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ferociously to hold back the invasion, but suffered a severe setback when, on 8 December the forward fortification Fort
Gyldenløve fell. Encouraged by their very hard-fought success the Swedish army intensified their efforts against the main fort. The Swedish trenches had almost reached the main fortification walls when on the evening of 11 December (Swedish calendar: 30 November) 1718, a bullet struck and killed Charles XII while he inspected the work. The death of the king effectively ended the attack on Fredriksten and the invasion was called off, leading to the conclusion of the war. A memorial is located in the park named in his memory where the Swedish king fell, just in front of the fortress.
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217:. Huitfeldt responded to their demand that they surrender, that the 2,100 man garrison would defend Halden to the last man. After the attempt to storm the fortifications was unsuccessful, the Swedes prepared a regular siege. Under heavy bombardment the inhabitants requested the commandant to surrender, but putting his faith in his garrison, Huitfeldt held out. On 22 February 1660 the Swedes again were forced to retreat to Bohuslän. There they learned that Charles X had died.
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Charles' troops attempted to take
Frederiksten by storm on 4 July. His troops took the town after fierce fighting, but the citizens set fire to their own houses, forcing Charles, unable to take the fortress, to retreat and await the arrival of heavy siege guns. Unfortunately for the invading army the
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raid interdiction of supply chains by the residents of
Bohuslen deprived Charles of supplies, while the fortresses still held by the Norwegians behind his lines threatened his supply chain and his retreat if seriously weakened in combat. Charles took Christiania (now Oslo), but without heavy siege
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After 1905 the fortress lost all military significance, but it still hosted various units. As of today the
Norwegian defence logistics and administrative college is situated by the fortress. The fortress also hosts several museums and art exhibitions. During the summer season outdoor concerts are
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In the Autumn of 1718 Charles once more attacked Norway, intending to first capture Halden to be able to sustain a siege of
Akershus. By first taking the border areas, Charles wished to avoid a repeat of the fiasco he had suffered two years before. The 1,400 strong garrison of Frederiksten fought
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as statholder to Norway to organize the military forces and strengthen the defenses of the kingdom. After a tour of facilities, he recommended further upgrades to both the fortress and the military forces. In the summer of 1675, 1800 men were kept at work on the fortresses at
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Copenhagen in August 1658. Under his orders, in
September the new Swedish governor of Bohuslän invaded Norway with 1,500 men and attempted to invest Halden. The inhabitants put up a vigorous defense and the Swedish forces retreated back to Bohuslän.
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in southeastern Norway with the objective of capturing
Frederiksten. This would remove the threat at his back, and the fortifications could serve as the base for a renewed offensive later that year. Capturing the harbours at the mouth of the
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the
Norwegian forces again repulsed the Swedish forces. Concurrently, Huitfeldt began construction of fortifications. Cretzenstein, later to be renamed Fredriksten, was the citadel of the new fortification system.
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457:. The old fortress flag from 1814, taken by the Swedish troops and not returned to Norway until 1964, is preserved in the present day museum located inside the inner fortress.
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passed it on their advance, leaving a force that tried to force its surrender, but the fortress and its commander kept the ground. It was turned over to Sweden after the
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Five months later in
February 1659 the Swedes again attacked. Since their first attack, the garrison had been strengthened. Under the leadership of
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The discovery of a suitcase of objects during a clearance of a museum store at the fortress led to the rediscovery of the lifestory of
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The existing star shaped fortress complex was upgraded during the period of peace between 1661â1675. In 1673 Denmark dispatched
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In early
January 1660, the Swedish forces attacked Halden for the third time; it was to serve as the base for their advance on
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and burned the bridges behind him. By 12 July 1716 all Swedish troops had been withdrawn from the area around Fredriksten.
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and/or Halden. It was at Basmo where Charles XII struck, crossing the border on 8 March 1716. The Norwegian
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were ordered to the border at Halden and Fredrikstad. The Norwegians expected the Swedes to invade at
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river would also allow him to land the necessary provisions for a successful siege of Akershus.
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Peace negotiations were reopened. Sweden demanded that Norway vacate all land east of the river
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Fredriksten fortress, Halden, Norway - view of the city of Halden from the top of the fortress
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entire Swedish transport fleet was captured or destroyed by the Norwegian naval hero
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The fortress was bombarded but not captured. The advancing Swedish forces of
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The fortress served as a staging area for a mock attack on Sweden during the
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in Bohuslän. Running low on supplies, Charles retreated hastily across the
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Fredriksten was expanded from 1682â1701; 1684-1689 under the leadership of
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Charles X, having negotiated the Treaty of Roskilde in bad faith,
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Fredriksten fortress, Halden, Norway - seen from the city's harbor
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in the 17th century as a replacement for the border fortress at
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Fredriksten fortress, Halden, Norway - detail towards the city
884:"Den fäktande damen: En resväska och en historia om queerhet"
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Charles XII uniform from his last campaign in Norway, now in
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Charles XII memorial in Fredriksten fortress, Halden, Norway
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After a brief occupation, Charles retraced his steps to the
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Pictures from Fredriksten Fortress, Norway; www.remains.se
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in 1675 a large contingent (4000 men) were concentrated at
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The Norwegian defence logistics and administrative college
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17th century-1905 (fort) - today (military installation)
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The Struggle for Supremacy in the Baltic: 1600-1725
474:arranged with both classic and contemporary music.
