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318:, and overall events. Headrick later helped to develop the sport of disc golf, which was first played with Frisbees and later with more aerodynamic beveled-rim discs, by inventing standardized targets called "pole holes". When Headrick died, he was cremated, and his ashes were molded into memorial discs and given to family and close friends and sold to benefit The Ed Headrick Memorial Museum.
347:
38:
234:. The two of them once overheard someone saying that the pair were using wires to make the discs hover, so they developed a sales pitch: "The Flyin-Saucer is free, but the invisible wire is $ 1." (equivalent to $ 13 in 2023) "That's where we learned we could sell these things," he said, because people were enthusiastic about them.
569:
280:
was hired as Wham-O's general manager and vice president of marketing. Headrick redesigned the Pluto
Platter by reworking the mold, mainly to remove the names of the planets, but fortuitously increasing the rim thickness and mass in the process, creating a more controllable disc that could be thrown
508:
This is a precision and accuracy sport in which individual players throw a flying disc at a target pole hole. In 1926, In
Bladworth, Saskatchewan, Canada, Ronald Gibson and a group of his Bladworth Elementary school chums played a game using metal lids, they called "Tin Lid Golf". In 1976, the game
237:
Morrison and
Franscioni ended their partnership in early 1950, and Morrison formed his own company in 1954 called American Trends to buy and sell Flyin Saucers (no hyphen after 1953), which were being made of a flexible polypropylene plastic by Southern California Plastics, the original molder. He
130:
sports use relatively slow-flying discs made of more pliable material to better resist a dog's bite and prevent injury to the dog. Flying rings are also available which typically travel significantly farther than any traditional flying disc. Illuminated discs are made of phosphorescent plastic or
476:
competitions in
Northern Michigan, the Canadian Open Frisbee Championships (1972), Toronto, Ontario, the Vancouver Open Frisbee Championships (1974), Vancouver, British Columbia, the Octad (1974), New Jersey, the American Flying Disc Open (1974), Rochester, New York, and the World Frisbee
453:
competitions. These discs are usually smaller and lighter than other types of flying discs. Most freestyle discs have a diameter of 10 inches (25 cm) or less and a weight of around 160 grams (5.6 oz), but this is subject to change according to the performer's need.
298:
Wham-O changed their marketing strategy to promote
Frisbee use as a new sport, and sales increased. In 1964, the first professional model went on sale. Headrick patented its design; it featured raised ridges (the "Rings of Headrick") that were claimed to stabilize flight.
117:
in cross-section which allows it to fly by reducing the drag and increasing lift as it moves through the air, compared to a flat plate. Spinning the disc imparts a stabilizing gyroscopic force, allowing it to be both aimed with accuracy and thrown for distance.
125:
are usually smaller but denser compared to ultimate frisbee, and tailored for particular flight profiles to increase or decrease stability and distance. The longest recorded disc throw is by David
Wiggins Jr. with a distance of 338 metres (1,109 ft).
273:, written by Ted Nelson. The game of Frisbee (spelled Frisby) is described in the song "Friz Me the Frisby," as a Frisbee was passed among stooges in the audience. The scene was expressly intended as a way to introduce the game to the audience.
189:. Morrison and his future wife Lucile had fun tossing a popcorn can lid after a Thanksgiving Day dinner in 1937. They soon discovered a market for a light-duty flying disc when they were offered 25 cents (equivalent to $ 5 in 2023) for a
588:
The most widely played disc game began in the late 1960s with Joel Silver and Jared Kass. In the 1970s, it developed as an organized sport with the creation of the
Ultimate Players Association by Dan Roddick, Tom Kennedy and Irv Kalb.
223:. He and business partner Warren Franscioni began producing the first plastic discs by 1948, after design modifications and experimentation with several prototypes. They renamed them the Flyin-Saucer in the wake of reported
487:
Double disc court was invented and introduced in 1974 by Jim
Palmeri, a sport played with two flying discs and two teams of two players. Each team defends its court and tries to land a flying disc in the opposing court.
