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Key (basketball)

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a position outside the RA to draw an offensive foul. If the drive starts inside the Lower Defensive Box (LDB – the area from the bottom tip of the free throw circle to the end line between the two 3‑foot posted-up marks), the secondary defender is allowed to be positioned inside the RA. The restricted area does not apply if the secondary defender jumps in attempting to block the shot, and the offensive player leads with his leg or knee in an unnatural motion or uses his off arm to prevent the defender from blocking his shot. The RA does not extend from below the backboard to the baseline. Therefore, if a player drives the baseline and is not attempting to go directly to the rim, the RA does not apply.
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side with two players, the other with one. Two of his opponents are situated nearest to the basket on both sides, while his two teammates are beside the two opponents closest to the basket, with the other player from the opposing team situated farthest from the basket. In the U.S. NCAA and NAIA, there are as many as six players along the key, with the opposing team allowed to have as many as four players, with the same arrangement as in the NBA and FIBA but with another player facing his teammate farthest to the basket. NFHS rules on this point are identical to NCAA/NAIA rules.
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lower defensive box. The free throw line is 15 feet (4.6 m) from the perpendicular projection of the face of the backboard onto the court; this projection is 4 feet (1.2 m) from the end line for NBA, NCAA/NAIA, and NFHS. The projection of the center of the basket onto the court is a perpendicular distance of 1.575 meters (5.17 ft) from the end line in FIBA tournaments, but 5.25 feet (1.60 m) in NBA and NCAA or NAIA tournaments.
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games for the 2011–2012 season. The panel delayed implementation of the arc until the 2012–2013 season for Divisions II and III to allow those schools more time to plan and place the restricted-area arc in their home arenas. Starting with the 2015–2016 season, the NCAA moved the RA arc out to four feet from the center of the basket; the NAIA followed suit.
1240: 496: 204:, all FIBA-administered tournaments use a rectangular key 4.9 meters (16 ft) wide. From 1956 until 2010, FIBA-sanctioned tournaments used a trapezoidal key. The narrower end was on the free-throw line, where it was 3.6 meters (12 ft), while the wider end, at the end line, measured 6 meters (20 ft). 543:
extending four feet from the basket (NBA, NCAA, NAIA), or 1.25 meters (approximately 4.1 feet) (FIBA). The area behind the arc, or the arc itself, is called the "restricted area" (RA) in the NBA, the "restricted area arc" in the NCAA and NAIA, and the "no-charge semicircles" in FIBA. This arc is not
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competitions, the boundary of the half closer to the basket is traced in a broken line in order to space players properly for jump balls. NBA Rule 1 (g) requires the key to contain two 6-inch (15 cm) long hash marks, 3 feet (0.91 m) from the free throw line; the marks indicate the so-called
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In the 1997-1998 season, NBA added the "no charge zone" or the "restricted area". This is the portion of the key, denoted by an arc in the painted area that is positioned four feet from the basket. The arc is important because a defending player can not force a charging foul within this area. It was
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The restricted area arc rule first appeared at any level of competition in the NBA for the 1997–98 season. It was applied in NCAA men's basketball for the 2010–2011 season. The NCAA approved adding a visible restricted-area arc three feet from the center of the basket in Division I men’s and women’s
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Its purpose is to prevent secondary defenders from taking a position under the basket in an attempt to draw an offensive foul while a player is driving to the basket. If a player on offense drives past his primary defender on the way to the basket and a secondary defender steps in, he must establish
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When a player is shooting free throws, a certain number of players are allowed at the boundaries of the key, each occupying a slot traced at the boundaries of the key. The free throw shooter is behind the free throw line, and in most leagues three of his opponents are along the sides of the key, one
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determines who gets the possession of the ball (NBA) or the possession arrow rule (for all other levels). In FIBA play, that only applies if the shooter misses, since a successful attempt negates all other penalties. In all situations, lane violation penalties cannot occur if there are further free
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No player along the lane may enter the key until the shot is released. The player shooting the free throw, and anyone at top of the key, may not cross the free throw line until the ball hits the rim. If any of the offensive players violate the rule, no points are awarded for the shot and, if there
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In FIBA play, if the shooter commits the violation, it is an automatic turnover. If the shot is successful and the shooter does not commit a violation, but other players do commit a violation, all violations are dismissed. If players on the opposing team enter the key prior to the release of the
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Prior to 2010, FIBA-specification courts had trapezoidal keys that were 6 meters (20 ft) at the baseline and 3.6 meters (12 ft) at the free throw line. The jump-ball circle was marked with solid lines on both sides of the free-throw line, the inside of which was often used for sponsor
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NBA basketball courts have a 16-foot (4.9 m) rectangular key. Hash marks in an arc mark the portion of the circle for jump balls at the free throw line. Keys may have both NBA and NCAA or NAIA marking to allow use of the same floor by both organizations. Euroleague, which uses a 4.9-meter
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In FIBA-sanctioned tournaments, defending team players are allowed to stay in the key with no time limit. In American professional basketball, defending team players are prohibited from staying in the key for more than three seconds, unless the player is directly guarding an offensive player.
