Frank Church - Knowledge

786:. This angered Johnson, who punished Church by all but ignoring him for the next six months. However, Church managed to find his way into Johnson's good graces by voting for an amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1957 that would grant the right to a trial by jury to anyone charged with violating the act. Church also added a provision to that amendment requiring that juries in such cases be desegregated. Johnson was so grateful he made the young Idahoan a veritable protégé, rewarding him with plum assignments, such as a seat on the prestigious 4465: 3971: 974:

the field. We have a very extensive capability of intercepting messages wherever they may be in the airwaves. Now, that is necessary and important to the United States as we look abroad at enemies or potential enemies. We must know, at the same time, that capability at any time could be turned around on the American people, and no American would have any privacy left such is the capability to monitor everything—telephone conversations, telegrams, it doesn't matter. There would be no place to hide.

474: 42: 917:" of the war. It must not become a device for lowering—and then perpetuating—an American military presence in South Vietnam for the indefinite future. Our long ordeal in this mistaken war must end. The gathering crisis in our own land, the deepening divisions among our people, the festering, unattended problems here at home, bear far more importantly on the future of our Republic than anything we ever had at stake in 1142: 1134: 270: 1196:

friends to intervene with Carter in his behalf. If a quick choice had been required as in past conventions, Carter later recalled, he would probably have chosen Church. But the longer period for deliberation gave Carter time to worry about his compatibility with the publicity-seeking Church, who had a tendency to be long-winded. Instead, Carter invited Senators

767:, labeling Church as a candidate of the "corporate interests". Church won the race, defeating both Welker and Taylor, with a plurality of 46,315 votes. This was despite a number of factors that might have inhibited Church's campaign, including the Republican's fundraising advantage and Eisenhower's large victory in the presidential election. 1075:

Frank Church was considered a progressive (remarkable considering that he represented one of the most conservative states in the nation), though he was a strong opponent of gun control and was pro-life. In 1979, he was the first in Congress to disclose and protest the presence of Soviet combat troops

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treatments. This second chance led him to later reflect that "life itself is such a chancy proposition that the only way to live is by taking great chances." In 1950, Church graduated from Stanford Law School and returned to Boise to practice law and teach public speaking at Boise Junior College (now

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p. 121. Schmitz uses the example of "The Doves Have Won and Don't Know It" September 6, 1970 on CBS television, 2.2/32/IS, FCP; "The Doves Have Won," September 11, 1970 (Source of the "highest concept of patriotism..." quote), speech at Mills College of Education; "The Doves are Winning — Don't

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I don't want to see this country ever go across the bridge... I know the capacity that is there to make tyranny total in America, and we must see to it that this agency and all agencies that possess this technology operate within the law and under proper supervision, so that we never cross over that

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and contributions made by Lockheed officials from the late 1950s to the 1970s. In 1976, it was publicly revealed that Lockheed had paid $ 22 million in bribes to foreign officials in the process of negotiating the sale of aircraft including the F-104 Starfighter, the so-called "Deal of the Century."

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When the primary came, Church won the Democratic nomination, with only 37.75% of the vote, narrowly edging out Taylor by 200 votes. Though Church won the nomination, Taylor refused to concede, and claimed a number of voting irregularities in the canvassing of the primary. During the general election

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Now why is this investigation important? I'll tell you why: because I don't want to see this country ever go across the bridge. I know the capacity that is there to make tyranny total in America, and we must see to it that this agency and all agencies that possess this technology operate within the

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as follows: "I know the capacity that is there to make tyranny total in America, and we must see to it that this agency and all agencies that possess this technology operate within the law and under proper supervision, so that we never cross over that abyss. That is the abyss from which there is no

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In the need to develop a capacity to know what potential enemies are doing, the United States government has perfected a technological capability that enables us to monitor the messages that go through the air. These messages are between ships at sea, they could be between units, military units in

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If this government ever became a tyranny, if a dictator ever took charge in this country, the technological capacity that the intelligence community has given the government could enable it to impose total tyranny, and there would be no way to fight back because the most careful effort to combine

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Church gained national prominence during his service in the Senate through his chairmanship of the U.S. Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities from 1975 through 1976, more commonly known as the Church Committee, which conducted extensive

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By June, Carter had the nomination sufficiently locked up and could take time to interview potential vice-presidential candidates. The pundits predicted that Church would be tapped to provide balance as an experienced senator with strong liberal credentials. Church promoted himself, persuading

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comprised the old Idaho Primitive Area, the Salmon River Breaks Primitive Area, plus additional lands. At 2.36 million acres (9,550 km), over 3,600 square miles (9,300 km), it is the largest wilderness area in the nation outside of Alaska. It was renamed the

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Church argued that the opponents of the Vietnam War needed to prevent the corruption of the nation and its institutions. To Church, the anti-war opposition was the "highest concept of patriotism—which is not the patriotism of conformity—but the patriotism of Senator

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Church is also remembered for his voting record as a strong progressive and environmental legislator, and he played a major role in the creation of the nation's system of protected wilderness areas in the 1960s. In 1964, Church was the floor sponsor of the national

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That capability at any time could be turned around on the American people, and no American would have any privacy left, such is the capability to monitor everything: telephone conversations, telegrams, it doesn't matter. There would be no place to

3460: 763:, a decision that proved to be a weak political foundation. The Welker campaign also ran on his record, as well as the "Herman letter", in which President Eisenhower endorsed Welker's candidacy. Glen Taylor also ran in the general election as a 596:

on his 20th birthday. In the army, he served as a military intelligence officer in the China Burma India Theater. He was inducted to the Infantry Hall of Fame at Fort Benning. Following the end of the war, he was discharged in 1946.

905:, "A negotiated peace and the withdrawal of American troops," were now official policy. The only debate that remained would be over when to withdraw, not whether to withdraw, and over the meaning of the war. Church concluded: 4814: 1007:, and others, including prominent U.S. journalists and athletes, who criticized the U.S. war in Vietnam. A review by NSA of the NSA's Minaret program concluded that Minaret was "disreputable if not outright illegal." 544:

from 1907 until his death in 1940. When Borah died, Church walked by the open coffin in the rotunda of the State Capitol. He stated that "Because he was a senator, I wanted to become one, too." Church graduated from

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in the 1960s, although he had supported the conflict earlier. He was the co-author of two legislative efforts to curtail the war: the Cooper–Church Amendment of 1970, and the Case–Church Amendment of 1973.

5157: 3212: 798:, making this prescient warning: "In a democracy you cannot expect the people, whose sons are being killed and who will be killed, to exercise their judgment if the truth is concealed from them." 4098: 5102: 3882: 674:. After one of his testicles and glands in his lower abdomen were removed, Church was given only a few months to live. However, he rebounded from the illness after another doctor started 1656:

have praised Church for his prescient warning regarding this turning around by the NSA to monitor the American people, arguing that the NSA undertook such a turn in the years after the

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would be interviewed at the convention in New York. Of all the potential candidates, Carter found Mondale the most compatible. As a result, Carter selected Mondale as his running mate.

