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that he was being called to do so by an extraordinary summons from above, not just from within himself. He affirmed this." Fließer recounted, "he spent more than an hour with me before his scheduled induction. In vain, I explained to him the basic principles of morality concerning the degree of responsibility which a private person and citizen bears for the actions of those in authority, and reminded him of his far higher responsibility for those within his private circle, particularly his family." Franziska Jägerstätter recalled that the meeting lasted about half an hour, and when he came out, "he was very sad, and said to me: 'they don't dare themselves, or it'll be their turn next.'"
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330:. Most members of the community attributed Jägerstätter's conversion to his wife's influence or the sight of the pope, but other evidence indicates that his choice of a wife and decision to travel to Rome may have rather been influenced by a conversion that had already taken place; one friend recalled that he observed Jägerstätter had already become much more pious when he returned from the iron mines in late 1934 or 1935. The marriage resulted in three daughters: Rosalia (b. 1 September 1937), Maria (b. 4 September 1938), and Aloisia (b. 5 May 1940).
56:
405:. Among Jägerstätter's writings are three copies of a list of "Ten Questions" expressing his concerns about the evil of cooperation with the Nazis, which, despite its heading reading "Who can and will answer these ten questions for me?", consists in one draft of eleven questions. A reference in this text to "five years" of Nazi rule in Austria implies the questions were composed in the winter of 1943, probably in preparation for the meeting with Fließer. Jägerstätter's questions were:
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As a boy, Franz was a better than average student and an avid reader, apparently leaving school after his 14th birthday, as permitted by law. His fellow villagers remembered the Franz of early manhood fondly as "a jolly, robust, fun-loving, hot-blooded, 'he-man' type", intelligent and "bull-headed",
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Jägerstätter was criticized by his countrymen, especially by those who had served in the military, for failing in his duty as a husband and father. The municipality of Sankt
Radegund at first refused to put his name on the local war memorial and a pension for his widow was not approved until 1950.
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In the mid-1930s, Jägerstätter made a turn towards morality and piety that most of his neighbours recalled as "so sudden that people just couldn't understand it", "almost as if he had been possessed by a higher power", although others described it as more gradual. In 1934, Jägerstätter intended to
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agent. A 1946 letter by the editor of the diocesan newspaper regarding the non-publication of an article about Jägerstätter gives an account of Fließer's words: "I saw that the man was thirsty for martyrdom and for suffering in atonement, and I told him he could only walk that path if he was sure
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provoked by the attention paid by members of the group to local girls. In August 1933, an illegitimate daughter, Hildegard, was born to Jägerstätter and a local farm maidservant, Theresia Auer. Although some friends expressed doubts about Jägerstätter's paternity of the girl, he voluntarily paid
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After many delays, Jägerstätter was again called to active duty in
February 1943. By this time, he had three daughters with his wife, the eldest not quite six. He maintained his position against fighting for Nazi Germany and, upon entering into the Wehrmacht garrison in Enns on the evening of 1
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If we can declare the German-speaking soldiers, who have relinquished their lives in the fight for the N.S. victory, to be heroes and saints, how much more highly should we regard the soldiers in the other lands who were intent on defending their homelands after they were suddenly attacked by
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in the plebiscite of 10 April; nevertheless, the local authorities suppressed his dissent and announced unanimous approval. He was dismayed to witness many
Catholics in his town supporting the Nazis, writing, "I believe there could scarcely be a sadder hour for the true Christian faith in our
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that afternoon, at age 36. Minutes before his execution, he was given the option to sign a document to save his life and declined, abjuring any complicity with the Nazi regime. Jägerstätter's last recorded words before his death were, "I am completely bound in inner union with the Lord".
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money for her support and visited her often. Perhaps due to circumstances related to the girl's conception, Jägerstätter apparently underwent an "exile" around this time during which he was obliged to leave Sankt
Radegund for several years, working in the iron mines of
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Jägerstätters's remains were cremated in the city of
Brandenburg. Austrian school sisters who worked there were able to take possession of the urn and bring it to Upper Austria after the end of the war. In 1946, the urn was buried at the Sankt Radegund cemetery.
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German-speaking soldiers? Can we still regard this war as a punishment from God, or wouldn't it be better to pray that the war should continue until the end of the world than to pray that it should end soon, since it's producing so many heroes and saints?
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in 1915, when Franz was seven or eight years old. In 1917, his mother married
Heinrich Jägerstätter. As the marriage didn't result in children of Jägerstätter's own, he adopted his wife's son and gave over the farm to him after Franz married in 1936.
