1987:
52:
40:
431:
392:
The frontal bone is one of the principal paired mid-line bones in dinosaur skulls. This bone is part of the skull roof, which is a set of bones that cover the brain, eyes and nostrils. The frontal makes contact with several other bones in the skull. The anterior part of the bone articulates with
288:
The border of the squamous part is thick, strongly serrated, bevelled at the expense of the inner table above, where it rests upon the parietal bones, and at the expense of the outer table on either side, where it receives the lateral pressure of those bones; this border is continued below into a
2007:
339:
begins at the end of the first or beginning of the second year, but may begin at birth. The sinuses are of considerable size by the seventh or eighth year, but do not attain their full proportions until after
324:, and backwards to form the orbital plate. The spine is ossified from a pair of secondary centers, on either side of the middle line; similar centers appear in the nasal part and zygomatic processes.
397:
bone. The posterior part of the bone articulates with the postorbital bone and the parietal bone. This bone defines all of part of the upper margin of the orbit.
160:
621:
335:, except at its lower part, by the eighth year, but occasionally persists throughout life. It is generally maintained that the development of the
950:
136:
2012:
1873:
1757:
747:
1556:
1395:
248:. The orbital part is the horizontal and second biggest region of the frontal bone. It enters into the formation of the roofs of the
1476:
1458:
1405:
1289:
558:
490:
237:
201:
584:
1897:
895:
1073:
1051:
997:
1892:
1125:
912:
1674:
1520:
614:
293:. The posterior borders of the orbital plates are thin and serrated, and articulate with the small wings of the sphenoid.
155:
1729:
1316:
1282:
722:
332:
241:
205:
1953:
1697:
1616:
1061:
1977:
1958:
943:
825:
757:
480:
1742:
1737:
1532:
1483:
1447:
1329:
1056:
1007:
607:
167:
119:
1789:
1719:
729:
717:
376:
it is often separated from the orbits by one or two additional bones not found in mammals. These bones, the
312:
in membrane from two primary centers, one for each half, which appear toward the end of the second month of
1986:
1794:
1709:
1633:
702:
697:
406:
143:
131:
1910:
1822:
1692:
1390:
936:
707:
512:
440:
356:, the frontal bone is paired, rather than presenting the single, fused structure found in humans (see
1935:
1905:
1537:
1493:
1380:
1272:
712:
244:. The squamous part marks the vertical, flat, and also the biggest part, and the main region of the
1920:
1714:
1525:
1255:
1133:
835:
810:
689:
577:
317:
384:, together form the upper margin of the eye sockets, and lie to either side of the frontal bones.
1866:
1827:
1656:
1375:
1046:
980:
802:
917:
830:
320:. From each of these centers, ossification extends upward to form the corresponding half of the
1806:
1628:
1611:
1606:
1564:
1488:
1367:
1198:
1188:
1098:
1081:
862:
815:
782:
554:
531:
486:
465:
445:
302:
51:
1856:
1702:
1687:
1664:
1643:
1638:
1503:
1433:
1385:
1344:
1245:
1232:
1138:
1113:
1017:
852:
847:
752:
521:
413:
321:
1915:
1801:
1772:
1623:
1418:
1413:
1334:
1324:
1299:
1203:
1108:
1086:
1029:
767:
762:
631:
394:
377:
336:
772:
260:, and sometimes this is included with the squamous part. The nasal part is between the
1991:
1777:
1651:
1443:
1438:
1240:
1213:
1154:
1091:
971:
902:
820:
654:
592:
357:
328:
249:
213:
95:
360:). It typically lies on the upper part of the head, between the eyes, but in many non-
39:
2001:
1943:
1925:
1601:
1596:
1578:
1508:
1466:
1428:
1422:
1358:
1339:
1304:
1208:
1193:
1180:
1002:
842:
792:
679:
674:
664:
436:
290:
273:
91:
79:
71:
2008:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
1861:
1841:
1471:
1034:
1012:
959:
857:
669:
418:
369:
253:
75:
124:
1747:
963:
890:
381:
185:
1277:
907:
353:
269:
261:
217:
83:
17:
1164:
928:
635:
526:
507:
373:
148:
535:
1544:
1260:
309:
245:
225:
209:
289:
triangular, rough surface, which articulates with the great wing of the
883:
878:
787:
777:
659:
599:
365:
341:
277:
87:
1159:
739:
361:
173:
553:. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 226–241.
993:
313:
200:
which consists of two portions. These are the vertically oriented
107:
364:
animals it does not form part of the orbital cavity. Instead, in
482:
Gray's
Anatomy E-Book: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice
197:
932:
603:
236:
The frontal bone is made up of two main parts. These are the
327:
At birth the bone consists of two pieces, separated by the
1975:
44:
Position of the frontal bone (highlighted in green).
