4046:
604:
Some scholars have argued that the Geats were subjugated by the Swedes, and have suggested various dates for such an event, from the 6th to the 9th centuries. Others have wanted to see a more gradual merging, and that the Geats were slowly subsumed into the more powerful kingdom of Sweden, and in many respects they maintained their own cultural identity during the Middle Ages. Still others have put emphasis on how it was individual rulers, not ethnic groups, who were driving the process towards a unified kingdom, and that the process was very complicated.
647:
3800:
40:
864:), like the Norwegians and the Danes. Surprisingly, it would be the Geatish name that became the common term in the Swedish kingdom. This is possibly related to the fact that several of the medieval Swedish kings were of Geatish extraction and often resided primarily in Götaland. In VÀstergötland and Dalsland, there were also a higher-level division where one or more hÊrrad made up a
961:
931:). The title "King of the Wends" was copied from the Danish title, while the Danish kings called themselves "Kings of the Gotlanders" (which, like "Geats", was translated into "Goths" in Latin). "Wends" is a term normally used to describe the Slavic peoples who inhabited large areas of modern east Germany and Pomerania. See further in the Knowledge (XXG) articles
631:, a Geat, was elected king of the Swedes, and the Geats would be influential in the shaping of Sweden as a Christian kingdom. However, this election also ushered in a long period of civil unrest between Christians and pagans and between Geats and Swedes. The Geats tended to be more Christian, and the Swedes more pagan, which was why the Christian Swedish king
596:
independent nation and had been subsumed by the Swedes. Norwegian and
Icelandic scaldic sources from the 10th century however indicate that they were still politically independent, sometimes opposing Norwegian kings. It has been suggested that their absence from older sources is instead due to their being an inland people.
743:
The distinction between Swedes and Geats lasted during the Middle Ages, but the Geats became increasingly important for
Swedish national claims of greatness due to the Geats' old connection with the Goths. They argued that since the Goths and the Geats were the same nation, and the Geats were part of
595:
Procopius and
Jordanes both mention the Geats, but after them, foreign sources about Scandinavia are scarce until the 9th century, when Anglo-Saxon and Frankish sources do shed some light on the area. In these, the Geats are absent, which has led some scholars to conclude that they were no longer an
603:
have been much debated among
Swedish scholars. The scarcity and sometimes debated veracity of sources has left much room open for interpretation. The oldest medieval Swedish sources present the Swedish kingdom as retaining differences between provinces, in laws as well as in weights and measures.
591:
According to
Procopius there were 13 "very numerous nations" on the Scandinavian peninsula in the 6th century, which is supported by recent archaeological analyses. Several scholars consider this to be a reasonable number of independent kingdoms at the time, with each consisting of one or more
582:
Any peace that eventually settled in southern
Scandinavia was most likely due to exhaustion, and a Danish archaeologist has summarized that in the mid-6th century, and after, Scandinavia "went down to hell". Scandinavian wares appear to have stopped arriving in England, c. 550, suggesting that
748:, 1434, during which the Swedish delegation argued with the Spanish about who among them were the true Goths. The Spaniards argued that it was better to be descended from the heroic Visigoths than from stay-at-homers. This cultural movement, which was not restricted to Sweden went by the name
413:
418:
408:
313:.) The names could also allude to watercourses in the land where they were living, but this is not generally accepted to be the case, partly because that would mean that the names' similarity would be coincidental.
810:
At the same time, the
Swedish ancestors were often referred to as Geats, especially when their heroism or connection to the Goths was to be stressed. This practice disappeared during the 19th century, when the
1438:
There is a hypothesis that the Jutes also were Geats, and which was proposed by Pontus
Fahlbeck in 1884. According to this hypothesis the Geats would have not only resided in southern Sweden but also in
1697:
could refer to West-geats (VĂ€stergötland), East-geats (Ăstergötland) as well as weather-geats (Gotland), in accordance with
Jordanes account of the Scandinanian tribes Gautigoth, Ostrogoth and Vagoth.