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Who would venture to maintain that only one individual of the German-speaking people bears responsibility in this war? And if only one individual is responsible, why then did so many millions of German-speaking people still have to vote "yes" or
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in Berlin. From the prison he wrote: "Is it not more
Christian to offer oneself as a victim right away rather than first have to murder others who certainly have a right to live and want to live — just to prolong one’s own life a little while?"
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March, declared on 2 March his conscientious objection. His offer to carry out non-violent services was ignored. He was immediately arrested, repeatedly interrogated, and placed in custody, first at the Linz remand prison, then from 4 May at
626:
in Linz. The beatification was attended by sixty members of Jägerstätter's family, including his widow and their children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. His feast day is the day of his baptism, 21 May. In 2016, Jägerstätter's
512:, who had been executed for his refusal to take the Hitler oath, his conscience was calmed. Jägerstätter expressed that it would be better for his four daughters to see their father as a martyr rather than as a Nazi collaborator.
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Who can succeed in simultaneously being a soldier of Christ and also a soldier for
National Socialism, in simultaneously fighting for the victory of Christ and his church and also fighting for the victory of National
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a story of Franz Jägerstätter, a semi-documentary filmed in black-and-white in German with
English subtitles alternating dramatizations with actual interviews with Jägerstätter's wife, priest, and other villagers,
326:(9 April) of 1936, he married Franziska Schwaninger (4 March 1913 – 16 March 2013), a deeply religious woman. After the wedding liturgy, the couple went on a pilgrimage to Rome, where they received a blessing from
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Why should we now regard as just and good those activities that the masses are undertaking? How can people successfully get to the other river bank when they are defenselessly pulled along by the stream?
271:. As his parents could not afford a marriage, Franz was first cared for by his grandmother, Elisabeth Huber, who had a reputation as an exceptionally devout woman. His biological father was killed in
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How can we still educate our children to become true
Catholics today when we are supposed to teach them that some activities that previously were seriously sinful are now good or at least not sinful?
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on 6 July 1943. His wife and his parish priest visited him a few days later in jail and tried to talk him into serving, but did not succeed. When Jägerstatter was told of the fate of the Austrian
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What kind of Catholic would venture to declare that these military campaigns of plundering, which Germany has undertaken in many lands and is still leading, constitute a just and holy war?
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who tended to be "ahead of the crowd" in his interests and to wish to be the first to try something new; he was the first in his village to own a motorcycle. While he regularly went to
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Since when are deceived people who are dying without repentance and without amending their committed sins and failures—which they were deceived into committing—allowed to enter heaven?
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When German troops moved into Austria in March 1938, Jägerstätter rejected the offered position as Radegund mayor. He was the only person in the village to vote against the
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618:. The Austrian bishops had described Jägerstätter as a "shining example in dark times". On 26 October 2007, Jägerstätter was beatified in a ceremony held by Cardinal
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Jägerstätter was kept waiting in an outer office for a very long time before he could see Bishop Fließer, which he thought to be due to suspicion that he was a
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When has the magisterium of the Church given its approval for someone to do and obey everything the N.S. Party or government commands or desires us to do?
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310:. In the social democratic working class environment he first experienced a crisis of meaning, but returned to his homeland as a deeply pious person.
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The young Franz was also remembered as a good fighter. On one occasion, he spent several days in jail as a consequence of a fight with members of the
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were embedded in the altar of the parish church of St. Radegund, and he is regarded co-patron of this church, which makes his feast day a solemnity.
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country". Although he was not involved with any political organization and underwent a brief period of military training, he remained openly anti-
494:("undermining military morale"), Jägerstätter was sentenced to death "and loss of military dignity and civil rights" in a military trial at the
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Why do we celebrate fighters for Nazism as heroes even in the churches of Austria? Didn't we still utterly d such people only five years ago?
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Who will give us the guarantee that it is not the slightest bit sinful to belong to a party that aims to eradicate the Christian faith?
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community—such as collecting money for it and contributing to it—then must it not be that everything that does not conform to this
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Memorial plaque for Jägerstätter and all those who for like reasons were made victims of military courts at the former
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1282:"Cannes Film Festival 2019 Lineup: Malick, Almodovar, Dardennes; Four Women Directors In Competition – Full List"
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Faced with his experiences in military service, the suppression of the church, as well as reports on the Nazi
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Drafted for the first time on 17 June 1940, Jägerstätter, aged 33, was again conscripted into the German
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652:, and was given a general release in the US on 13 December 2019. The film is inspired by the book
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369:. In summer 1940, the local parish priest, Josef Karobath (1898-1983), offered him work as a
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1405:. In: Conquering the Past. Austrian Nazism Yesterday & Today. Edited by Fred Parkinson.
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If everything is found to be right and good that is done by someone who belongs to the N.S.
