 2806: 7915: 7711: 7676: 6531: 6074: 5663: 4999: 4942: 4879: 4810: 4781: 3816: 3191: 2929: 2757: 2524: 2494: 2464: 927: 785: 623:
strong bounce back is the modest corporate and household debt in these four nations.
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important role that government policy played in stimulating private investment".
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and with Taiwanese students winning several medals in International Olympiads.
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Parts of this article (those related to Territory and region data) need to be
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BBC report on the Asian Tigers in the aftermath of the 1997 Financial Crisis
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The Four Asian Tigers: Economic Development and the Global Political Economy
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Rodrik, Dani (1 April 1997). "The 'paradoxes' of the successful state".
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Data for "Real GDP at Constant National Prices" and "Population" from
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The Four Little Dragons: The Spread of Industrialization in East Asia
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Growth in per capita GDP in the tiger economies between 1960 and 2014
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Maddison GDP per capita of the Four Asian Tigers from 1950 to 2018.
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Founding of modern Singapore and early colonial period (1819–1826)
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Founding member of the United Nations and permanent member of the
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policies with the economic boom, including the maintenance of
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By the early 21st century, these economies had developed into
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Pam Woodall (1998). "East Asian Economies: Tigers adrift".
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Economic Research at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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and Singapore for the period between 1979 and 2009, using
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Economies of South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong
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Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics
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Worlds regions by total wealth (in trillions USD), 2018
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Rodrik, Dani; Grossman, Gene; Norman, Victor (1995).
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Retrieved 22 November 2022. 4058:Fertility Rate, Total for Hong Kong SAR, China 2394: 2384: 2374: 2364: 2354: 2344: 2334: 2324: 2314: 2304: 2294: 2274: 2264: 2254: 2244: 2234: 2224: 2214: 2204: 2194: 2184: 2174: 2159: 2149: 2139: 2129: 2119: 2109: 2099: 2089: 2079: 2069: 2059: 2044: 2034: 2024: 2014: 2004: 1994: 1984: 1974: 1964: 1954: 1944: 1847: 1844: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1659: 1639: 1628: 1557: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1494: 1430: 1395: 1383: 1380: 1360: 1357: 1343: 1340: 1334: 1221: 1177: 1174: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1145: 1131: 1113: 966: 963: 960: 7692: 6965: 6439: 5981: 5844:Hang Seng China-Affiliated Corporations Index 5579:Hong Kong Export Credit Insurance Corporation 5437: 5241:China–Japan–Korea Friendship Athletic Meeting 4647: 3999:"Countries in the world by population (2022)" 82: 68: 8: 315: 313: 299: 37:The Four Asian Tigers, from north to south: 7026:British Military Administration (1945–1946) 6180:Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research 4209:. United Nation Development Program. 2020. 3618:Religion and the Making of Modern East Asia 3590:. Cambridge University Press. p. 107. 3206:Ya-chen, Tai; Chang, S.C. (6 August 2017). 2891: 2889: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2699:"Korea role model for Latin America: Envoy" 2645:Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 406: 7699: 7685: 7677: 7346: 7247: 7140: 7064: 6972: 6958: 6950: 6446: 6432: 6424: 6106:Taiwan Capitalization Weighted Stock Index 5988: 5974: 5966: 5610:Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau 5444: 5430: 5422: 4654: 4640: 4632: 3000:The World Transformed: 1945 to the Present 2571:List of multilateral free-trade agreements 534:. Following Singapore's independence from 336: 104: 31: 6142:Taiwan External Trade Development Council 5140:China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit 4029:"Life Expectancy of the World Population" 2656: 1779:Region of the People's Republic of China 7036:Self-governance of Singapore (1955–1962) 6361:Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement 6190:Industrial Technology Research Institute 5605:Commerce and Economic Development Bureau 5574:Agriculture and aquaculture in Hong Kong 4506:"The Global Competitiveness Report 2019" 4359:"The state of mobile network experience" 3646:Some Lessons from the East Asian Miracle 3458:"Taiwanese win gold at Biology Olympiad" 674: 666: 6185:Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica 3885:. Yonhap News Agency. 6 November 2019. 2631: 2583: 722: 690: 440:) are the developed Asian economies of 7275:China–Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park 6839:Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy 6727:Korea Financial Investment Association 6335:American Chamber of Commerce in Taiwan 5160:East Asian Bureau of Economic Research 4265:"人類發展指數(Human Development Index, HDI)" 3615:DuBois, Thomas David (25 April 2011). 3383:McPhillips, Deidre (6 December 2016). 3304:Sullivan, Maureen (30 November 2016). 2703:Korean Culture and Information Service 1258:GDP (millions of USD, 2021 estimates) 251: 199: 18: 6875:Korea International Trade Association 6175:Taiwan Institute of Economic Research 4544:from the original on 17 February 2016 4313:from the original on 11 February 2023 4163:from the original on 5 February 2016. 4129:from the original on 22 November 2022 4103:from the original on 22 November 2022 3919:from the original on 30 November 2021 3857:from the original on 10 February 2021 3706:from the original on 26 November 2020 3052:from the original on 22 November 2018 2936:from the original on 2 February 2013. 2831:The East Asian Development Experience 2679:from the original on 16 December 2008 2673:"Can Africa really learn from Korea?" 1261:GDP per capita (USD, 2022 estimated) 7: 6406: 6345:Taiwan Confederation of Trade Unions 6157:Central Engraving and Printing Plant 4339:from the original on 16 October 2022 4123:"婚育危機1》人口「生不如死」爆國安危機 各級政府對應卻如「扮家家酒」" 3889:from the original on 6 November 2019 3827:from the original on 6 February 2021 3797:from the original on 6 February 2021 3767:from the original on 6 February 2021 3676:from the original on 6 February 2021 3635:from the original on 3 January 2016. 3584:Lin, Justin Yifu (27 October 2011). 