899:
163:
942:. Osborn explained the name change, writing: "The name was changed because it became evident that changes of a eugenic nature would be made for reasons other than eugenics, and that tying a eugenic label on them would more often hinder than help their adoption. Birth control and abortion are turning out to be great eugenic advances of our time. If they had been advanced for eugenic reasons it would have retarded or stopped their acceptance.”
658:
879:
to chair the
Civilian Advisory Committee on Selective Service. Five months later, he took over as Chair of the Army Committee on Welfare and Recreation, responsible for information and education services for military personnel. In September 1941, he was commissioned as Brigadier General and appointed
949:
in which he complained that Hitler had "prostituted eugenics" but that the original goals of raising the average intelligence and character of future generations could be by programs advocating population control directed at convincing women of less intelligence, especially among the poor, to reduce
838:
groups. He suspected that environment played a greater role than genetics in the shaping of human beings, and thought eugenics should take place within groups (well-adapted families should be given the means to have more children) rather than between them (inferior races should be replaced).
867:
Many civil rights leaders alleged that, even after the revelation of genocide in World War II, eugenic influences remained strong in the United States because of Osborn and other leaders of the
Population Council (including John D. Rockefeller, Lewis Strauss, Karl Compton, and
872:). He also encouraged and endorsed programs in Nazi Germany that sterilized Jews, Poles, and others deemed "unsuitable" to breed. Although Hitler's genocidal tactics and acts caused revulsion in the United States, he continued to promote eugenic ideals.
1388:
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854:, Osborn emphasized the eugenic potential of extended state support in childcare, recreation, housing, nursery services, and education as a means of stimulating fertility among desirable populations. He argued that the aim of
698:
348:
1278:
858:
should be to ensure that every child was wanted. Osborn believed that in this system, which he called the "true freedom of parenthood," the parents most capable of rearing children would be likelier to have more.
950:
their births voluntarily in order to "further the social and biological improvement of the population." In summary, he noted: "Eugenic goals are most likely to be attained under a name other than eugenics."
880:
Chief of the Morale Branch of the War
Department (later called the Information and Education Division of Special Services). By the war's end, he had earned promotion to Major General and had been awarded a
1405:, assisted by Osborn, sought to "replace grand assumptions about university education with quantifiable facts and could potentially 'bring into view an entirely new horizon of educational accomplishment.'"
1483:
715:
CBE (March 21, 1889 – January 5, 1981) was an
American philanthropist, military leader, and eugenicist. He was a founder of several organizations and played a central part in reorienting
691:
895:
Osborn served at
Princeton, as a charter trustee from 1943 to 1955, and as a member of several advisory boards, including the Curriculum Committee and Psychology Department Council.
1498:
455:
684:
1478:
1473:
386:
1355:
Saxon, W. "Frederick Osborn, a general, 91, dies; Headed Army
Information Unit and Held U.N. Post--Was Leader in Studies on Population Served on U.N. Commissions."
1503:
255:
1378:
Edmund
Ramsden, "Social Demography and Eugenics in the Interwar United States" Population and Development Review, Vol. 29, No. 4. (Dec., 2003), pp. 547–593.
1488:
1408:
328:
269:
1074:
743:, for a postgraduate year. His family had made their fortune in the railroad business, and he went into the family business up until the outbreak of
885:
667:
637:
1453:
1397:
1149:
835:
755:
as
Commander of the Advance Zone for the last 11 months of the war. In 1928, he retired from industry and became a research associate at the
1468:
1402:
1231:"Eliminating the Inferior: American and Nazi Sterilization Programs: Institute for the Study of Academic Racism - Ferris State University"
723:
considers him to have been "the respectable face of eugenic research in the post-war period." Osborn was the nephew of the paleontologist
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393:
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20:
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1411:, 1941–1963, "correspondence and reports related to Osborn's service at Princeton." (papers not available online)
771:
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308:
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During the postwar years, one of Osborn's lasting influences was shifting the emphasis of
American eugenics to
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805:, Osborn was the first to point out that although African Americans scored lower than whites on the Army
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912:, which seeks to achieve eugenic goals through encouraging the spread of desired traits, as opposed to
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790:, a leading demographic research and training center. Osborn was one of the founding trustees of the
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in 1937, a charitable foundation charged with promoting eugenics. Also in 1937, Osborn praised the
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in 1928, serving as its
Secretary in 1931. Osborn was also instrumental in the founding of the
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916:, which seeks to achieve eugenic goals through discouraging the spread of undesired traits.