541:
A half-court disc game derived from ultimate, similar to hot box. The object is to advance the disc on the field of play by passing, and score points by throwing the flying disc to a teammate in a small scoring area.
477:
Championships (1974), Pasadena, California, are the earliest
Frisbee competitions that presented the Frisbee as a new disc sport. Before these tournaments, the Frisbee was considered a toy and used for recreation.
238:
discovered that he could produce his own disc more cheaply, and he designed a new model in 1955 called the Pluto
Platter, the archetype of all modern flying discs. He sold the rights to Wham-O on January 23, 1957.
245:
and Arthur "Spud" Melin gave the disc the brand name "Frisbee" after learning that college students were calling the Pluto Platter by that term, which was derived from the Connecticut-based pie manufacturer
336:, or known as Frisbee, have variations produced for different purposes to optimize variations between branches of disc sports. The three main categories are: ultimate disc, golf disc, and freestyle disc.
325:. In addition, many championships have sprung up around the world and the sport has become very popular, with nine-time champion Miguel Larrañaga from Spain being the leading exponent of frisbee throwing.
578:
A patented game scoring points by throwing and deflecting the flying disc and hitting or entering the goal. The game ends when a team scores exactly 21 points or "chogs" the disc for an instant win.
1988:
410:
Each type is designed for a specific purpose, with drivers being used for long-distance throws, mid-range discs for more controlled shots, and putters for short and accurate throws into the
592:
The object of the game is to advance the disc and score points by eventually passing the disc to a team member in the opposing team's end zone. Players may not run while holding the disc.
731:
1675:
930:
207:"That got the wheels turning, because you could buy a cake pan for five cents, and if people on the beach were willing to pay a quarter for it, well—there was a business."
2483:
531:'s Jim Kenner. Teams of two or three players are judged as they perform a routine that consists of a series of creative throwing and catching techniques set to music.
1981:
842:
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219:, and then was a prisoner of war. After the war, Morrison sketched a design for an aerodynamically improved flying disc that he called the Whirlo-Way, after
1728:
772:
1974:
556:. Two teams of one to five team members stand in parallel lines facing each other across a court and throw flying discs at members of the opposing team.
421:
Each type of golf disc has hundreds of variations, subject to a uniform requirement in the size of discs: the minimum diameter of a golf disc is 21
403:. Disc golf discs are similar in size and shape to ultimate discs, but have different weights and designs. The material often used to make golf discs is
650:
It is often mistakenly reported that the company began producing Frisbees on this date, but production did not actually begin until a few months later.
306:
and appointed Dan Roddick as its head. Roddick began establishing North American Series (NAS) tournament standards for various Frisbee sports, such as
254:, where students had started a campus craze tossing empty pie tins stamped with the company's logo—the way that Morrison and his wife had in 1937.
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Dogs and their human flying disc throwers compete in events such as distance catching and somewhat choreographed freestyle catching.
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261:
The first Frisbee (Professional Model) to be produced as a sport disc with the first disc sport tournament identification, the 1972
85:
552:
The game of guts was invented by the Healy Brothers in the 1950s and developed at the International Frisbee Tournament (IFT) in
1025:
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Fred Morrison: "Headrick had an eye for product design.... The "New Look" contributed mightily to its phenomenal success."
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fluid or battery-powered LEDs for play after dark. Others whistle when they reach a certain velocity in flight.
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of disc golf was standardized with targets called "pole holes" invented and developed by Wham-O's Ed Headrick.
21:
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newspaper, Morrison compared that with the 5 cents (equivalent to $ 1 in 2023) it cost at the time:
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383:). For competitive uses, WFDF or other official organizations set disc standards to ensure quality.
109:
with a pronounced lip. It is used recreationally and competitively for throwing and catching, as in
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In November 1957, the Frisbee was featured in what may be the first rock musical ever performed,
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The Complete Book of Frisbee: The History of the Sport & the First Official Price Guide
874:
626:
621:
524:
415:
262:
251:
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1961:
1338:
407:. There are three main types of disc golf discs: drivers, mid-range discs, and putters.