3579: 3577: 2996:Michael H. Hunt (10 November 2003). 2788: 2786: 2784: 2491:(full list of miracles and "tigers") 1777:Executive-led Special Administrative 6722:Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation 5891:List of power stations in Hong Kong 5766:International rankings of Hong Kong 5595:Hong Kong Trade Development Council 4518:from the original on 9 October 2019 4077:Fertility Rate, Total for Singapore 4009:from the original on 5 January 2018 3318:from the original on 15 August 2017 2971:"Singapore Infomap – Coming of Age" 5620:Office of the Government Economist 4615:(includes map of the Asian Tigers) 4572:Hye-Kyung Lee & Lorraine Lim, 4213:from the original on 16 April 2021 4039:from the original on 31 March 2022 3604:from the original on 29 July 2016. 3560:from the original on 6 August 2017 3540:from the original on 6 August 2017 3516:from the original on 6 August 2017 3492:from the original on 7 August 2017 3468:from the original on 6 August 2017 3444:from the original on 6 August 2017 3420:from the original on 6 August 2017 3395:from the original on 6 August 2017 3370:from the original on 6 August 2017 3291:from the original on 6 August 2017 3266:from the original on 7 August 2017 3242:from the original on 6 August 2017 3218:from the original on 7 August 2017 2848:from the original on 11 April 2023 95:Asia's Four Little  14: 7967:China–Japan–South Korea relations 5839:Hang Seng China Enterprises Index 5799:Securities and Futures Commission 5548:Banknotes of the Hong Kong dollar 4579:H. Horaguchi & K. Shimokawa, 4454:from the original on 20 July 2016 4245:from the original on 12 June 2021 4151:Gallup, Inc. (16 December 2013). 3949:from the original on 26 July 2020 3737:from the original on 4 March 2020 3345:from the original on 17 July 2017 3331:Couglan, Sean (6 December 2016). 2759:The Dictionary of Human Geography 1589:Average Internet connection speed 7041:Merger with Malaysia (1962–1965) 6829:Ministry of Employment and Labor 6405: 6394: 6393: 6299:Changhua Coastal Industrial Park 6132:Financial Supervisory Commission 6041: 5950: 5949: 5940: 5939: 5787:The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong 5782:Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing 5324:Ludwigshafen East Asia Institute 4736: 4486:from the original on 10 May 2023 3587:Demystifying the Chinese Economy 3385:"The Best Students in the World" 3358:Speiser, Matthew (13 May 2015). 3117:from the original on 2 June 2018 3004:. Bedford/St. Martin's. p.  2675:. Afrol News. 24 November 2008. 2457: 2443: 2429: 2415: 2395: 2385: 2375: 2365: 2355: 2345: 2335: 2325: 2315: 2305: 2295: 2275: 2265: 2255: 2245: 2235: 2225: 2215: 2205: 2195: 2185: 2175: 2160: 2150: 2140: 2130: 2120: 2110: 2100: 2090: 2080: 2070: 2060: 2045: 2035: 2025: 2015: 2005: 1995: 1985: 1975: 1965: 1955: 1945: 880: 814:Nanyang Technological University 810:National University of Singapore 740: 725: 708: 696: 7021:Japanese occupation (1942–1945) 7016:Straits Settlements (1826–1942) 6870:Federation of Korean Industries 6824:Ministry of Economy and Finance 6496:South Korea–Japan trade dispute 5740:Hong Kong International Airport 4397:9 November 2015. Archived from 3979:from the original on 9 May 2022 2947:"Economic History of Hong Kong" 2742:10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.09.002 2730:Industrial Marketing Management 2613:United Nations Security Council 798:Chinese University of Hong Kong 277: 250: 236: 222: 7031:Post-war Singapore (1946–1955) 6471:Five-Year Plans of South Korea 6137:Consumer Protection Commission 5924:Four big families of Hong Kong 5875:Outward Processing Arrangement 5870:Ship Registration in Hong Kong 5635:State enterprises in Hong Kong 5569:List of companies of Hong Kong 5271:EAFF E-1 Football Championship 5246:East Asian Football Federation 2705:. 1 March 2008. Archived from 792:. Notable schools include the 365: 351: 198: 184: 170: 154: 140: 126: 83: 69: 1: 6854:Financial Supervisory Service 6849:Financial Services Commission 6834:Ministry of SMEs and Startups 6476:Heavy-Chemical Industry Drive 5829:Hong Kong Mercantile Exchange 5735:Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge 5615:Trade and Industry Department 5553:Coins of the Hong Kong dollar 5319:Journal of East Asian Studies 5256:East Asian Judo Championships 5103:East Asia Climate Partnership 4446:Carlon, Kris (26 June 2016). 2807:10.1016/S0014-2921(97)00012-3 7046:Republic of Singapore (1965– 6122:Ministry of Economic Affairs 5600:Hong Kong Monetary Authority 5502:Positive non-interventionism 5492:Stock disasters in Hong Kong 5342:Horses in East Asian warfare 4885:other ethnic groups in China 4624:The Elephant at the Gate in 4364:. Opensignal. Archived from 3725:Sin, Noah (8 October 2019). 3184:10.1080/13504851.2010.548771 2515:Newly industrialized country 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1789: 1786: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1656: 1653: 1645: 1642: 1631: 1625: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1603:Use of renewable electricity 1566: 1563: 1560: 1554: 1537: 1534: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1401: 1398: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1354: 1351: 1337: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1166: 1148: 1142: 1139: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1110: 1107: 1104: 994: 991: 988: 980: 977: 974: 952: 949: 946: 663:Gross domestic product (GDP) 653:Johansen cointegration tests 626:A 2011 article published in 605:Hong Kong Monetary Authority 7469:Water supply and sanitation 6491:1997 Asian financial crisis 6294:Central Taiwan Science Park 6273:Water Supply and Sanitation 5849:CSI Cross-Straits 500 Index 5819:Electronic Payment Services 5487:1997 Asian financial crisis 4576:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2014). 4474:"Index 2023 – Global score" 3287:. The Central News Agency. 3214:. The Central News Agency. 2600:Taiwan's Statistical Bureau 1866:Semi-Presidential Republic 692:Skylines of the Four Tigers 617:financial crisis of 2007–08 601:1997 Asian financial crisis 595:1997 Asian financial crisis 524:1997 Asian financial crisis 7983: 7937:Economic history of Taiwan 7414:National Courtesy Campaign 6684:South–North Pipeline Korea 6340:US–Taiwan Business Council 5792:Hong Kong Futures Exchange 5512:Poverty Campaign: Speak Up 5396:Needham Research Institute 5304:East Asia Image Collection 5299:East Asian Economic Review 4734: 3757:"Singapore Credit Ratings" 3666:"Hong Kong Credit Ratings" 2903:NBER Macroeconomics Annual 794:National Taiwan University 540:Economic Development Board 7631: 7349: 7250: 7143: 7067: 6935: 6389: 6039: 5932: 5909:Water supply in Hong Kong 5625:Inland Revenue Department 5175:Human rights in East Asia 5060:Sino-Xenic pronunciations 4479:Reporters Without Borders 3943:Moody's Investors Service 3851:Moody's Investors Service 3791:Moody's Investors Service 3700:Moody's Investors Service 3651:29 September 2018 at the 3172:Applied Economics Letters 2566:List of country groupings 2541:Japanese economic miracle 1748:Current political status 1747: 1275: 1272: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1250: 872:Territory and region data 806:Seoul National University 628:Applied Economics Letters 414: 407: 335: 316: 314: 300: 103: 30: 26: 7932:Economic history of Asia 7148:Administrative divisions 7006:Early history (pre–1819) 7001:Archaeology in Singapore 6481:Miracle on the Han River 5824:Growth Enterprise Market 5669:Inland Revenue Ordinance 4450:. androidauthority.com. 4180:. Gallup. Archived from 4082:22 November 2022 at the 4063:22 November 2022 at the 3909:"Taiwan - Credit Rating" 2795:European Economic Review 2639:Day, Dong-Ching (2021). 