1087:
729:
1276:, laquelle englobe aussi le français ontarien et le français de l'Ouest canadien. Ces deux derniers possèdent des traits caractéristiques qui leur sont propres aujourd'hui dans l'ensemble canadien et qui s'expliquent surtout par un phénomène de conservatisme, mais il s'agit de variétés qui sont historiquement des prolongements du français québécois.
1279:
Il faut noter ici que le terme de «français canadien» avait autrefois un sens plus restreint, désignant le français du Québec et les variétés qui s'y rattachent directement, d'où l'emploi à cette époque de «canadianisme» pour parler d'un trait caractéristique du français du
513:) and, to a lesser extent, elsewhere in the country, depending largely on the proximity to Quebec and/or French Canadian influence on any given region. In New Brunswick, all government services must be available in both official languages.
696:
The term "Canadian French" was formerly used to refer specifically to Quebec French and the closely related varieties of
Ontario and Western Canada descended from it. This is presumably because Canada and Acadia were distinct parts of
478:
In 2011, the total number of native French speakers in Canada was around 7.3 million (22% of the entire population), while another 2 million spoke it as a second language. At the federal level, it has official status alongside
1272:"Le français du Québec a rayonné en Ontario et dans l'ouest du Canada, de même qu'en Nouvelle-Angleterre. Le français québécois et le français acadien peuvent être regroupés sous l'appellation plus large de
1250:. Halle: Niemeyer; Wittmann, Henri (1995) "Grammaire comparée des variétés coloniales du français populaire de Paris du 17 siècle et origines du français québécois." in Fournier, Robert & Henri Wittmann.
2439:
978:) of the English forms. With this kind of borrowing, every element comes from French, but what results from it as a whole reproduces, completely or partly, the image transmitted in English. The word
876:
from the
English language. The form is often exactly the same as in English (e.g., "glamour", "short", and "sweet"), but sometimes there is a slight adjustment to the French language (e.g., "
2099:
636:
of
Newfoundland. It is endangered—both Quebec French and Acadian French are now more widely spoken among Newfoundland Francophones than the distinctive peninsular dialect.
2432:
1211:
1380:
1319:
863:
4990:
3060:
2425:
1439:
1110:
3101:
2092:
1323:
3552:
2085:
2066:
715:
French in the
Americas whereas Acadian French, Cajun French, and Newfoundland French are derivatives of non-koiné local dialects in France.
2306:
1130:
529:
660:
identical to Quebec French. It is believed to have resulted from a localized levelling of contact dialects between Québécois and
Acadian
3226:
3114:
1151:
5033:
4341:
1432:
1374:
812:
4401:
1215:
746:
3689:
3294:
3094:
1517:
1100:
984:, for instance, is formed under English influence and does not exist in standard French (which would instead use the phrasing "
1357:
793:
4489:
4390:
1997:
750:
1565:
765:
895:" is an example of hybrid anglicism; it is made up of the English verb "to boost", to which the French suffix –er is added.
4297:
3975:
2385:
2976:
1901:
5038:
4424:
3827:
2884:
2837:
1921:
1425:
943:" ("a good ten minutes"), for instance, comes from the English language; the more conventional French wording would be "
930:
524:
is spoken in Quebec. Closely related varieties are spoken by
Francophone communities in Ontario, Western Canada and the
509:
772:
4865:
4303:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3201:
2636:
2154:
2043:
1807:
1352:
1072:
4586:
4158:
3593:
3151:
3087:
2730:
2715:
2365:
2174:
2169:
2133:
4085:
4173:
3694:
3535:
3502:
3250:
3179:
3161:
3144:
3139:
3129:
2878:
1467:
1105:
898:
Semantic anglicisms are French words used in a sense which exists in
English but not in French. Examples include
779:
468:
163:
143:
35:
885:
Hybrid anglicisms are new words, formed by the addition of a French element to an
English word. This element (a
5028:
5023:
5018:
4878:
4782:
3655:
3382:
3330:
1141:
4246:
3791:
3672:
3645:
3521:
3467:
3174:
3134:
2678:
2496:
2491:
2448:
2164:
1881:
1817:
1764:
1575:
840:
761:
739:
589:
171:
158:
133:
4964:
4360:
4180:
3598:
3544:
3196:
2942:
2867:
2666:
2062:
2049:
2028:
1022:
926:
633:
248:
4264:
3677:
4996:
4941:
4747:
4742:
4395:
4373:
4192:
4015:
3484:
3440:
3387:
3066:
2953:
2842:
2749:
1125:
934:
702:
541:
500:
4660:
3628:
1630:
1522:
1327:
4946:
4730:
4720:
4336:
4309:
4235:
4143:
4095:
3894:
3822:
3774:
3768:
3731:
3714:
3211:
3033:
2963:
2936:
2832:
2573:
2033:
1845:
1734:
1590:
1557:
1484:
569:
464:
460:
101:
93:
4694:
4431:
4323:
4291:
4285:
4127:
3906:
3866:
3832:
3736:
3660:
3603:
3424:
3022:
2852:
2710:
2672:
2501:
2286:
2207:
2108:
2038:
2002:
1678:
1547:
1448:
1120:
628:
472:
409:
179:
43:
3802:
2474:
188:
183:
4936:
4665:
4521:
4479:
4445:
4439:
4329:
4272:
4229:
4212:
3950:
3943:
3837:
3779:
3584:
3567:
3508:
3364:
3352:
3231:
3169:
2995:
2651:
2613:
2544:
2511:
2344:
2319:
2012:
1947:
1789:
1726:
1711:
1580:
1502:
1497:
553:
4714:
3842:
3206:
585:
565:
4893:
4872:
4792:
4752:
4735:
4611:
4539:
4533:
4457:
4349:
4259:
4200:
4112:
4070:
3871:
3817:
3704:
3682:
3623:
3608:
3579:
3562:
3472:
3435:
3404:
3392:
3311:
3299:
3216:
3191:
3185:
3110:
2987:
2822:
2690:
2641:
2534:
2524:
2197:
1992:
1942:
1797:
1779:
1774:
1754:
1749:
1701:
1635:
1370:
1115:
712:
685:
371:
153:
786:
4846:
4836:
4821:
4809:
4725:
4674:
4638:
4616:
4603:
4597:
4571:
4526:
4515:
4419:
4384:
4368:
4217:
4205:
4138:
4102:
4090:
4058:
3983:
3955:
3928:
3758:
3753:
3741:
3721:
3709:
3650:
3557:
3514:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3409:
3340:
3324:
3221:
3028:
2982:
2958:
2907:
2902:
2890:
2767:
2695:
2539:
2529:
2483:
2324:
2192:
1987:
1977:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1876:
1871:
1861:
1827:
1769:
1716:
1663:
1625:
1570:
1532:
1492:
1462:
645:
557:
480:
325:
138:
39:
1412:
4930:
4916:
4797:
4699:
4689:
4633:
4484:
4472:
4412:
4407:
4222:
4151:
4133:
4080:
4010:
3967:
3860:
3812:
3699:
3665:
3618:
3613:
3335:
3267:
3239:
3016:
2948:
2918:
2817:
2740:
2720:
2700:
2646:
2554:
2334:
2235:
2184:
2117:
1982:
1972:
1967:
1926:
1835:
1802:
1759:
1706:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1645:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1585:
1537:
1527:
657:
605:
528:
region of the United States, differing only from Quebec French primarily by their greater
429:
405:
388:
287:
193:
125:
31:
3933:
2608:
2329:
2291:
1595:
576:
1032:
604:
in addition to French, and over the years they developed a unique mixed language called
4981:
4888:
4883:
4804:
4684:
4646:
4378:
4027:
3938:
3884:
3854:
3746:
3430:
3358:
3304:
3053:
2872:
2862:
2777:
2705:
2656:
2603:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2563:
2519:
2417:
2360:
2339:
2296:
2274:
2202:
2138:
2125:
1916:
1866:
1840:
1739:
1600:
1542:
1364:
1248:
Study of the
Acadian-French language spoken on the north shore of the Baie-des-Chaleurs
1200:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24).
649:
621:
617:
548:
437:
433:
292:
276:
1201:
5012:
4923:
4826:
4814:
4546:
4254:
3911:
3849:
3345:
3079:
2857:
2684:
2618:
2598:
2406:
2252:
2225:
2159:
1906:
1512:
1507:
1235:
1146:
1092:
1040:
708:
613:
609:
601:
488:
445:
417:
413:
258:
89:
608:
by combining Métis French nouns, numerals, articles and adjectives with Cree verbs,
34:. For the historical and sociological aspects of the French language in Canada, see
4705:
4565:
3960:
2847:
2725:
2661:
2314:
2220:
2077:
2007:
1911:
1668:
1135:
678:
is an informal variety of French spoken in working-class neighbourhoods in Quebec.
653:
283:
243:
4621:
1812:
561:
4107:
17:
4767:
4760:
4497:
4063:
4032:
2970:
2782:
2772:
1653:
728:
525:
456:
105:
97:
4045:
4037:
3638:
3397:
2930:
2801:
2795:
2788:
2212:
1744:
1180:
1175:
1082:
1048:
1044:
873:
705:, until 1867. The term is no longer usually deemed to exclude Acadian French.
698:
540:
has also been used for the entire dialect group. The overwhelming majority of
253:
4841:
4679:
4021:
3316:
2761:
1658:
1306:"Banque de dépannage linguistique - Office québécois de la langue française"
1206:
1068:
848:
844:
836:
826:
597:
593:
536:
has limited applications as a collective label for all these varieties, and
358:
346:
238:
4467:
4005:
1255:
889:, for instance) sometimes replaces a similar element of the English word. "
620:
and pronouns. Both the Michif language and the Métis dialect of French are
854:
According to some, French spoken in Canada includes many anglicisms. The "
4831:
4626:
4462:
4278:
3726:
3574:
1353:
The lexical basis of grammatical borrowing: a Prince Edward Island French
581:
504:
441:
400:
85:
4450:
4315:
4075:
4053:
3993:
3988:
3477:
3462:
2755:
973:
753: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
711:, Quebec French, Métis French and Brayon French are representatives of
661:
648:, New Brunswick, and, to a lesser extent, Aroostook County, Maine, and
492:
452:
425:
330:
81:
1417:
424:
referred solely to Quebec French and the closely related varieties of
4652:
3998:
3921:
3901:
3633:
2924:
2912:
2895:
2629:
2390:
2269:
2262:
1064:
916:("floor/surface") in the sense of "floor" (level of a building), and
886:
684:
is a blending of
Acadian French syntax and vocabulary, with numerous
640:
484:
77:
1254:. Trois-Rivières: Presses universitaires de Trois-Rivières, 281–334.