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Jägerstätter's mother was an unmarried chambermaid named Rosalia Huber who lived in
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1188:(in German). Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern. 7 August 2006. Archived from
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euthanasia program, he began to examine the morality of the war. He travelled to
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Preventing Unjust War: A Catholic Argument for Selective Conscientious Objection
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206:. Jägerstätter was sentenced to death and executed for his refusal to fight for
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community's wishes must be declared evil and unjust? Both ways cannot be good.
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On 8 December 1940, the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception, he joined the
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1160:"Bauer Jägerstätter vor 80 Jahren ermordet | Landwirtschaftskammer Salzburg"
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1255:"St. Radegund: Weihe des neuen Altars mit Reliquien von Franz Jägerstätter"
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Unbroken Will. The Extraordinary Courage of an Ordinary Man. The Story of
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1313:"Terrence Malick's new film about Franz Jägerstätter premieres at Cannes"
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of 1968. A 1971 film treatment of his life made for Austrian television,
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where nearly everyone was Catholic. His father was Franz Bachmeier from
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Lorber, Verena. Thomas Schlager-Weidinger, and Andreas Schmoller, Eds.
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Jägerstätter's fate was not well known until 1964, when US sociologist
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1532:(in German), edited by the Franz and Franziska Jägerstätter Institute.
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Stained glass window showing stations of Jägerstätter's life in the
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Site about Jägerstätter – in German, with some English translations
1186:"Stolperstein erinnert an Wehrdienstverweigerer Franz Jägerstätter"
1140:. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. p. 73.
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1354:(Revised ed.). Springfield, Illinois: Templegate Publishers.
660:, with Malick acquiring its adaptation rights for the production.
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The St. Radegund Parish Church, where Jägerstätter was a sacristan
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enter a monastery, but the parish priest advised him against it.
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Linz: Wagner, 2023 (Christian and Martyr), ISBN 978-903040-70-0.
1215:. Vol. 13, no. Spring. 2008. p. 3. Archived from
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388:, but could return home in 1941 under an exemption as a farmer.
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855:"Franz Jägerstätter's widow, 'a warm, gentle soul' dies at 100"
1352:
In Solitary Witness. The life and death of Franz Jägerstätter
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Faith and Violence: Christian Teaching and Christian Practice
558:
In Solitary Witness: The Life and Death of Franz Jägerstätter
1375:
Franz Jägerstätter – Martyr: A Shining Example in Dark Times
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The beatification process was opened in 1994. In June 2007,
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conference in 1995. The death sentence was nullified by the
1325:, France: The National Catholic Reporter Publishing Company
401:
together with Franziska to discuss this with his bishop,
1112:"Seligsprechung Jägerstätters fand weltweite Beachtung"
267:
in the parish church the next day under the name of St
1280:
Tartaglione, Nancy; Wiseman, Andreas (18 April 2019).
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for Jägerstätter in Sankt Radegund was laid in 2006.
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Franz Jägerstätter: Letters and Writings from Prison
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Franz Jägerstätter: Letters and Writings from Prison
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979:Diözesanarchiv Linz, Nachlass Franz Jägerstätter /
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292:after Jesus. In 1922, he participated in the local
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3811:Austrian military personnel killed in World War II
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638:was released in 2011. A film about Jägerstätter,
1530:Digital Edition of Franz Jägerstätter's writings
1136:Merton, Thomas (1968). "An Enemy of the State".
1059:"Bl. Franz Jägerstätter (1907–1943) – Biography"
951:"The collected writings of Franz Jagerstatter"
589:, in 1994. His case was a topic of the annual
3781:People executed by Nazi Germany by guillotine
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380:in October and completed his training at the
8:
3806:German Army personnel killed in World War II
3751:Catholic saints and blesseds of the Nazi era
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936:
817:
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3776:Members of the Third Order of Saint Francis
1081:"Zur Seligsprechung von Franz Jägerstätter"
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54:
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27:Conscientious objector, Martyr and Blessed
1418:Franz Jägerstätter and Leopold Engleitner
1204:"Franz Jägerstätter – Against the Stream"
636:Franz Jaegerstaetter: A Man of Conscience
3736:Austrian people executed by Nazi Germany
1378:. Translated by Catherine Laura Danner.
1449:. Translated by Krieg, Robert Anthony.
668:
1525:Franz Jägerstätter: a solitary witness
624:Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
519:on 9 August, where he was executed by
239:Jägerstätter farmstead in St. Radegund
194:, 20 May 1907 – 9 August 1943) was an
143:Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
7:
1481:Franz Jägerstätter. Life and Memory.
1253:Diözese Linz, Barbara Eckerstorfer.
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3786:People from Braunau am Inn District
3746:Beatifications by Pope Benedict XVI
1430:Grammaton Press. New Orleans 2004.