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of 1973, which sought to curtail the war. In 1975, he chaired the Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, better known as the

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campaign, Church and his campaign hit the road. Church shook around 75,000 hands over the entire course of the campaign. Church also conducted an astute campaign, by contrasting his

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attributes Church's victory to the 1967 recall effort backfiring: "Most Idaho voters were angered by the recall effort, and it generated sympathy for Church throughout the state."

381:. Considered a strong progressive and environmental legislator, he played a major role in the creation of a system of protected wilderness areas. Church was highly critical of the 5087: 5041: 3818: 902: 3420: 4108: 3730: 374: 540:, with Church attending St. Joseph's School as a youngster, where he went by the nickname "Frosty." In his youth, Church admired William Borah, who represented Idaho in the 5097: 4482: 2145: 978:

together in resistance to the government, no matter how privately it was done, is within the reach of the government to know. Such is the capability of this technology.

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National Recreation Area along the Oregon-Idaho border, which protected the gorge from dam building. He was also the primary proponent in the establishment of the

493:. Church III was the younger of two sons of Frank Forrester Church II and Laura Bilderback Church. His older brother Richard Church became a career officer in the 1189: 969:

return." More specifically on August 17, 1975, Senator Frank Church stated on NBC's "Meet the Press" without mentioning the name of the NSA about this agency:

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from 1979 to 1981. Following the instinct that led him to ask questions early on (see above), Church was one of the first senators to publicly oppose the

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National Oratorical Contest, which resulted in him receiving sufficient funds to provide for his four-year enrollment at Stanford University in

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with that of Welker. His slogan, "Idaho Will Be Proud of Frank Church", was a major asset to his campaign. Church also campaigned on an

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senator from the state and the only Democrat from the state who served more than two terms in the Senate. He was a prominent figure in

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on April 12 and televised throughout Idaho. Church was buried at Morris Hill Cemetery near his boyhood hero, Senator William Borah.

1535: 1045: 593: 315:, from 1957 to 1981 he served as a U.S. Senator from Idaho, and is currently the last Democrat to do so. He was the longest serving 1630:

Church was stunned by what the Church Committee learned about the immense operations and electronic monitoring capabilities of the

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Church lost his bid for a fifth term to Symms by less than one percent of the vote. His defeat was blamed on the activities of the

1243:(NCPAC), based in Washington, D.C. ABC and NCPAC had no formal connection with the 1980 Senate campaign of conservative Republican 2733: 1579:

Less than three months later, he died at his home in Bethesda, Maryland, on April 7 at age 59. A memorial service was held at the

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politics, and he became the chairman of the Young Democrats of Idaho. In 1952, he ran for a seat in the then-Republican dominated

489:, with his grandfather, Frank Forrester Church I, moving to Idaho during the height of the gold rush that followed the end of the 4705: 4523: 3970: 3519: 1119: 1088:

programs. The bill did not have widespread support and was not brought to a vote. Congress finally included a hospice benefit in

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In 1967, a recall campaign was waged against Church by Ron Rankin, a Republican county commissioner in the northern Idaho county

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ruled that the state's recall laws did not apply to U.S. senators and that such a recall would violate the U.S. Constitution.

794:. Recently declassified documents show that the young veteran also challenged his mentor, behind closed doors, after the 1964 4269: 4025: 3920: 3576: 3256: 1150: 1146: 2495: 2411: 2134:

says that this was the central issue in this election and the Governor's election in the same year, and noted that Church's

1125:, the "conscience clause," which prohibited the government from requiring church-affiliated hospitals to perform abortions. 2551: 3258:

Collection: Records of the 1976 Campaign Committee to Elect Jimmy Carter; Subject File; Folder: Frank Church; Container 70

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in 1983 to honor his work for the American people during his career in public office. His papers, originally given to his

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and returned to Boise to practice law. Church became an active Democrat in Idaho and ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the

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law and under proper supervision so that we never cross over that abyss. That is the abyss from which there is no return.

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As of 2024, Church remains the last Democrat to serve in the U.S. Senate from Idaho; his final election victory was in

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had won." Author David F. Schmitz states that Church based his assertion on the fact that two key propositions of the

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winter was the cause of a pain in his lower back. The pain did not go away and the problem was soon diagnosed as

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Ewert, Sara E. Dant. "Evolution of an Environmentalist: Senator Frank Church and the Hells Canyon Controversy".

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intelligence-gathering and covert operations. The committee investigated CIA drug smuggling activities in the

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who co-founded the Victory in Vietnam Committee to coordinate the recall. Rankin unsuccessfully sued Idaho's

690:, who died in 2009, and Chase Clark Church, who lives in Boise. Both boys were named for their grandfathers. 2719: 1081: 795: 714: 320: 3230:

The Last Honest Man: The CIA, the FBI, the Mafia and the Kennedys—and One Senator's Fight to Save Democracy

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Frank Forrester Church III was born on July 25, 1924, in Boise, Idaho. He traced his ancestry from the

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Senate seat held by Herman Welker, who had alienated many Republicans for his opposition to President

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Commemorative plaque in Idaho City where Church announced his candidacy for the presidential election

1100: 722: 601: 581: 541: 421: 165: 53: 2782: 2309: 843:, Church won with over 60 percent of the vote against Republican challenger and U.S. Representative 4864: 4681: 3415: 3112: 2131: 1634:(NSA), an agency whose existence was unknown to most Americans at the time. Church stated in 1975: 1588: 1269:

to not vote at all. As of 2024, Church is the last Democrat to represent Idaho in the U.S. Senate.

1217: 1041: 833: 663: 658:, since 1981). The two had a happy marriage and often showed their affection in public. He entered 473: 343: 331: 200: 41: 3486: 3366:

Ewert, Sara E. Dant. "Peak Park Politics: The Struggle over the Sawtooths, from Borah to Church".

4961: 4209: 3925: 3356: 3297: 2528: 2241: 1158: 1033: 764: 659: 490: 453: 335: 250: 142: 3186: 2577:"Sen. Frank Church Warns of How Easily Government Can Abuse Expanding Surveillance Capabilities" 2236: 1767: 897:

In September 1970, Church announced on television and in speeches across the country that "the

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in the north. Many believed that this caused many Democrats in the more politically moderate

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Tuesday Night Massacre: Four Senate Elections and the Radicalization of the Republican Party

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and the national media's early announcement in Idaho of Republican presidential candidate

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Upon entering the Senate in January 1957, Church voted against a procedural motion on the

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Dant, Sara. "Making Wilderness Work: Frank Church and the American Wilderness Movement".

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signed the act on March 14, less than four weeks before Frank Church's death on April 7.

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and gained passage of a ten-year moratorium on federal plans to transfer water from the

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Church left Stanford in 1942, at the age of 18, and enlisted in the Army following the

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His date of discharged is inconsistent, with some sources putting it instead in 1945.

