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205:. Then, following brief stints as a reporter and editor with other newspapers in Virginia and West Virginia, he sailed to London in 1904. There he obtained jobs with news outlets before moving to Paris, where he continued his career in journalism and where by 1909 he was described by some citizens in the French capital as "A 'Back-to-Nature' Tramp". Finally, after years of working for an array of newspapers, Burlingham in 1912 turned away from traditional print media and decided to study cinematography, to use the motion-picture camera to record his travels and to share his experiences with audiences in a far more visual, dynamic way.
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the war's effects. After the United States entered the war in April 1917, Burlingham returned to New York City by July 1918 with his personal film library of over 30,000 feet of master negatives from his
European travels. In Manhattan he resumed his work as a producer of "educational" films, and he also registered there in September for American military service. The war in Europe ended just two months later, so the 41-year-old Burlingham was never inducted to serve.
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266:, the British and Colonial Company between the latter half of 1913 and August 1914 distributed to English cinemas 21 much shorter travelogues shot by him. Most of those short subjects, which averaged only about seven minutes in running time, consisted of tourist-style depictions of the countryside and resorts in southern France, Switzerland, and in the lake district of northern Italy.
1030:"United States Passport Applications", certificate no 9000-9249 for LĂ©ontine R. Burlingham, submitted to American Consulate in Lausanne, Switzerland, February 5, 1918. U.S. Department of States, National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Washington, D.C.; digital image of original application, archives of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
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At the time
British and Colonial hired him, Burlingham already had experience as a mountaineer. He had traveled to the Alps and was familiar with members of the French and Swiss mountain-climbing communities, which included his future wife LĂ©ontine, whom he met in Paris and married in London in 1912.
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to continue the production of his films. The widening armed conflict, however, continued to restrict and disrupt
European travel outside the neutral territory of Switzerland, so he launched return-expeditions to the Matterhorn, Mont Blanc, the Jungfrau, and to other Alpine locations far removed from
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During his years living and traveling in Europe, Burlingham met many fellow Alpine climbers and hiking enthusiasts, including "a wealthy French widow", Madame LĂ©ontine
Richard of Paris, whom he married in London in 1912. When Burlingham died in New York City in June 1924 at "his home" at 13 Vandam
840:
The average length of
Burlingham's known films in this period is 438 running feet. Films in the silent era were projected at a "standard" speed of 16 frames per second, much slower than the 24 frames in the sound era. Silent film reels of 1000 feet had an average running time slightly less than 15
459:. Recognized as "the first documentary filming of an ascent of an Alpine peak", its original negative reel was lost in a shipwreck in the Atlantic. Examples of Burlington's work in still photography survive as well as illustrations in period trade journals, papers, and books. His noted 1914 volume
438:
Unfortunately, Burlingham's footage of his 1913 ascents of the
Matterhorn and Mont Blanc were lost early on in his employment with British and Colonial. In October that year a fire at the company's Endell Street processing plant in London destroyed the original negatives before any copies of those
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Born in
Baltimore, Maryland in 1877, Frederick was the second of four children of William and Lillian (née Brooks) Burlingham. The federal census of 1880 documents that the Burlinghams were still living that year in Baltimore, where Frederick's father worked as a mechanic or, as identified in that
883:"New York, New York City Municipal Deaths, 1795-1949"; "Ohio Deaths and Burials, 1854-1997", including records of George A. Wiltsee, "Undertaker and Embalmer, No. 24 W. Ninth St.", Cincinnati, Ohio; archives, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah.
397:, where his younger brother Prentice lived and is the city identified by Frederick on his passport applications as his "permanent residence" in the United States. Burlingham's gravesite is adjacent to those of his parents and siblings in Cincinnati's Spring Grove Cemetery.