503:. Government services are offered in French at select localities in
483:. At the provincial level, French is the sole official language of
3916:
3889:
2827:
2624:
2568:
2279:
2257:
1305:
1012:
680:
674:
496:
449:
148:
491:
and jointly official (derived from its federal legal status) in
3083:
2421:
2081:
1421:
925:
Syntactic anglicisms are those relating to the word order of a
1402:, 1. Edmonton, Alta.: Linguistic Research. Without ISBN or SBN
1008:("list price") are other morphological examples of anglicisms.
722:
1295:. Trois-Rivières: Presses universitaires de Trois-Rivières.
100:, but present throughout the country); smaller numbers in
922:("harm/injury") in the sense of "(unfavorable) opinion".
970:
Morphological anglicisms are literal translations (or
572:
is a variety of Acadian French spoken in Nova Scotia.
868:
distinguishes between different kinds of anglicisms:
672:
There are two main sub-varieties of Canadian French.
656:
descendant of Acadian French, analysis reveals it is
4957:
4908:
4857:
4781:
4585:
4558:
4507:
4359:
4245:
4191:
4172:
3801:
3790:
3543:
3534:
3495:
3375:
3260:
3249:
3160:
3122:
3009:
2810:
2739:
2553:
2510:
2482:
2473:
2456:
2399:
2378:
2353:
2305:
2243:
2234:
2183:
2147:
2124:
2021:
1935:
1894:
1854:
1826:
1788:
1725:
1677:
1644:
1556:
1483:
1476:
1455:
552:is spoken by over 350,000 Acadians in parts of the
370:
356:
344:
339:
313:
303:
298:
273:
231:
122:
112:
72:
65:
51:
1212:Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
1015:peculiar to the English language. The expressions
27:Varieties of the French language spoken in Canada
904:("postpone") in the sense of "to have a break",
967:("search/look ") is also a syntactic anglicism.
3095:
2433:
2093:
1433:
882:", which comes from the English word "drab").
860:" (Language Troubleshooting Database) by the
851:mixture of the French and English languages.
108:(especially Maine and Vermont), United States
8:
1291:Robert Fournier & Henri Wittmann. 1995.
1058:
1052:
1026:
1016:
1003:
997:
991:
985:
979:
971:
962:
956:
950:
944:
938:
917:
911:
905:
899:
890:
877:
861:
855:
830:
487:as well as one of two official languages of
57:
4991:languages with more than 5 million speakers
3061:varieties with more than 5 million speakers
1195:
1193:
872:Complete anglicisms are words or groups of
835:) is related to the linguistic concepts of
4574:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
4188:
3798:
3540:
3257:
3102:
3088:
3080:
2479:
2440:
2426:
2418:
2240:
2100:
2086:
2078:
1480:
1440:
1426:
1418:
910:in the sense of "miserable" or "pitiful",
48:
1369:. Montreal: Ulysses Travel Guides. 2004.
1047:terms are used in Canada to refer to the
813:Learn how and when to remove this message
1396:Linguistic Diversity in Canadian Society
1138:– the official keyboard layout of Canada
1011:Finally, sentencial anglicisms are loan
399:
1320:Office québécois de la langue française
1168:
864:Office québécois de la langue française
632:is spoken by a small population on the
408:as it is spoken in Canada. It includes
30:This article is about a dialect of the
1111:Association québécoise de linguistique
7:
1131:French language in the United States
751:adding citations to reliable sources
652:of Quebec. Although superficially a
1152:French colonization of the Americas
4995:Languages between parentheses are
3065:Languages between parentheses are
25:
4875:(unknown further classification)
1366:Canadian French for better travel
412:, the most prominent of which is
2109:Varieties of the French language
1413:Audio example of Canadian French
1085:
857:Banque de dépannage linguistique
727:
1218:from the original on 2023-11-11
1101:Official bilingualism in Canada
738:needs additional citations for
4999:of the language on their left.
4869:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
3069:of the language on their left.
949:". The use of the preposition
1:
2386:French-based creole languages
1035:") are sentencial anglicisms.
2215:(England, Wales and Ireland)
1922:Labrador Inuit Pidgin French
1394:Darnell, Regna, ed. (1971).
1236:Ethnologue report for Canada
1018:ajouter l'insulte à l'injure
510:French Language Services Act
118:7,300,000 (2011 census)
4866:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
2044:Plains Indian Sign Language
469:Newfoundland & Labrador
401:[fʁãˈsɛkanaˈd͡zjɛ̃]
5055:
4568:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
3594:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
3388:Central−Southern Calabrian
1895:Pidgins, creoles and mixed
584:and Western Canada by the
29:
5034:French language in Canada
4973:
4123:
3044:
2115:
2059:
1293:Le français des Amériques
1252:Le français des Amériques
1106:French language in Canada
1002:("conference call"), and
862:
305:Official language in
56:
36:French language in Canada
3876:North American dialects
3383:Extreme Southern Italian
1902:Algonquian–Basque pidgin
1142:Canadian Language Museum
955:("for") after the verbs
3295:Central−Northern Latian
2449:Gallo-Romance languages
1400:Sociolinguistics Series
1267:Le régionalisme lexical
1265:Francard and Latin, in
1186:(subscription required)
1075:, and Canadian French.
