306:
204:
123:, probably a cousin of Nuño Velázquez. According to one Portuguese historian, Gómez's mother was Sancha Viegas, daughter of Egas Gómez, but she is not recorded as the wife of either Nuño Velázquez or Nuño Menéndez, whose wife, who appears with her husband in a charter a few days before his death in 1071, was Goncinha (Goncina). Nuño Menéndez rebelled against
20:
353:
Gómez had been a loyal supporter, though only an occasional courtier, of
Alfonso VII from 1126, but sometime between 1138 and 1140 he changed his allegiance to Afonso Henriques, the son of Henry of Portugal. In 1141 Gómez supported the Portuguese invasion of Galicia and was forced into exile, taking
161:), the highest title in the kingdom, and was back in Galicia. where he swore an oath to defend Diego Gelmírez's rights under a recent treaty with the queen. In 1116 Urraca launched an attack on Gómez's Galician lands, but it was repulsed with the aid of Pedro Fróilaz and Theresa, who besieged her in
259:
to the crown in accordance with a judicial ruling. In 1126, shortly after his succession and after Gómez's displays of loyalty, Alfonso VII donated his half of the monastery to Gómez and his brother
Fernando. On 26 July the brothers—with Gómez owning three quarters—donated the whole monastery, with
672:
The King discharged Counts
Rodrigo and Núñez from his service because they had caused discord between himself and the Emperor. Count Gómez Núñez admitted his guilt and repented. He fled across the Pyrenees because there was no place for him to live on the Peninsula. He became a monk at Cluny in
667:
et rex abiecit a se comitem
Rodericum et comitem Gomez Nunnii, pro eo quod ipsi inmiserant discordiam inter imperatorem et regem. Comes Gomez Nunii, ut cognovit se esse reum, verecundatus est, et transiens fugiendo montes Pirineos, vellet nollet, quia non erat ei locus ad habitandum, fecit se
236:. It is unknown if Gómez was present at Ricobayo for the negotiations with the Portuguese, but by the resultant treaty Theresa and Fernando lost control of Tui, Ourense, and other districts north of the Minho. Later that spring, there was a rebellion in Galicia under
267:, a longtime ally of the Leonese monarchy. Although the charter by which Alfonso restored half of the monastery to the Núñez brothers is lost, the king confirmed the donation by a royal privilege of August 1142, at the request of
118:
dated 1104, however, Alfonso is named alongside his siblings
Menendo, Elvira, and Sancho, with no mention of a Gómez. In other sources Gómez's brother is named Fernando. In a document of 1127 this Fernando names his father as
334:) in contemporary documents of Alfonso VII, although his countship was jurisdictional only. It is not clear how long it lasted. A document of 1151 reports a failed attempt to establish a Benedictine monastery at
26:, one of a string along the Galician–Portuguese border held by Gómez. This one was taken by Urraca during her punitive expedition against Gómez in 1116, but she herself ended up besieged and defeated in it.
309:
Twelfth-century depiction of Cluny and its monks. Gómez became one after he supported the failed
Portuguese invasion of 1141. He had forged ties with the monastery with a large donation in 1126.
595:
While Reilly (1982), 291, treats Gómez as holding the county of Toroño, a division of
Galicia, for most of his career, Barton (1997), 256, cites charters between 1129 and 1131, and the
271:, the Cluniac abbot then visiting Spain. This surviving charter records that the boundaries of the monastery's estate were surveyed by royal order at the insistence of Gómez in 1126.
232:
was signed between the
Portugal rulers and the new Leonese king, Alfonso VII, Gómez and his son-in-law, along with most of the Galician nobility swore an oath of fealty to Alfonso at
582:("by these boundaries which count Gómez had requested, when he possessed it, I have confirmed"), cf. Bishko (1965), 330 n100. The charter of the donation of Budiño calls Gómez
220:
By April 1120 Gómez was at the
Portuguese court again, where he remained until at least September 1125. During this period he enabled Theresa and Fernando to hold
298:, who contrived to invade León–Castile simultaneously from both sides. This is probably a mistake, conflating Gómez's actual participation in Rodrigo's revolt of
456:. Although the date forces Gómez and Fernando's birth dates before 1071, there is no other known Nuño Menéndez of the era, cf. Barton (1997), 256.