573:("The Refusal") (originally titled
92:Archduchy of Austria above the Enns
3761:Executed German Resistance members
2458:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
1576:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
1511:Bl. Franz Jägerstätter (1907–1943)
344:. He avoided any contact with the
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3796:Lists of stolpersteine in Germany
384:garrison. He refused to take the
3731:Austrian conscientious objectors
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3545:María de las Maravillas de Jesús
3402:Seven Maccabees and their mother
2588:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
869:"Franziska Jägerstätter ist tot"
3801:People who were court-martialed
648:, premiered in May 2019 at the
60:Franz Jägerstätter, before 1942
1382:: Buchverlag Franz Steinmaßl.
1:
3510:Faustina and Liberata of Como
2698:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia
2643:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross
1567:Saints of the Catholic Church
592:Braunauer Zeitgeschichte-Tage
155:Cardinal José Saraiva Martins
3726:Austrian Christian pacifists
1506:Der Fall Jägerstätter (1971)
1441:Jägerstätter, Franz (2009).
1422:In: Bernhard Rammerstorfer,
1407:Wayne State University Press
367:Third Order of Saint Francis
47:Third Order of Saint Francis
3766:Franciscan beatified people
3741:Austrian resistance members
949:Dear, John (23 June 2009).
3827:
3673:Catholic Church portal
2633:Saints of the Cristero War
1318:National Catholic Reporter
955:National Catholic Reporter
644:, written and directed by
251:, a small village between
3721:Austrian beatified people
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2668:Three Martyrs of Chimbote
2438:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala
1613:Mother of God (Theotokos)
1573:
888:"Solitary, but not Alone"
787:Biography of Jägerstätter
650:72nd Cannes Film Festival
614:declaring Jägerstätter a
555:published his biography,
517:Brandenburg-Görden Prison
403:Josephus Calasanz Fließer
53:
3756:Executed Austrian people
2814:Joseph (father of Jesus)
2200:Athanasius of Alexandria
1982:Athanasius of Alexandria
1866:Theophanes the Confessor
1846:Paul I of Constantinople
1841:Paphnutius the Confessor
1786:Athanasius the Confessor
532:Legacy and beatification
231:Early life and education
112:Brandenburg an der Havel
2746:Gregory the Illuminator
2716:Augustine of Canterbury
2265:Dionysius of Alexandria
2180:Alexander of Alexandria
1380:Grünbach, Upper Austria
656:, edited by biographer
587:Sherborn, Massachusetts
210:. He is venerated as a
116:Province of Brandenburg
3716:Austrian anti-fascists
2185:Alexander of Jerusalem
1791:Chariton the Confessor
1753:in the Catholic Church
1079:Scheuer, Von Manfred.
792:23 August 2009 at the
544:
476:
362:
240:
200:conscientious objector
3616:Fourteen Holy Helpers
3580:Trasilla and Emiliana
2731:Evermode of Ratzeburg
2613:Perpetua and Felicity
2583:Martyrs of Sandomierz
2453:Dismas the Good Thief
2380:Theophilus of Antioch
2350:Maximus the Confessor
2285:Epiphanius of Salamis
2225:Clement of Alexandria
1939:Doctors of the Church
1831:Maximus the Confessor
1618:Immaculate Conception
612:apostolic exhortation
575:Der Fall Jägerstätter
539:
470:
360:
238:
3520:Hiltrude of Liessies
3465:Catherine of Bologna
3460:Bernadette Soubirous
2653:17 Thomasian Martyrs
2463:Four Crowned Martyrs
2385:Victorinus of Pettau
2365:Papias of Hierapolis
2335:Jerome of Stridonium
2300:Gregory of Nazianzus
2270:Dionysius of Corinth
2092:Lawrence of Brindisi
2047:Bernard of Clairvaux
2022:Anselm of Canterbury
1977:Gregory of Nazianzus
1904:Priscilla and Aquila
1801:Edward the Confessor
1259:www.dioezese-linz.at
1116:www.dioezese-linz.at
832:, pp. 28–30, 32
705:, pp. 3, 20, 23
620:José Saraiva Martins
3791:Secular Franciscans
3570:Teresa of the Andes
3450:Angela of the Cross
3412:Zechariah (prophet)
2558:Martyrs of La Rioja
2553:21 Martyrs of Libya
2443:Christina of Persia
2423:Charles de Foucauld
2360:Quadratus of Athens
2320:Ignatius of Antioch
2290:Fulgentius of Ruspe
2240:Cyril of Alexandria
2235:Cyprian of Carthage
2220:Cappadocian Fathers
2117:Hildegard of Bingen
1987:Cyril of Alexandria
1861:Sergius of Radonezh
1623:Perpetual virginity
777:, pp. 25, 27–8
542:Votivkirche, Vienna
515:He was deported to
497:Reichskriegsgericht
491:Wehrkraftzersetzung
473:Reichskriegsgericht
3771:Franciscan martyrs
3611:Four Holy Marshals
3606:Calendar of saints
3575:Teresa of Calcutta
3555:Patricia of Naples
3480:Catherine of Siena
2761:Patrick of Ireland
2683:Vietnamese Martyrs
2573:Martyrs of Otranto
2528:Martyrs of Cajonos
2523:Martyrs of Algeria
2518:Martyrs of Albania
2478:The Holy Innocents
2448:Devasahayam Pillai
2433:Carthusian Martyrs
2375:Polycarp of Smyrna
2330:Isidore of Seville
2315:Hippolytus of Rome
2310:Hilary of Poitiers
2245:Cyril of Jerusalem
2210:Caesarius of Arles
2205:Augustine of Hippo
2107:Thérèse of Lisieux
2102:Catherine of Siena
2052:Hilary of Poitiers
2027:Isidore of Seville
2002:Bede the Venerable
1992:Cyril of Jerusalem
1957:Augustine of Hippo
1871:Pio of Pietrelcina
1836:Michael of Synnada
1490:. Eugene, OR 2020.
