54:
257:
198:
132:
263:
159:
251:
145:
118:
53:
347:
416:
398:, then worked at various leading positions of the local Belarusian self-defence and police units and organising training for Belarusian officers. In 1943, Kušal became member of the
648:
356:, he joined the Polish army and graduated from an officer school in 1922. During the 1920s and 1930s, he was director and lecturer at various military schools. He was promoted to
681:
256:
833:
823:
813:
868:
848:
863:
858:
843:
289:
838:
828:
406:(BKA), a 25,000–50,000 men strong Belarusian army, for the creation of which the Belarusians received German approval at the final stage of the war.
853:
409:
After the withdrawal of
Germans from Belarus, Kušal and his units left the country too. The Belarusian units were reorganized into units of the
803:
384:
588:
439:
262:
688:
808:
250:
197:
447:
335:
136:
634:Репрессированные литераторы, ученые, работники образования, общественные и культурные деятели Беларуси, 1794-1991. Т. I-III
20:
818:
367:
After the Soviet attack on Poland, in 1939, Kušal was commander of a Polish battalion that fought the German army near
395:
324:
773:
342:
543:
498:
399:
469:
His younger son, Jarasłaŭ, was killed by a bomb planted by Soviet partisans in a theatre in the German-occupied
632:
550:
505:
334:, he joined the Belarusian national movement that demanded the establishment of an independent or autonomous
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community and
Belarusian political organisations. From 1952 to 1954 he was the leader of the
73:
338:. In 1919, he was arrested by Polish authorities for Belarusian pro-independence activism.
519:
352:, a body organising Belarusian national military units within the Polish army. After the
755:
466:
descent, was a notable
Belarusian poet and member of the Belarusian national movement.
376:
301:
123:
442:
in 1945. In 1950, Kušal emigrated to the US. In exile, he was an active member of the
787:
428:
288:) was a Belarusian military leader and politician. He was one of the most prominent
229:
164:
380:
578:
312:
214:
372:
24:
411:
463:
305:
420:
402:, responsible for military issues. From March 1944, he was head of the
186:
32:
432:
150:
470:
712:
368:
734:
756:"Імёны Свабоды: Францішак Кушаль (16.2.1895 – травень 1968)"
371:. He was imprisoned and placed in a concentration camp near
548:
513:
503:
415:. In April 1945, Kušal and his units surrendered to the
394:, Kušal worked as director of a training school for the
577:
Ioffe, Grigory; Jr, Vitali
Silitski (15 August 2018).
379:
in Moscow. In early 1941, he was set free and sent to
341:
From 1919 to 1921, Kušal was the deputy head of the
269:
245:
207:
192:
182:
174:
108:
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60:
44:
637:(in Russian). Vol. 1 – via marakou.by.
614:"16 лютага 1895 г. Нарадзіўся Францішак Кушаль"
438:As a Polish citizen before 1939, Kušal was not
284:(16 February 1895 – 25 May 1969, also known as
8:
774:"УСПАМІНЫ, A. КАТКОВІЧ, В. КАТКОВІЧ-КЛЕНТАК"
440:handed over to the Soviets after end of war
52:
41:
834:Polish military personnel of World War II
824:Russian military personnel of World War I
814:Members of the Belarusian Central Council
731:"The Belarusan-American Association, Inc"
583:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 204.
608:
606:
604:
602:
600:
569:
482:
385:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
869:American people of Belarusian descent
849:Polish emigrants to the United States
7:
864:Nazis who fled to the United States
859:20th-century Belarusian politicians
844:Polish people of Belarusian descent
392:German invasion of the Soviet Union
14:
839:Belarusian Home Defence personnel
631:"КУШАЛЬ, Францішак Вінцэнтавіч".
507:Frantsishak Vintsentavich Kushal′
829:Belarusian people of World War I
580:Historical Dictionary of Belarus
261:
255:
249:
196:
157:
143:
130:
116:
854:People from Rochester, New York
649:"КУШАЛЬ Францішак Вінцэнтавіч"
524:Franciszek Wincentowicz Kuszel
448:Belarusan-American Association
343:Belarusian Military Commission
137:Belarusian Democratic Republic
1:
804:People from Valozhyn District
315:, Kušal was drafted into the
282:Francišak Vintsentavich Kušal
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
670:. TrineDay LCC. p. 159.