1177:"United States Passport Applications, 1795-1925", Frederick Harrison Burlingham, May 5, 1915, certificate 549, United States Embassy, London, England, U.K.; NARA, Washington, D.C.; digital image of application, archives of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
1067:"United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", digital image of original United States document with handwritten entries by Frederick H. Burlingham, September 8, 1918, New York, N.Y.; archives of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
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While some sources cite June 8, 1924 as the date of
Burlingham's death, the official death records of New York City and the records of the Cincinnati "undertaker" who administered the burial of his body in Ohio document Monday, June 9, 1924 as his death
393:, he and LĂ©ontine were still married, although newspapers reported she was in Geneva, Switzerland. The cause of Frederick's death was attributed to a heart attack linked to complications from a severe kidney infection. His body was transferred to
915:"Tenth Census of the United States: 1880", Baltimore City, Maryland, June 9, 1880. Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C.; online digital image of original enumeration page, FamilySearch, archives, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
420:
We're going to miss Fred
Burlingham...One of the unusual figures of the business. With his long beard and soft manner. Who loved to go to out of the way places for shots. Burlingham was formerly a newspaper man. At one time he worked for
374:. Burlingham during the last three years of his life continued to produce and release more travelogues from his large film collection, presented lectures about his expeditions, worked on a book about Borneo, and wrote articles for
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Images of LĂ©ontine
Burlingham's original passport applications and their amendments survive from the period and document that she accompanied Frederick on his 1919-1920 journey to Southeast Asia for the purposes of "taking motion
429:. That is he once did—until Bennett noticed that Burlingham was going about Paris wearing sandals. That was too much for the aristocratic Bennett. He fired Burlingham on the spot. Because "Burly" wouldn't buy regulation shoes.
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Burlingham left Paris near the end of 1912 and returned to London, where he was soon hired by the British and Colonial Kinematograph Company. In 1913 the company assigned him to travel to Switzerland to film ski-jumping,
319:. He also traveled to new destinations to shoot footage for fresh releases. From late 1919 through 1920, he ventured to Southeast Asia to explore and film the landscapes and native peoples of that region, including the
274:. In addition to being a basic guide on mountaineering, the book also features a chapter that introduces readers to the "galaxy" of women climbers in the sport and to their accomplishments in that period.
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By the late 1890s, Burlingham began to focus on a career in journalism, which afforded him opportunities to write and, more importantly, to travel. He relocated to New York City, where he worked for the
818:, report that he was a native of Virginia; however, federal census records and all of his passport-application documents (1909-1921) confirm that Baltimore, Maryland was his place of birth.
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in 1920, and his excursions to various sites in the United States and Canada in the early 1920s. He was also an accomplished still photographer and book author, publishing in 1914
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On his September 8, 1918 United States military registration submitted in New York City, Burlingham identifies his workplace's location in Manhattan as 172 West 72nd Street.
230:. Equipped with a bulky hand-cranked movie camera, a half-plate still camera, and a set of tripods, he also recorded his trek at higher elevations through deep snow at the
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indicates that Burlingham originally departed for Europe in 1904, announcing in its July 20, 1918 issue that he "has returned to America after fourteen years' absence".
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148:. His most notable works are his films depicting Alpine landscapes and his mountain-climbing expeditions in Europe between 1913 and 1918, his explorations of
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record, a "Pump maker". Frederick's first jobs were as a grocery boy and a bookkeeper, and his musical talent as a pianist earned him a scholarship to
443:. An undocumented source also contends that another one of his films is held in the "Norwegian Archives", but online searches of the holdings of the
213:
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and broader searches through the European Union's "Film Gateway" reveal none of Burlingham's films. A nearly complete copy of his 1913 release
250:. There he filmed on December 21, 1913, a deep descent into the volcano's interior. Burlingham and his three Italian assistants were nearly
977:: Mr. F. H. Burlingham, the American With a Partiality for Sandals and For Knapsacks, Tells a Humorous Story of His Adventures in Paris",
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films were printed. Nearly all of Burlingham's other travelogues are believed to be lost. Two of his films, however, are preserved in the
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fumes as they used ropes to lower themselves down over 1200 feet "to the bottom of the cone". In addition to releasing Burlingham's films
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358:. Before and after his trip to Borneo, he also filmed excursions to various locales in the United States and Canada, to sites such as
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Historical Newspapers (Ann Arbor, Michigan), subscription access through the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Library.
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After World War I and until his death, Burlingham continued to re-edit and release in the United States his past films like
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also shared an anecdote about how his relaxed, unconventional personality once cost him a newspaper job in Paris in 1912:
899:
Turvey, Gerry (2007). "Frederick Burlingham: Exploration, Mountaineering and The Origins Of Swiss Documentary Cinema",
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on June 15, 1924, issued a distinctly personal tribute regarding the loss of their 47-year-old colleague "Burly". The
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156:, which is illustrated with his photographs. Burlingham initially produced films while working in London for the
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160:, but he later developed his films independently and released them under contract with licensed distributors.