880:
Today, the merger of the two nations is complete, as there is no longer any tangible identification in Götaland with a
Geatish identity, apart from the common tendency of residents of the
1772:
1195:. While some serious scholars have attempted to place more emphasis on the Geats in the early history of Sweden than was traditional, VÀstgötaskolan has never reached any acceptance.
1183:
The Götaland theory (Swedish "VÀstgötaskolan") is a disparate group of theories, which have attempted to prove that some events and even places that are traditionally placed around
827:, or districts, which had their own things (popular assemblies) and laws. The largest one of these districts was VÀstergötland (West Geatland), and it was in VÀstergötland that the
1612:, as they are called are supposed to have lived east of the Danes/Dacians and be separated from the Swedes by wide waters. Some researchers have found it a little far-fetched that
1164:, in Sweden, there is a sudden disappearance of villages during this period. Contemporary accounts beginning in the fourth century further associated these groups with the earlier
1187:, especially ones that are associated with the formation of medieval Sweden, instead should be located to VÀstergötland. The methods ranged from relatively scholarly efforts to
896:(East Geats), similarly to how residents of other provinces refer to themselves. The dialects spoken in those provinces and some surrounding areas are also collectively called
592:
tribes, as reported by Jordanes. However, by 1350, these 13 kingdoms had been reduced in number to only two, Norway and Sweden. The Geats were one of the largest tribes.
717:, who in 1125 was riding with his retinue in order to be accepted as king by the different provinces. According to material appended to the oldest manuscript of the
1652:
from the Swedes. The island lies east of Denmark/Dacia and whales were once common in the Baltic Sea where Gotland is situated. The name of the Gutes in Swedish,
1480:
referred to Jutes and he proposed that the Jutes originally also were Geats like those of southern Sweden. This theory was based on an Old English translation of
4045:
1486:
2710:
607:
Papal letters from the 1080s style the recipients as "king of the Swedes" or "king of the West Geats". In another papal letter from the 1160s, the title
1156:(bautastenar) appeared in what is now northern Poland in the 1st century AD, suggesting an influx of Scandinavians during the formation of the Gothic
1071:
It is a long-standing controversy whether the Goths were Geats. Both Old Icelandic and Old English literary sources clearly separate the Geats (Isl.
3757:
1632:
marks a people living at a windy, stormy coast by the sea. The Geats of VÀstergötland were historically an inland people, making an epithet such as
1693:
This theory does not exclude the ancient population of VĂ€stergötland and Ăstergötland from being Geats, but rather holds that the Anglo-Saxon name
1553:. Moreover, SchĂŒck pointed out that when Alfred the Great's translation mentions the Jutes for the second time (book IV, ch. 14(16)) it calls them
3775:
2300:
2092:
1427:
4098:
4091:
2560:
2063:
1990:
1561:. Björkman proposed in 1908 that Alfred the Great's translation of Jutes as Geats was based on a confusion between the West Saxon form
744:
the kingdom of Sweden, this meant that the Swedes had defeated the Roman empire. The earliest attestation of this claim comes from the
43:
Geatish settlements during the 6th century, within the red lines. The green areas show the main areas of North Germanic settlement in
2534:
3836:
2856:
2231:
2190:
2149:
532:
528:. C. 551, some decades after Hygelac's raid, Jordanes described the Geats as a nation which was "bold, and quick to engage in war".
114:
4077:
2818:
4273:
4268:
4066:
3780:
2988:
1402:, which fits the historical position of the Geats between the Danes and the Swedes. Moreover, the story of Beowulf, who leaves
1816:
4204:
3770:
3038:
2843:
2703:
781:
had been vague, both referring to the Swedish tribe and being a collective term including the Geats, and this is the case in
769:, the Swedes and the Geats appear to have begun to perceive themselves as one nation, which is reflected in the evolution of
2635:
946:
decided that his royal title should simply be "King of Sweden". The disappearance of the old title was his decision alone.
