171:("feudal rights") etc. During the course of its development the term encompassed both royal juridical courts as well as those of other lords with relatively small areas of responsibility. There were imperial, royal, princely, ecclesial (monastic) and other
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came to have an enormous importance for the organisation and exercise of lordship, especially when one takes into account that about 90% of the population around the year 1300 were rural. There was a great variety of manifestations of the
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was responsible for property (freehold, estates) and inheritance, freedom processes and allegations of crime by the princes, their families and retinue against free men. The court personnel usually comprised the judge
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in the Middle Ages. Not until the emergence of a hierarchy of courts in the 16th century and the restructuring as part of citizens’ reforms of the 19th century was it possible to define and describe different types of
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was also used to describe the territory over which the court exercised its responsibility. In addition, it can also describe the building in which a
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which the princes exercised personally or through delegate judges from amongst their vassals,
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every 18 weeks, which had to be attended by all those over 24 living in the associated
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is housed. In addition, there were regional terms for such courts; for example, the
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was a small, historical, administrative district in the
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Originally, all free men who were resident or owned land within the
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2nd edn., Vol. 3, Berlin 2012, cols. 518–527.
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in: Albrecht Cordes, Heiner Lück, Dieter Werkmüller (eds.):
302:) met every 18 weeks and were to be attended by all jurors (
128:. Arnold argues that, by 1200, the institutions of the
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There were very different interpretations of the term
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230:Westphalia
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