151:), its shape is rectangular for games sanctioned by all three associations, 16 feet (4.9 m) wide for both NBA and FIBA keys, and 12 feet (3.7 m) for NCAA and NAIA keys. Prior to those amendments, the key in FIBA-sanctioned tournaments had been a 389:
On April 25, 2008, the FIBA Central Board approved rule changes that included the shape of the key. It is now rectangular and has virtually the same dimensions as the key used in the NBA. In addition, the no-charge semicircle formally called the
571:. Historically, the area of the key where offensive players are prohibited from remaining longer than three seconds has been painted to distinguish the area from the rest of the court; hence the phrase "points in the paint." 363:", with the free-throw circle as the head, and the shaded lane as the body. It has been also called "cup" or "bottle" in other languages, because of how it looks from other perspectives. Due to the narrow key, imposing 347: 1566: 522:
are no more shots remaining, the ball is given to the defending team. If a defending player enters the lane too soon, an extra shot will be awarded regardless of whether the shot was made or missed.
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The free throw circle has a 6-foot (1.8 m) radius centered at the midpoint of the free throw line. The half-circle on the mid-court side of the free throw line is painted solid. In the NBA and
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shoots a free throw; in most leagues, the team of the free throw shooter has at most two players (aside from the free throw shooter) on the sides of the key, while the opposing team has three.
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The lane is a restricted area in which players on offense (in possession of the ball) can stay for only three seconds. At all levels of play, after three seconds the player is assessed a
121:, overlapping at the bottom half of the circle. It can be considered a lane showing the path to the basket, and is usually painted in a distinctive color. The post is bounded by the 303: 236: 75: 329:
NCAA, NAIA, and NFHS basketball courts have a 12-foot (3.7 m) wide key. The free throw lane has no hash marks because jump balls are not held at the free throw line.
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The lane lines have marks separating where players stand during a free throw attempt. The one nearest the basketball is marked wider than the others, and is known as the
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Since 2010, all FIBA-specification courts have used 4.9-meter (16 ft) rectangular keys. Some competitions, however, use the NBA-specification key.
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Each level of play has different specifications for the size and shape of the key: in American leagues, where the basketball court is measured in
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Dimensions of the key area have varied through the history of the game. The lane used to be only 6 feet wide, better resembling the keyhole of a
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Men's professional basketball in the United States (the National Basketball Association) widened it further to 16 feet (4.9 m) in the
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before being changed to a rectangle as well. In addition to the bounding rectangle, the key includes a free-throw circle at its head or top.
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shoots a free throw; in the American NCAA and NAIA, there can be at most three players on each side of the key during a free throw.
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led to the widening of the lane to 16 feet. Since the 2010 FIBA rule amendments (approved in 2008 and implemented following the
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designed to provide benefit offensive post-up player like O'Neal, players who drive to the basket and limit collisions.
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The different shapes of the key in different basketball disciplines (yellow, from left to right):
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In this basketball game played in 1942, the key was much narrower than the free-throw circle.
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The intersection of the free throw line and the free throw lane is referred to as the
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The area around the free throw circle's farthest point from the basket is called the
283: 183: 955: 2113: 2011: 1988: 1963: 1836: 1467: 368: 140: 102: 847: 197:(NCAA, NAIA, etc.) and high school (NFHS) play, it is 12 feet (3.7 m). 1958: 1948: 1919: 1788: 1772: 1681: 1636: 1441: 1431: 1029: 617: 465:
Otherwise if a defender exceeds that time, the defending team is charged with a
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line, and two lane lines connecting free throw line and baseline.
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In the NBA, Euroleague, FIBA, NCAA, and NAIA play, the key has an
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The width of the key in the NBA is 16 feet (4.9 m); in U.S.