1794:
773:
into a common ethnonym. It was originally an adjective referring to those belonging to the Swedish tribe, who are called
611:
is first attested. The Swedish kings began the custom of styling themselves as also the kings of the Geats in the 1270s.
2919:
1581:
3785:
2798:
1911:
3881:
2946:
729:
2670:
1847:
1805:
3803:
2983:
2890:
2883:
2861:
2696:
2585:
Oxenstierna, Graf E.C. : Die Urheimat der Goten. Leipzig, Mannus-Buecherei 73, 1945 (later printed in 1948).
1998:
1972:
1512:
736:
in the 1350s, it was stated that twelve men from each province, chosen by their things, should be present at the
551:
settlements. Defeated Jutes like Hengest and his brother Horsa fled to Kent, while Geats defeated by encroaching
2447:
1886:
535:
included many North Germanic people who were losers in the brutal tribal warfare of Scandinavia. The place-name
4219:
3023:
3008:
2823:
2808:
1411:
1950:
4168:
4108:
3138:
3028:
3018:
3013:
2833:
2813:
2770:
1145:
600:
1644:, meaning "the cape of whales". Whales have for obvious reasons never lived in VĂ€nern, where, according to
670:
noted that the Geats had no say in the election of the king, only the Swedes. When the West Geatish law or
4115:
3540:
2973:
2968:
2951:
2895:
2790:
1658:, is an ablaut-grade of the same name as that of the Geats in Beowulf. These facts made the archaeologist
175:
1426:
court after a naval voyage and kills a beast that has been terrorizing the Danes for two years (see also
309:, meaning "to pour". They have the literal meaning "they who pour their seed". (For more information see
3829:
2838:
2728:
1537:
912:, it may instead have been named after the Geats ('fortress of the Geats') when it was founded in 1621.
1382:. This correspondence seems to tip the balance for most scholars. It is also based on the fact that in
714:
4278:
4209:
4178:
4033:
2929:
2900:
2803:
2410:
2291:
2083:
1932:
1368:
1254:
1232:
412:
369:
302:
138:
130:
793:. The merging/assimilation of the two nations took a long time, however. In the early-20th century,
4214:
4158:
4054:
4028:
3765:
2978:
2214:
Iversen, Frode (2020). "Between Tribe and Kingdom â People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500â1350".
2173:
Iversen, Frode (2020). "Between Tribe and Kingdom â People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500â1350".
2132:
Iversen, Frode (2020). "Between Tribe and Kingdom â People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500â1350".
997:
881:
733:
646:
233:
The Swedish dialects spoken in the areas that used to be inhabited by Geats form a distinct group,
207:
2564:
560:
388:
213:
3863:
3148:
3000:
2939:
2828:
2760:
2736:
2237:
2196:
2155:
1987:
1667:
1192:
916:
851:
828:
795:
341:
329:
143:
1161:
1117:
885:
840:
221:
1535:
Fahlbeck's theory was refuted by SchĂŒck who in 1907 noted that another Old English source, the
1532:). Fahlbeck did not, however, propose an etymology for how the two ethnonyms could be related.