153:, the highest at court, and he remained with Portuguese court even after Henry's death, until 1114. By November 1115 he held the rank of
625:, and 1141, when Gómez went into exile. The count was apparently acting, not out of spiritual motivation, but of a promise of 100 gold
622:
64:
346:, a large and influential Benedictine house in Galicia, and his wealth and power at the time are indicated by the presence of three
67:. There, according to a contemporary source, he had "a strong site, a fence of castles and a multitude of knights and infantry."
815:
659:, cf. Barton (1997), 256. His co-conspirator, Rodrigo Pérez, was pardoned, cf. Barton (1997), 117. The original Latin of the
354:
refuge in Cluny. A partiality for
Benedictine monasticism seems evident, although in 1128 Gómez had made a donation to the
655:
286:
87:
71:
142:
192:
91:
291:
131:
83:
48:
146:
618:
771:
124:
338:
in the region Tui and how the lay patrons of the new foundation were supported by the lord of the region (
169:
200:. In 1121 he rejoined the other defenders of Diego Gelmírez in Compostela to reaffirm the pact of 1115.
134:
and Mayor Rodríguez de Bárcena, by 1117 at the latest. His children were Fernando and María, who married
810:
384:
229:
663:
account, quoted in Bishko (1965), 331 n102, is reproduced below, with the translation in Lipskey, 97:
179:
135:
751:
268:
183:
99:
120:
114:, who was the eldest son of Nuño Velázquez and Fronilde Sánchez. In a charter of the monastery of
111:
295:
247:
When Gómez's uncle, a certain Count Fernando died sometime before 1126, half of the monastery of
187:
44:
52:
452:
86:. In the early 1120s, after peace had been made between Urraca and Alfonso, he was an ally of
79:
23:
248:
95:
138:. This marriage alliance introduced Fernando into the highest circle of Spanish politics.
707:"The Cluniac Priories of Galicia and Portugal: Their Acquisition and Administration, 1075–
355:
331:
323:
319:
221:
211:, the mountainous power base of Gómez Núñez, guarded, in his time, by a string of castles.
208:
432:
Almeida Fernandes (1978), on the chart between pp. 64–65, followed by Barton (1997), 256.
305:
264:
241:
237:
203:
60:
240:, and Gómez Núñez and Diego Gelmírez were charged with putting it down. They besieged
804:
233:
197:
56:
149:. He was still holding it the next year (1111). By April 1112 he held the office of
580:
per eosdem terminos quibus rogatu comitis Gomes, quando illud possidebat, cautaui
78:(1126–57), and is counted among the Galician leaders of the latter's cause, with
627:
359:
261:
75:
729:
706:
255:), which had belonged to their family since its foundation at an unknown date,
141:
The first record of Gómez dates from March 1110, when he held the fortress of
115:
764:
98:, but his last public act was to throw his support behind Afonso's incipient
335:
150:
19:
281:
785:
343:
276:
748:(London: Variorum Reprints, 1983), chapter 13, with the same pagination.
725:(London: Variorum Reprints, 1983), chapter 11, with the same pagination.
390:
potens situ et munimine castellorum et multitudine equitum atque peditum
172:. In 1118 he was serving Alfonso, still in opposition to his mother, as
168:
In 1117 Gómez aided in the suppression of the revolt of the citizens of
256:
225:
174:
162:
39:
409:) with an array of castles and troops, quoted in Bishko (1965), 328.
294:
in revolt against Alfonso in 1136, in support of the Portuguese and
755:
687:
A. de Almeida Fernandes (1978), "Guimarães, 24 de Junho de 1128",
405:, Gómez "favoured the child king and rebelled against the queen" (
304:
274:
Between February 1129 and March 1131 Gómez was entrusted with the
202:
154:
110:
Portuguese historians have usually considered Gómez a brother of
350:(clerics) at his court, serving as chaplains and secretaries.
795:
The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VII, 1126–1157
302:.1140 with an earlier revolt in which Rodrigo played a part.
757:
The Episcopate in the Kingdom of León in the Twelfth Century
342:), Gómez at the time. Also in 1138 Gómez made a donation to
766:
The Chronicle of Alfonso the Emperor: A Translation of the
482:(majordomo of the palace of count), cf. Bishko (1965), 328.