1426:Leopold Engleitner
1413:Andreas Maislinger
1402:Franz Jägerstätter
1397:Andreas Maislinger
1287:Deadline Hollywood
1222:on 31 January 2013
597:Landgericht Berlin
567:Faith and Violence
545:
477:
363:
269:Francis Caracciolo
241:
178:Franz Jägerstätter
42:Franz Jägerstätter
18:Franz Jagerstatter
3693:
3692:
3685:Saints portal
3636:Miles Christianus
3621:Martyr of charity
3590:Josephine Bakhita
3585:Ubaldesca Taccini
3530:Kateri Tekakwitha
3505:Faustina Kowalska
3495:Eulalia of Mérida
3475:Catherine Labouré
3470:Brigid of Kildare
3297:Baruch ben Neriah
2741:François de Laval
2726:Damien of Molokai
2693:Victor and Corona
2688:Valentine of Rome
2578:Martyrs of Prague
2543:Martyrs of Gorkum
2503:Martyrs of Lübeck
2390:Vincent of Lérins
2370:Peter Chrysologus
2325:Irenaeus of Lyons
2295:Gregory the Great
2280:Ephrem the Syrian
2077:Robert Bellarmine
2072:John of the Cross
2057:Alphonsus Liguori
2032:Peter Chrysologus
2007:Ephrem the Syrian
1972:Basil of Caesarea
1947:Gregory the Great
1929:Seventy disciples
1821:Lazarus Zographos
1806:Francis of Assisi
1676:James of Alphaeus
1633:Marian apparition
1513:Biography by the
1464:978-1-57075-826-3
1241:Jägerstätter 2009
994:, pp. 207–8.
992:Jägerstätter 2009
937:Jägerstätter 2009
818:Jägerstätter 2009
691:Jägerstätter 2009
608:Pope Benedict XVI
599:on 7 May 1997. A
190:in English; born
175:
174:
159:Pope Benedict XVI
141:26 October 2007,
126:Venerated in
16:(Redirected from
3818:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3671:
3670:
3550:Narcisa de Jesús
3535:Lucy of Syracuse
3440:Agatha of Sicily
3352:John the Baptist
2598:Maximilian Kolbe
2593:Martyrs of Zenta
2568:Martyrs of Natal
2548:Martyrs of Japan
2538:Martyrs of China
2533:Martyrs of Drina
2468:Gerard of Csanád
2428:Canadian Martyrs
2413:Abda and Abdisho
2355:Melito of Sardis
2345:John of Damascus
2305:Gregory of Nyssa
2190:Ambrose of Milan
2122:Gregory of Narek
2087:Anthony of Padua
2062:Francis de Sales
1997:John of Damascus
1643:Joseph (husband)
1595: →
1591: →
1587: →
1560:
1553:
1546:
1537:
1486:Bergman, Roger.
1476:
1393:
1365:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1221:
1208:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1192:on 18 July 2011.
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1108:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1055:
1049:
1048:, pp. 73–4.
1043:
1037:
1031:
1022:
1016:
1007:
1006:, pp. 72–3.
1001:
995:
989:
983:
977:
971:
970:
968:
966:
957:. Archived from
946:
940:
934:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
903:
901:
899:
884:
873:
872:
871:. 17 March 2013.