2535:Miracle on the Han River 1873:Organizations and groups 1487:(2010), % thriving 1477:Median per-capita income 1273:(billions of USD, 2017) 756:Education and technology 498:, low taxes and minimal 496:export-oriented policies 237:aa3 zau1 sei3 siu2 lung4 64:Traditional Chinese 7313:Singapore Standard (SS) 6278:State-owned enterprises 6101:Taiwan Futures Exchange 5914:Individual Visit Scheme 5654:Employment in Hong Kong 5543:Hong Kong Note Printing 5467:Seamen's strike of 1922 5261:East Asian martial arts 5208:Archaeological cultures 2828:Chang, Ha-Joon (2006). 2556:Chinese economic reform 1808:Parliamentary Republic 1484:Global Well Being Index 1470:Median household income 1453:Human Development Index 848:culture of Confucianism 818:University of Hong Kong 657:error correction models 558:The creation of stable 78:Simplified Chinese 7957:Economy of South Korea 7409:Long hair in Singapore 6941:Economy of North Korea 6915:International rankings 6595:Science and technology 6455:Economy of South Korea 6376:International rankings 6314:Linhai Industrial Park 6309:Kaohsiung Science Park 6063:Fifth series banknotes 5694:Minimum Wage Ordinance 5388:Science and technology 5372:The Book of Five Rings 5266:East Asian Youth Games 4591:. Emerald Publishing. 4583:Springer Japan, 2002). 3817:"Korea Credit Ratings" 2873:3 October 2019 at the 1837:Presidential Republic 782:QS University Rankings 680: 672: 519: 488:The East Asian Miracle 388: 156:Ya-chou szu hsiao lung 7878:United Arab Emirates 7298:Proposed developments 6844:Fair Trade Commission 6741:Free Trade Agreements 6127:Fair Trade Commission 6091:Taiwan Stock Exchange 5709:Goods and Service Tax 5659:Estate Duty Ordinance 5562:Industry and business 5472:Black Saturday (1983) 4671:Countries and regions 4626:China Economic Review 4587:Kim, Eun Mee (1998). 3702:. 16 September 2019. 2956:, Schenk, Catherine. 2952:17 April 2015 at the 1735:Property rights index 834:Protestant work ethic 678: 670: 611:2008 financial crisis 517: 461:high-income economies 408:நான்கு ஆசியப் புலிகள் 366:ashia-ŭi ne mari yong 7952:Economy of Singapore 7947:Economy of Hong Kong 7942:Economy of East Asia 7077:Environmental issues 6679:Trans-Korea Pipeline 6304:Hsinchu Science Park 5804:Linked exchange rate 5699:Stamp Duty Ordinance 5674:Partnership taxation 5453:Economy of Hong Kong 5411:Traditional medicine 5309:East Asia Law Review 5165:East Asian Community 4855:Indigenous Taiwanese 4187:on 24 September 2015 3945:. 15 February 2020. 3853:. 15 February 2020. 3793:. 12 November 2018. 3440:. 11 December 2016. 473:developing countries 352:asia-ui ne mari yong 346:Revised Romanization 223:aa jāu sei síu lùhng 185:Yàzhōu sz̀ syǎu lúng 171:Yàjhōu sìh siǎo lóng 7434:Population planning 7419:National Day Parade 7255:Economic statistics 6817:Government agencies 6319:Tainan Science Park 6115:Government agencies 6084:Banking and finance 5775:Finance and banking 5588:Government agencies 4836:Khalkha in Mongolia 4538:"HKMA joins SEACEN" 4427:on 2 September 2016 4401:on 4 September 2016 2896:Page, John (1994). 2561:Tiger Cub Economies 2479:Developmental state 1042:expectancy at birth 862:May Fourth Movement 771:developed countries 479:of Southeast Asia. 477:Tiger Cub Economies 430:Four Little Dragons 424:(also known as the 330:Asia's four dragons 141:ㄧㄚˋ ㄓㄡ ㄙˋ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄥˊ 127:Yàzhōu sì xiǎo lóng 7424:No U-turn syndrome 7318:Telecommunications 7308:Singapore Exchange 7270:Monetary Authority 6646:Youth unemployment 6575:Financial services 6258:Telecommunications 5314:East Asian studies 5010:Hip-and-gable roof 5005:Chinese characters 3882:Yonhap News Agency 3040:Anonymous (2009). 2451:South Korea portal 1742:Bribe Payers Index 681: 673: 544:Industrial estates 532:export orientation 520: 504:state intervention 426:Four Asian Dragons 389:Empat Harimau Asia 278:A-chiu sì sió lêng 7962:Economy of Taiwan 7907: 7906: 7720:Post-World War II 7674: 7673: 7627: 7626: 7522:Singapore English 7336: 7335: 7237: 7236: 7224:Political parties 7170:Foreign relations 7130: 7129: 6947: 6946: 6908:Largest companies 6653:Work-life balance 6486:Four Asian Tigers 6421: 6420: 6070:Old Taiwan dollar 6058:New Taiwan dollar 6013:Four Asian Tigers 5997:Economy of Taiwan 5963: 5962: 5730:Port of Hong Kong 5517:Pearl River Delta 5477:Four Asian Tigers 5419: 5418: 5170:Four Asian Tigers 4297:"國情統計通報(第 195 號)" 3975:. 29 April 2022. 3628:978-1-139-49946-0 3597:978-0-521-19180-7 3042:"Troubled Tigers" 3015:978-0-312-24583-2 2921:978-0-262-06172-8 2774:978-1-4051-3287-9 2658:10.54392/ajir2147 2592:HDI annual report 2484:The Pacific Pumas 2474:Developed country 2406: 2405: 1870: 1869: 1857:Very Easy (15th) 1664: 1663: 1571: 1570: 1460:Income inequality 1435: 1434: 1241: 1240: 999: 998: 910: 909: 585:developed country 475:, especially the 465:financial centres 422:Four Asian Tigers 418: 417: 372: 371: 360:McCune–Reischauer 284: 283: 217:Yale Romanization 179:Yale Romanization 114:Standard Mandarin 22:Four Asian Tigers 7974: 7708:Economic miracle 7701: 7694: 7687: 7678: 7654: 7647: 7640: 7354:Communitarianism 7347: 7283: 7248: 7141: 7065: 7049: 6974: 6967: 6960: 6951: 6517:Hwan (1953–1962) 6448: 6441: 6434: 6425: 6409: 6408: 6397: 6396: 6287:Industrial parks 6045: 5990: 5983: 5976: 5967: 5953: 5952: 5945:Economy of Macau 5943: 5942: 5919:Economic freedom 5533:Hong Kong dollar 5446: 5439: 5432: 5423: 5354:Miyamoto Musashi 5251:East Asian Games 5223:Former countries 5155:East Asia Summit 4985:Chinese knotting 4740: 4656: 4649: 4642: 4633: 4602: 4554: 4553: 4551: 4549: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4517: 4510: 4502: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4470: 4464: 4463: 4461: 4459: 4443: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4417: 4411: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4370: 4363: 4355: 4349: 4348: 4346: 4344: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4318: 4312: 4301: 4293: 4287: 4286: 4284: 4282: 4277:on 14 April 2021 4276: 4269: 4261: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4244: 4237: 4229: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4186: 4179: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4148: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4093: 4087: 4074: 4068: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4025: 4019: 4018: 4016: 4014: 3995: 3989: 3988: 3986: 3984: 3965: 3959: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3924: 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2825: 2819: 2818: 2801:(3–5): 411–442. 