787:
The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126
94:. He initially supported Alfonso against Theresa's son,
358:, whose rule and organisation was based on that of the
631:
in return, cf. Barton (1997), 136, and Fletcher, 165.
617:
These events can only be dated to between 1131, when
508:
506:
244:
and Arias' other castles, and forced his surrender.
63:
on the west and corresponding approximately with the
16:
Galician and Portuguese military and political leader
649:
His exile is reported in both the near-contemporary
700:
The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile
779:A nobreza medieval portuguesa: A familia e o poder
797:(Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press).
746:Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History, 600–1300
723:Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History, 600–1300
260:all the churches and lands it possessed, to the
182:. That year he was with the army that he forced
781:, Imprensa universitária 19 (Lisbon: Estampa).
419:
417:
415:
228:north of the Minho. In March 1126, after the
8:
407:qui fauebat regi puero et rebellabat reginae
74:(1109–26), he favoured her son, the future
59:, mainly on the north side, bounded by the
599:, only as referring to his rule in Toroño.
790:(Princeton: Princeton University Press).
730:"Peter the Venerable's Journey to Spain"
702:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
130:Gómez married Elvira Pérez, daughter of
18:
375:
190:and subsequently declared Alfonso VII
127:in 1071 and was defeated and killed.
450:The principal source for this is the
318:In 1138 Gómez held the government of
290:(book I, §74) reports that he joined
55:. His power lay in the valley of the
51:political and military leader in the
7:
760:(Oxford: Oxford University Press).
668:monachus in monasterio Cluniacensi
70:In the civil wars of the reign of
14:
480:maiordomus palatii ipsius comitis
388:, quoted in Bishko (1965), 328:
768:Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris.
728:Charles Julian Bishko (1956),
705:Charles Julian Bishko (1965),
1:
763:Glenn Edward Lipskey (1972),
651:Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris
532:Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris
287:Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris
88:Theresa, Countess of Portugal
738:Petrus Venerabilis 1156–1956
560:, cf. Bishko (1965), 329–30.
106:Civil wars of Urraca's reign
653:and the fourteenth-century
832:
793:Bernard F. Reilly (1998),
784:Bernard F. Reilly (1982),
656:Livro de Linhagens do Deão
538:, cf. Barton (1997), 127.
530:An event reported in the
314:Final rebellion and exile
207:The Minho as it flows by
534:, which spells his name
469:, cf. Barton (1997), 37.
147:Henry, Count of Portugal
816:Portuguese Benedictines
772:Northwestern University
744:, 163–75. Reprinted in
721:, 305–58. Reprinted in
675:
465:It is recorded in the
310:
292:Rodrigo Pérez de Traba
284:in Galicia. While the
249:San Salvador de Budiño
216:Service to Alfonso VII
212:
170:Santiago de Compostela
132:Pedro Fróilaz de Traba
84:Pedro Fróilaz de Traba
27:
777:José Mattoso (1981),
698:Simon Barton (1997),
664:
558:Historia compostelana
467:Historia compostelana
403:Historia compostelana
385:Historia compostelana
308:
206:
196:("King of Spain") at
105:
102:. He died in exile.
22:
689:Revista de Guimarães
441:Mattoso (1981), 115.
180:Talavera de la Reina
125:García II of Galicia
752:Richard A. Fletcher
578:The charter reads:
569:Bishko (1965), 327.
556:As recorded in the
547:Reilly (1982), 202.
521:Reilly (1982), 192.
512:Bishko (1965), 329.
500:Reilly (1982), 291.
491:Reilly (1982), 110.
478:His full title was
423:Barton (1997), 256.
269:Peter the Venerable
184:Alfonso the Battler
100:Kingdom of Portugal
770:PhD dissertation,
640:Barton (1997), 60.
311:
230:Treaty of Ricobayo
213:
28:
734:Studia Anselmiana
597:Chronica Adefonsi
453:Chronica Gothorum
401:According to the
90:, and her lover,
43:1071–1141) was a
24:Castle of Sobroso
823:
715:Studia Monastica
676:
647:
641:
638:
632:
615:
609:
608:Lipskey, 55 n34.
