55:
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82:, leather or even wood, the result being an unbreakable photograph. Variations on the pannotype appear independently as a less fragile backing material was sought, and each practitioner used their own collodion recipe with good adhesion to its unusual substrate being the aim, so whether Fenton and Coldrey's application to leather was sufficiently unique to justify a patent is not recorded beyond their applying for one, and only days after
161:
102:
in
Melbourne (1861), G. M. Challinor in Hobart (1861), and Thomas Ham, Brisbane (1862). Few pannotypes remain, which historians Davies and Stanbury surmise is due to their having been posted overseas, surviving examples being of a quarter-plate size. The carte-de-visite replaced the pannotype within
192:
that was then cut. Special albums for the miniature portraits were also being marketed. It had become the most prolific form of photograph in 1860s
America. Their local manifestation presented competition for Coldrey and he raised futile objection at a borough council meeting, but capitulated and
110:
After the death in March 1859 of his sons 6 year-old
Frederick Henry William and 5 year-old Henry Thomas, compounding misfortunes, including defaulting clients, a robbery, floods, and the departure of Fenton from the partnership, meant Coldrey, unable to pay rent, was declared insolvent in August
205:
The family lived in rented accommodation in Bull and then Bowden streets
Castlemaine where in 1869 the second last of their six living children, Albert George was born. Coldrey Street, on the corner of which the family lived, is a short lane that runs between the northern stretches of Bowden and
216:
Coldrey died at
Castlemaine Hospital on Sunday 19 May 1889, after taking ill on the Friday. Following his death, his wife Eleanor lived at 51 Farnsworth St Castlemaine with their only daughter, who was unmarried (also named Eleanor). The three are buried in lot 120 EE in Castlemaine Cemetery,
168:
In 1882 Coldrey was awarded a prize for a case photograph at the town's agricultural show and in 1881 had produced a framed composite of eighty-one portrait cameos of members of the
Castlemaine Pioneers and Old Residents Association, which is archived in its offices in the heritage
152:
To his studio business he added an employment agency and secured a wine licence. He enjoyed minor celebrity for his ‘glee’ singing around town. He acted as auditor for Mount
Alexandershire Co., Boatswain's Gully mine, and he took interest in municipal affairs and the
66:
with Alfred R. Fenton on the Main Road "adjoining the
Bailarat Horse Bazaar." In 1857 he and Fenton (an enthusiastic amateur chemist who was likely the actual inventor) applied for a patent, effective 2 November, for a "new improvement in photography," a
106:
In
Ballarat Coldrey was active in petitioning, with others, in support of nominations for the Municipal Council, and in calling for removal of some serving councillors, sporadic involvement in politics at a local level that he was to continue.
111:
1860. An £11 8s debt remained after the auction of his equipment and possessions. He remained in
Ballarat until c.1862, then worked with Bendigo-based John W. Burrows as an itinerant photographer across the state from
78:
The procedure involved making an underexposed collodion negative, giving the added advantage for portraiture of a shorter exposure time, then transferring it from the original glass support to black
141:
portraits, which he sold at 7s 6d per dozen copies, "ivory" type copies being 10 shillings per dozen, and portraits on glass from one shilling each. He offered life size enlargements of
213:, and when in 1886 son Henry was admitted to Castlemaine Hospital with typhoid fever, Coldrey tended to him there despite his own injury from an earlier fall at the railway station.
75:, which was promoted as convenient for posting; "Likenesses can be taken by this newly invented process on leather, and being once varnished, they become insensible to touch."