2790: 2779: 2778: 2762: 2752: 2746: 2745: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2709:on 22 April 2009 2695: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2684: 2669: 2663: 2662: 2660: 2636: 2620: 2609: 2603: 2594:compiled by the 2588: 2489:Economic miracle 2467: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2453: 2448: 2447: 2446: 2439: 2437:Singapore portal 2434: 2433: 2432: 2425: 2423:Hong Kong portal 2420: 2419: 2418: 2402: 2399: 2398: 2392: 2389: 2388: 2382: 2379: 2378: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2352: 2349: 2348: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2332: 2329: 2328: 2322: 2319: 2318: 2312: 2309: 2308: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2262: 2259: 2258: 2252: 2249: 2248: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2232: 2229: 2228: 2222: 2219: 2218: 2212: 2209: 2208: 2202: 2199: 2198: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2182: 2179: 2178: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2157: 2154: 2153: 2147: 2144: 2143: 2137: 2134: 2133: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2117: 2114: 2113: 2107: 2104: 2103: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2052: 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production 6536: 6512:Won (1945–1953) 6500: 6457: 6452: 6422: 6417: 6385: 6349: 6323: 6282: 6194: 6163: 6110: 6096:Taipei Exchange 6079: 6046: 6037: 5999: 5994: 5964: 5959: 5955:Economy of Asia 5928: 5897: 5879: 5853: 5834:Hang Seng Index 5770: 5754: 5719: 5718:Infrastructure 5713: 5639: 5583: 5557: 5521: 5497:Brand Hong Kong 5482:Ting Hai effect 5455: 5450: 5420: 5415: 5382: 5328: 5275: 5227: 5189: 5185:Stock exchanges 5122: 5089: 4901: 4741: 4732: 4665: 4660: 4609: 4599: 4586: 4565:Ezra F. Vogel, 4562: 4560:Further reading 4557: 4547: 4545: 4536: 4535: 4531: 4521: 4519: 4515: 4508: 4504: 4503: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4472: 4471: 4467: 4457: 4455: 4445: 4444: 4440: 4430: 4428: 4419: 4418: 4414: 4404: 4402: 4389: 4388: 4384: 4374: 4372: 4368: 4361: 4357: 4356: 4352: 4342: 4340: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4316: 4314: 4310: 4299: 4295: 4294: 4290: 4280: 4278: 4274: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4258: 4248: 4246: 4242: 4235: 4231: 4230: 4226: 4216: 4214: 4205: 4204: 4200: 4190: 4188: 4184: 4177: 4173: 4172: 4168: 4150: 4149: 4142: 4132: 4130: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4106: 4104: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4084:Wayback Machine 4075: 4071: 4065:Wayback Machine 4056: 4052: 4042: 4040: 4027: 4026: 4022: 4012: 4010: 3997: 3996: 3992: 3982: 3980: 3967: 3966: 3962: 3952: 3950: 3937: 3936: 3932: 3922: 3920: 3907: 3906: 3902: 3892: 3890: 3875: 3874: 3870: 3860: 3858: 3845: 3844: 3840: 3830: 3828: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3800: 3798: 3785: 3784: 3780: 3770: 3768: 3755: 3754: 3750: 3740: 3738: 3724: 3723: 3719: 3709: 3707: 3694: 3693: 3689: 3679: 3677: 3664: 3663: 3659: 3653:Wayback Machine 3644: 3640: 3629: 3614: 3613: 3609: 3598: 3583: 3582: 3575: 3563: 3561: 3552: 3543: 3541: 3528: 3519: 3517: 3504: 3495: 3493: 3480: 3471: 3469: 3456: 3447: 3445: 3432: 3423: 3421: 3407: 3398: 3396: 3382: 3373: 3371: 3357: 3348: 3346: 3330: 3321: 3319: 3303: 3294: 3292: 3278: 3269: 3267: 3254: 3245: 3243: 3230: 3221: 3219: 3205: 3203: 3199: 3169: 3168: 3164: 3138: 3137: 3130: 3120: 3118: 3114: 3092:10.2307/1344538 3080:Economic Policy 3075: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3055: 3053: 3039: 3038: 3023: 3016: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2980: 2978: 2977:on 13 July 2006 2969: 2968: 2964: 2954:Wayback Machine 2945: 2941: 2922: 2895: 2894: 2881: 2875:Wayback Machine 2865: 2861: 2851: 2849: 2842: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2792: 2791: 2782: 2775: 2754: 2753: 2749: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2712: 2710: 2697: 2696: 2692: 2682: 2680: 2671: 2670: 2666: 2638: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2624: 2623: 2610: 2606: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2463: 2458: 2456: 2449: 2444: 2442: 2435: 2430: 2428: 2421: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2400: 2396: 2390: 2386: 2380: 2376: 2370: 2366: 2360: 2356: 2350: 2346: 2340: 2336: 2330: 2326: 2320: 2316: 2310: 2306: 2300: 2296: 2280: 2276: 2270: 2266: 2260: 2256: 2250: 2246: 2240: 2236: 2230: 2226: 2220: 2216: 2210: 2206: 2200: 2196: 2190: 2186: 2180: 2176: 2165: 2161: 2155: 2151: 2145: 2141: 2135: 2131: 2125: 2121: 2115: 2111: 2105: 2101: 2095: 2091: 2085: 2081: 2075: 2071: 2065: 2061: 2050: 2046: 2040: 2036: 2030: 2026: 2020: 2016: 2010: 2006: 2000: 1996: 1990: 1986: 1980: 1976: 1970: 1966: 1960: 1956: 1950: 1946: 1881: 1875: 1778: 1744: 1737: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1717: 1714: 1713:Competitiveness 1712: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1684: 1682:Democracy Index 1675: 1669: 1598: 1591: 1582: 1576: 1486: 1479: 1472: 1462: 1455: 1446: 1440: 1438:Quality of life 1280: 1278: 1269: 1267: 1252: 1246: 1096: 1093: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1076: 1073: 1067: 1060: 1053: 1050: 1044: 1041: 1035: 1032: 1026: 1019: 1010: 1004: 921: 915: 906: 900: 897: 894: 885: 881: 874: 826: 769:industrialized 758: 751: 745: 736: 730: 719: 713: 704: 701: 665: 613: 597: 564:budget deficits 512: 326:Literal meaning 165:Tongyong Pinyin 155: 91:Literal meaning 53: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7980: 7978: 7970: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7929: 7927:Economic booms 7924: 7914: 7913: 7905: 7904: 7902: 7901: 7896: 7895: 7894: 7888:United States 7886: 7885: 7884: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7805: 7803: 7799: 7798: 7796: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7724: 7722: 7716: 7715: 7706: 7704: 7703: 7696: 7689: 7681: 7672: 7671: 7669: 7668: 7663: 7656: 7655: 7648: 7641: 7633: 7632: 7629: 7628: 7625: 7624: 7622: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7585: 7583: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7542: 7541: 7536: 7526: 7525: 7524: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7483: 7481: 7475: 7474: 7472: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7444:Public housing 7441: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7350: 7344: 7338: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7251: 7245: 7239: 7238: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7210: 7209: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7188: 7187: 7185:Prime Minister 7182: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7156: 7155: 7144: 7138: 7132: 7131: 7128: 7127: 7125: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7107:Urban planning 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7068: 7062: 7056: 7055: 7053: 7052: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6997: 6995: 6989: 6988: 6979: 6977: 6976: 6969: 6962: 6954: 6945: 6944: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6929: 6928: 6927: 6920:Regions by GDP 6917: 6912: 6911: 6910: 6900: 6899: 6898: 6887: 6885: 6884:Related topics 6881: 6880: 6878: 6877: 6872: 6866: 6864: 6860: 6859: 6857: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6820: 