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346:
27:"Flying disc" and "Flying disk" redirect here. For the unidentified flying object, see
177:
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Another type of flying disc is the disc golf disc, which is used in the sport of
2236:
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616:
277:
194:
1917:
Spinning flight: dynamics of frisbees, boomerangs, samaras, and skipping stones
2219:
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2016:
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1051:. Rachel Forbes (illus.). Alameda, Cal.: American Trends Publishing Company.
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A memorial disc containing some of the ashes of Ed Headrick, on display at
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Freestyle discs are another variation of flying discs that are used in
114:
819:
414:. The rim for golf discs are sharper than ultimate frisbee, to reduce
302:
Headrick became known as the father of Frisbee sports; he founded the
2177:
2136:
560:
150:
42:
1956:
1263:
898:"On This Day: Wham-O Acquires Rights to Frisbee in 1957 | Livewire"
364:) and are designed to be thrown for maximum distance and accuracy.
1212:
568:
567:
438:
390:
380:
345:
185:
Frisbees were invented in the late 1930s by the American inventor
176:
168:
36:
153:
toy company. This protection results in organized sports such as
2151:
606:
426:
376:
368:
1970:
1154:"7 innovators who had their ashes turned into their obsessions"
844:
Timeless Toys: Classic Toys and the Playmakers Who Created Them
105:
plastic and roughly 20 to 25 centimetres (8 to 10 in) in
101:, is a gliding toy or sporting item that is generally made of
77:
1026:"The First Flight of the Frisbee: The History of the Frisbee"
121:
A wide range is available of flying disc variants. Those for
1707:"'Trash Can Frisbee' – a local game – goes global as KanJam"
718:"Overview of Trademark Law: Can trademark rights be lost?"
1364:"Disc Golf Equipment | Northeast Texas Community College"
1107:"Ed Headrick, Designer of the Modern Frisbee, Dies at 78"
68:
1792:
Frisbee: A Practitioner's Manual and Definitive Treatise
367:
Ultimate has a unique standard with a diameter of 10.75
356:
Ultimate discs are designed to be used in the sport of
230:"We worked fairs, demonstrating it," Morrison told the
1941:
1043:
Malafronte, Victor A. (1998). F. Davis Johnson (ed.).
193:
that they were tossing back and forth on a beach near
143:
is often used generically to describe all flying discs
1898:
Flat Flip Flies Straight: True Origins of the Frisbee
1446:"Current Disc Golf Equipment Manufacturer Guidelines"
993:
Flat Flip Flies Straight! True Origins of the Frisbee
86:
71:
62:
1081:"History of Frisbee sport and Flying Disc freestyle"
360:. Ultimate discs are made of durable plastic (often
74:
65:
2371:
2294:
2212:
2191:
2160:
2124:
2062:
2004:
59:
1855:
1339:"How Disc Golf Discs are Made: The Complete Guide"
1044:
215:, when Walter served in the Army Air Force flying
923:"'Frisbee' Marks 50th Anniversary of Name Change"
1831:, New York, Toronto, London: Bantam Books, 1972
205:
1629:"History of Frisbee and Flying Disc Freestyle"
1496:"History of Frisbee and Flying Disc freestyle"
1982:
1765:"History of Ultimate Frisbee and Disc Sports"
211:The Morrisons continued their business until
8:
812:"50 years later, Frisbee still flying high"
693:"8 Common Words That Are Still Trademarked"
321:In 1998, the Frisbee was inducted into the
161:having to forgo use of the word "Frisbee".
1989:
1975:
1967:
847:. Andrews McMeel Publishing. p. 138.
523:competition was created and introduced by
995:. Wethersfield, CT: Wormhole Publishers.
759:
757:
755:
753:
283:
256:
2484:Sports originating in the United States
953:"Frisbee Inventor Dies at 90 - CNN.com"
896:Eisenhood, Charlie (January 23, 2017).
663:
643:
1962:All Frisbee Throw and catch techniques
1896:Morrison, Fred; Kennedy, Phil (2006).
1676:"Boggio boosted Guts frisbee in 1960s"
1500:Development of Frisbee and disc sports
2423:International World Games Association
1881:. Celestial Arts Publishing Company.