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in 1942, where he served as student body president. As a junior in 1941, he won the

377:. In 1960, Church received national exposure when he gave the keynote speech at the 366: 4990: 4882: 4664: 4558: 4449: 4434: 4349: 4339: 4284: 4274: 3835: 3638: 3475: 3391:(U of Oklahoma Press, 2021). 1980 Senate races saw bitter defeats of Frank Church, 2500: 2122:

Although The Western Political Quarterly described his support for the high dam at

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Father and Son: A Personal Biography of Senator Frank Church of Idaho by His Son

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of World War II. Following the end of the war, he completed his law degree from

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So the last service the doves can perform for their country, is to insist that

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Ashby, LeRoy. "Frank Church Goes to the Senate: The Idaho Election of 1956".

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in 1984, shortly after the diagnosis of his pancreatic cancer. Idaho Senator

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on January 12, 1984, and he died less than three months later at his home in

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professor Claude Burtenshaw, bureaucrat Alvin McCormack, and former senator

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This was in stark contrast to Welker's campaign, which focused heavily on

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The Conversion of Senator Frank Church: Evolution of an Environmentalist.

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Frank Church, the Senate, and the Emergence of Dissent on the Vietnam War

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in Washington, D.C., and then his body was flown home to Idaho, where he

558: 457: 409: 311:(July 25, 1924 – April 7, 1984) was an American politician and lawyer. A 2712:"It's 'Frank' vs. 'Steve' as Idaho's Church seeks re-election to Senate" 3360: 2866:. (Spokane, Washington). Associated Press. January 11, 1984. p. 1. 2734:"National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization: History of Hospice" 2576: 1223:

In the late 1970s, Church was a leading congressional supporter of the

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and established a reputation as a member of the party's liberal wing.

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introduced the measure in the Senate in late February, and President

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Three years after leaving the Senate, Church was hospitalized for a

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to guarantee contracts for military aircraft in a series of illegal

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Church was reelected in 1962, defeating former state representative

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and "The Unsung Victory of the Doves," December 1970, 10.6/8/8 FCP.

2632:"Declassified NSA files show agency spied on Muhammad Ali and MLK" 2552:"Idaho's Frank Church has posthumous TV debate with Rick Santorum" 2390: 2315:. Washington: Government Printing Office. July 1, 1969. p. 11 1172:

for president and announced his candidacy on March 18 from rustic

1132: 675: 428:. Church was re-elected continuously to the Senate, defeating his 58: 3034:. (Spokane, Washington). wire reports. March 2, 1984. p. 21. 3377:. Pullman, Washington: Washington State University Press, 1995. 1560: 4805: 4478: 4080: 3864: 2878:"Former Sen. Church will undergo surgery at N.Y. cancer center" 2524: 2467: 965: 939: 935: 3130:"Frank Church running 'happy campaign,' relaxed about future" 2758: 619:. The wedding took place at the secluded Robinson Bar Ranch ( 2663:. Salt Lake City, Utah. UPI. February 28, 1984. p. 10B. 2496:"Edward Snowden: saving us from the United Stasi of America" 338:, where he served as a military intelligence officer in the 2924:. Washington. Associated Press. April 11, 1984. p. 36. 5148:

Candidates in the 1976 United States presidential election

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Church received an honorary doctorate from Pennsylvania's

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The United States and Right-Wing Dictatorships, 1965–1989

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Church also was instrumental in the creation of Idaho's

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Third term (1969–1975): Vietnam War and Church Committee

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abyss. That is the abyss from which there is no return.

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He is widely quoted as also stating regarding the NSA:

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Following his 24 years in the Senate, Church practiced

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Ph.D. dissertation, Washington State University, 2000.

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Martin, Boyd A. (1957). "The 1956 Election in Idaho".

2860:"Frank Church in hospital; described as 'gravely ill'" 2391:"Congressional Oversight and the Crippling of the CIA" 1036:

from northwestern states, Church helped establish the

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in a closely contested primary election and incumbent

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Chairmen of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations

717:, but lost the election. In 1956, Church ran for the 650:), the Clark family's ranch in the mountains east of 3421:

Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

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In late 1975 and early 1976, a sub-committee of the

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got nearly 57 percent of the popular vote in Idaho.

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that fall and after one year, Church transferred to

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United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations

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Fighting the Odds: The Life of Senator Frank Church