6818: 6814: 6813: 6811: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6773:European Union 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6744: 6742: 6738: 6737: 6735: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6713: 6712: 6707: 6700:Korea Exchange 6696: 6694: 6690: 6689: 6687: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6665: 6663: 6659: 6658: 6656: 6655: 6650: 6649: 6648: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6626:Labor movement 6623: 6617: 6615: 6611: 6610: 6608: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6556: 6555: 6544: 6542: 6538: 6537: 6535: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6508: 6506: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6467: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6451: 6450: 6443: 6436: 6428: 6419: 6418: 6416: 6415: 6403: 6390: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6383: 6381:Labor movement 6378: 6373: 6368: 6366:Made in Taiwan 6363: 6357: 6355: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6331: 6329: 6325: 6324: 6322: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6290: 6288: 6284: 6283: 6281: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6268:Transportation 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6219: 6218: 6213: 6202: 6200: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6171: 6169: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6154: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6118: 6116: 6112: 6111: 6109: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6087: 6085: 6081: 6080: 6078: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6066: 6065: 6054: 6052: 6048: 6047: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6035: 6030: 6028:Taiwan Miracle 6025: 6020: 6015: 6009: 6007: 6001: 6000: 5995: 5993: 5992: 5985: 5978: 5970: 5961: 5960: 5958: 5957: 5947: 5933: 5930: 5929: 5927: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5905: 5903: 5899: 5898: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5887: 5885: 5881: 5880: 5878: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5861: 5859: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5795: 5794: 5789: 5778: 5776: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5768: 5762: 5760: 5756: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5726: 5724: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5661: 5656: 5650: 5648: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5591: 5589: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5565: 5563: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5538:Hong Kong Mint 5535: 5529: 5527: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5463: 5461: 5457: 5456: 5451: 5449: 5448: 5441: 5434: 5426: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5392: 5390: 5384: 5383: 5381: 5380: 5375: 5368: 5365:The Art of War 5361: 5356: 5351: 5344: 5338: 5336: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5285: 5283: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5237: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5199: 5197: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5136: 5134: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5099: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5087: 5085:Chinese zodiac 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4990:Chinese dragon 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4950:Blepharoplasty 4947: 4946: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4922: 4917: 4911: 4909: 4903: 4902: 4900: 4899: 4898: 4897: 4892: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4841: 4840: 4839: 4838: 4833: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4807: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4786: 4785: 4784: 4774: 4769: 4768: 4767: 4757: 4751: 4749: 4743: 4742: 4735: 4733: 4731: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4709: 4708: 4698: 4697: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4675: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4661: 4659: 4658: 4651: 4644: 4636: 4630: 4629: 4621: 4616: 4608: 4607:External links 4605: 4604: 4603: 4597: 4584: 4577: 4570: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4555: 4529: 4497: 4465: 4438: 4412: 4382: 4371:on 24 May 2020 4350: 4324: 4288: 4256: 4224: 4198: 4166: 4140: 4114: 4088: 4069: 4050: 4020: 3990: 3960: 3930: 3900: 3868: 3838: 3808: 3778: 3748: 3717: 3687: 3657: 3638: 3627: 3607: 3596: 3573: 3571: 3570: 3550: 3526: 3502: 3478: 3454: 3438:The China Post 3430: 3405: 3380: 3355: 3328: 3301: 3276: 3252: 3197: 3162: 3128: 3086:(20): 55–107. 3063: 3021: 3014: 2988: 2962: 2960:16 March 2008. 2939: 2920: 2912:10.1086/654251 2879: 2859: 2840: 2820: 2780: 2773: 2747: 2736:(7): 753–757. 2720: 2690: 2664: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2621: 2604: 2582: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2551:Taiwanese Wave 2548: 2546:Taiwan Miracle 2543: 2538: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2470: 2469: 2468: 2454: 2440: 2426: 2410: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2393: 2383: 2373: 2363: 2353: 2343: 2333: 2323: 2313: 2303: 2293: 2289: 2288: 2273: 2263: 2253: 2243: 2233: 2223: 2213: 2203: 2193: 2183: 2173: 2169: 2168: 2158: 2148: 2138: 2128: 2118: 2108: 2098: 2088: 2078: 2068: 2058: 2054: 2053: 2043: 2033: 2023: 2013: 2003: 1993: 1983: 1973: 1963: 1953: 1943: 1939: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1885: 1874: 1871: 1868: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1843: 1839: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1810: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1781: 1780: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1739: 1732: 1719: 1708: 1697: 1686: 1679: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1648: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1620: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1606: 1605: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1549: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1489: 1488: 1481: 1474: 1467: 1457: 1450: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1404: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1285: 1284: 1274: 1271: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1134: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1089: 1078: 1069: 1062: 1055: 1046: 1037: 1028: 1021: 1014: 1003: 1000: 997: 996: 993: 990: 987: 983: 982: 979: 976: 973: 969: 968: 965: 962: 959: 955: 954: 951: 948: 945: 941: 940: 935: 930: 925: 914: 913:Credit ratings 911: 908: 907: 888: 886: 879: 873: 870: 825: 824:Cultural basis 822: 790:United Kingdom 757: 754: 753: 752: 746: 739: 737: 731: 724: 721: 720: 714: 707: 705: 702: 695: 693: 664: 661: 612: 609: 596: 593: 572:exchange rates 511: 508: 500:welfare states 416: 415: 412: 411: 404: 398: 397: 393: 392: 385: 379: 378: 374: 373: 370: 369: 362: 356: 355: 348: 342: 341: 340:Transcriptions 333: 332: 327: 323: 322: 311: 305: 304: 297: 291: 290: 286: 285: 282: 281: 274: 265: 264: 258: 257: 247: 241: 240: 233: 227: 226: 219: 213: 212: 210:Yue: Cantonese 206: 205: 195: 189: 188: 181: 175: 174: 167: 161: 160: 151: 145: 144: 137: 131: 