888:, and the Selective Service Medal, and he was made Honorary Commander in the Most Excellent
775:
376:
65:
48:
1422:
1308:
1177:
933:
1004:"A Digital Reading of Twentieth-Century Demography | Population Association of America"
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1432:
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989:
847:
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567:
549:
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366:
333:
234:
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1248:
The Continuing Struggle against Genocide: Indigenous Women's Reproductive Rights
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810:
764:
119:
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1052:
1119:
947:
The Future of Human Heredity: An Introduction to Eugenics in Modern Society,
1135:
855:
716:
1060:
1028:
798:
programs as the "most important experiment which has ever been tried."
719:
in away from overt racism in the years leading up to World War II. The
1160:
1250:
by: D. Marie Ralstin-Lewis Published by University of Minnesota Press
926:
In 1954, Osborn played a central role in the founding of the journal
843:
752:
1044:
897:
817:
1029:"Frederick Osborn Demography's Statesman on His Eightieth Spring"
1403:"Study of Education at Princeton and the 1954 Advisee Project"
1193:"Social Demography and Eugenics in the Interwar United States"
782:
in 1931. He played a central role in the 1936 founding of the
1100:
1327:"The Long Road of Eugenics: From Rockefeller to Roe v. Wade"
1120:"The long road of eugenics: from Rockefeller to Roe v. Wade"
16:
American philanthropist, general, and eugenicist (1889–1981)
830:
In the following decades, Osborn remained skeptical of the
1362:"The History of the Journal Social Biology, 1954-1999,"
823:
did, demonstrating the influence of cultural factors on
1484:
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
1348:
Osborn FH. "History of the American Eugenics Society,"
1261:"Frederick H. Osborn Papers, 1941-1963 - Finding Aids"
834:
hypothesis of the variance in IQ scores found between
134:
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110:
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92:
80:
72:
55:
35:
28:
1420:Biannual Journal of the Study of Social Biology,
1302:Biannual Journal of the Study of Social Biology
256:Poe v. Lynchburg Training School & Hospital
842:An admirer of the reforms instituted in 1930s
816:scored slightly higher than whites from eight
770:Osborn was one of the founding members of the
1499:Members of the American Philosophical Society
731:World War I and the founding of organizations
692:
8:
329:Society for Biodemography and Social Biology
1479:United States Army generals of World War II
1474:United States Army personnel of World War I
270:Doe ex. rel. Tarlow v. District of Columbia
699:
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593:
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414:
291:
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175:
143:
25:
1398:Frederick H. Osborn quotes and excerpts
1118:Messall, Rebecca (September 24, 2004).
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638:Sterilization of Native American women
1504:20th-century American philanthropists
1320:
1318:
1316:
7:
1489:Presidents of the Population Council
1366:Fall-Winter 1999, Vol. 46, Num. 3-4.
1352:, vol. 21 no. 2 Summer 1974, 115-126
974:. New York: Oxford University Press.
965:
963:
936:, which changed its name in 1968 to
757:American Museum of Natural History
394:Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924
372:Average Young American Male (1921)
14:
1197:Population and Development Review
1077:The Office of Population Research
970:Merchant, Emily Klancher (2021).