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to reduce the effectiveness of dominant centers, especially
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Originally, the key was narrower and was shaped more like a
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National Federation of State High School Associations
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The most-commonly enforced rule on the key is the "
143:led to widening the lane to 12 feet, and similarly 924:. eba-stats.com. September 7, 2007. Archived from 898:. eba-stats.com. February 11, 2007. Archived from 394:was also created. The change took effect in 2010. 136:. In the NBA, the success near the basket of tall 105:and consists of what is colloquially known as the 768: 766: 182:, while in FIBA-sanctioned events, which use the 98:, where much of the game's action takes place. 72:National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics 477:, plus retaining possession and a reset of the 1092: 304:Palacio de Deportes José María Martín Carpena 8: 740: 738: 736: 734: 732: 706: 704: 702: 700: 698: 473:where the team with the ball is awarded one 665: 663: 661: 659: 657: 1969: 1824: 1778: 1746: 1649: 1522: 1421: 1403: 1253: 1132: 1099: 1085: 1077: 872:. FIBA.com. April 26, 2008. Archived from 834: 832: 391: 214: 68:National Collegiate Athletic Association 31: 896:"GLOBAL Basketball DIRECTORY (Tha-Tid)" 628: 712:"NCAA Men's Basketball: 2017–18 Rules" 7: 84:International Basketball Federation 978:"Shaq and the No Charge Zone Rule" 779:. FIBAAmericas.com. Archived from 25: 954:. January 3, 2012. Archived from 2192: 1238: 774:"Official Basketball Rules 2006" 746:"Official Basketball Rules 2018" 467:defensive three-second violation 449:Defensive three-second violation 415: 406: 274: 267: 260: 253: 58:, officially referred to as the 86:(FIBA), also simply called the 64:National Basketball Association 48:1956–2010, and FIBA since 2010. 1042:. Human Kinetics. p. 26. 563:made on the key are termed as 1: 922:"GLOBAL Basketball DIRECTORY" 846:. May 2, 2008. Archived from 807:"George Mikan vs. The Knicks" 202:2010 FIBA World Championship 149:2010 FIBA World Championship 66:(NBA) (and Euroleague), the 948:"NBA's Misunderstood Rules" 101:It resembles a locksmith's 2249: 1070:Court Lines & Markings 488: 442: 251: 27:Area on a basketball court 2186: 1256: 1236: 1039:Pete Newell's Playing Big 247: 241: 227: 217: 1314:Time line (8/10 seconds) 166:on the opposing player. 90:, is a marked area on a 2228:Basketball terminology 2157:Chuck Taylor All-Stars 514: 503: 455:three-second violation 439:Three-second violation 432:(right) drive the key. 352: 314:Menora Mivtachim Arena 49: 2205:Outline of basketball 2199:Basketball portal 1178:Protocol of Stockholm 676:. NBA. Archived from 509: 498: 469:, which results in a 350: 209:Euroleague Basketball 35: 2233:Basketball equipment 1704:Backboard shattering 683:on November 12, 2018 200:Beginning after the 113:, also known as the 1319:Basket interference 958:on February 1, 2018 840:"NBA Rules History" 565:points in the paint 544:used in NFHS play. 535:Restricted area arc 457:which results in a 392:restricted area arc 928:on October 7, 2007 902:on October 7, 2007 786:on August 19, 2012 515: 504: 445:Three seconds rule 380:1964–65 NBA season 373:1951–52 NBA season 353: 248:FIBA (until 2010) 160:three seconds rule 50: 2213: 2212: 2055: 2054: 2051: 2050: 1937: 1936: 1802: 1801: 1738: 1737: 1734: 1733: 1596: 1595: 1567:100-point scorers 1498: 1497: 1395: 1394: 1276:Trent Tucker Rule 1234: 1233: 1127:Index of articles 1122:Glossary of terms 876:on April 30, 2008 580:top of the circle 340: 339: 16:(Redirected from 2240: 2197: 2196: 2195: 2043:Triangle-and-two 1970: 1954:Full-court press 1825: 1779: 1747: 1650: 1523: 1422: 1404: 1382:Three-point play 1254: 1242: 1133: 1101: 1094: 1087: 1078: 1072: 1067: 1061: 1060: 1058: 1056: 1026: 1020: 1019: 1017: 1015: 1004: 998: 997: 991: 989: 974: 968: 967: 965: 963: 944: 938: 937: 935: 933: 918: 912: 911: 909: 907: 892: 886: 885: 883: 881: 866: 860: 859: 857: 855: 850:on March 3, 2011 836: 827: 826: 824: 822: 813:. 