1862:. Celestial Arts Publishing Company.
1809:Horowitz, Judy; Bloom, Billy (1984).
1729:"Special Merit the Johnny Appleseeds"
1239:"Building the Ultimate Ultimate Disc"
975:"Script for first rock musical, 1957"
933:from the original on November 1, 2007
868:Latson, Jennifer (January 23, 2015).
778:from the original on December 1, 2017
7:
2469:Physical activity and dexterity toys
1854:Tips, Charles; Roddick, Dan (1979).
1705:Robison, Daniel (November 2, 2012).
1388:Bestdiscgolfers (October 12, 2018).
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
795:
793:
225:unidentified flying object sightings
263:Canadian Open Frisbee Championships
1952:History of Frisbee and Disc Sports
1835:Danna, Mark; Poynter, Dan (1980).
1811:Frisbee: More Than a Game of Catch
1450:Professional Disc Golf Association
14:
1998:Sports of the World Games program
870:"How Frisbees Got Off the Ground"
304:International Frisbee Association
241:In June 1957, Wham-O co-founders
149:is a registered trademark of the
2413:
2412:
1243:Scientific American Blog Network
1134:. Discgolf.com. October 30, 2001
55:
1674:Veale, Brandon (July 6, 2012).
1390:"How Disc Golf Discs Are Made?"
1290:"Disc Standards | USA Ultimate"
991:; Phil Kennedy (January 2006).
1794:. Workman Publishing Company.
1790:Stancil E. D. Johnson (1975).
1444:dgentry (September 11, 2008).
197:. In 2007, in an interview in
113:. The shape of the disc is an
45:registered trademark "Frisbee"
1:
1829:The Official Frisbee Handbook
1554:Disc Dogs! A Beginner's Guide
1942:World Flying Disc Federation
1654:World Goaltimate Association
810:Swift, Earl (May 27, 2007).
766:"The History of the Frisbee"
732:"Losing Grip on the Frisbee"
395:Disc golf discs in a target.
2449:Products introduced in 1948
1813:. Macmillan Reference USA.
1419:Spilman Park Disc Golf Club
841:Walsh, Tim (October 2005).
672:"Flying Disc World Records"
291:Ripley's Believe It or Not!
2502:
2459:Brands that became generic
1132:"The History of Disc Golf"
461:
329:Variations of flying discs
181:A flying disc being caught
18:
2418:Sports at the World Games
2408:
2005:Artistic and dance sports
1858:Frisbee, sports and games
1837:Frisbee Players' Handbook
1736:USA Ultimate Hall of Fame
323:National Toy Hall of Fame
271:Anything & Everything
187:Walter Frederick Morrison
1680:The Daily Mining Gazette
1173:Steady Ed Memorial Discs
955:. CNN. February 12, 2010
250:, a supplier of pies to
22:Frisbee (disambiguation)
2012:Artistic roller skating
1944:(WFDF) – international
1900:. Wormhole Publishers.
771:. Wormhole Publishers.
173:A flying disc in flight
41:A flying disc with the
1915:Lorenz, Ralph (2006).
1879:Frisbee by the Masters
1877:Tips, Charles (1977).
1602:"History of Disc Golf"
1579:"History of Disc Golf"
573:
554:Eagle Harbor, Michigan
444:
396:
375:) and a weight of 175
351:
295:
266:
209:
182:
174:
46:
1948:for flying disc games
1946:sports governing body
1187:"Wham-O Frisbee Disc"
1175:Disc Golf Association
571:
514:Freestyle competition
468:Flying disc freestyle
442:
394:
349:
287:
260:
180:
172:
40:
2295:Past official sports
2274:Competition climbing
2257:Speed roller skating
2027:Acrobatic gymnastics
1627:FPA (May 11, 2017).
1551:Perry, Jeff (2011).
1425:on February 27, 2023
1313:"How Discs Are Made"
1270:(in Chinese (China))
977:. November 22, 1957.
350:An ultimate frisbee.