130: 123: 117: 116: 110: 109: 108:Transcriptions 101: 100: 92: 88: 87: 80: 74: 73: 66: 60: 59: 55: 54: 36: 28: 27: 24: 23: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7979: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7919: 7917: 7910: 7900: 7897: 7893: 7892:Massachusetts 7890: 7889: 7887: 7883: 7880: 7879: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7806: 7804: 7800: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7725: 7723: 7721: 7717: 7713: 7712:tiger economy 7709: 7702: 7697: 7695: 7690: 7688: 7683: 7682: 7679: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7658: 7653: 7649: 7646: 7642: 7639: 7635: 7634: 7630: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7586: 7584: 7582: 7578: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7531: 7530: 7527: 7523: 7520: 7519: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7476: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7351: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7339: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7252: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7240: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7208: 7205: 7204: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7177: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7154: 7153:Town Councils 7151: 7150: 7149: 7146: 7145: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7133: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7112:Urban renewal 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7057: 7051: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6998: 6996: 6994: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6975: 6970: 6968: 6963: 6961: 6956: 6955: 6952: 6942: 6939: 6934: 6926: 6923: 6922: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6909: 6906: 6905: 6904: 6901: 6897: 6894: 6893: 6892: 6889: 6888: 6886: 6882: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6867: 6865: 6863:Organizations 6861: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6815: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6778:United States 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6739: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6702: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6695: 6691: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6674:Nuclear power 6672: 6670: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6660: 6654: 6651: 6647: 6644: 6643: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6618: 6616: 6612: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6600:Semiconductor 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6549: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6539: 6533: 6532:Bank of Korea 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6503: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6449: 6444: 6442: 6437: 6435: 6430: 6429: 6426: 6414: 6413: 6404: 6402: 6401: 6392: 6391: 6388: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6358: 6356: 6352: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6332: 6330: 6326: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6285: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6253:Semiconductor 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6208: 6207: 6204: 6203: 6201: 6197: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6166: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6149: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6119: 6117: 6113: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6088: 6086: 6082: 6076: 6075:Taiwanese yen 6073: 6071: 6068: 6064: 6061: 6060: 6059: 6056: 6055: 6053: 6049: 6044: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6010: 6008: 6006: 6002: 5998: 5991: 5986: 5984: 5979: 5977: 5972: 5971: 5968: 5956: 5948: 5946: 5938: 5935: 5934: 5931: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5906: 5904: 5900: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5882: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5856: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5784: 5783: 5780: 5779: 5777: 5773: 5767: 5764: 5763: 5761: 5757: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5716: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5664:Goepfert case 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5642: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5592: 5590: 5586: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5566: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5524: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5464: 5462: 5458: 5454: 5447: 5442: 5440: 5435: 5433: 5428: 5427: 5424: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5389: 5385: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5373: 5369: 5367: 5366: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5349: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5339: 5337: 5335: 5331: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5278: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5230: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5192: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4920:Architecture‎ 4918: 4916: 4915:Age reckoning 4913: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4904: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4887: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4828: 4827: 4824: 4823: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4791: 4790: 4787: 4783: 4780: 4779: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4747:Ethnic groups 4744: 4739: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4707: 4704: 4703: 4702: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4681: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4657: 4652: 4650: 4645: 4643: 4638: 4637: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4614: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4600: 4598:9780124074408 4594: 4590: 4585: 4582: 4578: 4575: 4571: 4568: 4564: 4563: 4559: 4543: 4539: 4533: 4530: 4514: 4507: 4501: 4498: 4485: 4481: 4480: 4475: 4469: 4466: 4453: 4449: 4442: 4439: 4426: 4422: 4416: 4413: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4386: 4383: 4367: 4360: 4354: 4351: 4338: 4334: 4328: 4325: 4309: 4305: 4298: 4292: 4289: 4273: 4266: 4260: 4257: 4241: 4234: 4228: 4225: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4199: 4183: 4176: 4170: 4167: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4147: 4145: 4141: 4128: 4124: 4118: 4115: 4102: 4098: 4092: 4089: 4085: 4081: 4078: 4073: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4059: 4054: 4051: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4024: 4021: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3994: 3991: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3964: 3961: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3934: 3931: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3904: 3901: 3888: 3884: 3883: 3878: 3872: 3869: 3856: 3852: 3848: 3842: 3839: 3826: 3822: 3821:Fitch Ratings 3818: 3812: 3809: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3782: 3779: 3766: 3762: 3761:Fitch Ratings 3758: 3752: 3749: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3721: 