865:
859:
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851:
845:
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833:
827:
821:
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742:
736:
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724:
718:
712:
706:
700:
694:
688:
682:
676:
634:The documentary
463:Arrest and death
185:
108:
84:
82:
58:
32:
21:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3679:
3677:
3665:
3657:
3648:Seven Champions
3641:Church Militant
3631:Athleta Christi
3626:Military saints
3594:
3490:Clare of Assisi
3426:
3362:Judas Barsabbas
3268:
2840:
2770:
2756:Nino of Georgia
2702:
2608:Pedro Calungsod
2563:Martyrs of Laos
2508:Luigi Versiglia
2399:
2340:John Chrysostom
2230:Clement of Rome
2171:
2164:
2131:
2097:Teresa of Ávila
2082:Albertus Magnus
1967:John Chrysostom
1933:
1894:Mary of Bethany
1875:
1781:Anthony of Kiev
1762:
1730:
1681:James the Great
1647:
1599:
1578:
1569:
1564:
1497:
1465:
1440:
1409:, Detroit 1989.
1390:
1368:
1362:
1346:
1343:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1311:(20 May 2019).
1307:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1243:, p. xxix.
1239:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1100:
1090:
1088:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1025:
1017:
1010:
1002:
998:
990:
986:
978:
974:
964:
962:
948:
947:
943:
935:
931:
923:
919:
915:, pp. 37–9
911:
907:
897:
895:
894:. 28 March 2016
892:Denver Catholic
886:
885:
876:
867:
866:
862:
857:. 8 April 2013.
853:
852:
848:
840:
836:
828:
824:
816:
812:
808:, pp. 30–2
804:
800:
794:Wayback Machine
785:
781:
773:
769:
761:
757:
753:, pp. 24–5
749:
745:
737:
733:
725:
721:
713:
709:
701:
697:
689:
685:
677:
670:
666:
646:Terrence Malick
577:), by director
534:
465:
324:Maundy Thursday
316:
233:
228:
220:Catholic Church
181:
130:Catholic Church
110:
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96:Austria-Hungary
86:
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77:
61:
49:
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28:
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15:
12:
11:
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3697:
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3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3653:Virtuous pagan
3650:
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3644:
3643:
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3633:
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3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3417:Zechariah (NT)
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
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3266:
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3256:
3251:
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3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2850:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2780:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2751:Junípero Serra
2748:
2743:
2738:
2736:Francis Xavier
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2712:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2678:Uganda Martyrs
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2648:Titus Brandsma
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2623:Pietro Parenzo
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2493:Korean Martyrs
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2418:Boris and Gleb
2415:
2409:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2260:Desert Mothers
2257:
2255:Desert Fathers
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2067:Peter Canisius
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2012:Thomas Aquinas
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1899:Mary Magdalene
1896:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1826:Louis Bertrand
1823:
1818:
1813:
1811:Francis Borgia
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1746:
1740:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1638:Titles of Mary
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1585:Servant of God
1574:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1508:
1496:
1495:External links
1493:
1492:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1463:
1438:
1410:
1394:
1389:978-3902427410
1388:
1366:
1360:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1300:
1272:
1245:
1233:
1195:
1177:
1151:
1128:
1098:
1071:
1050:
1038:
1023:
1008:
996:
984:
972:
961:on 6 June 2019
941:
929:
917:
905:
874:
860:
846:
834:
822:
810:
798:
779:
767:
755:
743:
731:
719:
707:
695:
683:
667:
665:
662:
583:Kurt Weinzierl
533:
530:
510:Franz Reinisch
502:Charlottenburg
464:
461:
452:
451:
447:
444:
441:
437:
434:
431:
427:
424:
413:
410:
315:
312:
290:other children
257:Braunau am Inn
245:Sankt Radegund
232:
229:
227:
224:
188:Jaegerstaetter
186:(also spelled
173:
172:
169:
163:
162:
157:(on behalf of
139:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
109:(aged 36)
103:
99:
98:
88:Sankt Radegund
74:
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63:
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59:
51:
50:
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3540:Maria Goretti
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3445:Agnes of Rome
3443:
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2658:Thomas Becket
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2483:Irish Martyrs
2481:
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2112:John of Ávila
2110:
2108:
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2037:Leo the Great
2035:
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2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
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1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
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1518:
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1512:
1509:
1507:
1502:
1501:"The Refusal"
1499:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1452:
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1437:
1436:0-9679366-4-0
1433:
1429:
1427:
1421:
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1408:
1404:
1403:
1398:
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1371:
1367:
1363:
1361:0-87243-141-X
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1309:Pacatte, Rose
1304:
1301:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1276:
1273:
1260:
1256:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1234:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1205:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1165:
1161:
1155:
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1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1129:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1086:
1085:www.herder.de
1082:
1075:
1072:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1036:, p. 74.