1934:
1882:
1849:
1840:
1815:
1756:
1728:
1673:
1586:
1577:
1555:
1457:
1404:
1366:
1357:
1315:
1231:
1222:
1179:
1147:
1124:
1072:
979:
970:
871:
801:
738:
688:
642:
549:Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977).
154:
142:
130:
118:
106:
101:
66:
61:
32:
508:"Role of neural crest in congenital heart disease"
216:holding the eye, and part of the bony part of the
220:respectively. The name comes from the Latin word
301:The frontal bone is presumed to be derived from
1547:in petrous part, but not part of temporal bone)
944:
615:
8:
460:
458:
256:. Sometimes a third part is included as the
1846:
1583:
1363:
1228:
976:
951:
937:
929:
622:
608:
600:
50:
38:
525:
1982:
454:
435:This article incorporates text in the
171:
29:
589:Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator
7:
580:at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
748:Levator palpebrae superioris muscle
506:Kirby, M. L.; Waldo, K. L. (1990).
479:Standring, Susan (7 August 2015).
331:, which is usually obliterated by
25:
208:, making up the bony part of the
1985:
429:
204:, and the horizontally oriented
1052:Internal occipital protuberance
998:External occipital protuberance
913:Suspensory ligament of eyeball
585:"Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-1"
258:nasal part of the frontal bone
1:
56:Animation of the frontal bone
723:Trochlea of superior oblique
485:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
333:Intramembranous ossification
1617:Posterior clinoid processes
1062:Groove for transverse sinus
443:of the 20th edition of
2029:
2013:Bones of the head and neck
591:. Elsevier. Archived from
404:
268:that articulates with the
826:Accessory lacrimal glands
758:Medial palpebral ligament
272:inferiorly, and with the
264:, and ends in a serrated
166:
49:
37:
1743:Anterior clinoid process
1738:Superior orbital fissure
1484:Internal auditory meatus
1330:Fossa for lacrimal gland
1057:Internal occipital crest
1008:External occipital crest
578:Anatomy photo:23:os-0101
168:Anatomical terms of bone
1720:Sulcus of auditory tube
730:Inferior oblique muscle
718:Superior oblique muscle
527:10.1161/01.CIR.82.2.332
393:the nasal bone and the
27:Bone in the human skull
1634:Middle clinoid process
703:Inferior rectus muscle
698:Superior rectus muscle
407:anatomical terminology
1911:Superior nasal concha
1391:Petrotympanic fissure
708:Lateral rectus muscle
316:life, one above each
1906:Supreme nasal concha
1538:Petrosquamous suture
1494:Stylomastoid foramen
1381:Suprameatal triangle
1273:Supraorbital foramen
713:Medial rectus muscle
308:The frontal bone is
1921:Middle nasal concha
1874:Perpendicular plate
1715:Infratemporal crest
1256:Superciliary arches
1134:Pharyngeal tubercle
811:Lacrimal canaliculi
551:The Vertebrate Body
318:supraorbital margin
212:, part of the bony
1949:ethmoidal foramina
1867:Olfactory foramina
1828:Sphenoidal conchae
1665:Sphenoidal sinuses
1657:Sphenoidal lingula
1376:Articular tubercle
1047:Cruciform eminence
803:Lacrimal apparatus
405:This article uses
303:neural crest cells
70:Twelve bones: the
1973:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1836:
1835:
1662:Anterior surface:
1629:Chiasmatic groove
1612:Hypophysial fossa
1607:Tuberculum sellae
1594:Superior surface:
1573:
1572:
1565:Suprameatal spine
1521:Inferior tympanic
1489:Cochlear aqueduct
1396:Zygomatic process
1353:
1352:
1290:Zygomatic process
1189:Parietal eminence
1175:
1174:
1099:Hypoglossal canal
926:
925:
896:Plica semilunaris
863:Nasolacrimal duct
816:Lacrimal caruncle
783:Palpebral fissure
182:
181:
177:
16:(Redirected from
2020:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1898:Uncinate process
1857:Cribriform plate
1847:
1785:pterygoid plates
1649:Lateral surface:
1639:Petrosal process
1584:
1504:Subarcuate fossa
1434:Occipital groove
1386:Mandibular fossa
1364:
1345:Frontonasal duct
1246:Frontal eminence
1229:
1199:Parietal foramen
1114:Jugular tubercle
1018:Suprainiac fossa
977:
953:
946:
939:
930:
853:Lacrimal punctum
848:Lacrimal papilla
836:Ciaccio's glands
624:
617:
610:
601:
596:
565:
564:
546:
540:
539:
529:
503:
497:
496:
476:
470:
462:
433:
432:
414:Frontal eminence
174:edit on Wikidata
54:
42:
30:
21:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2017:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1984:
1976:
1974:
1965:
1930:
1916:Superior meatus