3718: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3691: 3688: 3675: 3671: 3670:Fitch Ratings 3667: 3661: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3647: 3642: 3639: 3634: 3630: 3624: 3620: 3619: 3611: 3608: 3603: 3599: 3593: 3589: 3588: 3580: 3578: 3574: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3406: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3381: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3356: 3344: 3340: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3307: 3302: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3277: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3228: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3201: 3198: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3166: 3163: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3141:The Economist 3135: 3133: 3129: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3074: 3067: 3064: 3051: 3047: 3046:The Economist 3043: 3036: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3028: 3026: 3022: 3017: 3011: 3007: 3002: 3001: 2992: 2989: 2976: 2972: 2966: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2948: 2943: 2940: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2904: 2899: 2892: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2869: 2863: 2860: 2847: 2843: 2841:9781842771419 2837: 2834:. Zed Books. 2833: 2832: 2824: 2821: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2776: 2770: 2766: 2761: 2760: 2751: 2748: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2724: 2721: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2694: 2691: 2678: 2674: 2668: 2665: 2659: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2635: 2632: 2626: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2584: 2577: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537:(South Korea) 2536: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2525:Tiger economy 2523: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2495:Asian Century 2493: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2466: 2465:Taiwan portal 2455: 2452: 2441: 2438: 2427: 2424: 2413: 2408: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2171: 2170: 2056: 2055: 1941: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1879: 1878: 1872: 1865: 1841: 1840: 1836: 1812: 1811: 1807: 1783: 1782: 1776: 1752: 1751: 1743: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1720: 1716: 1709: 1705: 1698: 1694: 1687: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1673: 1672: 1666: 1650: 1649: 1636: 1635: 1622: 1621: 1608: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1594: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1580: 1579: 1573: 1551: 1550: 1535:0.925 (19th) 1531: 1530: 1515:0.939 (12th) 1511: 1510: 1491: 1490: 1485: 1482: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1461: 1458: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1444: 1443: 1437: 1406: 1405: 1377: 1376: 1348: 1347: 1319: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1282: 1266: 1255: 1249: 1243: 1206: 1205: 1171: 1170: 1136: 1135: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1086: 1079: 1075: 1070: 1066: 1063: 1059: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1043: 1038: 1034: 1029: 1025: 1022: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1008: 1007: 1001: 985: 984: 971: 970: 957: 956: 943: 942: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 919: 918: 912: 904: 892: 887: 878: 877: 871: 869: 865: 863: 858: 854: 849: 845: 844: 839: 835: 831: 823: 821: 819: 815: 811: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 786:United States 783: 778: 776: 772: 768: 764: 755: 749: 743: 738: 734: 728: 723: 718:, South Korea 717: 711: 706: 699: 694: 691: 689: 688:'s estimate. 687: 677: 669: 662: 660: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 629: 624: 620: 618: 610: 608: 606: 602: 594: 592: 588: 586: 580: 577: 573: 569: 568:external debt 565: 561: 560:macroeconomic 556: 553: 552:human capital 548: 545: 541: 537: 533: 527: 525: 522:Prior to the 516: 509: 507: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 480: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 457: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 413: 405: 403: 399: 394: 390: 386: 384: 380: 375: 363: 361: 357: 349: 347: 343: 338: 334: 331: 328: 324: 312: 310: 306: 298: 296: 292: 287: 275: 273: 270: 266: 263: 259: 253: 248: 246: 242: 234: 232: 228: 220: 218: 214: 211: 207: 201: 196: 194: 190: 182: 180: 176: 168: 166: 162: 152: 150: 146: 138: 136: 132: 124: 122: 118: 115: 111: 106: 102: 99: 98: 93: 89: 81: 79: 75: 67: 65: 61: 56: 52: 48: 44: 40: 34: 29: 25: 20: 7909: 7793:West Germany 7767: 7747: 7652:Bibliography 7594:Coat of arms 7571:Singaporeans 7492:Architecture 7439:Prostitution 7389:Demographics 7207:Conscription 7192:Human rights 7160:Constitution 6937: 6891:Billionaires 6808:Trade policy 6641:Unemployment 6636:Trade unions 6485: 6411: 6398: 6371:Minimum wage 6328:Associations 6216:Floriculture 6152:Central Mint 6147:Central Bank 6033:Formosa bond 6023:China Circle 6012: 5936: 5689:Salaries tax 5476: 5370: 5363: 5348:Bansenshūkai 5346: 5169: 5113:Rainy season 4890:unrecognized 4625: 4619:ASEAN tigers 4588: 4580: 4573: 4566: 4546:. Retrieved 4532: 4520:. Retrieved 4500: 4488:. Retrieved 4477: 4468: 4456:. Retrieved 4441: 4429:. Retrieved 4425:the original 4415: 4403:. Retrieved 4399:the original 4385: 4373:. Retrieved 4366:the original 4353: 4341:. Retrieved 4327: 4315:. Retrieved 4291: 4279:. Retrieved 4272:the original 4259: 4247:. Retrieved 4227: 4215:. Retrieved 4201: 4189:. Retrieved 4182:the original 4169: 4156: 4131:. Retrieved 4117: 4105:. Retrieved 4091: 4072: 4053: 4041:. Retrieved 4033:worldometers 4032: 4023: 4011:. Retrieved 4003:worldometers 4002: 3993: 3981:. Retrieved 3972: 3963: 3951:. Retrieved 3942: 3933: 3923:11 September 3921:. Retrieved 3912: 3903: 3891:. Retrieved 3880: 3871: 3859:. Retrieved 3850: 3841: 3829:. Retrieved 3820: 3811: 3799:. Retrieved 3790: 3781: 3769:. Retrieved 3760: 3751: 3739:. Retrieved 3730: 3720: 3708:. Retrieved 3699: 3690: 3678:. Retrieved 3669: 3660: 3641: 3617: 3610: 3586: 3562:. Retrieved 3542:. Retrieved 3533: 3518:. Retrieved 3509: 3494:. Retrieved 3485: 3470:. Retrieved 3461: 3446:. Retrieved 3437: 3422:. Retrieved 3413: 3397:. Retrieved 3388: 3372:. Retrieved 3363: 3347:. Retrieved 3336: 3320:. Retrieved 3309: 3293:. Retrieved 3285:Focus Taiwan 3284: 3268:. Retrieved 3260:Taiwan Today 3259: 3244:. Retrieved 3236:Taiwan Today 3235: 3220:. Retrieved 3212:Focus Taiwan 3211: 3200: 3175: 3171: 3165: 3140: 3119:. Retrieved 3083: 3079: 3066: 3054:. Retrieved 3045: 2999: 2991: 2979:. Retrieved 2975:the original 2965: 2957: 2942: 2902: 2862: 2852:28 September 2850:. Retrieved 2830: 2823: 2798: 2794: 2758: 2750: 2733: 2729: 2723: 2711:. Retrieved 2707:the original 2693: 2681:. Retrieved 2667: 2651:(4): 54–61. 