529:. With a team of Turkish experts Schrader systematically catalogized monuments in the city threatened by the impact of war activities. Using archeological investigations, research, and interviews with locals, information about the monuments was systematically gathered, while the monuments were photographed by Iskender. Valuable artefacts were recovered and preserved in the Archeological Museum of the city. The work remained unfinished since Schrader was forced to leave Constantinople after the German-Ottoman capitulation in November 1918.
25:
443:", who might be useful for us. I visited him privately yesterday, and want to report some details about the conversation with him, since he is valuable for our political relations. Dr Schrader lives in Constantinople since 20 years and has been since the foundation of "Osmanischer Lloyd" the columnist of that paper. He claims that the (German) embassy here (in Constantinople) as well as the German "Auswärtiges Amt" (Foreign Office) were quite
346:
566:, which had been the internationally most important Socialist and Marxist publication since the 1880s. In several articles Schrader voiced his criticism of the failed German Middle East policies before and during the First World War, especially in relation with the support for the Young Turkish regime and its attitude towards non-Muslim minorities. In an article published in 1920,
333:. In the articles, which he published under the pseudonym "Ischtiraki", he strongly criticized the official German policy in the Ottoman Empire, especially the focus on exploitation of economic and military-strategic interests while neglecting cultural exchange between the two nations and not engaging in the development of a modern civil society in the Ottoman Empire.
364:
In 1908-1917 Schrader, after the
Ottoman revolution of 1908, returned to Constantinople and became, after some failed attempts to found a bilingual Turkish-German newspaper with Young Turkish friends (because the Turkish parts had to be printed with Arabic letters, the production costs became too
520:
After 1917, Schrader could now focus on his historical and architectural interests. He published the book "Konstantinopel in
Vergangenheit und Gegenwart" in 1917 in TĂĽbingen, Germany. In parallel, he became a member of the Constantinople Municipal Commission for the Registration and Listing of
461:
Dr
Schrader expressed himself with great sharpness, and even if he is exaggerating because of some personal causes ( he is very democratic and pro-Jewish, his wife is Spaniolic and baptized as a small child ) his opinion is quite remarkable, since he should especially know this question well
504:
Also abroad, we must not, as we have done so far, always stick to the party, which pursues the rape of important cultural elements on behalf of its own national hegemony. This will always take revenge, like it has taken revenge in Turkey. We should not have been "more
Turkish than the
557:, where he reached the German front line. In his diary, published in Germany in 1919, he described several dangerous situations in connection with the various civil war factions, but also the very warm reception and strong support the refugees receive by the local Jewish population.
798:
Irmgard Farah: Die deutsche
Pressepolitik und Propagandatätigkeit im Osmanischen Reich von 1908–1918 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des „Osmanischen Lloyd“. Beiruter Texte und Studien, Band 50, Hrsg. vom Orient-Institut der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Beirut 1993,
472:
In 1916 and 1917, when the policy of the Young Turks regarding ethnic minorities became increasingly evident, also tensions rose within the German community regarding the relation to the
Turkish leadership. A Swiss colleague at the newspaper and younger mentee of Schrader,
477:, who shared Schrader's critical views on the German Turkish alliance, was arrested by the Turkish authorities after some of his letters home had been opened by Turkish intelligence, deported to Ankara, and later sent back to Germany, where he however was hired by
764:
And, Metin, Mesrutiyet Döneminde - Türk
Tiyatrosu 1908-1923: TĂĽrkiye Is Bankasi KĂĽltĂĽr Yayinlari - 108, Ankara, 1971 (in Turkish language, mentions a memorial event staged by Schrader in 1909 in Istanbul on the occasion of the 150th death anniversary of
69:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
293:, where he lived with his family on the campus. Around 1900 he was "professeur" at a French-Armenian lycée in Pera, the European quarter of Constantinople (today Istanbul-Beyoğlu). Starting from the reign of Sultan
548:
in
Constantinople, Rev. Frew. His two older sons, who were serving in the German-Turkish navy, were both demobilized to Germany. From Odessa Friedrich travelled in a railroad freight car through the war-ravaged
570:("The Egyptian Question"), Schrader warned about possibly fateful and negative results of the Anglo-French colonial politics in the former Ottoman provinces Egypt, Palestine and Syria after World War I.
499:
Schrader was a fierce critic of the destruction of the multi-cultural
Ottoman society and culture by competing ethnic nationalist ideologies, largely promoted by European intellectuals. He wrote in 1919
496:. Because of Schrader's eminent network in Istanbul and his profound knowledge, he was regarded however indispensable for the paper and continued to work as a freelancer for them until November, 1918.