530:linguistic conservatism
507:, Ontario (through the
459:(including the dialect
3599:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
2067:Canadian dictionaries
2050:Maritime Sign Language
2029:American Sign Language
1518:Malecite-Passamaquoddy
1246:Geddes, James (1908).
1059:
1053:
1027:
1017:
1004:
998:
992:
986:
980:
972:
963:
957:
951:
945:
939:
918:
912:
906:
900:
891:
878:
856:
831:
634:Port au Port Peninsula
517:Dialects and varieties
392:
58:
38:. For the people, see
4086:Poitevin–Saintongeais
3059:A star (*) indicates
2954:Poitevin-Saintongeais
2885:Labrador Inuit Pidgin
2063:Canadian style guides
1202:"Glottolog 4.8 - Oil"
1126:Quebec French lexicon
703:British North America
542:francophone Canadians
501:Northwest Territories
440:, which is spoken by
3895:St. Marys Bay French
3419:Neapolitan–Calabrese
2034:Quebec Sign Language
1477:Indigenous languages
1383:on October 19, 2021.
1158:Notes and references
1023:add insult to injury
747:improve this article
570:St. Marys Bay French
556:, Newfoundland, the
544:speak this dialect.
465:Prince Edward Island
461:St. Marys Bay French
455:) and some areas of
102:emigrant communities
94:Prince Edward Island
5039:Languages of Canada
4247:Galician–Portuguese
3273:Central Marchigiano
2512:Bourbonnais Creoles
2003:Pennsylvania German
1449:Languages of Canada
1121:Languages of Canada
996:("all year long"),
658:morphosyntactically
629:Newfoundland French
622:severely endangered
600:. Many Métis spoke
596:fathers during the
473:Newfoundland French
315:Recognised minority
44:Canadians in France
4661:Catalan Ribagorçan
4508:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
3780:Judaeo-Piedmontese
3690:Bustocco–Legnanese
3485:Northern Calabrian
2039:Inuk Sign Language
1998:Newfoundland Irish
1963:Tagalog (Filipino)
1936:Minority languages
1808:Heiltsuk-Oowekyala
1566:Babine-Witsuwitʼen
1456:Official languages
1360:. Edwards, John R.
1358:Language in Canada
1073:Français québécois
1054:des "sabirisation"
946:dix bonnes minutes
940:un bon dix minutes
937:. The expression "
686:lexical borrowings
554:Maritime Provinces
436:—in contrast with
410:multiple varieties
76:Canada (primarily
5006:
5005:
4982:extinct languages
4904:
4903:
4581:
4580:
4540:Navarro-Aragonese
4425:Peruvian Ribereño
4350:Judaeo-Portuguese
4265:Galician–Asturian
4168:
4167:
4159:Old Gallo-Romance
4113:Wisconsin Walloon
3530:
3529:
3503:Dalmatian Romance
3111:Romance languages
3077:
3076:
3054:extinct languages
3010:Francoprovencalic
3005:
3004:
2988:Wisconsin Walloon
2415:
2414:
2374:
2373:
2216:
2075:
2074:
1993:Doukhobor Russian
1890:
1889:
1274:français canadien
1184:(18th ed., 2015)
1116:History of French
1028:sonner une cloche
823:
822:
815:
797:
762:"Canadian French"
719:Use of anglicisms
588:, descendants of
562:Lower North Shore
534:Laurentian French
475:is also spoken).