494:Францішак Вінцэнтавіч Кушаль
323:in 1916 and was sent to the
16:Belarusian Axis collaborator
551:
549:
514:
506:
504:
396:Belarusian Auxiliary Police
885:
400:Belarusian Central Council
19:In this name that follows
18:
713:"Kušel (Kušal) Francišak"
538:
493:
51:
809:People from Minsky Uyezd
431:. Later, Kušal lived in
427:-Camp in Michelsdorf in
319:. He graduated from the
404:Belarusian Home Defence
360:and awarded the Silver
321:Vilnius Military School
202:Belarusian Home Defence
523:
311:After the outbreak of
300:Kušal was born into a
668:America's Nazi Secret
666:Loftus, John (2010).
317:Imperial Russian Army
175:Years of service
460:Natallia Arsiennieva
274:Natallia Arsiennieva
819:Belarusian generals
444:Belarusian American
383:, then part of the
336:Belarusian republic
102:Rochester, New York
762:. 7 December 2007.
515:Frantsishak Kushal
332:October Revolution
290:Nazi collaborators
235:Invasion of Poland
590:978-1-5381-1706-4
547:
502:
425:Displaced Persons
354:Polish–Soviet War
279:
278:
225:Polish–Soviet War
220:Russian Civil War
85:Minsk Governorate
876:
778:
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770:
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745:
743:
742:
733:. Archived from
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687:. Archived from
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87:, Russian Empire
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71:16 February 1895
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618:jivebelarus.net
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552:Frants Kushyel′
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512:, also spelled
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46:Francišak Kušal
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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765:
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682:"foia.cia.gov"
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527:
481:
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458:Kušal's wife,
455:
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377:Butyrka prison
362:Cross of Merit
302:Roman Catholic
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124:Russian Empire
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99:(aged 73)
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769:
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761:
760:Радыё Свабода
757:
751:
748:
737:on 2017-05-03
736:
732:
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723:
718:
714:
708:
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694:on 2016-04-18
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653:spadchyna.net
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423:. He led the
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325:Western Front
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31: and the
30:
29:Vintsentavich
26:
22:
768:
759:
750:
739:. Retrieved
735:the original
725:
716:
707:
696:. Retrieved
689:the original
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667:
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652:
643:
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626:
617:
579:
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539:Франц Кушель
530:
485:
468:
457:
437:
410:
408:
389:
375:and then in
366:
340:
329:
310:
304:family near
299:
286:Franz Kushel
285:
281:
280:
230:World War II
208:Battles/wars
165:Nazi Germany
97:(1968-05-25)
36:
28:
799:1969 deaths
794:1895 births
717:slounik.org
346: [
313:World War I
215:World War I
167:(1941–1945)
153:(1922–1939)
139:(1918–1919)
126:(1916–1917)
95:25 May 1968
77: [
33:family name
788:Categories
741:2016-05-25
698:2016-04-18
564:References
535:Belarusian
490:Belarusian
390:After the
373:Starobilsk
330:After the
109:Allegiance
67:1895-02-16
25:patronymic
544:romanized
499:romanized
417:Americans
412:Waffen-SS
381:Białystok
296:Biography
270:Relations
178:1916—1945
306:Valozhyn
193:Commands
546::
501::
464:Russian
421:Bavaria
358:captain
187:General
74:Piaršai
587:
520:Polish
454:Family
433:Munich
246:Awards
162:
151:Poland
148:
121:
104:, U.S.
23:, the
692:(PDF)
685:(PDF)
477:Notes
471:Minsk
462:, of
350:]
81:]
37:Kušal
585:ISBN
429:Cham
369:Lviv
183:Rank
92:Died
61:Born
450:.
419:in
35:is
27:is
790::
758:.
715:.
651:.
616:.
599:^
541:,
537::
522::
518:;
496:,
492::
473:.
435:.
387:.
364:.
348:be
327:.
308:.
292:.
83:,
79:uk
776:.
744:.
719:.
701:.
655:.
620:.
593:.
69:)
65:(
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