2648: 2644: 2634: 2607: 2586: 2505:Celtic Tiger 2500:Baltic Tiger 2172:South Korea 1813:South Korea 1654:28.9 Mbit/s 1640:59.6 Mbit/s 1637:South Korea 1626:47.5 Mbit/s 1612:21.8 Mbit/s 1558:33.6 (2014) 1538:34.1 (2015) 1532:South Korea 1518:46.4 (2014) 1498:53.9 (2016) 1495:0.952 (4th) 1456:(2021 data) 1378:South Korea 1268:(billions of 1172:South Korea 1088:(2015–2020) 1002:Demographics 972:South Korea 898: 890: 866: 857:Asian values 853:Lee Kuan Yew 841: 840:in his book 830:Confucianism 828:The role of 827: 779: 759: 682: 627: 625: 621: 614: 598: 589: 581: 557: 549: 528: 521: 487: 481: 458: 429: 425: 421: 419: 329: 262:Southern Min 121:Hanyu Pinyin 94: 58:Chinese name 7859:Philippines 7802:Later years 7773:South Korea 7464:Social fund 7260:Agriculture 6732:Kimchi bond 6548:Agriculture 6522:Won (1962–) 6233:Electricity 6211:Aquaculture 6206:Agriculture 5684:Rates (tax) 5679:Profits tax 5203:Archaeology 5095:Environment 4960:Calligraphy 4804:in Sakhalin 4760:Han Chinese 4723:South Korea 4718:North Korea 4133:22 November 4107:22 November 3733:. Reuters. 3534:Taiwan News 3510:Taiwan News 3486:Taiwan News 3056:6 September 2713:16 February 2683:16 February 2530:Korean Wave 2510:Tatra Tiger 1880:Country or 1702:Perceptions 1674:Country or 1581:Country or 1445:Country or 1270:USD, 2016) 1251:Country or 1213:23,816,775 1178:51,269,185 1094:growth rate 1009:Country or 920:Country or 767:high-income 655:and vector 645:Philippines 482:In 1993, a 450:South Korea 317:亞細亞의 네 마리 龍 301:아시아의 네 마리 용 289:Korean name 39:South Korea 7916:Categories 7551:Mass media 7546:Literature 7374:Disability 7282:(currency) 7214:Parliament 7175:Government 7097:Reservoirs 6798:Other FTAs 6621:Inequality 6560:Automotive 6223:Automotive 5858:Agreements 5704:Stamp duty 5645:Employment 5378:Yi Sun-sin 5213:Bronze Age 5150:Capitalism 5075:Typography 5070:Television 5040:Philosophy 5025:Mādhyamaka 5020:Literature 4975:Sinosphere 4895:historical 4522:21 October 4343:16 October 4317:16 October 4157:gallup.com 2627:References 2520:Gulf Tiger 2057:Singapore 1942:Hong Kong 1784:Singapore 1753:Hong Kong 1700:Corruption 1623:Singapore 1609:Hong Kong 1574:Technology 1555:0.926 (–) 1512:Singapore 1492:Hong Kong 1413:1,443,411 1384:2,503,395 1381:1,823,852 1349:Singapore 1320:Hong Kong 1277:Industrial 1143:5,850,342 1137:Singapore 1108:7,496,981 1102:Hong Kong 1092:Population 1065:Death rate 1058:Birth rate 1031:Population 1024:Population 958:Singapore 944:Hong Kong 855:advocated 492:neoliberal 484:World Bank 469:electronic 396:Tamil name 377:Malay name 149:Wade–Giles 7849:Lithuania 7834:Indonesia 7768:Singapore 7748:Hong Kong 7609:Lion head 7517:Languages 7429:OB marker 7384:Education 7328:Transport 7229:President 7165:Elections 7117:Waterways 7060:Geography 6981:Singapore 6938:See also: 6903:Companies 6783:Australia 6763:Indonesia 6590:Retailing 5937:See also: 5722:Transport 5294:CrossAsia 5281:Education 5035:Mythology 5015:Languages 4995:Festivals 4943:Taiwanese 4850:Ryukyuans 4765:subgroups 4684:Hong Kong 4663:East Asia 4548:16 August 4458:30 August 4431:30 August 4405:30 August 4395:Visa Inc. 4191:16 August 3564:16 August 3544:16 August 3520:16 August 3496:16 August 3472:16 August 3448:16 August 3424:16 August 3399:16 August 3374:16 August 3349:16 August 3322:16 August 3295:16 August 3270:16 August 3246:16 August 3222:16 August 3192:154797937 3157:224090151 3149:0013-0613 3121:27 August 2930:153796598 2815:0014-2921 2617:1945–1971 1883:territory 1677:territory 1584:territory 1448:territory 1254:territory 1083:migration 1072:Fertility 1036:(per km) 1012:territory 923:territory 901:June 2024 838:Max Weber 775:PISA exam 750:, Taiwan 733:Hong Kong 703:Singapore 647:, China, 637:Indonesia 490:credited 446:Singapore 442:Hong Kong 51:Singapore 47:Hong Kong 7869:Thailand 7864:Slovakia 7854:Malaysia 7661:Category 7561:Religion 7512:Gambling 7303:Reserves 7265:Aviation 7202:Military 7136:Politics 7122:Wildlife 6985:articles 6541:Industry 6505:Currency 6400:Category 6243:Maritime 6168:Research 6051:Currency 5809:Red chip 5759:Rankings 5526:Currency 5401:Printing 5334:Military 5218:Iron Age 5132:Politics 5080:Yogācāra 5065:Surnames 5045:Religion 4955:Buddhism 4933:Japanese 4860:Tibetans 4831:in China 4821:Mongolic 4799:in Japan 4794:in China 4777:Japanese 4713:Mongolia 4694:Mainland 4542:Archived 4513:Archived 4484:Archived 4452:Archived 4337:Archived 4308:Archived 4281:13 March 4249:14 March 4240:Archived 4217:12 March 4211:Archived 4161:Archived 4127:Archived 4101:Archived 4080:Archived 4061:Archived 4037:Archived 4007:Archived 3977:Archived 3947:Archived 3917:Archived 3887:Archived 3855:Archived 3825:Archived 3795:Archived 3765:Archived 3735:Archived 3704:Archived 3674:Archived 3649:Archived 3633:Archived 3602:Archived 3558:Archived 3538:Archived 3514:Archived 3490:Archived 3466:Archived 3442:Archived 3418:Archived 3393:Archived 3368:Archived 3343:Archived 3338:BBC News 3316:Archived 3289:Archived 3264:Archived 3240:Archived 3216:Archived 3153:ProQuest 3112:Archived 3108:56207031 3050:Archived 2950:Archived 2934:Archived 2871:Archived 2846:Archived 2677:Archived 2409:See also 1726:business 1667:Politics 1410:785,589 1361:107,677 1355:615,293 1352:378,645 1326:488,654 1323:369,722 1281:rate (%) 1175:100,210 763:advanced 641:Malaysia 633:Thailand 587:status. 536:Malaysia 510:Overview 231:Jyutping 135:Bopomofo 7899:Vietnam 7839:Ireland 7824:Estonia 7733:Belgium 7728:Austria 7638:Outline 7614:Merlion 7581:Symbols 7539:history 7534:culture 7502:Cuisine 7479:Culture 7459:Smoking 7399:Five Cs 7369:Driving 7342:Society 7323:Tourism 7280:Dollar 7243:Economy 7180:Cabinet 7087:Islands 7082:Geology 7072:Beaches 7048:present 6993:History 6896:Chaebol 6803:Exports 6693:Finance 6631:Poverty 6605:Tourism 6585:Markets 6580:Fishing 6570:Defense 6463:History 6412:Commons 6263:Textile 6228:Defense 6199:Sectors 6005:History 5814:H share 5647:and tax 5460:History 5359:Sun Tzu 5195:History 5128:Economy 5108:Monsoon 5050:Scripts 5000:Gardens 4970:Cuisine 4928:Chinese 4907:Culture 4870:Uyghurs 4826:Mongols 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7566:Sports 7497:Cinema 7404:Health 7359:Caning 7293:Labour 7288:Energy 7219:Police 7102:Rivers 6983:  6788:Canada 6710:KOSDAQ 6669:Energy 6662:Energy 6248:Mining 6238:Energy 5884:Energy 5507:Taipan 5406:Swords 5233:Sports 4965:Cinema 4938:Korean 4880:Zhuang 4811:Manchu 4782:Yamato 4728:Taiwan 4706:Ryukyu 4595:  4043:2 June 4013:2 June 3625:  3594:  3311:Forbes 3190:  3155:  3147:  3106:  3098:  3012:  2958:EH.net 2928:  2918:  2838:  2813:  2771:  1921:SEACEN 1848:75.54 1819:70.83 1790:47.88 1759:44.86 1711:Global 1564:6,882 1524:7,345 1504:9,705 1428:272.6 1425:344.6 1399:457.5 1396:577.4 1393:1,103 1370:327.4 1367:372.9 1341:558.6 1338:496.9 1335:1,236 1279:growth 1234:0.13% 1228:0.66% 1219:81.04 1199:0.02% 1193:0.51% 1184:83.50 1164:0.47% 1158:0.45% 1149:84.07 1146:8,358 1129:0.40% 1114:85.29 1111:7,140 1105:1,106 1049:Median 846:. 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Index


South Korea
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Singapore
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese
Dragons
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Bopomofo
Wade–Giles
Tongyong Pinyin
Yale Romanization
IPA

Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Jyutping
IPA

Southern Min
Hokkien
POJ
Hangul
Hanja
Revised Romanization
McCune–Reischauer
Malay
Tamil

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