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Ncaa.org 982:Factuation 880:October 4, 854:October 2, 647:2024-08-10 624:References 491:Free throw 479:shot clock 475:free throw 367:, such as 223:Euroleague 170:Dimensions 127:free-throw 2067:Backboard 2060:Equipment 1885:Princeton 1711:Hook shot 1699:Alley-oop 1689:Slam dunk 1665:Jump shot 1622:Euro step 1615:Crossover 1416:Sixth man 1408:Positions 1400:Game play 1372:Technical 1344:Traveling 1309:5 seconds 1266:Officials 1261:Jump ball 1055:April 10, 962:April 23, 528:jump ball 320:, Israel 2128:Clothing 2017:Match-up 1867:Triangle 1814:Ball hog 1766:Practice 1757:Playbook 1743:Strategy 1716:Air ball 1670:Fadeaway 1653:Shooting 1644:Slashing 1437:Shooting 1367:Personal 1362:Flagrant 1324:Carrying 1271:Turnover 1196:Slamball 1036:(2008). 641:ESPN.com 612:See also 526:ball, a 459:turnover 318:Tel Aviv 310:, Spain 176:US units 123:baseline 109:and the 2135:Uniform 2119:Whistle 1997:1–2–1–1 1942:Defense 1842:Shuffle 1819:Gravity 1807:Offense 1750:General 1610:Dribble 1576:Defense 1552:Rebound 1526:Offense 1468:Stretch 1451:Forward 1302:Defense 1297:Offense 1165:History 1137:Leagues 1014:3 March 952:NBA.com 844:NBA.com 811:NBA.com 588:screens 365:centers 357:keyhole 343:History 300:, U.S. 298:Fairfax 290:, U.S. 288:Chicago 195:college 155:shape. 117:or the 82:by the 62:by the 2140:Sleeve 2077:Basket 2033:Amoeba 2026:Hybrid 1877:Motion 1782:Drills 1632:Screen 1557:Assist 1485:Center 1046:  751:. FIBA 717:. NCAA 561:Points 308:Málaga 239:(U.S.) 138:center 125:, the 107:circle 96:basket 2166:Media 2097:Glass 2092:Court 2002:1–3–1 1852:Wheel 1789:Mikan 1677:Layup 1602:Moves 1588:Steal 1583:Block 1533:Point 1475:Point 1463:Power 1458:Small 1442:Combo 1432:Point 1425:Guard 1377:Bonus 1354:Fouls 1249:Rules 784:(PDF) 777:(PDF) 749:(PDF) 715:(PDF) 681:(PDF) 674:(PDF) 606:block 599:elbow 578:, or 556:Terms 398:Rules 119:paint 2072:Ball 2012:Line 1989:Zone 1837:Flex 1627:Flop 1145:FIBA 1057:2013 1044:ISBN 1016:2012 990:2018 964:2018 934:2007 908:2007 882:2009 856:2009 823:2007 792:2010 757:2018 723:2018 689:2018 590:and 447:and 243:FIBA 237:NFHS 233:NAIA 229:NCAA 221:and 115:lane 111:post 88:lane 54:The 46:FIBA 42:NCAA 2114:Net 2107:Key 2082:Rim 2007:2–3 1900:Fly 1794:Tip 1155:AAU 1150:NBA 567:or 541:arc 361:key 219:NBA 103:key 56:key 38:NBA 2224:: 1032:; 992:. 980:. 950:. 842:. 831:^ 809:. 765:^ 731:^ 697:^ 656:^ 639:. 608:. 594:. 461:. 375:. 316:, 306:, 296:, 286:, 235:, 231:, 44:, 40:, 2088:) 2084:( 1100:e 1093:t 1086:v 1059:. 1018:. 966:. 936:. 910:. 884:. 858:. 825:. 794:. 759:. 725:. 691:. 650:. 20:)

Index

Free throw lane
Three different keys as used by different leagues in the world. The NBA one not rectangular, is wider than the one used by the NCAA and NAIA, and has a circle with the central diameter the edge of the key. The NCAA's or NAIA's key is virtually the same with the NBA's key but is narrower and has no hash marks for the lower half of the circle. FIBA's key is similar to the NBA's.
NBA
NCAA
FIBA
National Basketball Association
National Collegiate Athletic Association
National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics
National Federation of State High School Associations
International Basketball Federation
basketball court
basket
key
baseline
free-throw
warded lock
center
George Mikan
Wilt Chamberlain
2010 FIBA World Championship
trapezoidal
three seconds rule
offensive foul
US units
rectangular
metric system
trapezoidal
college
2010 FIBA World Championship
Euroleague Basketball

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