393:français canadien
382:
381:
59:Français canadien
18:Français canadien
16:(Redirected from
5046:
4527:Judaeo-Aragonese
4516:Andalusi Romance
4369:Amazonic Spanish
4206:Western Asturian
4189:
4128:Franco-Provençal
3799:
3695:Comasco–Lecchese
3553:Emilian–Romagnol
3541:
3341:Regional Italian
3331:Italo-Australian
3258:
3180:Megleno-Romanian
3104:
3097:
3090:
3081:
3023:Franco-Provençal
3019:/Faetar-Cigliàje
2908:Louisiana French
2903:Louisiana Creole
2716:Saint-Barthélemy
2484:Antillean Creole
2480:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2419:
2366:Saint-Barthélemy
2241:
2214:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2079:
1988:Hutterite German
1481:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1419:
1384:
1379:. Archived from
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1326:. Archived from
1316:
1310:
1309:
1302:
1296:
1289:
1283:
1263:
1257:
1244:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1197:
1188:
1187:
1173:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1062:
1056:
1030:
1020:
1007:
1001:
999:appel conférence
995:
993:À l'année longue
989:
987:détail technique
983:
977:
966:
960:
954:
948:
942:
921:
915:
909:
903:
894:
881:
867:
866:
859:
834:
818:
811:
807:
804:
798:
796:
755:
731:
723:
709:Phylogenetically
692:Historical usage
646:Madawaska County
558:Magdalen Islands
403:
398:
378:
349:
317:language in
279:
128:
61:
49:
40:French Canadians
21:
5054:
5053:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5043:
5029:French dialects
5024:French language
5019:Canadian French
5009:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4969:
4953:
4931:Pannonian Latin
4917:African Romance
4900:
4853:
4784:
4777:
4715:Judeo-Provençal
4588:
4577:
4554:
4503:
4413:Chilean Chilote
4355:
4241:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4164:
4152:Moselle Romance
4119:
3968:Missouri French
3929:Franco-Ontarian
3804:
3793:
3786:
3526:
3491:
3468:Southern Latian
3371:
3336:Maltese Italian
3268:Central Italian
3252:
3245:
3240:Common Romanian
3156:
3140:Italo-Dalmatian
3118:
3108:
3078:
3073:
3072:
3040:
3001:
2919:Moselle Romance
2879:Karipúna Creole
2806:
2735:
2647:Franco-Ontarian
2549:
2506:
2469:
2464:Canadian French
2452:
2446:
2416:
2411:
2395:
2370:
2349:
2301:
2230:
2179:
2143:
2120:
2118:Standard French
2111:
2106:
2076:
2071:
2055:
2017:
1983:Canadian Gaelic
1931:
1886:
1882:Coast Tsimshian
1850:
1822:
1784:
1721:
1673:
1640:
1552:
1472:
1451:
1446:
1409:
1391:
1389:Further reading
1377:
1363:
1349:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1331:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1290:
1286:
1264:
1260:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1230:
1221:
1219:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1185:
1176:French (Canada)
1174:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1051:. Examples are
929:and the use of
819:
808:
802:
799:
756:
754:
744:
732:
721:
694:
670:
566:Gaspé Peninsula
519:
448:(including the
430:Franco-Ontarian
422:Canadian French
406:French language
396:
385:Canadian French
376:
345:
335:
318:
316:
306:
299:Official status
291:
288:French alphabet
280:
275:
269:
234:
227:
199:Canadian French
176:Gallo-Rhaetian?
164:Western Romance
144:Latino-Faliscan
129:
126:Language family
124:
115:
114:Native speakers
52:Canadian French
47:
32:French language
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5052:
5050:
5042:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5011:
5010:
5004:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4993:
4984:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4944:
4934:
4927:
4920:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4870:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4789:
4787:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4757:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4682:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4655:
4650:
4647:Judaeo-Catalan
4643:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4614:
4606:
4593:
4591:
4583:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4569:
4562:
4560:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4536:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4519:
4511:
4509:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4428:
4427:
4417:
4416:
4415:
4402:Latin American
4398:
4393:
4381:
4379:Judaeo-Spanish
4376:
4371:
4365:
4363:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4306:
4301:
4294:
4282:
4275:
4270:
4269:
4268:
4257:
4251:
4249:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4232:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4197:
4195:
4186:
4170:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4030:
4025:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3953:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3874:
3869:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3846:
3845:
3840:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3809:
3807:
3796:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3772:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3692:
3687:
3686:
3685:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3663:
3648:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3549:
3547:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3522:Judaeo-Italian
3519:
3518:
3517:
3512:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3390:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3355:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3264:
3262:
3255:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3182:
3177:
3175:Istro-Romanian
3172:
3166:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3123:Major branches
3120:
3119:
3115:classification
3109:
3107:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3084:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3063:
3057:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3020:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2980:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2951:
2946:
2939:
2934:
2927:
2922:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2888:
2881:
2876:
2873:Haitian Creole
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2843:Burundi Pidgin
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2758:
2753:
2745:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2681:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2560:
2558:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2488:
2486:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2422:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2407:Français signé
2403:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2249:
2247:
2238:
2236:North American
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2189:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2130:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2022:Sign languages
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1917:Chinook Jargon
1914:
1909:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1818:Nuu-chah-nulth
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1489:
1487:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1408:
1407:External links
1405:
1404:
1403:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1361:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1330:on 14 May 2011
1311:
1297:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1258:
1239:
1228:
1189:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1080:
1077:
1037:
1036:
1009:
968:
923:
896:
883:
821:
820:
735:
733:
726:
720:
717:
701:, and also of
693:
690:
688:from English.
669:
666:
618:interrogatives
610:demonstratives
549:Acadian French
518:
515:
438:Acadian French
434:Western Canada
380:
379:
374:
368:
367:
362:
354:
353:
350:
342:
341:
340:Language codes
337:
336:
334:
333:
328:
322:United States
321:
319:
314:
311:
310:
307:
304:
301:
300:
296:
295:
293:French Braille
281:
277:Writing system
274:
271:
270:
268:
267:
266:
265:
264:
263:
262:
261:
237:
235:
232:
229:
228:
226:
225:
224:
223:
222:
221:
220:
219:
218:
217:
216:
215:
214:
213:
212:
211:
210:
209:
208:
207:
206:
205:
204:
203:
202:
201:
168:Gallo-Iberian?