2437:"State Terrorism and September 11, 1973 & 2001" 2290:. The American Presidency Project, UC Santa Barbara 1843: 1841: 1789: 1787: 1785: 709:Following his return to Idaho, he became active in 279: 264: 256: 246: 238: 233: 216: 195: 184: 159: 149: 132: 108: 103: 87: 75: 52: 32: 5103:Democratic Party United States senators from Idaho 2918:"Church's body returned for funeral rite at Boise" 2773:"Scancals: Lockheed's Defiance: A Right to Bribe?" 2675:"Reagan signs bill naming area after Frank Church" 2626: 2624: 2146:Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson 1611:Stanford University in 1981, were transferred to 1164:after signing Egyptian–Israeli Peace Treaty, 1979 987:NSA monitoring of Senator Church's communications 444:, until his defeat during the Republican wave of 1895:"Musician Carole King's Stanley ranch re-listed" 1591:. His funeral was held in downtown Boise at the 1241:National Conservative Political Action Committee 885:during the 1970s, and served as chairman of the 3784:Senate National Emergency Termination Committee 971: 907: 2657:"Idaho acts to rename area after Frank Church" 1559:, firm of Whitman and Ransom, specializing in 4490: 4092: 3876: 2978:. Associated Press. April 9, 1984. p. 3. 2604:"Post-September 11, NSA 'enemies' include us" 725:'s programs and his alleged affiliation with 8: 5088:United States Army personnel of World War II 3092:"Mother of former Sen. Church dies in Boise" 2693:"Frank Church: Respect for life of all ages" 2130:, p. 123), Lyndon Johnson's biographer 1753: 1099:led by Church concluded that members of the 1055:in 1980, his final year in the Senate. This 3143:"Idaho Ex-Sen. Frank Church Dies of Cancer" 2237:"Records Show Doubts on '64 Vietnam Crisis" 1703: 1701: 1682: – an alternative high school in Boise 705:1956 United States Senate election in Idaho 4802: 4710: 4528: 4497: 4483: 4475: 4099: 4085: 4077: 3883: 3869: 3861: 3606:Response to the State of the Union address 3501: 3481:Franklin & Eleanor Roosevelt Institute 3455:Frank Church—River of No Return Wilderness 3043: 3041: 2972:"Frank Church will rest near boyhood hero" 2515: 2513: 2511: 2333: 2274: 2262: 2222: 2210: 2198: 1686:Frank Church—River of No Return Wilderness 1279:U.S. Senate elections in Idaho (Class III) 1062:Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness 71:January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1981 40: 29: 27:American politician and lawyer (1924–1984) 5098:Deaths from pancreatic cancer in Maryland 3187:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0700358 2581:Grabien – The Multimedia Marketplace 2463:"Debate: Bush's handling of terror clues" 2080:. Washington. March 25, 1987. p. A3. 1998:"New Cancer Threat Lurks Long After Cure" 1212:, for personal interviews, while Church, 756:and was conservative on money matters. 4511:1976 United States presidential election 3353:Montana: The Magazine of Western History 3010:"Church remembered as man of compassion" 2375:Despair," September 26, 1970, speech at 1862: 1805: 1734: 1276: 1140: 913:'s withdrawal program truly leads to a " 472: 406:1976 Democratic nomination for president 3232:. New York: Little, Brown and Company. 3136:. Spokane, Washington. WP. p. A12. 2074:"Sen. Church's son sentenced to prison" 1901:. Ketchum. July 2, 2010. Archived from 1820: 1724: 1697: 686:Frank and Bethine Church had two sons, 3128:Lardner, George Jr. (April 25, 1976). 3103:Prentice, George (February 13, 2013). 3050:"The Agency That Could Be Big Brother" 3016:. Idaho. Associated Press. p. 1A. 2186: 2174: 2127: 2110: 2093: 3090:Campbell, Thomas W. (March 5, 1983). 2389:Knott, Stephen F (November 4, 2001). 1847: 1832: 1793: 1168:In 1976, Church belatedly sought the 1011:Environmental record and other issues 956:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 887:Senate Committee on Foreign Relations 809:Attempted recall and election of 1968 399:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 7: 3048:Bamford, James (December 25, 2005). 2815:Weaver Jr., Warren (June 15, 1976). 2602:Bamford, James (13 September 2011). 2235:Bumiller, Elizabeth (14 July 2010). 1105:paid members of friendly governments 836:, agreed with the court's decision. 5118:Politicians from Bethesda, Maryland 3008:Gallagher, Susan (April 13, 1984). 2936:"Church's body comes home to Idaho" 2817:"Church Withdraws; Endorses Carter" 2798:"Church joins race for White House" 2521:"The Intelligence Gathering Debate" 2143:(2002). "Chapter 38 Hells Canyon". 934:hearings investigating extra-legal 379:1960 Democratic National Convention 3731:Senate Foreign Relations Committee 3431:– Frank Forrester Church III 3141:House, Robert E. (April 8, 1984). 3067:Greenwald, Glenn (June 25, 2013). 2494:Ellsberg, Daniel (June 10, 2013). 2410:Mooney, Chris (November 5, 2001). 2045:Hunter, Marjorie (April 8, 1984). 1973:. January 23, 1984. Archived from 1115:Church also sponsored, along with 991:In a secret operation code-named " 847:, in contrast with the concurrent 788:Senate Foreign Relations Committee 469:Youth, family, and early education 375:Senate Foreign Relations Committee 334:in 1942 but left to enlist in the 25: 5083:20th-century American politicians 3892:United States senators from Idaho 3688:U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Idaho 3449:– tribute to Bethine Church 3266:Jimmy Carter Presidential Library 3228:Risen, James; Risen, Tom (2023). 3162:. Encyclopedia of World Biography 2997:. Spokane, Washington. p. 1. 2834:Lindsay, John J (June 30, 1980). 2781:. August 18, 1975. Archived from 2710:Mouat, Lucia (October 16, 1980). 964:quoted Church as speaking of the 950:countries. Together with Senator 779:against the wishes of Democratic 532:. The family was reportedly very 420:, he withdrew in favor of former 4463: 3969: 3466:Morris Hill Cemetery - Boise, ID 3461:Boise High School's Hall of Fame 3441:BSU Library: Special Collections 3028:"Church's papers headed for BSU" 2796:Shelledy, Jay (March 19, 1976). 1239:(ABC) committee, created by the 832:, a future chief justice of the 821:to accept recall petitions. The 397:, laying the groundwork for the 268: 5173:Liberalism in the United States 5113:Lawyers from Bethesda, Maryland 3429:Encyclopedia of World Biography 3321:78 (January–April 1987): 17–31. 3282:The Western Political Quarterly 3181:. American National Biography. 3098:. Associated Press. p. 5B. 2531:from the original on 2021-12-12 2435:Burbach, Roger (October 2003). 1996:Petrow, Steve (July 16, 2012). 1943:"Bethine Church dies at age 90" 1919:. Hall and Hall. Archived from 1227:, which proposed to return the 1145:From left: Senator (and future 946:and secret U.S.-backed wars in 752:, in favor of a publicly owned 487:East Coast of the United States 369:of then-Senate majority leader 174: 3577:Democratic National Convention 3403:and weakened moderates in GOP. 3341:Review 77 (May 2008): 237–272. 3324:Ashby, LeRoy, and Rod Gramer. 2471:. May 19, 2002. Archived from 2362:. Cambridge University Press. 986: 568:Military service and education 1: 5163:20th-century American lawyers 5133:Military personnel from Idaho 5128:Politicians from Boise, Idaho 3819:Senate Intelligence Committee 2991:"Last tribute paid to Church" 2989:Sher, Jeff (April 13, 1984). 