317:
From 1900, Schrader worked as a foreign correspondent for different German newspapers and journals. In the same period he published several articles in the official newspaper of the German
211:(19 November 1865 – 28 August 1922) was a German philologist of oriental languages, orientalist, art historian, writer, social democrat, translator and journalist. He also used the
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544:. He left his ill wife and a male child in Constantinople. Since she was member of the Church of England (see remarks above), she was protected from deportation by the Canon of the
55:
876:
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In 1919, Schrader published a brief summary of the activities in a German journal, the whereabouts of the recorded and collected material is unknown.
458:
is an insignificant person, with whom also the German businesspeople were not satisfied, since he didn't show any understanding for their interests.
891:
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72:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
560:
In Berlin, Schrader tried in vain to obtain employment in academia or diplomacy. From 1919 to 1920 he worked for the SPD-owned theoretical journal
80:
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Eine FlĂĽchtlingsreise durch die
Ukraine. Tagebuchblätter meiner Flucht aus Konstantinopel. J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen 1919, pp. 112-113
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contributions about literature, arts, monuments and history of Constantinople were re-printed in many leading German daily newspapers (
297:, Schrader began to translate contemporary Turkish literature and to write articles about it in German journals and newspapers such as
318:
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265:. After studies of Oriental Languages and art history at the University of Halle he wrote his Ph. D. thesis on a translation of the "
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Ischtiraki, 1900, Das geistige Leben in der Türkei und das jetzige Regime: Die Neue Zeit, Jahrgang 18, Band 2, pp. 548–555
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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and didn't have any understanding of the importance of the Jews in the Orient for the German Cause (das Deutschtum).
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high), co-founder and deputy Editor-in-chief for the bilingual (French-German) Constantinople-based daily newspaper
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Die Lage der ackerbauenden Klasse in der Türkei: Die Neue Zeit, 1920, Jahrgang 38, Band 1, pp. 317–319
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in Berlin, Richard Lichtheim, the WZO representative in Constantinople in 1913-17 wrote in November 1913:
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background and was raised in the Anglican Orphanage for Jewish girls in Istanbul-Ortakoy (operated by the
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F. Schrader, Die Kunstdenkmäler Konstantinopels: Der Neue Orient, 1919, Band 5, S. 302-304 und 352-354
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Das Jungtürkische Lausanner Programm: Die Neue Zeit, 1920, Jahrgang 38, Band 2, pp. 6–11, 31-35
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Schrader spent the last two years of his life in Berlin as freelance journalist, mainly writing for
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Ischtiraki, 1900, Vom Goldenen Horn: Vorwärts, Unterhaltungsbeilage, 31. Mai 1900 – 1. Juni 1900
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Das Handwerk bei den Osmanli-Türken: Die Neue Zeit, 1919, Jahrgang 38, Band 1, pp. 163–168
269:" (an important Vedic sutra) into German. The work was done under the supervision of Professor
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at the IISG Amsterdam: Letter of Friedrich Schrader to Karl Kautsky, dated July 1900, D XX 441
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Politisches Leben in der Türkei: Die Neue Zeit, 1919, Jahrgang 37, Band 2, pp. 460–466
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Eine Flüchtlingsreise durch die Ukraine - Tagebuchblätter meiner Flucht aus Konstantinopel
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Die Kunstdenkmäler Konstantinopels: Der Neue Orient, 1919, Band 5, S. 302-304 und 352-354
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N.N., "Nachruf auf Dr. Friedrich Schrader", Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, 30. August 1922
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temples close to Baku located at natural gas sources, which are used for ritual flames.
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From 1907 until 1908 Schrader worked as a lecturer at the Russian Commercial College in
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Islamic and Byzantine monuments (which included the well-known Armenian photographer
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In 1891 Schrader took a position as a lecturer for German language and literature at
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Die ägyptische Frage: Die Neue Zeit, 1920, Jahrgang 38, Band 2, pp. 172 – 177
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The Russian Commercial College in Baku, where Schrader taught from 1907 until 1908
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Richard Lichtheim an das Zionistische Aktionskommittee in Berlin, 13.11.1913
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NeutĂĽrkisches Schrifttum: Das Literarische Echo, Band 3, 1900, S. 1686-1690
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Starting from 1908, Schrader lived with his second wife, who had Bulgarian
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regarding his position and his experience. I will keep in touch with him."
699:
Ceyda Nurtsch, 2018, One of Turkey's Germans: qantara.de, 22. June 2018,
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In 1917 Schrader himself was fired from his post as deputy editor at the
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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In 1918–19 Schrader escaped from internment by the Allies by ship to
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translated into Turkish and re-published by Remzi Kitabevi in 2015:
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Touring Et Automobile Club de Turquie: Janvier 1959, pp. 31–32
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Expert for the protection of monuments in Istanbul (1917–1918)
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Schrader died in August 1922 in Berlin, few weeks after
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Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem, Israel, CZA Z3:47
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a machine-translated version of the German article.
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