1035:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1021:, p. 58.
1020:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
997:
993:
988:
985:
982:
976:
973:
960:
956:
952:
945:
942:
938:
933:
930:
926:
921:
918:
914:
909:
906:
893:
889:
883:
881:
879:
875:
870:
864:
861:
856:
850:
847:
843:
838:
835:
831:
826:
823:
820:, p. xiv
819:
814:
811:
807:
802:
799:
795:
791:
788:
783:
780:
776:
771:
768:
764:
759:
756:
752:
747:
744:
740:
735:
732:
728:
723:
720:
716:
711:
708:
704:
699:
696:
693:, p. xii
692:
687:
684:
680:
675:
673:
669:
663:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
642:
641:A Hidden Life
637:
632:
630:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
563:Thomas Merton
560:
559:
554:
549:
543:
538:
531:
529:
525:
522:
518:
513:
511:
507:
503:
499:
498:
493:
492:
486:
483:
474:
469:
462:
460:
457:
448:
445:
442:
438:
435:
432:
428:
425:
422:
418:
414:
411:
408:
407:
406:
404:
400:
396:
395:
389:
387:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
359:
355:
353:
352:
347:
343:
338:
337:
331:
329:
325:
320:
313:
311:
309:
304:
303:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
277:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:Upper Austria
246:
237:
230:
225:
223:
221:
217:
214:and has been
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
179:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
138:
134:
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
113:
105:9 August 1943
104:
100:
97:
93:
89:
75:
71:
68:
64:
57:
52:
48:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3565:Rose of Lima
3059:John Paul II
2889:Anastasius I
2859:Adeodatus II
2833:
2708:Missionaries
2618:Peter Chanel
2603:Óscar Romero
2498:Lorenzo Ruiz
2473:Great Martyr
2042:Peter Damian
1851:Peter Claver
1581:canonization
1487:
1480:
1453:, New York:
1446:
1423:
1416:
1400:
1374:
1351:
1348:Zahn, Gordon
1341:Bibliography
1327:. Retrieved
1316:
1303:
1291:. Retrieved
1285:
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1258:
1248:
1236:
1224:. Retrieved
1217:the original
1210:
1198:
1190:the original
1180:
1168:. Retrieved
1163:
1154:
1137:
1131:
1119:. Retrieved
1115:
1089:. Retrieved
1084:
1074:
1062:. Retrieved
1053:
1041:
999:
987:
975:
963:. Retrieved
959:the original
954:
944:
939:, p. xv
932:
927:, p. 67
920:
908:
896:. Retrieved
891:
863:
849:
844:, p. 36
837:
825:
813:
801:
782:
770:
765:, p. 26
758:
746:
741:, p. 24
734:
729:, p. 20
722:
717:, p. 23
710:
698:
686:
681:, p. 9.
653:
639:
635:
633:
605:
601:Stolperstein
590:
574:
571:Verweigerung
570:
566:
556:
550:
546:
526:
514:
495:
489:
487:
482:Tegel Prison
478:
472:
453:
420:
416:
392:
390:
377:
375:
364:
349:
334:
332:
328:Pope Pius XI
321:
317:
300:
298:
294:Passion play
278:
242:
208:Nazi Germany
204:World War II
191:
187:
177:
176:
120:Nazi Germany
107:(1943-08-09)
29:
3711:1943 deaths
3706:1907 births
3525:Joan of Arc
3455:Æthelthryth
3372:Melchizedek
3234:Telesphorus
3224:Sylvester I
3109:Marcellus I
3104:Marcellinus
3024:Gregory VII
3019:Gregory III
2934:Celestine V
2929:Celestine I
2924:Callixtus I
2914:Boniface IV
2904:Benedict II
2879:Alexander I
2854:Adeodatus I
2673:Ulma Family
2663:Thomas More
2513:Martyrology
2488:John Fisher
2137:Evangelists
2017:Bonaventure
1671:Bartholomew
1605:Virgin Mary
1455:Orbis Books
1261:(in German)
1226:28 February
1166:(in German)
1087:(in German)
796:(in German)
553:Gordon Zahn
488:Accused of
386:Hitler oath
286:Virgin Mary
273:World War I
198:farmer and
192:Franz Huber
85:20 May 1907
76:Franz Huber
3700:Categories
3259:Zephyrinus
3219:Stephen IV
3204:Sixtus III
3184:Simplicius
3129:Nicholas I
3054:John XXIII
3044:Innocent I
3014:Gregory II
3004:Gelasius I
2909:Boniface I
2869:Agapetus I
2864:Adrian III
2835:Matriarchs
2776:Patriarchs
2395:Zephyrinus
1768:Confessors
1736:Archangels
1628:Assumption
1579:Stages of
1443:Putz, Erna
1370:Putz, Erna
1212:¡Presente!