2896:"Frank Church dies of cancer" 2550:Popkey, Dan (5 August 2013). 1875:Dieter, Alice (Spring 1973). 1053:River of No Return Wilderness 823:U.S. District Court for Idaho 3437:-The Frank Church Institute 3416:"Frank Church (id: C000388)" 3160:"Frank Forrester Church III" 2954:"Hundreds of Idahoans mourn" 2906:). April 8, 1984. p. 1. 2844:. p. 20. Archived from 1255:Anybody But Church Committee 1020:. In 1968, he sponsored the 404:Church belatedly sought the 5143:United States Army officers 3368:Pacific Northwest Quarterly 3319:Pacific Northwest Quarterly 1967:"Milestones: Jan. 23, 1984" 1587:beneath the rotunda of the 1542: 1539: 1523: 1508: 1491: 1488: 1472: 1461: 1440: 1427: 1406: 1393: 1373: 1370: 1354: 1340: 1157:, Senator Frank Church and 881:Church was a key figure in 851:where Republican candidate 666:, when he thought the cold 373:, and was appointed to the 5189: 5138:Stanford Law School alumni 4844:American Independent Party 3487:Frank Church for President 3483:– Frank and Bethine Church 3375:Frank Church, D.C., and Me 3306:Accessed 18 November 2021. 1768:"Frank Forrester Church I" 1186:McGovern–Fraser Commission 1076:in Cuba. According to the 1048:in central Idaho in 1972. 1022:Wild and Scenic Rivers Act 866: 702: 495:United States Marine Corps 309:Frank Forrester Church III 113:Frank Forrester Church III 5153:Lockheed bribery scandals 5123:Lawyers from Boise, Idaho 5033: 4801: 4713: 4531: 4461: 4115: 3967: 3849: 3840: 3832: 3827: 3807: 3797: 3780: 3775: 3765: 3755: 3747: 3737: 3727: 3719: 3709: 3685: 3677: 3670: 3655: 3603: 3595: 3585: 3573: 3565: 3555: 3517: 3509: 3504: 3443:- The Frank Church Papers 3355:51 (Spring 2001): 36–51. 3175:Hogan, Mary Jane (1999). 2716:Christian Science Monitor 2377:Colorado State University 2358:Schmitz, David F (2006). 2024:"Church, Frank Forrester" 1190:1936 Republican primaries 1078:Christian Science Monitor 688:Frank Forrester Church IV 654:(and now owned by singer 592:, and was commissioned a 362:in the general election. 340:China Burma India Theater 302: 292:China Burma India Theater 99: 64: 48: 39: 3505:Party political offices 3489:– 1976 campaign brochure 3414:United States Congress. 3096:Lewiston Morning Tribune 3014:Lewiston Morning Tribune 2900:Lewiston Morning Tribune 2802:Lewiston Morning Tribune 2697:Lewiston Morning Tribune 2004:. New York Times Company 1680:Frank Church High School 1632:National Security Agency 1615:at his request in 1984. 1593:Cathedral of the Rockies 1225:Torrijos-Carter Treaties 1046:National Recreation Area 997:National Security Agency 777:Civil Rights Act of 1957 600:In June 1947 he married 330:, Idaho, he enrolled at 4981:Socialist Workers Party 3575:Keynote Speaker of the 3370:(Summer 2000): 138–149. 3255:Sterrett, Noel (1976). 3149:. Spokane, Washington. 1670:Cooper–Church Amendment 883:American foreign policy 869:Cooper–Church Amendment 796:Gulf of Tonkin incident 715:Idaho state legislature 387:Cooper–Church Amendment 365:As a senator, he was a 321:American foreign policy 5093:American Presbyterians 3759:Senate Aging Committee 3435:Boise State University 3331:Church, F. Forrester. 3215:. The Lewiston Tribune 2334:Risen & Risen 2023 2275:Risen & Risen 2023 2263:Risen & Risen 2023 2223:Risen & Risen 2023 2211:Risen & Risen 2023 2199:Risen & Risen 2023 1899:Idaho Mountain Express 1650: 1641: 1613:Boise State University 1165: 1138: 1005:Martin Luther King Jr. 984: 923: 827:State attorney general 771:First term (1957–1963) 681:Boise State University 608:, a former Democratic 574:attack on Pearl Harbor 557:, where he joined the 512:His father co-owned a 482: 3344:Ewert, Sara E. Dant. 3211:Ashby, LeRoy (1990). 3158:Encyclopedia (2008). 3115:on September 28, 2015 2836:"Endangered Liberals" 2785:on November 17, 2007. 2417:The American Prospect 2225:, pp. 23, 66–67. 1977:on September 30, 2007 1923:on September 29, 2015 1675:Case–Church Amendment 1652:Commentators such as 1645: 1636: 1626:Warning about the NSA 1622:, 50 years ago. 1605:Elizabethtown College 1208:to visit his home in 1170:Democratic nomination 1144: 1136: 1129:Late political career 1032:. Working with other 873:Case–Church Amendment 867:Further information: 849:presidential election 516:and took the sons on 481:, whom Church admired 476: 391:Case–Church Amendment 257:Years of service 54:United States Senator 5038:Other 1976 elections 3751:Harrison A. Williams 3457:(PDF) - user's guide 2848:on January 31, 2008. 2804:. Idaho. p. 1A. 2722:on January 31, 2008. 2451:on January 11, 2006. 2447:(10). Archived from 2396:History News Network 1917:"Robinson Bar Ranch" 1658:September 11 attacks 1506:Frank Church (inc.) 1281:: Results 1956–1980 1237:"Anybody But Church" 841:1968 Senate election 723:Dwight D. Eisenhower 542:United States Senate 514:sporting goods store 505:, the author of the 503:Albert T. Church III 460:, on April 7, 1984. 4739:Incumbent nominee: 4682:Adlai Stevenson III 3792:Position abolished 2904:The Washington Post 2718:: 6. Archived from 2527:. August 18, 1975. 1589:Idaho State Capitol 1282: 1218:Adlai Stevenson III 1042:Sawtooth Wilderness 1034:members of Congress 834:state supreme court 664:Stanford Law School 634: / 497:, and retired as a 344:Stanford Law School 332:Stanford University 326:Born and raised in 201:Stanford University 4833:Thomas J. Anderson 3843:Baby of the Senate 3694:Served alongside: 3660:Title next held by 3612:Served alongside: 3339:Pacific Historical 3054:The New York Times 2821:The New York Times 2242:The New York Times 2053:The New York Times 1877:"The Robinson Bar" 1581:National Cathedral 1277: 1166: 1159:President of Egypt 1139: 819:secretary of state 765:write-in candidate 660:Harvard Law School 638:44.247°N 114.678°W 483: 251:United States Army 143:Bethesda, Maryland 5060: 5059: 5029: 5028: 4952:Prohibition Party 4894:Libertarian Party 4797: 4796: 4764:Other candidates: 4700: 4699: 4655:Jennings Randolph 4582:Other candidates: 4472: 4471: 4074: 4073: 3859: 3858: 3850:Succeeded by 3823: 3808:Succeeded by 3766:Succeeded by 3738:Succeeded by 3710:Succeeded by 3701:Leonard B. Jordan 3692:1957–1981 3586:Succeeded by 3556:Succeeded by 3513:David Worth Clark 3387:Johnson, Marc C. 3383:978-0-87422-119-0 3196:978-0-19-860669-7 2976:Spokane Chronicle 2958:Spokane Chronicle 2922:Spokane Chronicle 2679:Spokane Chronicle 2475:on April 29, 2011 2265:, pp. 87–88. 2213:, pp. 65–66. 2201:, pp. 54–55. 2078:Spokane Chronicle 1754:Encyclopedia 2008 1577:January 12, 1984. 