132:
130:
123:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
74:
73:Native to
70:
69:
67:
63:
62:
54:
53:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5051:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5014:
4998:
4994:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4972:
4966:
4965:Proto-Romance
4963:
4962:
4960:
4958:Reconstructed
4956:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4924:British Latin
4921:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4803:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4780:
4770:
4769:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4743:Vivaro-Alpine
4741:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4584:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4549:
4548:
4547:Old Navarrese
4544:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4441:
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4418:
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4409:
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4399:
4397:
4396:Equatoguinean
4394:
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4380:
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3646:Judeo-Italian
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3466:
3464:
3461:
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3441:Castelmezzano
3439:
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3428:
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3426:
3422:
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3378:
3374:
3366:
3363:
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3360:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3346:Swiss Italian
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3315:
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3306:
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3263:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3248:
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3227:Transylvanian
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3186:Daco-Romanian
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3135:Italo-Western
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3116:
3112:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3091:
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2858:Frainc-Comtou
2856:
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2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2685:Middle French
2682:
2680:
2677:
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2674:
2670:
2668:
2665:
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2660:
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1324:"Anglicismes"
1321:
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1147:Maillardville
1145:
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1132:
1129:
1127:
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1093:Canada portal
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1006:
1005:prix de liste
1000:
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988:
982:
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961:("ask ") and
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936:
932:
928:
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814:
806:
795:
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788:
785:
781:
778:
774:
771:
767:
764: –
763:
759:
758:Find sources:
752:
748:
742:
741:
736:This section
734:
730:
725:
724:
718:
716:
714:
710:
706:
704:
700:
691:
689:
687:
683:
682:
677:
676:
668:Sub-varieties
667:
665:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
644:is spoken in
643:
642:
641:Brayon French
637:
635:
631:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
614:postpositions
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
590:First Nations
587:
583:
580:is spoken in
579:
578:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
550:
545:
543:
539:
538:Quebec French
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:Quebec French
516:
514:
512:
511:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:New Brunswick
486:
482:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
451:
447:
446:New Brunswick
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
418:Quebec French
415:
411:
407:
402:
394:
390:
386:
375:
373:
369:
366:
363:
361:
360:
355:
351:
348:
343:
338:
332:
329:
327:
324:
323:
320:
312:
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294:
289:
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282:
278:
272:
260:
259:Middle French
257:
256:
255:
252:
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250:
249:Proto-Romance
247:
246:
245:
242:
241:
240:
236:
230:
200:
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196:
195:
192:
191:
190:
187:
186:
185:
181:
178:
177:
175:
174:
173:
172:Gallo-Romance
170:
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167:
166:
165:
162:
161:
160:
159:Italo-Western
157:
156:
155:
152:
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150:
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146:
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141:
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137:
136:
135:
134:Indo-European
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117:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
90:New Brunswick
87:
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79:
75:
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68:
66:Pronunciation
64:
60:
55:
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4986:
4977:
4929:
4922:
4915:
4864:
4766:
4759:
4721:Languedocien
4713:
4706:Judeo-Gascon
4704:
4645:
4596:
4566:Barranquenho
4545:
4538:
4514:
4496:
4438:
4400:
4383:
4374:Extremaduran
4348:
4322:
4308:
4296:
4284:
4277:
4234:
4193:Asturleonese
4157:
4150:
4108:West Walloon
4096:Saintongeais
4044:
4020:
4016:Anglo-Norman
3974:
3907:Newfoundland
3879:
3867:Jersey Legal
3859:
3767:
3732:Southwestern
3715:Vallassinese
3604:Gallo-Picene
3545:Gallo-Italic
3507:
3423:
3418:
3357:
3323:
3238:
3184:
3049:
2994:
2975:
2964:Saintongeais
2941:
2929:
2917:
2883:
2848:Camfranglais
2794:
2787:
2760:
2750:Anglo-Norman
2748:
2711:Newfoundland
2696:Metropolitan
2683:
2673:Jersey Legal
2671:
2662:Houma French
2502:Saint Lucian
2463:
2457:Areal groups
2451:and dialects
2287:Newfoundland
2244:
2208:Jersey Legal
2061:
2048:
2008:Plautdietsch
1669:Inuvialuktun
1399:
1395:
1381:the original
1365:
1332:. Retrieved
1328:the original
1314:
1300:
1292:
1287:
1273:
1266:
1261:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1231:
1220:. Retrieved
1205:
1179:
1171:
1136:CSA keyboard
1038:
981:technicalité
935:conjunctions
931:prepositions
853:
824:
809:
800:
790:
783:
776:
769:
757:
745:Please help
740:verification
737:
707:
695:
679:
673:
671:
654:phonological
639:
638:
627:
626:
592:mothers and
577:Métis French
575:
574:
547:
546:
537:
533:
521:
520:
508:
477:
421:
420:). Formerly
384:
383:
364:
357:
284:Latin script
244:Vulgar Latin
198:
4942:Campidanese
4768:Old Catalan
4761:Old Occitan
4498:Old Spanish
4432:Rioplatense
4236:Old Leonese
4064:Cotentinais
4028:Guernésiais
3951:Frenchville
3944:New England
3823:Bourbonnais
3775:Piedmontese
3769:Old Lombard
3661:Bergamasque
3585:Sammarinese
3056:or dialects
2943:Petit nègre
2833:Bourbonnais
2778:Guernésiais
2773:Cotentinais
2652:Frenchville
2614:New England
2545:Seychellois
2345:New England
2320:Frenchville
1846:Assiniboine
1735:Bella Coola
1654:Inuinnaqtun
1033:ring a bell
532:. The term
526:New England
457:Nova Scotia
233:Early forms
106:New England
98:Nova Scotia
5013:Categories
4989:indicates
4947:Logudorese
4480:Philippine
4446:Andalusian
4440:Peninsular
4330:Estremenho
4286:Portuguese
4213:Cantabrian
4046:Law French
4038:Sercquiais
3872:Meridional
3833:Champenois
3828:Burgundian
3639:Tabarchino
3629:Monégasque
3568:Parmigiano
3425:Neapolitan
3398:Manduriano
3365:Florentine
3232:Wallachian
3202:Bukovinian
2931:Old French
2853:Champenois
2838:Burgundian
2802:Sercquiais
2796:Old Norman
2789:Law French
2731:Vietnamese
2691:Meridional
2525:Chagossian
2198:Meridional
2170:Vietnamese
1745:Halkomelem
1558:Athabaskan
1548:Potawatomi
1485:Algonquian
1347:References
1222:2023-11-11
1181:Ethnologue
1049:vernacular
1045:pejorative
1041:colloquial
1039:Academic,
907:pathétique
874:loan words
847:, and the
832:anglicisme
773:newspapers
699:New France
397:pronounced
254:Old French
4997:varieties
4980:indicate
4937:Sardinian
4894:Triestine
4842:Sursilvan
4753:Mentonasc
4731:Provençal
4680:Auvergnat
4666:Valencian
4622:Mallorcan
4612:Algherese
4587:Occitano-
4534:Navarrese
4522:Aragonese
4458:Castilian
4361:Castilian
4337:Uruguayan
4310:Brazilian
4273:Minderico
4267:/Eonavian
4230:Mirandese
4144:Valdôtain
4130:/Arpitan
4071:Orléanais
4022:Auregnais
4006:Mayennais
3956:Louisiana
3838:Ardennais
3818:Berrichon
3624:Intemelio
3580:Forlivese
3563:Bolognese
3509:Dalmatian
3473:Tarantino
3436:Benevento
3393:Salentino
3353:Sassarese
3317:Gallurese
3300:Romanesco
3253:Dalmatian
3217:Moldavian
3212:Maramureș
3170:Aromanian
3067:varieties
3052:indicate
3034:Valdôtain
3025:/Arpitan
2996:Zarphatic
2937:Orléanais
2823:Berrichon
2762:Auregnais
2637:Cambodian
2619:Québécois
2540:Rodriguan
2530:Mauritian
2497:Grenadian
2492:Dominican
2354:Caribbean
2325:Louisiana
2155:Cambodian
2013:Ukrainian
1948:Cantonese
1813:Kwakʼwala
1712:Tuscarora
1679:Iroquoian
1659:Inuktitut
1631:Tsuutʼina
1581:Chipewyan
1576:Chilcotin
1503:Blackfoot
1498:Algonquin
1269:, write:
1207:Glottolog
1069:Franglais
919:préjudice
849:macaronic
845:diglossia
841:barbarism
837:loanwords
827:anglicism
825:The term
803:June 2020
598:fur trade
414:Québécois
404:) is the
359:Glottolog
347:ISO 639-3
239:Old Latin
4873:Venetian
4847:Vallader
4837:Surmiran
4810:Cadorino
4793:Friulian
4726:Limousin
4695:Béarnese
4657:Western
4639:Northern
4627:Menorcan
4617:Balearic
4608:Eastern
4604:dialects
4463:Castrapo
4420:Peruvian
4391:dialects
4324:European
4292:dialects
4279:Portugis
4260:Galician
4201:Asturian
4139:Savoyard
4091:Poitevin
4059:Cauchois
4033:Jèrriais
3880:Canadian
3759:Varesino
3754:Ticinese
3742:Novarese
3737:Cremunés
3727:Ossolano
3722:Milanese
3710:Lecchese
3678:Brianzöö
3609:Ligurian
3575:Romagnol
3456:Arianese
3451:Irpinian
3446:Cilentan
3410:Pantesco
3405:Sicilian
3376:Southern
3312:Corsican
3288:Macerata
3283:Fabriano
3222:Oltenian
3192:dialects
3152:Southern
3029:Savoyard
2959:Poitevin
2868:Guianese
2783:Jèrriais
2768:Cauchois
2721:Standard
2701:Missouri
2642:Francien
2592:Kinshasa
2335:Missouri
2245:Canadian
2185:European
2175:Lebanese
2134:Maghrebi
1943:Mandarin
1798:Ditidaht
1790:Wakashan
1780:Thompson
1775:Squamish
1765:shíshálh
1755:Okanagan
1750:Lillooet
1727:Salishan
1702:Onondaga
1636:Tutchone
1591:Gwichʼin
1280:Québec."