293:. In July 1677 Gyldenløve captured the fortress at
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173:in 1658. The fortress was named after King
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16:Historic fortress in Halden, Viken, Norway
559:Fredriksten Fortress on Northern Fortress
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532:George Allen & Unwin, Ltd., London
289:. In 1676 Norwegian troops reoccupied
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252:Fredriksten fortress, Halden, Norway
153:This Fortresses was constructed by
927:Buildings and structures in Halden
321:Fortification Upgrades (1679â1700)
244:Fortification Upgrades (1673â1675)
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947:Military installations in Ăstfold
477:The fortress was selected as the
175:Fredrik III of Denmark and Norway
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724:Norwegian Defence Estates Agency
627:National Fortifications Heritage
305:. A Norwegian force also retook
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882:Andersson, Bodil (2022-06-24).
516:History of the Norwegian People
333:Great Northern War (1700â1721)
942:Tourist attractions in Ăstfold
787:Archbishop's Palace, Trondheim
370:artillery, was unable to take
327:Major-General Ernst von Tettau
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525:Funk & Wagnalls, New York
530:East Norway and its Frontier
185:The Northern War (1655â1661)
817:Old Bishop's Palace in Oslo
234:Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)
232:treaty was negotiated, the
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797:Avaldsnes KongsgĂĽrd estate
273:Gyldenløve War (1675â1679)
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528:Noel Stagg, Frank (1956)
258:Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve
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545:â Halden Tourist Service
888:Norsk museumstidsskrift
277:At the outbreak of the
181:between 1665 and 1928.
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240:to Norwegian control.
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822:Oslo KongsgĂĽrd estate
653:Border Fortifications
514:Gjerset, Knut (1915)
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142:Swedish invasion 1814
139:Swedish invasion 1718
136:Swedish invasion 1716
134:Swedish invasion 1660
132:Swedish invasion 1659
130:Swedish invasion 1658
837:Sverresborg (Bergen)
543:Fredriksten Fortress
481:for Ăstfold county.
394:Norwegian fortresses
337:At the close of the
269:, and Fredrikshald.
189:At the close of the
169:by the terms of the
49:Fredriksten festning
40:Fredriksten Fortress
827:Steinvikholm Castle
578: /
411:Battle of Dynekilen
297:and joined General
900:10.18261/mus.8.1.3
802:Bergenhus Fortress
495:Janken Wiel-Hansen
487:Allsang pĂĽ Grensen
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461:The fortress today
455:Convention of Moss
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339:Great Northern War
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171:Treaty of Roskilde
88:Controlled by
932:Castles in Norway
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842:Tønsberg Fortress
782:Akershus Fortress
771:Castles in Norway
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582:59.117°N 11.400°E
521:Lisk, Jill (1967
226:Hannibal Sehested
211:Akershus fortress
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894:(1): 24â41.
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668:Fredriksvern
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283:Fredrikshald
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179:Fredrikshald
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127:Battles/wars
114:17th century
106:Site history
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832:Sverresborg
812:Fredriksten
683:Kongsvinger
663:Fredriksten
658:Fredrikstad
585: /
439:Theater War
365:policy and
355:Kongsvinger
343:Charles XII
287:Russenstein
267:Fredrikstad
215:Christiania
119:In use
20:Fredriksten
921:Categories
698:Oscarsborg
509:References
299:Løvenhjelm
908:2464-2525
862:Also See:
792:Audunborg
703:Trondenes
648:Bergenhus
518:MacMillan
415:Svinesund
367:guerrilla
295:Marstrand
238:Trøndelag
708:Vardøhus
643:AustrĂĽtt
638:Akershus
372:Akershus
347:Ăsterdal
307:Jämtland
291:Bohuslän
263:Akershus
195:invested
163:Bohuslän
24:fortress
573:11°24â˛E
570:59°07â˛N
499:fencing
409:at the
149:History
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713:VĂŚrdal
399:Glomma
387:Sweden
222:Glomma
167:Sweden
100:Norway
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64:Norway
60:Halden
32:Norway
28:Halden
693:Møvik
673:Hegra
359:Basmo
159:Bohus
111:Built
22:is a
904:ISSN
501:and
445:1814
433:1788
349:and
896:doi
213:in
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