1553:international law 1549: 1548: 1481:Jean L. Stoddard 1263:Pacific Time Zone 1026:Pacific Northwest 903:anti-war movement 784:Lyndon B. Johnson 672:testicular cancer 610:governor of Idaho 547:Boise High School 371:Lyndon B. Johnson 348:state legislature 306: 305: 274:Second Lieutenant 16:(Redirected from 5180: 5010:U.S. Labor Party 4803: 4767:James L. Buckley 4711: 4706:Republican Party 4625:Henry M. Jackson 4529: 4524:Democratic Party 4499: 4492: 4485: 4476: 4467: 4101: 4094: 4087: 4078: 3973: 3885: 3878: 3871: 3862: 3833:Preceded by 3828:Honorary titles 3817:as Chair of the 3814: 3801:Church Committee 3748:Preceded by 3741:Charles H. Percy 3720:Preceded by 3705:James A. McClure 3678:Preceded by 3647:William Proxmire 3635:Martha Griffiths 3596:Preceded by 3569:Frank G. Clement 3566:Preceded by 3510:Preceded by 3502: 3425: 3305: 3276: 3274: 3272: 3263: 3251: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3154: 3151:Associated Press 3147:Spokesman-Review 3137: 3134:Spokesman-Review 3124: 3122: 3120: 3111:. Archived from 3099: 3077: 3076: 3064: 3058: 3057: 3045: 3036: 3035: 3032:Spokesman-Review 3024: 3018: 3017: 3005: 2999: 2998: 2995:Spokesman-Review 2986: 2980: 2979: 2968: 2962: 2961: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2940:Spokesman-Review 2932: 2926: 2925: 2914: 2908: 2907: 2892: 2886: 2885: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2864:Spokesman-Review 2856: 2850: 2849: 2831: 2825: 2824: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2793: 2787: 2786: 2769: 2763: 2762: 2755: 2749: 2748: 2746: 2745: 2736:. Archived from 2730: 2724: 2723: 2707: 2701: 2700: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2671: 2665: 2664: 2653: 2647: 2646: 2644: 2643: 2628: 2619: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2599: 2593: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2583:. 17 August 1975 2573: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2547: 2541: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2517: 2506: 2505: 2491: 2485: 2484: 2482: 2480: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2432: 2426: 2425: 2420:. Archived from 2412:"Back to Church" 2407: 2401: 2400: 2386: 2380: 2373: 2355: 2349: 2343: 2337: 2331: 2325: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2314: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2284: 2278: 2272: 2266: 2260: 2254: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2232: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2196: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2172: 2161: 2160: 2138:was on the dam. 2120: 2114: 2108: 2097: 2091: 2082: 2081: 2070: 2064: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2050: 2042: 2036: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2020: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2009: 1993: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1963: 1957: 1956: 1954: 1953: 1939: 1933: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1913: 1907: 1906: 1905:on July 5, 2010. 1891: 1885: 1884: 1872: 1866: 1860: 1851: 1845: 1836: 1830: 1824: 1818: 1809: 1803: 1797: 1791: 1780: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1763: 1757: 1751: 1738: 1732: 1708: 1705: 1578: 1573:pancreatic tumor 1557:Washington, D.C. 1437:George V. Hansen 1283: 1273:Election results 1214:Henry M. Jackson 877:Church Committee 845:George V. Hansen 754:Hells Canyon Dam 747:internationalist 711:Democratic Party 649: 648: 646: 645: 644: 643:44.247; -114.678 639: 635: 632: 631: 630: 627: 588:, as one of the 584:. He trained at 450:pancreatic tumor 395:Church Committee 389:of 1970 and the 272: 234:Military service 212: 178: 176: 139: 122: 120: 104:Personal details 90: 78: 69: 44: 30: 21: 5188: 5187: 5183: 5182: 5181: 5179: 5178: 5177: 5108:Idaho Democrats 5063: 5062: 5061: 5056: 5025: 5020:Lyndon LaRouche 5004: 4999:Willie Mae Reid 4975: 4946: 4933:Margaret Wright 4917: 4888: 4865:Communist Party 4859: 4838: 4817: 4793: 4727: 4696: 4677:Sargent Shriver 4645:Ellen McCormack 4640:Eugene McCarthy 4620:Hubert Humphrey 4545: 4518: 4503: 4473: 4468: 4459: 4111: 4105: 4075: 4070: 3974: 3965: 3894: 3889: 3855: 3846: 3838: 3813: 3804: 3787: 3771: 3762: 3753: 3743: 3734: 3725: 3715: 3693: 3691: 3683: 3661: 3651:Leonor Sullivan 3631:Thomas Eagleton 3611: 3609: 3601: 3591: 3589:John O. Pastore 3580: 3571: 3561: 3534: 3527: 3515: 3413: 3410: 3401:George McGovern 3314: 3312:Further reading 3309: 3279: 3270: 3268: 3261: 3254: 3240: 3227: 3218: 3216: 3210: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3174: 3165: 3163: 3157: 3140: 3127: 3118: 3116: 3102: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3066: 3065: 3061: 3047: 3046: 3039: 3026: 3025: 3021: 3007: 3006: 3002: 2988: 2987: 2983: 2970: 2969: 2965: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2916: 2915: 2911: 2894: 2893: 2889: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2833: 2832: 2828: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2795: 2794: 2790: 2771: 2770: 2766: 2757: 2756: 2752: 2743: 2741: 2732: 2731: 2727: 2709: 2708: 2704: 2691: 2690: 2686: 2673: 2672: 2668: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2641: 2639: 2630: 2629: 2622: 2612: 2610: 2601: 2600: 2596: 2586: 2584: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2560: 2558: 2556:Idaho Statesman 2549: 2548: 2544: 2534: 2532: 2519: 2518: 2509: 2493: 2492: 2488: 2478: 2476: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2434: 2433: 2429: 2409: 2408: 2404: 2388: 2387: 2383: 2370: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2344: 2340: 2332: 2328: 2318: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2307: 2303: 2293: 2291: 2286: 2285: 2281: 2273: 2269: 2261: 2257: 2247: 2245: 2234: 2233: 2229: 2221: 2217: 2209: 2205: 2197: 2193: 2185: 2181: 2173: 2164: 2157: 2139: 2121: 2117: 2109: 2100: 2092: 2085: 2072: 2071: 2067: 2057: 2055: 2044: 2043: 2039: 2029: 2027: 2022: 2021: 2017: 2007: 2005: 1995: 1994: 1990: 1980: 1978: 1965: 1964: 1960: 1951: 1949: 1941: 1940: 1936: 1926: 1924: 1915: 1914: 1910: 1893: 1892: 1888: 1874: 1873: 1869: 1861: 1854: 1846: 1839: 1831: 1827: 1819: 1812: 1804: 1800: 1792: 1783: 1773: 1771: 1765: 1764: 1760: 1752: 1741: 1733: 1726: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1711: 1706: 1699: 1694: 1666: 1654:Glenn Greenwald 1628: 1601: 1576: 1569: 1275: 1267:Idaho Panhandle 1210:Plains, Georgia 1131: 1013: 993:Project Minaret 989: 962:Daniel Ellsberg 944:Golden Triangle 911:President Nixon 879: 865: 811: 781:Majority Leader 773: 707: 701: 696: 642: 640: 636: 633: 628: 625: 623: 621: 620: 570: 551:American Legion 530:Idaho mountains 528:outings in the 471: 466: 298: 229: 199: 180: 177: 1947) 172: 168: 150:Political party 141: 137: 124: 118: 116: 115: 114: 88: 76: 70: 65: 56: 35: 28: 23: 22: 18:Frank F. Church 15: 12: 11: 5: 5186: 5184: 5176: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5065: 5064: 5058: 5057: 5055: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5034: 5031: 5030: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5023: 5014: 5012: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5002: 4994: 4985: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4974: 4973: 4965: 4956: 4954: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4944: 4941:Benjamin Spock 4936: 4927: 4925: 4923:People's Party 4919: 4918: 4916: 4915: 4912:David Bergland 4907: 4904:Roger MacBride 4898: 4896: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4878: 4869: 4867: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4857: 4848: 4846: 4840: 4839: 4837: 4836: 4827: 4825: 4823:American Party 4819: 4818: 4806: 4799: 4798: 4795: 4794: 4792: 4791: 4789:Harold Stassen 4786: 4785: 4784: 4779: 4769: 4760: 4759: 4751: 4750: 4749: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4725: 