748:
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284:
154:
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184:. At Castlemaine Market an itinerant franchisee of the American Gem company offered their tiny prints on metal. At 20mm to 25mm wide and 30mm high, like the
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135:
in 1871, before taking up management of Kerr's Portrait Rooms a few doors away in Barker St. which he rented from H. Winks. There he made a living from
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359:
324:
397:
210:
193:
advertised in Melbourne for one of the Gem cameras for his own studio. A successor to Coldrey as photographer in Castlemaine was
127:
Coldrey joined Charles Wherrett and his assistant W. G. Cearns in Castlemaine as an ‘operator’ at a studio known for its ‘
749:"[Spirit Photography] Six studio portraits of actors in costume. Castlemaine, Victorian goldfields, 1869-71"
659:"In the Insolvent Estate of Frederick Henry. Coldrey, of Ballaarat, in the Colony of Victoria, Photographic Artist"
218:
892:
Sec 3 lot 12 in Rate records, Mount Alexander Shire, Castlemaine Historical Society, accessed 27 October 2021
589:"Municipality of Ballarat East : To Messrs Clendinnin, Daniel Sweeney, R. Belford, and W. B. Robinson".
54:
170:
43:
27:
38:
Born in the United Kingdom Frederick Coldrey probably had married Eleanor Louisa Lloyd (1828–1901) of
1556:
1551:
713:"Advertising : Likenesses ! Likenesses ! ! : Messrs. Coldrey & Burrows"
42:, by the time of the first record of him in Australia which was in Melbourne. There they lived in
1467:
Cemetery records, Mount Alexander Shire, Castlemaine Historical Society, accessed 27 October 2021
189:
128:
58:
Frederick H. Coldrey (1880s) untitled carte-de-visite, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne
1498:
403:
393:
365:
355:
351:
The dictionary of Australian artists: painters, sketchers, photographers and engravers to 1870
330:
320:
72:
68:
1477:
180:
In the last decade of his career, portraiture was being offered more cheaply in the form of
174:
842:
316:
Australians behind the camera: a directory of early Australian photographers, 1841 to 1945
137:
112:
99:
194:
131:’, until 1874 and likely departing on the death of Cearns and Wherrett's relocation to
90:
reported on an announcement of photographs on leather being invented by a Mr Smith in
1540:
95:
160:
209:
Coldrey's sons played cricket for Castlemaine and at least one was a member of the
164:
Frederick Coldrey (1881) Castlemaine Pioneers and Old Residents Association members
146:
843:"Charles Wherrett :: biography at :: at Design and Art Australia Online"
458:"Alfred R. Fenton :: biography at :: at Design and Art Australia Online"
1224:
1287:"The discovery of the Verey collection :: Historic Castlemaine photographs"
290:
Frederick H. Coldrey (c. early 1870s) Carte de Visite portrait of a man (verso).
254:
Frederick H. Coldrey (c. early 1870s) Carte de Visite portrait of a young woman.
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94:, Scotland. Other photographers took up its use, several in Sydney including
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Frederick H. Coldrey (c. early 1870s) Carte de Visite portrait of a woman.
79:
63:
559:"Municipality of Ballarat East : To William Bickham Rodier, Esq.".
278:
Frederick H. Coldrey (c. early 1870s) Carte de Visite portrait of a man.
188:
they were exposed in a multi-lens camera but directly on a single metal
181:
30:) was an early Australian portrait photographer active c.1855 to 1889.
774:"Western photographers in Hong Kong, 1861-1879 | Gwulo: Old Hong Kong"
1494:
Portrait photographs by F.H. Coldrey, Barker Street, Castlemaine, Vic
132:
677:"This Date : Gibbs v. Coldrey : Under Distress for Rent"
159:
53:
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benevolent society, to which he was appointed guardian in 1887.
91:
773:
16:
Early Australian portrait photographer active c.1855 to 1889
574:"Municipality of Ballarat East : To E. Scrase, Esq.".
389:
The Mechanical eye in Australia: photography 1841-1900
98:(1858), Alfred Winter (1859), and Henry Jones (1860);
62:In about 1856 Coldrey opened a collodion studio in
46:where a son Henry Thomas Coldrey was born in 1854.
731:"General Post Office, Sydney, 15th November, 1867"
520:Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser
737:. No. 22. 2 December 1867. p. 3201.