846:through the efforts of economist
780:Population Association of America
1370:"Frederick Henry Osborn Papers,"
1209:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2003.00547.x
875:In 1940, Osborn was selected by
656:
387:Selective Reproduction of Slaves
161:
1325:Messall, Rebecca (2004-09-09).
1101:"Office of Population Research"
19:For the English sportsman, see
1393:American Philosophical Society
1375:(APS), 1983, published online.
1373:American Philosophical Society
921:American Philosophical Society
721:American Philosophical Society
1:
784:Office of Population Research
449:The Passing of the Great Race
304:American Birth Control League
1454:American Red Cross personnel
1027:Notestein, Frank W. (1969).
972:Building the Population Bomb
21:Frederick Osborn (sportsman)
1469:Princeton University alumni
890:Order of the British Empire
886:Distinguished Service Medal
863:World War II and later life
324:Human Betterment Foundation
1520:
1409:Frederick H. Osborn Papers
1389:Frederick H. Osborn Papers
919:Osborn was elected to the
741:Trinity College, Cambridge
606:Social degeneration theory
535:Charles Benedict Davenport
319:Race Betterment Foundation
129:Trinity College, Cambridge
18:
1265:findingaids.princeton.edu
1176:Cite uses generic title (
945:In 1968 Osborn published
772:American Eugenics Society
540:Gertrude Crotty Davenport
309:American Eugenics Society
1464:American segregationists
1191:Ramsden, Edmund (2003).
776:British Eugenics Society
747:, when he served in the
663:United States portal
633:Sterilization of Latinas
456:The Rising Tide of Color
1081:The Princeton Companion
774:in 1926 and joined the
525:Edwin Katzen-Ellenbogen
339:Human Betterment League
1150:"404 - File Not Found"
992:on September 28, 2005.
905:
735:Osborn graduated from
725:Henry Fairfield Osborn
713:Frederick Henry Osborn
611:Social purity movement
573:Wallace H. Kuralt. Sr.
314:Eugenics Record Office
30:Frederick Henry Osborn
1163:on September 9, 2005.
1124:The Human Life Review
1089:on February 22, 2005.
901:
739:in 1910 and attended
249:Madrigal v. Quilligan
93:Years of service
1449:American eugenicists
1359:Jan 7, 1981. p. B12.
1331:Thumanlifereview.com
1283:search.amphilsoc.org
1279:"APS Member History"
1235:www.ferris-pages.org
1008:ekmerchant.github.io
788:Princeton University
737:Princeton University
382:Oneida stirpiculture
125:Princeton University
1138:– via PubMed.
803:J. Phillipe Rushton
759:studying eugenics,
428:The Kallikak Family
344:Heredity Commission
242:Skinner v. Oklahoma
147:Part of a series on
1307:2005-11-17 at the
929:Eugenics Quarterly
906:
903:Eugenics Quarterly
877:Franklin Roosevelt
809:, those from five
807:intelligence tests
749:American Red Cross
621:Racial nationalism
520:David Starr Jordan
476:Annals of Eugenics
435:Eugenics manifesto
87:United States Army
1105:pop.princeton.edu
914:negative eugenics
910:positive eugenics
709:
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646:
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601:Scientific racism
581:
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515:Joseph DeJarnette
510:Harry H. Laughlin
485:
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263:Stump v. Sparkman
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1159:. Archived from
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1085:. Archived from
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1033:Population Index
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988:. Archived from
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61:(1981-01-05)
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986:"APS, 1983"
882:Bronze Star
852:Alva Myrdal
745:World War I
559:Politicians
225:Court cases
153:Eugenics in
1433:Categories
1336:2021-09-23
1288:2023-03-08
1013:2021-06-01
954:References
765:population
494:Proponents
411:Literature
187:California
120:Alma mater
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42:1889-03-21
1217:1728-4457
1053:0032-4701
923:in 1948.
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192:Minnesota
96:1940–1944
1305:Archived
1169:cite web
1136:15856597
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717:eugenics
668:Category
466:Journals
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