4720: 4714: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4692:George Wallace 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4673: 4672: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4650:Walter Mondale 4647: 4642: 4637: 4635:Barbara Jordan 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4615:Fred R. Harris 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4578: 4577: 4574:Walter Mondale 4569: 4568: 4567: 4553: 4551: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4532: 4526: 4520: 4519: 4504: 4502: 4501: 4494: 4487: 4479: 4470: 4469: 4462: 4460: 4458: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4116: 4113: 4112: 4107:Chairs of the 4106: 4104: 4103: 4096: 4089: 4081: 4072: 4071: 4069: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3982: 3980: 3976: 3975: 3968: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3902: 3900: 3896: 3895: 3890: 3888: 3887: 3880: 3873: 3865: 3857: 3856: 3851: 3848: 3839: 3834: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3824: 3809: 3806: 3795: 3794: 3789: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3767: 3764: 3754: 3749: 3745: 3744: 3739: 3736: 3726: 3721: 3717: 3716: 3711: 3708: 3697:Henry Dworshak 3684: 3679: 3675: 3674: 3668: 3667: 3664:Mike Mansfield 3659: 3654: 3643:Ralph Metcalfe 3602: 3599:Mike Mansfield 3597: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3584: 3572: 3567: 3563: 3562: 3557: 3554: 3516: 3511: 3507: 3506: 3500: 3499: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3469: 3468:- Walking Tour 3463: 3458: 3452: 3451: 3450: 3444: 3432: 3426: 3409: 3408:External links 3406: 3405: 3404: 3385: 3371: 3364: 3349: 3342: 3335: 3329: 3322: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3307: 3294:10.2307/444248 3277: 3252: 3238: 3225: 3208: 3195: 3172: 3155: 3138: 3125: 3100: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3078: 3059: 3037: 3019: 3000: 2981: 2963: 2945: 2927: 2909: 2887: 2869: 2851: 2826: 2807: 2788: 2764: 2750: 2725: 2702: 2684: 2666: 2648: 2620: 2594: 2568: 2542: 2507: 2486: 2454: 2427: 2424:on 2006-12-05. 2402: 2381: 2368: 2350: 2338: 2326: 2301: 2279: 2267: 2255: 2227: 2215: 2203: 2191: 2189:, p. 122. 2179: 2177:, p. 125. 2162: 2155: 2141:Robert A. Caro 2115: 2113:, p. 124. 2098: 2096:, p. 123. 2083: 2065: 2037: 2015: 1988: 1958: 1934: 1908: 1886: 1867: 1852: 1837: 1825: 1823:, p. A12. 1810: 1798: 1781: 1758: 1739: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1696: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1689: 1688: 1683: 1677: 1672: 1665: 1662: 1627: 1624: 1600: 1597: 1568: 1565: 1547: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1533: 1532:Larry Fullmer 1530: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1454: 1452: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1420: 1418: 1412: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1386: 1384: 1378: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1364:Glen H. Taylor 1361: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1334: 1332: 1326: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1274: 1271: 1206:Walter Mondale 1147:Vice President 1130: 1127: 1018:Wilderness Act 1012: 1009: 988: 985: 915:Vietnamization 864: 861: 810: 807: 772: 769: 761:anti-Communism 735:Glen H. Taylor 700: 697: 695: 692: 604:, daughter of 569: 566: 470: 467: 465: 462: 304: 303: 300: 299: 297: 296: 295: 294: 283: 281: 277: 276: 266: 262: 261: 258: 254: 253: 248: 247:Branch/service 244: 243: 240: 236: 235: 231: 230: 228: 227: 224: 220: 218: 214: 213: 197: 193: 192: 186: 182: 181: 170: 164: 163: 161: 157: 156: 151: 147: 146: 140:(aged 59) 134: 130: 129: 112: 110: 106: 105: 101: 100: 97: 96: 91: 85: 84: 79: 73: 72: 62: 61: 50: 49: 46: 45: 37: 36: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5185: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5053: 5052:Gubernatorial 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5032: 5022: 5021: 5016: 5015: 5013: 5011: 5007: 5001: 5000: 4995: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4978: 4972: 4971: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4942: 4937: 4935: 4934: 4929: 4928: 4926: 4924: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4908: 4906: 4905: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4879: 4877: 4876: 4871: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4854:Lester Maddox 4850: 4849: 4847: 4845: 4841: 4835: 4834: 4829: 4828: 4826: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4813: 4809: 4804: 4800: 4790: 4787: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4774: 4773: 4772:Ronald Reagan 4770: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4752: 4748: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4742: 4737: 4736: 4734: 4730: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4715: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4703: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4671: 4668: 4667: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4660:Terry Sanford 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4630:Leon Jaworski 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4590:Lloyd Bentsen 4588: 4586: 4583: 4580: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4570: 4566: 4563: 4562: 4561: 4560: 4555: 4554: 4552: 4548: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4533: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4521: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4500: 4495: 4493: 4488: 4486: 4481: 4480: 4477: 4466: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4117: 4114: 4110: 4102: 4097: 4095: 4090: 4088: 4083: 4082: 4079: 4067: 4064: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3983: 3981: 3977: 3972: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3903: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3886: 3881: 3879: 3874: 3872: 3867: 3866: 3863: 3854: 3845: 3844: 3837: 3831: 3826: 3822: 3821: 3820: 3812: 3811:Daniel Inouye 3803: 3802: 3799:Chair of the 3796: 3793: 3790: 3786: 3785: 3782:Chair of the 3778: 3774: 3770: 3769:Lawton Chiles 3761: 3760: 3757:Chair of the 3752: 3746: 3742: 3733: 3732: 3729:Chair of the 3724: 3723:John Sparkman 3718: 3714: 3707: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3690: 3689: 3682: 3681:Herman Welker 3676: 3673: 3669: 3666: 3665: 3658: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3627:John Brademas 3624: 3620: 3619:Lloyd Bentsen 3616: 3608: 3607: 3600: 3594: 3590: 3583: 3579: 3578: 3570: 3564: 3560: 3559:John V. Evans 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3531: 3525: 3521: 3514: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3453: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3423: 3422: 3417: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3369: 3365: 3362: 3358: 3354: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3340: 3336: 3334: 3330: 3327: 3323: 3320: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3278: 3267: 3260: 3259: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3239:9780316565134 3235: 3231: 3226: 3214: 3209: 3198: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3179: 3178:Church, Frank 3173: 3161: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3126: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3105:"Dave Bieter" 3101: 3097: 3093: 3088: 3087: 3082: 3074: 3070: 3063: 3060: 3055: 3051: 3044: 3042: 3038: 3033: 3029: 3023: 3020: 3015: 3011: 3004: 3001: 2996: 2992: 2985: 2982: 2977: 2973: 2967: 2964: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2946: 2941: 2937: 2931: 2928: 2923: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2891: 2888: 2883: 2879: 2873: 2870: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2843: 2842: 2837: 2830: 2827: 2823:. p. 27. 