2924:
2775:
2750:
2425:
2227:
2186:
2145:
2059:
1824:
1153:
936:
932:
620:
417:
252:
4153:
4134:
4085:
3822:
3347:
2719:
2666:
2505:
2219:
2178:
2137:
1491:
1415:
1249:
1157:
987:
745:
718:
710:
674:
was put to paper, it reminded the Geats that they had to accept the election of the Swedes:
671:
667:
654:
632:
407:
187:
164:
156:
58:
368:, and the extended meaning of "to pour" is "flow, stream, waterfall", which could refer to
4183:
4173:
2956:
2934:
2878:
2848:
2732:
2538:
2521:
1994:
1976:
1954:
1820:
1809:
1798:
1752:
1711:
943:
1133:
is also a term used by the Romans to describe related, culturally linked tribes like the
694:
1640:
a little strange. Moreover, when Beowulf dies he is buried in a mound at a place called
4283:
4263:
4163:
3895:
3630:
3414:
3078:
2765:
1767:
1481:
1019:
909:
782:
702:
640:
571:. It has also been suggested that East Anglia was settled by Geats at this time, or by
552:
325:
270:
199:
2440:"1129â1130 (Nordisk familjebok / Uggleupplagan. 27. Stockholm-NynĂ€s jĂ€rnvĂ€g â Syrsor)"
4257:
4071:
3491:
3389:
3352:
3312:
3178:
2907:
2866:
2625:
2509:
2241:
2200:
2159:
1645:
824:
737:
662:
624:
505:
1596:
Since the 19th century, there has also been a suggestion that Beowulf's people were
897:
235:
4242:
4127:
3986:
3083:
3073:
3056:
2873:
1813:
1007:
844:
766:
1958:
1747:
1721:
869:
722:
39:
2629:
2299:. Viking Society for Northern Research, University College, London. p. 270.
2091:. Viking Society for Northern Research, University College, London. p. 269.
721:, he decided not to demand hostages as he despised the Geats, and was slain near
4188:
3858:
3565:
3523:
3446:
3359:
3227:
3217:
3128:
2912:
1924:
1659:
1191:. This "school" was brought to prominence in the 1980s following a TV series by
1103:. Moreover, he described that on this island there were three tribes called the
969:
835:. Despite the name, the thing was only for the inhabitants of VÀstergötland and
750:
540:
392:
181:
44:
1690:
in Beowulf, which according to the poem was situated closely to Hrones-naesse.
1068:
There were consequently two derivations from the same Proto-Germanic ethnonym.
643:, in the 1080s. Inge would retake the throne and rule until his death c. 1100.
4237:
4013:
3991:
3979:
3927:
3742:
3530:
3513:
3461:
3451:
3436:
3404:
3394:
3272:
3222:
3098:
3093:
3061:
2780:
2223:
2182:
2141:
1791:
1184:
1138:
905:
706:
636:
564:
539:
marks the site of Geatish settlement, often alongside strategically important
501:
191:
1129:?) â this implies that the Geats were Goths rather than vice versa. The word
680:"It is the Swedes who have the right of choosing and also deposing the king"
3932:
3737:
3732:
3722:
3655:
3560:
3456:
3419:
3409:
3369:
3322:
3317:
3267:
3207:
3133:
3123:
3103:
3066:
3051:
1727:
1372:
1244:
1224:
683:
556:
544:
465:
30:
This article is about the North Germanic tribe. For the Thracian tribe, see
3947:
1617:
1648:, Beowulf is buried. However, an expanse of water separates the island of
4232:
4008:
3996:
3942:
3937:
3922:
3917:
3900:
3710:
3695:
3675:
3660:
3640:
3615:
3600:
3595:
3575:
3545:
3535:
3486:
3476:
3471:
3302:
3287:
3262:
3242:
3212:
3202:
3197:
3168:
3163:
3153:
3088:
3046:
2755:
2513:
1666:
may have been Gutes. This was supported by another Swedish archaeologist
1134:
1092:
860:
836:
698:
572:
449:
186:("land of the Geats") in modern southern Sweden from antiquity until the
151:
2658:
1841:
1802:
1410:
court after a naval voyage, where he kills a beast, finds a parallel in
960:
4023:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3910:
3868:
3846:
3727:
3715:
3705:
3680:
3670:
3665:
3645:
3635:
3610:
3550:
3508:
3481:
3399:
3332:
3327:
3307:
3297:
3252:
3247:
3237:
3232:
3173:
3158:
3108:
2517:
2041:
Margary, Ivan D. (1973). Roman Roads in Britain, 3rd ed. London: Baker.