221:the famous racehorse
20:For other uses, see
2454:American inventions
2372:Invitational sports
2042:Rhythmic gymnastics
1919:. Springer Verlag.
1745:on January 22, 2015
1581:. November 22, 2018
816:The Virginian-Pilot
248:Frisbie Pie Company
200:The Virginian-Pilot
2032:Aerobic gymnastics
1957:Flying Disc Museum
1650:"Goaltimate Rules"
1608:on January 4, 2020
1532:on January 2, 2014
1311:Wilson, Nicholas.
1292:. November 6, 2020
1237:Shields, Laura G.
574:
445:
397:
352:
296:
267:
183:
175:
47:
2431:
2430:
1926:978-0-387-30779-4
1907:978-0-9774517-4-6
1888:978-0-89087-142-3
1869:978-0-89087-233-8
1846:978-0-915516-19-3
1820:978-0-88011-105-8
1801:978-0-911104-53-0
1415:"Disc Dimensions"
1394:Best Disc Golfers
1032:on July 14, 2012.
1002:978-0-9774517-4-6
929:. June 16, 2007.
572:Man plays KanJam.
482:Double disc court
464:Flying disc games
451:freestyle Frisbee
316:Double Disc Court
281:more accurately.
111:flying disc games
93:), also called a
2491:
2474:Sports equipment
2416:
2415:
2395:Wheelchair rugby
2312:Beach volleyball
2173:Billiards sports
2161:Precision sports
1991:
1984:
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1686:on March 4, 2016
1682:. Archived from
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1213:"Disciplines"
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29:Flying saucer
23:
2342:Rugby sevens
2317:Bodybuilding
2284:Wakeboarding
2279:Water skiing
2252:Orienteering
2213:Trend sports
2199:Powerlifting
2125:Martial arts
2047:Trampolining
1916:
1897:
1878:
1857:
1839:. Para Pub.
1836:
1828:
1810:
1791:
1770:December 25,
1768:. Retrieved
1759:
1747:. Retrieved
1740:the original
1735:
1723:
1711:. Retrieved
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1684:the original
1679:
1669:
1657:. Retrieved
1653:
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1632:. Retrieved
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1606:the original
1595:
1583:. Retrieved
1573:
1553:
1546:
1534:. Retrieved
1530:the original
1526:Hall of Fame
1525:
1516:
1504:. Retrieved
1499:
1490:
1480:February 15,
1478:. Retrieved
1474:
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1455:February 26,
1453:. Retrieved
1449:
1439:
1429:February 27,
1427:. Retrieved
1423:the original
1418:
1409:
1399:February 16,
1397:. Retrieved
1393:
1383:
1373:February 15,
1371:. Retrieved
1368:www.ntcc.edu
1367:
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1348:February 27,
1346:. Retrieved
1342:
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1322:February 16,
1320:. Retrieved
1316:
1306:
1296:February 27,
1294:. Retrieved
1284:
1274:February 16,
1272:. Retrieved
1267:
1258:
1248:February 16,
1246:. Retrieved
1242:
1232:
1222:February 15,
1220:. Retrieved
1216:
1207:
1195:. Retrieved
1191:the original
1180:
1168:
1157:
1148:
1138:December 27,
1136:. Retrieved
1126:
1114:. Retrieved
1110:
1101:
1089:. Retrieved
1084:
1075:
1046:
1038:
1030:the original
1020:
992:
983:
969:
957:. Retrieved
947:
935:. Retrieved
917:
905:. Retrieved
901:
891:
879:. Retrieved
873:
863:
843:
836:
824:. Retrieved
820:the original
815:
780:. Retrieved
740:. Retrieved
736:the original
726:
712:
700:. Retrieved
696:
687:
677:November 13,
675:. Retrieved
666:
646:
632:USA Ultimate
591:
587:
577:
551:
540:
518:
507:
497:
486:
471:
448:
420:
409:
398:
366:
362:polyethylene
355:
334:Flying discs
332:
320:
301:
297:
289:
275:
270:
268:
240:
236:
231:
229:
213:World War II
210:
206:
198:
184:
146:
139:
137:
120:
98:
97:or simply a
94:
53:(pronounced
50:
48:
34:
16:Throwing toy
2464:Flying disc
2242:Flying disc
2237:Finswimming
2225:Parachuting
2106:Racquetball
2063:Ball sports
1709:. WBFO 88.7
1659:January 19,
1585:November 5,
1471:"Freestyle"
1317:Rogue Discs
907:January 19,
881:January 19,
782:January 19,
617:Flying ring
458:Disc sports
371:(27.3
278:Ed Headrick
265:in Toronto.