1164:sbg.lko.at
664:References
610:issued an
581:, starred
579:Axel Corti
521:guillotine
506:Pallottine
450:Socialism?
314:Conversion
81:1907-05-20
3515:Genevieve
3422:Zephaniah
3229:Symmachus
3214:Stephen I
3199:Sixtus II
3179:Silverius
3174:Sergius I
3134:Paschal I
3124:Miltiades
3034:Hormisdas
3009:Gregory I
2994:Felix III
2979:Evaristus
2974:Eutychian
2959:Eleuterus
2954:Dionysius
2949:Damasus I
2944:Cornelius
2939:Clement I
2884:Anacletus
2628:Philomena
2275:Dionysius
2250:Damasus I
2195:Anatolius
1881:Disciples
1816:Homobonus
1776:Anatolius
1589:Venerable
1473:295046320
1451:Maryknoll
1350:(1986) .
1064:8 October
1046:Putz 2007
1034:Putz 2007
1019:Zahn 1986
1004:Putz 2007
925:Zahn 1986
913:Zahn 1986
842:Zahn 1986
830:Zahn 1986
806:Zahn 1986
775:Zahn 1986
763:Zahn 1986
751:Zahn 1986
739:Zahn 1986
727:Zahn 1986
715:Zahn 1986
703:Zahn 1986
679:Putz 2007
658:Erna Putz
475:in Berlin
378:Wehrmacht
371:sacristan
351:Wehrmacht
336:Anschluss
216:beatified
137:Beatified
3599:See also
3500:Euphemia
3337:Jeremiah
3317:Habakkuk
3274:Prophets
3249:Vitalian
3244:Victor I
3194:Sixtus I
3189:Siricius
3119:Martin I
3099:Lucius I
3064:Julius I
3029:Hilarius
2999:Felix IV
2969:Eusebius
2964:Eugene I
2894:Anicetus
2766:Remigius
2721:Boniface
2127:Irenaeus
1909:Silvanus
1856:Salonius
1701:Matthias
1666:Barnabas
1653:Apostles
1515:Holy See
1372:(2007).
1293:18 April
1146:68-20438
790:Archived
308:Eisenerz
302:Heimwehr
265:baptised
261:Tarsdorf
253:Salzburg
196:Austrian
3560:Rosalia
3485:Cecilia
3432:Virgins
3392:Obadiah
3367:Malachi
3312:Ezekiel
3264:Zosimus
3254:Zachary
3239:Urban I
3169:Pontian
3144:Paul VI
3079:Leo III
3039:Hyginus
2989:Felix I
2899:Anterus
2829:Solomon
2794:Abraham
2638:Stephen
2405:Martyrs
2172:Fathers
2145:Matthew
1952:Ambrose
1919:Timothy
1914:Stephen
1889:Apollos
1796:Dominic
1758:Raphael
1751:
1749:Michael
1744:Gabriel
1696:Matthew
1593:Blessed
1445:(ed.).
1329:30 July
1265:30 July
1170:30 July
1121:30 July
1091:30 July
981:L2-11-a
965:4 April
622:at the
508:father
456:Gestapo
218:by the
202:during
151:Austria
37:Blessed
3407:Simeon
3397:Samuel
3332:Isaiah
3322:Haggai
3307:Elijah
3282:Agabus
3164:Pius X
3159:Pius V
3154:Pius I
3139:Paul I
3089:Leo IX
3084:Leo IV
3074:Leo II
3049:John I
2984:Fabian
2874:Agatho
2809:Joseph
2170:Church
1962:Jerome
1726:Thomas
1716:Philip
1661:Andrew
1471:
1461:
1434:
1386:
1358:
1323:Cannes
1144:
898:7 June
629:relics
616:martyr
212:martyr
171:21 May
67:Martyr
3387:Nahum
3382:Moses
3377:Micah
3357:Jonah
3327:Hosea
3302:David
3209:Soter
3149:Peter
3094:Linus
3069:Leo I
2919:Caius
2846:Popes
2819:David
2804:Jacob
2799:Isaac
2215:Caius
1924:Titus
1721:Simon
1711:Peter
1597:Saint
1220:(PDF)
1207:(PDF)
430:"no"?
346:NSDAP
167:Feast
3347:Joel
3292:Anna
3287:Amos
3114:Mark
2824:Noah
2789:Abel
2784:Adam
2160:John
2155:Luke
2150:Mark
1706:Paul
1691:Jude
1686:John
1469:OCLC
1459:ISBN
1432:ISBN
1384:ISBN
1356:ISBN
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282:Mass
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