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327:. Burlingham was back in the United States by 1921. Later that year he began releasing bi-monthly through
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246:. He continued from those sites to southern Italy, capturing additional scenic footage as he traveled to
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video-streaming service. This film, the only known print copy, was found in 1953 in a cabinet in
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culture of Borneo and areas in that island's interior "never explored before" or documented by
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Corrected title of 1921 Burlingham release presented in New York theater in October 1922.
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Burlingham's death was widely announced in leading American film-industry publications.
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404:"Burly" in his favorite attire, including sandals, a walking stick, and backpack, 1915
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1228:(San Bruno, California), originally posted September 16, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
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He shared memories of some of his climbs in a volume he published in London in 1914,
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1118:(New York, N.Y.), August 27, 1921, p. 1018. Internet Archive. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
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1000:(New York, N.Y.), January 24, 1914, p. 8. Internet Archive. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
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British Film Catalogue: Two Volume Set - The Fiction Film/The Non-Fiction Film
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335:"Burlingham Adventures" produced from his most recent travels, beginning with
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136:(January 18, 1877 – June 9, 1924) was an American journalist, explorer,
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Burlingham's wife LĂ©ontine and their guide during ascent of Mont Blanc, 1913
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903:, volume 27, issue 2, 2007 (published online June 6, 2007), pp. 167-191.
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1164:"Frederick Burlingham: Well-Known Journalist and Explorer Dies at 47",
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1245:, October 21, 1922, p. 2044. Internet Archive. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
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minutes, so a 438-foot film would run just shy of seven minutes. See
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1086:, August 27, 1921, p. 1091. Internet Archive. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
1135:, April 30, 1921, p. 957. Internet Archive. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
964:, July 20, 1918, p. 438. Internet Archive. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
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is preserved in Switzerland and is available for viewing on the
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1193:(New York, N.Y.), June 15, 1924, p. 4. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
1096:"Frederick Burlingham Is Now Exploring the Wilds of Borneo"
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by Bruce F. Kawin (New York: Macmillan, 1987), pp. 46-47.
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Some sources, including Burlingham's 1924 obituaries in
1046:, pp. 52, 92. Internet Archive. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
303:
Film frame of Burlingham with natives of Borneo, 1920
108:
Explorer, journalist, cinematographer, film producer
945:, San Francisco, California. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
499:"Burlingham Adventures" distributed by Truart, 1921
226:, sleighing, and other Alpine winter sports around
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286:entering its second year, Burlingham relocated to
1102:, May 22, 1921, p. 1048. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
901:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television
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581:La Suisse Inconnue: La Vallée de Loetschenthal
755:From Montreux to Rochers De Naye via Territet
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475:The "American camera explorer" featured in
278:Switzerland and return to the United States
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731:Alpine Adventures; A Jaunt on the Jungfrau
158:British and Colonial Kinematograph Company
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935:"Taking Pictures in Extraordinary Places"
380:and other science and film publications.
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673:A Funicular Ride to Murottas and Muraigl
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295:Expedition to Borneo and final years
1384:Mountaineering in the United States
1359:American documentary film producers
958:"Noted Explorer Here with Pictures"
725:Descent into the Crater of Vesuvius
317:Descent into the Crater of Vesuvius
264:Descent into the Crater of Vesuvius
1335:, available for viewing on YouTube
1144:"Frederick Burlingham", obituary,
705:(1914), documenting the Prince of
667:Through Switzerland in Ten Minutes
127:LĂ©ontine Claudine Richard (m.1912)
25:
1222:"Ascent of the Matterhorn (1913)"
1152:, June 12, 1924, p. 15. ProQuest.
1044:. London: T. Werner Laurie, [1914
1018:, June 13, 1914, p. 16. ProQuest.
575:Arctic Exploration in Switzerland
1258:Gifford, Denis (April 1, 2016).
505:Up and Down the Swanee [
463:features 63 of his photographs.
547:Monkey Land Up the Barito River
434:Surviving films and photographs
331:installments of a series of 26
27:American explorer and filmmaker
995:"Down Into Crater of Vesuvius"
441:British National Film Archives
1:
767:The Grand St. Bernard Hospice
719:A Trip Round Sunny Marseilles
685:The Bernina Railway in Winter
134:Frederick Harrison Burlingham
61:Frederick Harrison Burlingham
1331:The Ascent of the Matterhorn
1080:"Travel Pictures for Truart"
973:"The Man Who Was Accused By
749:The Ascent of the Matterhorn
309:The Ascent of the Matterhorn
260:The Ascent of the Matterhorn
234:, as well as ascents of the
761:Winter Sports at St. Moritz
140:, and producer of numerous
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1239:"In the Buffalo Exchanges"
1168:, June 11, 1924. ProQuest.