195:Los Angeles
95:flying disc
2444:1950s toys
2438:Categories
2247:Lifesaving
2220:Air sports
2204:Tug of war
2142:Kickboxing
2075:Canoe polo
2022:Gymnastics
2017:Dancesport
1749:August 26,
1536:January 1,
1506:October 6,
1264:"极限飞盘选购指南"
658:References
536:Goaltimate
425:(8.3
379:(6.2
2357:Triathlon
2352:Taekwondo
2302:Badminton
2085:Floorball
1713:April 20,
1690:August 1,
1268:深圳市飞盘运动协会
1011:233974379
902:Ultiworld
612:Boomerang
521:freestyle
519:In 1974,
503:Disc golf
416:wind drag
401:disc golf
387:Disc golf
308:Freestyle
294:, London.
276:In 1964,
159:disc golf
138:The term
123:disc golf
2389:Lacrosse
2379:Duathlon
2307:Baseball
2147:Muaythai
2132:Ju-jitsu
2111:Softball
2100:Lacrosse
2095:Korfball
2080:Fistball
2052:Tumbling
1116:June 14,
1067:39487710
937:June 19,
931:Archived
826:July 28,
773:Archived
702:June 24,
596:See also
583:Ultimate
529:Discraft
493:Disc dog
472:The IFT
358:Ultimate
191:cake pan
155:ultimate
131:contain
128:Disc dog
107:diameter
2364:(women)
2332:Netball
2322:Casting
2183:Bowling
2168:Archery
2102:(women)
2037:Parkour
1634:May 15,
1612:May 15,
1197:May 26,
602:Aerobie
165:History
147:Frisbee
140:frisbee
115:airfoil
51:frisbee
2137:Karate
2116:Squash
1923:
1904:
1885:
1866:
1843:
1817:
1798:
1600:DDGA.
1561:
1065:
1055:
1009:
999:
959:May 2,
851:
561:KanJam
412:target
369:inches
151:Wham-O
145:, but
43:Wham-O
2400:Wushu
2391:(men)
2347:Sambo
2267:Track
1743:(PDF)
1732:(PDF)
1337:Red.
776:(PDF)
769:(PDF)
638:Notes
377:grams
217:P-47s
2262:Road
2152:Sumo
1921:ISBN
1902:ISBN
1883:ISBN
1864:ISBN
1841:ISBN
1815:ISBN
1796:ISBN
1772:2017
1751:2018
1715:2013
1692:2012
1661:2019
1636:2017
1614:2017
1587:2022
1559:ISBN
1538:2014
1508:2018
1482:2023
1475:WFDF
1457:2023
1431:2023
1401:2023
1375:2023
1350:2023
1324:2023
1298:2023
1276:2023
1250:2023
1224:2023
1217:WFDF
1199:2015
1140:2011
1118:2002
1093:2017
1063:OCLC
1053:ISBN
1007:OCLC
997:ISBN
961:2010
939:2007
909:2019
883:2019
875:Time
849:ISBN
828:2013
784:2019
744:2011
704:2022
679:2014
607:AUDL
547:Guts
527:and
474:guts
466:and
312:Guts
99:disc
90:-bee
88:FRIZ
429:).
157:or
49:A
2440::
1734:.
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814:.
792:^
752:^
695:.
427:in
423:cm
418:.
381:oz
373:cm
314:,
310:,
227:.
78:iː
1990:e
1983:t
1976:v
1929:.
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81:/
75:b
72:z
69:ɪ
66:r
63:f
60:ˈ
57:/
31:.
24:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