1216:Archived
1079:See also
964:chercher
958:demander
927:sentence
913:plancher
901:ajourner
662:settlers
594:voyageur
582:Manitoba
564:and the
505:Manitoba
499:and the
442:Acadians
326:New York
86:Manitoba
4978:Italics
4879:Chipilo
4822:Romansh
4785:Romance
4783:Rhaeto-
4748:Gardiol
4700:Landese
4690:Aranese
4675:Occitan
4634:Central
4598:Catalan
4589:Romance
4490:Creoles
4485:Saharan
4473:Murcian
4451:Llanito
4408:Chilean
4385:Spanish
4342:Creoles
4316:Mineiro
4298:African
4223:Riberan
4218:Leonese
4183:Iberian
4176:Romance
4103:Walloon
4076:Paydret
4054:Augeron
3994:Vosgien
3989:Gaumais
3984:Lorrain
3976:Creoles
3939:Muskrat
3885:Acadian
3813:Angevin
3803:Langues
3794:Romance
3700:Comasco
3673:Western
3666:Cremish
3656:Eastern
3651:Lombard
3619:Genoese
3614:Brigasc
3558:Emilian
3536:Western
3515:Istriot
3478:Vastese
3463:Molisan
3325:Italian
3261:Central
3207:Crișana
3162:Eastern
3145:Western
3130:Eastern
3050:Italics
2983:Walloon
2977:Tây Bồi
2891:Lorrain
2818:Angevin
2756:Augeron
2706:Muskrat
2679:Laotian
2657:Haitian
2604:Belgian
2587:Abidjan
2581:African
2564:Acadian
2535:Réunion
2520:Agalega
2379:Related
2361:Haitian
2340:Muskrat
2297:Ontario
2275:Acadian
2203:Belgian
2165:Laotian
2139:African
2126:African
1978:Italian
1958:Spanish
1953:Punjabi
1877:Tlingit
1872:Kutenai
1862:Beothuk
1770:Shuswap
1760:Saanich
1717:Wyandot
1664:Inupiaq
1626:Tahltan
1571:Carrier
1533:Naskapi
1523:Miꞌkmaq
1493:Abenaki
1463:English
1025:") and
974:calques
892:Booster
787:scholar
493:Nunavut
481:English
471:(where
453:dialect
426:Ontario
331:Vermont
180:Arpitan
154:Romance
82:Ontario
4909:Others
4889:Talian
4884:Fiuman
4858:Others
4798:Fornes
4736:Niçard
4685:Gascon
4653:Patuet
4559:Others
4468:Castúo
4174:Ibero-
4134:Faetar
4081:Picard
4011:Norman
3999:Welche
3922:Magoua
3912:Quebec
3902:Brayon
3861:French
3843:Rémois
3792:Gallo-
3747:Pavese
3705:Laghée
3683:Canzés
3634:Royasc
3496:Others
3431:Barese
3359:Tuscan
3305:Sabino
3278:Ancona
3251:Italo-
3017:Faetar
2949:Picard
2925:Nouchi
2913:Michif
2896:Welche
2811:Others
2741:Norman
2667:Indian
2630:Magoua
2599:Aostan
2555:French
2400:Signed
2391:Michif
2270:Brayon
2263:Magoua
2253:Quebec
2226:Aostan
2193:French
2160:Indian
1973:German
1968:Arabic
1927:Michif
1912:Bungee
1836:Stoney
1828:Siouan
1803:Haisla
1707:Seneca
1697:Oneida
1692:Mohawk
1687:Cayuga
1621:Tagish
1616:Slavey
1611:Sekani
1606:Nicola
1586:Dogrib
1543:Ottawa
1538:Ojibwe
1528:Munsee
1468:French
1373:
1065:pidgin
1057:(from
1043:, and
1013:idioms
887:suffix
789:
782:
775:
768:
760:
650:Beauce
606:Michif
560:, the
485:Quebec
432:) and
389:French
309:Canada
194:French
139:Italic
96:, and
78:Quebec
4832:Putèr
4827:Jauer
4815:Nones
4805:Ladin
4304:Asian
3961:Houma
3934:Métis
3917:Joual
3890:Chiac
3855:Gallo
3805:d'oïl
3197:Banat
2863:Gallo
2828:Bolze
2726:Swiss
2625:Joual
2609:Métis
2569:Chiac
2330:Métis
2315:Houma
2292:Métis
2280:Chiac
2258:Joual
2221:Swiss
2148:Asian
1867:Haida
1855:other
1841:Sioux
1740:Comox
1646:Inuit
1601:Kaska
1398:, in
1334:5 May
1163:Notes
1060:sabir
879:drabe
794:JSTOR
780:books
713:koiné
681:Chiac
675:Joual
586:Métis
497:Yukon
450:Chiac
377:fr-CA
149:Latin
4987:Bold
4572:Caló
4255:Fala
4181:West
2971:Tayo
2213:Law
1513:Innu
1508:Cree
1371:ISBN
1336:2011
1067:"),
990:").
952:pour
933:and
766:news
602:Cree
467:and
372:IETF
365:None
42:and
1596:Hän
1178:at
1063:, "
749:by
463:),
444:in
189:Oïl
184:Oïl
104:in
5015::
2621:*
2583:*
2065:-
1322:.
1214:.
1210:.
1204:.
1192:^
1071:,
1031:("
1021:("
843:,
839:,
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624:.
616:,
612:,
568:.
495:,
395:,
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4179:(
3117:)
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3089:v
2875:*
2557:*
2466:*
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2427:v
2101:e
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2069:
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1427:v
1338:.
1308:.
1225:.
829:(
816:)
810:(
805:)
801:(
791:·
784:·
777:·
770:·
743:.
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416:(
387:(
352:–
290:)
286:(
182:–
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