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together. As his businesses grew, he purchased and rented increasing amounts of land, taking out large mortgages. In the 1870s he formed a business partnership with his brother-in-law
William Sperry Shea. In 1890 he had the largest orchard and nursery businesses in Canada, with 900,000 trees in his nursery stock. As well as apples these included plum, cherry and pear. His orchards annually shipped as many as 18,000 barrels (~2,500 t) to the United States and 7,000 barrels (~950 t) within Canada.
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hurt the Sharps' thriving export business. The businesses were unable to pay the mortgages on the land Sharp had acquired, and some of the holdings had to be sold off. In 1892 Franklin died of tuberculosis. The remaining property then passed to
Franklin's two youngest sisters, and most of it was sold
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Between 1848 and 1850 Sharp established
Woodstock Nurseries, where he planted apple and plum trees. By 1859 he was shipping apples within New Brunswick and abroad. He used advanced horticultural methods to maximize his orchards' yields, including the intensive cultivation of dwarf trees planted close
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In 1881 most of the buildings at the nursery, and Sharp's family home, were lost in a fire. In 1887 Sharp handed the nursery business over to his son
Franklin, who established the "Franklin Sharp orchard" on 70 acres between Upper Woodstock and Woodstock. With 20,000 trees, it was the largest apple
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in 1899. Between 1906 and 1916 the couple tried to restore the family's orchards and nurseries, but ultimately the businesses were financially unsuccessful. The youngest son, Humboldt, became a nursery manager in
British Columbia. The two youngest daughters, Lizzie and Harriet Jane, inherited the
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and other scientists to Russia to study the fruit trees there, but he declined. On their return they gave Sharp 50 specimens of
Russian apples that they had collected. He turned down offers from Iowa Agricultural College to give lectures, and from the government of Canada to publish a book on his
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1000 seeds that had been imported from Russia, and planted them in
November of that year. From this planting one tree bore apples in 1854, indicating remarkably early maturity and hardiness. The fruit was large and proved well suited to cooking. Sharp used this tree, which came to be known as the
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and an orchard with 100 apple trees which he planted on land acquired from his father, with the goal of developing apple varieties adapted to New
Brunswick's cold winters and short growing season. He did this by planting potentially hardy varieties and putting into practice the new methods of
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of the
Fameuse onto hardy rootstocks, he created trees that could be crossed with the New Brunswicker in a controlled manner to produce hybrid seeds. The result, in 1866, was a solid red early apple, the "first true hybrid apple from a controlled cross-breeding experiment", that he named
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and businessman. He pioneered the controlled hybridization of apples to create new varieties suited to short seasons and cold winters. He owned large orchard and plant nursery businesses in the province of
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Sharp's father was Adam Boyle Sharp, a businessman and landowner. Adam Sharp owned a store in Upper
Woodstock, New Brunswick and was manager of the local bank branch, as well as serving as
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and worked in his father's store. He devoted himself to the study of horticulture, particularly fruit growing, acquiring an extensive library of books and agricultural publications.
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family properties, most of which were sold off after Lizzie died in 1904. Francis Peabody Sharp died on 12 December 1903 and his widow Maria Sharp died on 29 March 1904.
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238:, that "it is remarkable for what is left out", noting that "my discoveries would so greatly cheapen production of apples as to injure our own sales".
147:. Francis Peabody Sharp's mother, Maria Peabody, was Adam Sharp's second wife. She was a granddaughter of Captain Francis Peabody, a veteran of the
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191:" as the basis for crossing with other varieties. The apple has also been known as "Sharp's New Brunswick apple" and "Duchess of New Brunswick".
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In 1896 he presented a paper on his techniques to the Farmers' and Dairymens' Association of New Brunswick, but wrote to his daughter,
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within one week in 1861. Their fourth child, born in 1860, was Franklin, who became his father's business partner and died in 1892.
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313:"The Sharp family, descendants of Alexander Sharp of Edinburgh, Scotland and the Province of New Brunswick"
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410:"Edwin Tappan Adney and Francis Peabody Sharp fonds: Administrative history or biographical sketch"
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on 31 December 1853. They had eight children, of whom the first three all died of
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Crimson Beauty (top) from a 1909 Brown Brothers Nursery catalogue
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Sharp created a hybrid between the New Brunswicker and the
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Tappan Adney and the Heritage of the St. John River Valley
345:. Vol. 13. University of Toronto/Universite Laval.
255:. In 1890 the introduction in the United States of the
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from which he shipped to Canada and the United States.
375:"Francis Peabody Sharp: Canada's first apple breeder"
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and one of the founders of the English settlement at
122:(3 September 1823 – 12 December 1903) was a Canadian
523:. Woodstock, New Brunswick: Chapel Street Editions.
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414:New Brunswick Museum Archives and Research Library
476:Fredericton Botanic Garden Association Newsletter
456:. Brantford, ON. 20 October 1937. p. 23.
436:Hardy Apples: Growing Apples in Cold Climates
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268:Francis Peabody Sharp married Maria Shaw of
450:"New grafting record is set by orchardist"
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438:. Richmond Hill, Ontario: Firefly Books.
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379:Carleton County Historical Society, Inc
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182:In 1849 he purchased from a nursery in
91:pioneered selective breeding of apples
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561:People from Woodstock, New Brunswick
556:19th-century Canadian businesspeople
222:In 1882 he was invited to accompany
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576:Businesspeople from New Brunswick
343:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
135:Family background and early life
495:"Atlantic Canada's "Appleseed""
158:Francis Peabody Sharp attended
581:Colony of New Brunswick people
469:"Canada's first apple breeder"
242:Orchard and nursery businesses
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16:Canadian botanist (1823–1903)
311:Adney, Edwin Tappan (1908).
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206:, an old variety grown in
155:on the Saint John River.
52:Northampton, New Brunswick
228:Iowa Agricultural College
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566:Canadian horticulturists
339:"Sharp, Francis Peabody"
70:Woodstock, New Brunswick
519:Helmuth, Keith (2017).
467:Seabrook, Jane (2007).
337:Young, C. Mary (1994).
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179:which he had studied.
110:8 children, including
434:Osborne, Bob (2022).
224:Joseph Lancaster Budd
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170:In 1844 he started a
120:Francis Peabody Sharp
23:Francis Peabody Sharp
571:Canadian orchardists
141:justice of the peace
143:and captain in the
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493:Phinney, Sandra.
278:Minnie Bell Sharp
236:Minnie Bell Sharp
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112:Minnie Bell Sharp
62:December 12, 1903
48:September 3, 1823
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217:Crimson Beauty
210:. By grafting
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88:Known for
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66:(aged 80)
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502:. Retrieved
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417:. Retrieved
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387:. Retrieved
383:the original
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282:Tappan Adney
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102:, son-in-law
100:Tappan Adney
64:(1903-12-12)
551:Pomologists
546:1903 deaths
541:1823 births
251:orchard in
175:controlled
153:Maugerville
535:Categories
504:1 February
499:Saltscapes
419:9 February
389:8 February
317:Acadiensis
289:References
274:diphtheria
124:pomologist
81:pomologist
44:1823-09-03
260:in 1904.
96:Relatives
482:(1): 2.
231:work.
204:Fameuse
145:militia
264:Family
212:scions
208:Quebec
107:Family
472:(PDF)
506:2023
421:2023
391:2023
219:".
59:Died
38:Born
226:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