981:, November 7, 1909, p. 3.
773:Europe's Winter Playground
661:Scenes on Lake Como, Italy
631:Bath, A Famous British Spa
611:French Prisoners in Leysin
517:The Lure of the South Seas
341:The Lure of the South Seas
1354:American cinematographers
1349:Journalists from Maryland
1274:– via Google Books.
1209:. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
1056:How to Become an Alpinist
1042:How To Become An Alpinist
1014:"Services For Explorer",
737:Winter Sports at Suvretta
461:How to Become an Alpinist
272:How to Become An Alpinist
164:Early life and journalism
154:How to Become an Alpinist
41:
1329:Rediscovered footage of
743:A Trip to the Gornergrat
637:The Ascent of Mont Blanc
449:Ascent of the Matterhorn
445:Norwegian Film Institute
366:that runs from southern
1112:"Burlingham Adventures"
1039:Burlingham, Frederick,
1016:The Cincinnati Enquirer
939:Motion Picture Magazine
827:The cited news item in
815:The Cincinnati Enquirer
691:Ostrich Farming at Nice
529:Jungle Belles of Borneo
384:Personal life and death
377:The National Geographic
329:Truart Film Corporation
1286:"Frederick Burlingham"
1187:"Rewards / Burlingham"
1127:Tidden, Fritz (1921).
553:The Wild Men of Borneo
523:The Island of Surprise
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345:The Island of Surprise
337:The Wild Men of Borneo
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1203:European Film Gateway
941:, March 1915, p. 89.
643:Climbing the Jungfrau
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477:Picture-Play Magazine
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288:Montreux, Switzerland
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190:Commercial Advertiser
1320:Frederick Burlingham
1311:Frederick Burlingham
1133:Moving Picture World
1100:Moving Picture World
713:In the Land of Roses
587:The Jungfrau Railway
489:Moving Picture World
467:Selected filmography
457:Zermatt, Switzerland
423:James Gordon Bennett
36:Frederick Burlingham
1243:Motion Picture News
1116:Motion Picture News
1084:Motion Picture News
962:Motion Picture News
829:Motion Picture News
605:Swiss Army Sketches
599:A Famous Swiss Pass
559:An Italian Paradise
353:Monkey Land Up the
94:Manhattan, New York
75:Baltimore, Maryland
49:Motion Picture News
1364:British filmmakers
1296:on April 12, 2019.
1166:The New York Times
1129:"Keeping In Touch"
979:The New York Times
809:The New York Times
697:Springtime in Nice
569:Chamonix in Summer
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933:Dench, Ernest A.
679:Picturesque Berne
649:London in Wartime
202:The Evening World
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88:(1924-06-09)
86:June 9, 1924
48:
29:
1374:1924 deaths
1369:1877 births
561:, visit to
511:] River
414:trade paper
284:World War I
252:asphyxiated
209:Film career
142:travelogues
119:c.1898-1924
1343:Categories
864:pictures".
780:References
389:Street in
325:Westerners
313:Mont Blanc
242:, and the
240:Mont Blanc
236:Matterhorn
228:St. Moritz
146:silent era
102:Occupation
67:1877-01-18
998:Reel Life
709:'s Museum
563:Lake Como
391:Manhattan
256:sulphuric
983:ProQuest
362:and the
333:one-reel
244:Jungfrau
196:American
1226:YouTube
871:Sources
453:YouTube
425:of the
372:Florida
368:Georgia
224:curling
144:in the
124:Spouses
1333:(1913)
1268:
775:(1913)
769:(1913)
763:(1913)
757:(1913)
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491:, 1919
479:, 1918
351:, and
315:, and
199:, and
193:, the
150:Borneo
51:, 1921
797:date.
785:Notes
370:into
321:Dayak
1324:IMDb
1266:ISBN
812:and
262:and
83:Died
57:Born
1322:at
1313:at
1131:,
508:sic
254:by
1345::
1288:.
1250:^
1241:,
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347:,
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1148:/
69:)
65:(
20:)
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