1890:Lateral surface
1878:
1832:
1811:
1802:Pterygoid canal
1759:
1752:
1724:
1669:
1624:Ethmoidal spine
1569:
1551:
1533:Styloid process
1453:
1419:Mastoid process
1414:Mastoid foramen
1400:
1349:
1335:Trochlear fovea
1325:Ethmoidal notch
1311:
1300:Sagittal sulcus
1218:
1204:Sagittal sulcus
1171:
1143:
1120:
1109:Jugular process
1087:Condyloid fossa
1068:
966:
957:
927:
922:
918:Tenon's capsule
867:
831:Krause's glands
797:
768:Meibomian gland
763:Epicanthic fold
734:
684:
638:
628:
583:
574:
569:
568:
561:
548:
547:
543:
505:
504:
500:
493:
478:
477:
473:
463:
456:
430:
427:
410:
403:
390:
350:
337:frontal sinuses
299:
286:
234:
194:sincipital bone
178:
57:
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2026:
2024:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:Medial surface
1900:
1895:
1893:Orbital lamina
1886:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1853:
1851:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1734:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1679:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1659:
1654:
1652:Carotid groove
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1590:
1588:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1561:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1469:
1463:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1444:Mastoid antrum
1441:
1439:Sigmoid sulcus
1436:
1431:
1426:
1416:
1410:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1321:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1248:
1243:
1241:Frontal suture
1237:
1235:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1214:Sagittal crest
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1155:Foramen magnum
1151:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1092:Condylar canal
1089:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
985:
983:
974:
968:
967:
958:
956:
955:
948:
941:
933:
924:
923:
921:
920:
915:
910:
905:
903:Orbital septum
900:
899:
898:
888:
887:
886:
875:
873:
869:
868:
866:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
839:
838:
833:
823:
821:Lacrimal gland
818:
813:
807:
805:
799:
798:
796:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
773:Ciliary glands
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
744:
742:
736:
735:
733:
732:
727:
726:
725:
715:
710:
705:
700:
694:
692:
686:
685:
683:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
660:Maxillary bone
657:
655:Zygomatic bone
652:
646:
644:
640:
639:
629:
627:
626:
619:
612:
604:
598:
597:
595:on 2012-12-27.
581:
573:
572:External links
570:
567:
566:
559:
541:
520:(2): 332–340.
498:
491:
471:
466:Gray's Anatomy
453:
452:
446:Gray's Anatomy
426:
423:
422:
421:
416:
402:
399:
389:
386:
358:frontal suture
349:
346:
329:frontal suture
298:
295:
285:
282:
254:nasal cavities
233:
230:
214:orbital cavity
196:is a unpaired
180:
179:
170:
164:
163:
158:
152:
151:
146:
140:
139:
134:
128:
127:
122:
116:
115:
110:
104:
103:
99:
98:
94:, and the two
68:
64:
63:
59:
58:
55:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2025:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1944:Ethmoid sinus
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1926:Middle meatus
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1602:Dorsum sellae
1600:
1599:
1598:
1597:Sella turcica
1595:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1557:Tympanic part
1554:
1548:
1546:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:Jugular fossa
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1467:Carotid canal
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1429:Mastoid notch
1427:
1424:
1423:Mastoid cells
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1368:Squamous part
1365:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1340:Frontal sinus
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1306:
1305:Frontal crest
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1283:Foramen cecum
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1233:Squamous part
1230:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1209:Sagittal keel
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1194:Temporal line
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1074:Lateral parts
1071:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:Occipital bun
1001:
999:
995:
992:
991:
990:
987:
986:
984:
982:
981:Squamous part
978:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
954:
949:
947:
942:
940:
935:
934:
931:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
897:
894:
893:
892:
889:
885:
882:
881:
880:
877:
876:
874:
870:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
843:Lacrimal lake
841:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
806:
804:
800:
794:
793:Gland of Zeis
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
743:
741:
737:
731:
728:
724:
721:
720:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
693:
691:
687:
681:
680:Lacrimal bone
678:
676:
675:Palatine bone
673:
671:
668:
666:
665:Sphenoid bone
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
625:
620:
618:
613:
611:
606:
605:
602:
594:
590:
586:
582:
579:
576:
575:
571:
562:
560:0-03-910284-X
556:
552:
545:
542:
537:
533:
528:
523:
519:
515:
514:
509:
502:
499:
494:
492:9780702068515
488:
484:
483:
475:
472:
468:
467:
461:
459:
455:
451:
450:
447:
444:
442:
438:
437:public domain
424:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
408:
400:
398:
396:
387:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
348:Other animals
347:
345:
343:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
304:
296:
294:
292:
283:
281:
279:
278:maxilla bones
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
238:squamous part
231:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:squamous part
199:
195:
191:
187:
175:
169:
165:
162:
159:
157:
153:
150:
147:
145:
141:
138:
135:
133:
129:
126:
123:
121:
117:
114:
111:
109:
105:
100:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
67:Articulations
65:
60:
53:
48:
41:
36:
31:
19:
18:Frontal bones
1948:
1902:
1889:
1862:Crista galli
1784:
1767:
1682:
1661:
1648:
1593:
1542:
1515:
1498:
1472:Facial canal
1459:Petrous part
1406:Mastoid part
1317:Orbital part
1294:
1267:
1250:
1223:
1126:Basilar part
1103:
1041:
1024:
1013:Nuchal lines
988:
960:Neurocranium
858:Lacrimal sac
670:Ethmoid bone
650:Frontal bone
649:
593:the original
588:
550:
544:
517:
511:
501:
481:
474:
464:
448:
434:
428:
419:Frontal lobe
391:
382:postfrontals
351:
326:
307:
300:
287:
265:
257:
242:orbital part
235:
221:
206:orbital part
193:
190:frontal bone
189:
183:
137:A02.1.03.001
112:
33:Frontal bone
1748:Optic canal
1730:Small wings
1675:Great wings
891:Conjunctiva
513:Circulation
378:prefrontals
354:vertebrates
297:Development
280:laterally.
270:nasal bones
266:nasal notch
262:brow ridges
186:human skull
113:os frontale
102:Identifiers
2002:Categories
1516:canaliculi
1278:Brow ridge
908:Periorbita
425:References
395:prefrontal
374:amphibians
240:, and the
224:(meaning "
96:zygomatics
90:, the two
86:, the two
82:, the two
78:, the two
1954:Posterior
1936:Labyrinth
1773:Pterygoid
1760:processes
1758:Pterygoid
1165:Opisthion
1030:Occipital
972:Occipital
388:Dinosaurs
370:bony fish
362:mammalian
232:Structure
92:lacrimals
80:parietals
1959:Anterior
1883:Surfaces
1778:Scaphoid
1703:Spinosum
1688:Rotundum
1683:foramina
1587:Surfaces
1579:Sphenoid
1545:ossicles
1359:Temporal
1295:internal
1268:foramina
1261:Glabella
1251:external
1181:Parietal
1042:internal
989:external
441:page 135
401:See also
366:reptiles
352:In most
310:ossified
291:sphenoid
274:lacrimal
246:forehead
226:forehead
210:forehead
88:maxillae
72:sphenoid
1992:Anatomy
1842:Ethmoid
1807:Hamulus
1790:Lateral
1698:Vesalii
1543:(note:
1526:Mastoid
1224:Frontal
1104:jugular
1082:Condyle
962:of the
884:Unibrow
879:Eyebrow
788:Canthus
778:Eyelash
690:Muscles
634:of the
536:2197017
342:puberty
284:Borders
250:orbital
184:In the
125:D005624
76:ethmoid
62:Details
1978:Portal
1850:Plates
1795:Medial
1768:fossae
1644:Clivus
1499:fossae
1477:Hiatus
1448:Aditus
1160:Basion
1139:Clivus
1035:Nuchal
1025:planes
753:Tarsus
740:Eyelid
557:
534:
489:
469:(1918)
449:(1918)
322:squama
188:, the
84:nasals
74:, the
1816:Other
1710:Spine
1693:Ovale
1148:Other
994:Inion
964:skull
872:Other
643:Bones
632:orbit
439:from
314:fetal
222:frons
172:[
161:52734
108:Latin
1823:Body
630:The
555:ISBN
532:PMID
487:ISBN
380:and
372:and
276:and
252:and
228:").
218:nose
198:bone
132:TA98
120:MeSH
636:eye
522:doi
192:or
156:FMA
149:520
144:TA2
2004::
587:.
530:.
518:82
516:.
510:.
457:^
368:,
344:.
305:.
1980::
1450:)
1446:(
1425:)
1421:(
996:/
952:e
945:t
938:v
623:e
616:t
609:v
563:.
538:.
524::
495:.
409:.
176:]
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