2822: 2818: 2811: 2808: 2803: 2799: 2792: 2789: 2784: 2780: 2779: 2774: 2768: 2765: 2760: 2754: 2751: 2740:on 2020-10-18 2739: 2735: 2729: 2726: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2706: 2703: 2698: 2694: 2688: 2685: 2680: 2676: 2670: 2667: 2662: 2658: 2652: 2649: 2637: 2633: 2627: 2625: 2621: 2609: 2605: 2598: 2595: 2582: 2578: 2572: 2569: 2557: 2553: 2546: 2543: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2516: 2514: 2512: 2508: 2503: 2502: 2497: 2490: 2487: 2474: 2470: 2469: 2464: 2458: 2455: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2431: 2428: 2423: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2406: 2403: 2398: 2397: 2392: 2385: 2382: 2378: 2371: 2369:0-521-86133-0 2365: 2361: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2342: 2339: 2336:, p. 92. 2335: 2330: 2327: 2311: 2305: 2302: 2289: 2283: 2280: 2277:, p. 93. 2276: 2271: 2268: 2264: 2259: 2256: 2244: 2243: 2238: 2231: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2216: 2212: 2207: 2204: 2200: 2195: 2192: 2188: 2183: 2180: 2176: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2163: 2158: 2156:0-394-52836-0 2152: 2148: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2136:maiden speech 2133: 2132:Robert A Caro 2129: 2125: 2119: 2116: 2112: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2090: 2088: 2084: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2066: 2054: 2049: 2041: 2038: 2026:. US Congress 2025: 2019: 2016: 2003: 1999: 1992: 1989: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1962: 1959: 1948: 1947:Spokesman.com 1944: 1938: 1935: 1927:September 28, 1922: 1918: 1912: 1909: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1890: 1887: 1883:. p. 57. 1882: 1878: 1871: 1868: 1865:, p. 24. 1864: 1863:Sterrett 1976 1859: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1829: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1806:Prentice 2013 1802: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1782: 1769: 1766:Geni (2019). 1762: 1759: 1755: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1740: 1737:, p. 5B. 1736: 1735:Campbell 1983 1731: 1729: 1725: 1719: 1714: 1704: 1702: 1698: 1691: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1667: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1655: 1649: 1644: 1640: 1635: 1633: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1574: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1545: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1521: 1520: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1505: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1409: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1376: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1351: 1350:Herman Welker 1348: 1346: 1343: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1272: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1259:Ronald Reagan 1256: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1198:Edmund Muskie 1193: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1163: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1143: 1135: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1113: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1058: 1054: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 983: 979: 975: 970: 967: 963: 959: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 931: 929: 922: 920: 916: 912: 906: 904: 900: 895: 892: 888: 884: 878: 874: 870: 862: 860: 858: 854: 853:Richard Nixon 850: 846: 842: 837: 835: 831: 830:Allan Shepard 828: 824: 820: 816: 808: 806: 804: 799: 797: 793: 792:William Borah 789: 785: 782: 778: 770: 768: 766: 762: 757: 755: 751: 748: 744: 738: 736: 732: 731:Ricks College 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 706: 699:1956 election 698: 693: 691: 689: 684: 682: 677: 673: 669: 668:Massachusetts 665: 661: 657: 653: 647: 618: 617:for the state 615: 614:federal judge 611: 607: 603: 602:Bethine Clark 598: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 567: 565: 563: 560: 556: 552: 548: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 510: 508: 507:Church Report 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 480: 479:William Borah 475: 468: 463: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 432:opponents in 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 402: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 363: 361: 360:Herman Welker 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 324: 322: 318: 314: 310: 301: 293: 290: 289: 288: 285: 284: 282: 278: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 252: 249: 245: 242:United States 241: 237: 232: 225: 222: 221: 219: 215: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 191: 188:2, including 187: 183: 167: 166:Bethine Clark 162: 158: 155: 152: 148: 144: 136:April 7, 1984 135: 131: 127: 123:July 25, 1924 111: 107: 102: 98: 95: 92: 86: 83: 82:Herman Welker 80: 74: 68: 63: 60: 55: 51: 47: 43: 38: 31: 19: 5168:Ritchie Boys 5037: 5017: 4997:VP nominee: 4996: 4991:Peter Camejo 4988: 4968:VP nominee: 4967: 4959: 4939:VP nominee: 4938: 4930: 4910:VP nominee: 4909: 4901: 4883:Jarvis Tyner 4881:VP nominee: 4880: 4872: 4851: 4830: 4763: 4754:VP nominee: 4753: 4738: 4665:Milton Shapp 4610:Frank Church 4609: 4581: 4572:VP nominee: 4571: 4559:Jimmy Carter 4556: 4515:1980 → 4507:← 1972 4379: 4050: 3841: 3836:Russell Long 3816: 3815: 3798: 3791: 3781: 3776: 3756: 3728: 3695: 3686: 3662: 3656: 3639:John Melcher 3613: 3610:1972 3604: 3574: 3524:U.S. Senator 3522:nominee for 3518: 3476:Find a Grave 3472:Frank Church 3419: 3388: 3374: 3373:Hall, Bill. 3367: 3352: 3345: 3338: 3332: 3325: 3318: 3285: 3281: 3269:. Retrieved 3257: 3229: 3219:November 17, 3217:. Retrieved 3202:November 17, 3200:. Retrieved 3177: 3164:. Retrieved 3153:. p. 1. 3146: 3133: 3117:. Retrieved 3113:the original 3109:Boise Weekly 3108: 3095: 3083:Bibliography 3073:The Guardian 3072: 3062: 3053: 3031: 3022: 3013: 3003: 2994: 2984: 2975: 2966: 2957: 2948: 2939: 2930: 2921: 2912: 2903: 2899: 2890: 2882:Deseret News 2881: 2872: 2863: 2854: 2846:the original 2839: 2829: 2820: 2810: 2801: 2791: 2783:the original 2776: 2767: 2753: 2742:. Retrieved 2738:the original 2728: 2720:the original 2715: 2705: 2696: 2687: 2678: 2669: 2661:Deseret News 2660: 2651: 2640:. Retrieved 2638:. 2013-09-26 2636:the Guardian 2635: 2613:21 September 2611:. Retrieved 2607: 2597: 2587:21 September 2585:. Retrieved 2580: 2571: 2561:21 September 2559:. Retrieved 2555: 2545: 2533:. Retrieved 2501:The Guardian 2499: 2489: 2477:. 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