606:
600:
593:
587:
576:
570:
567:
561:
554:
548:
545:
539:
528:
522:
519:
513:
510:
501:
498:
492:
489:
483:
476:
470:
463:
457:
448:
442:
439:
433:
430:
424:
421:
410:
399:
393:
380:
96:Afonso Henriques
831:
830:
826:
825:
824:
822:
821:
820:
801:
800:
736:(special issue
684:
679:
671:
648:
644:
639:
635:
616:
612:
607:
603:
594:
590:
577:
573:
568:
564:
555:
551:
546:
542:
529:
525:
520:
516:
511:
504:
499:
495:
490:
486:
477:
473:
464:
460:
449:
445:
440:
436:
431:
427:
422:
413:
400:
396:
381:
377:
373:
368:
356:Knights Templar
326:. He is called
316:
218:
108:
53:Kingdom of León
37:in Portuguese;
17:
12:
11:
5:
829:
827:
819:
818:
813:
803:
802:
799:
798:
791:
782:
775:
761:
749:
726:
703:
696:
683:
680:
678:
677:
642:
633:
610:
601:
588:
571:
562:
549:
540:
523:
514:
502:
493:
484:
471:
458:
443:
434:
425:
411:
394:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
340:dominus terrae
328:comes Tudensis
315:
312:
265:Abbey of Cluny
217:
214:
136:Fernando Yáñez
107:
104:
92:Fernando Pérez
80:Diego Gelmírez
65:Diocese of Tui
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
828:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
806:
796:
792:
789:
788:
783:
780:
776:
773:
769:
767:
762:
759:
758:
753:
750:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
724:
720:
716:
712:
710:
704:
701:
697:
694:
690:
686:
685:
681:
674:
669:
662:
658:
657:
652:
646:
643:
637:
634:
630:
629:
624:
623:Bishop of Tui
620:
614:
611:
605:
602:
598:
592:
589:
585:
584:Gomes Nunides
581:
575:
572:
566:
563:
559:
553:
550:
544:
541:
537:
533:
527:
524:
518:
515:
509:
507:
503:
497:
494:
488:
485:
481:
475:
472:
468:
462:
459:
455:
454:
447:
444:
438:
435:
429:
426:
420:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
398:
395:
391:
387:
386:
379:
376:
370:
365:
363:
361:
357:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
313:
307:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
278:
272:
270:
266:
263:
258:
254:
250:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
215:
210:
205:
201:
199:
195:
194:
193:rex Hispaniae
189:
185:
181:
177:
176:
171:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
145:on behalf of
144:
143:São Cristóvão
139:
137:
133:
128:
126:
122:
121:Nuño Menéndez
117:
113:
112:Alfonso Núñez
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
41:
36:
32:
25:
21:
811:1140s deaths
794:
786:
778:
765:
756:
745:
741:
737:
733:
722:
718:
714:
708:
699:
692:
688:
682:Bibliography
666:
665:
660:
654:
650:
645:
636:
626:
613:
604:
596:
591:
583:
579:
574:
565:
557:
552:
543:
536:Gomez Munici
535:
531:
526:
517:
496:
487:
479:
474:
466:
461:
451:
446:
437:
428:
406:
402:
397:
389:
383:
378:
352:
347:
339:
327:
317:
299:
285:
275:
273:
252:
246:
219:
191:
173:
167:
158:
140:
129:
109:
69:
38:
34:
30:
29:
360:Cistercians
262:Benedictine
238:Arias Pérez
76:Alfonso VII
35:Gomes Nunes
31:Gómez Núñez
805:Categories
366:References
330:(Count of
322:, also in
280:(fief) of
49:Portuguese
628:maravedís
382:From the
336:Barrantes
296:Navarrese
257:escheated
151:majordomo
754:(1978),
695:: 5–145.
661:Chronica
619:Pelagius
344:Celanova
277:tenencia
61:Atlantic
45:Galician
711:. 1230"
673:France.
621:became
348:clerici
324:Galicia
253:Botinio
242:Lobeira
226:Ourense
188:Castile
186:out of
175:alcalde
163:Sobroso
116:Sahagún
40:floruit
282:Toroño
234:Zamora
198:Toledo
72:Urraca
371:Notes
159:comes
155:count
57:Minho
224:and
82:and
47:and
33:(or
740:),
332:Tui
320:Tui
222:Tui
209:Tui
178:of
165:.
807::
742:50
732:,
717:,
713:,
693:88
691:,
505:^
414:^
362:.
774:.
719:7
709:c
670:.
586:.
392:.
300:c
251:(
157:(
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