8:
392:. Melbourne, Vic.: Oxford University Press.
354:. Melbourne [etc.: Oxford University Press.
1013:. Castlemaine. 1 September 1871. p. 2.
197:, who took over Wherrett's studio in 1883.
1249:. Castlemaine. 21 October 1881. p. 2.
1031:. Castlemaine. 8 November 1871. p. 2.
206:Farnsworth streets, and is named for him.
665:. Melbourne. 3 September 1860. p. 2.
593:. Ballarat. 22 September 1857. p. 2.
489:. Ballarat. 15 November 1856. p. 2.
319:. Australia: publisher not identified.
300:
244:
683:. Ballarat. 30 August 1860. p. 3.
578:. Ballarat. 2 October 1857. p. 2.
1567:19th-century Australian photographers
1095:"Loyal Prince Of Wales' Lodge Social"
629:. Ballarat. 19 April 1859. p. 2.
611:. Ballarat. 25 March 1859. p. 2.
7:
381:
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308:
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563:. Ballarat. 29 May 1857. p. 2.
71:print on black leather, known as a
1365:"Amalgamated Society of Engineers"
735:New South Wales Government Gazette
14:
1547:Australian portrait photographers
1517:"State Library Victoria - Viewer"
1491:Coldrey, Frederick Henry (1888).
86:announcement of their invention,
283:
271:
259:
247:
211:Amalgamated Society of Engineers
701:. 29 September 1862. p. 3.
155:Independent Order of Oddfellows
1562:British emigrants to Australia
522:. 11 November 1857. p. 2.
1:
1243:"Castlemaine Borough Council"
1231:. 24 October 1881. p. 3.
1043:"Castlemaine Borough Council"
719:. 7 December 1867. p. 3.
540:. 27 November 1857. p. 6
504:. 6 November 1857. p. 6.
145:then being achieved with the
1371:. 29 January 1889. p. 2
831:. 28 August 1871. p. 3.
230:National Gallery of Victoria
173:. He also made one for the
1583:
753:Douglas Stewart Fine Books
236:State Library of Victoria
88:The Mount Alexander Mail
446:. Melbourne. p. 6.
233:John Jenkins Collection
20:Frederick Henry Coldrey
1521:State Library Victoria
623:"Eastern Police Court"
500:"Miscellaneous News".
313:Barrie, Sandy (2002).
165:
59:
440:"General Post Office"
422:"General Post Office"
386:Davies, Alan (1985).
163:
57:
1478:"Artists | NGV"
1447:Mount Alexander Mail
1421:Mount Alexander Mail
1395:Mount Alexander Mail
1247:Mount Alexander Mail
1229:Mount Alexander Mail
1203:Mount Alexander Mail
1177:Mount Alexander Mail
1151:Mount Alexander Mail
1125:Mount Alexander Mail
1099:Mount Alexander Mail
1073:Mount Alexander Mail
1047:Mount Alexander Mail
1029:Mount Alexander Mail
1011:Mount Alexander Mail
985:Mount Alexander Mail
959:Mount Alexander Mail
933:Mount Alexander Mail
907:Mount Alexander Mail
872:Mount Alexander Mail
829:Mount Alexander Mail
803:Mount Alexander Mail
538:Mount Alexander Mail
534:"Romance Of The Sea"
1205:. 20 September 1883
805:. 15 September 1869
348:Kerr, Joan (1993).
225:Work in collections
1397:. 28 December 1885
1369:Bendigo Advertiser
1319:. 29 November 1869
987:. 1 September 1871
935:. 21 December 1872
909:. 26 November 1877
190:photographic plate
166:
129:spirit photographs
60:
1345:. 4 December 1869
1267:. 29 October 1881
929:"Licensing Bench"
428:. 3 January 1855.
361:978-0-19-553290-6
326:978-0-9587883-8-0
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1173:"Items Of News"
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26:– 19 May 1889,
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1293:. 30 July 2014
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