1928:
1787:
1716:
1649:
1601:
1468:
1444:
1440:
1384:
1188:
1149:
1100:
978:
919:
was "King of Sweden" (earlier: of the Swedes), the Geats/Goths and the
628:
509:
488:
482:
461:
441:
227:
2439:
2423:
The earliest attestation of this meaning is from the mid-15th century
1966:
1878:
4227:
4001:
3747:
3700:
3685:
3650:
3625:
3590:
3585:
3518:
3503:
3441:
3379:
3364:
3342:
3292:
3282:
3277:
3190:
3185:
3143:
3113:
1931:
according to the etymology sentences in their respective articles in
1914:, Uppsala 2003, pages 103 och 92 (articles "Götaland" and "Gotland").
1706:
812:
521:
520:
where he is called "Rege Gotorum". These sources concern a raid into
195:
17:
1879:"887â888 (Nordisk familjebok / Uggleupplagan. 10. Gossler â Harris)"
2688:
3974:
3620:
3605:
3580:
3570:
3555:
3498:
3466:
3431:
3426:
3384:
3257:
3118:
2961:
2501:
2497:
1944:
1654:
1597:
1423:
1407:
1394:
1166:
1126:
1096:
1080:
1032:
959:
955:
920:
908:) has formerly been considered to have been named after the river
832:
548:
473:
310:
289:
283:
203:
38:
31:
2119:
The Origins of Beowulf, and the Pre-Viking Kingdom of East Anglia
3905:
3690:
3337:
1670:. According to Rausing, Beowulf may be buried in a place called
1576:, it may be a secondary formation of the toponym Jutland, where
263:
248:
226:, the western and eastern lands of the Geats, and in many other
3818:
2692:
425:
Mentions of Geats, Sea-Geats and Wederas in the manuscript of
64:
440:
The earliest known surviving mention of the Geats appears in
1472:
also mentions both Geats and Jutes, and it calls the latter
364:(as mentioned above) derives from the Proto-Germanic word *
85:
82:
3814:
516:
where he is referred to as "Rex Getarum" and in a copy of
100:
97:
79:
61:
1773:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1476:. However, Fahlbeck proposed in 1884 that the GÄatas of
575:
who also came from Götaland, bringing the traditions of
2010:
Michael Alexander's 1995 (Penguin Classics) edition of
942:
The titles, however, changed in 1973 when the new king
395:, a meaning which is retained in some Icelandic sagas.
387:, which originally referred to just the inhabitants of
1454:
as different tribes, and whereas the Geats are called
815:
gradually took over the role as the heroic ancestors.
1203:
The generally accepted identification of Old English
1148:(domarringar), which are most common in Götaland and
1064:). The word comes from an Indo-European root meaning
929:
N.N. Dei Gratia, Suecorum, Gothorum et Vandalorum Rex
115:
106:
91:
70:
789:) appear both as a proper nation and as part of the
336:). It might also have been a conflation of the word
103:
88:
67:
4197:
4146:
4053:
3877:
3756:
3037:
2999:
2789:
2743:
1827:
and some modern scholarly works on Germanic tribes.
352:, 'River of the Geats', replaced the earlier names
320:is that it means the Goths who live near the river
76:
823:The Geats were traditionally divided into several
1141:, so it may be correct to label Geats as Goths.
1052:are two ablaut grades of a Proto-Germanic word *
635:fled to VÀstergötland when deposed in favour of
2389:. The Swedish Institute, Stockholm. p. 18.
2344:. Viktoria Bokförlag, AlingsĂ„s. pp. 58â59.
2264:. Uppsala: Almquist & Wiksell. p. 131.
1398:(across the sea) and in close contact with the
381:
2473:. SprÄk och folkminnesinstitutet. p. 103.
2329:. Viktoria Bokförlag, AlingsĂ„s. pp. 9â10.
2058:. London: Reaction Books Limited. p. 56.
666:(book 13), the Danish 12th-century chronicler
3830:
2704:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2537:(in Polish). Muzarp.poznan.pl. Archived from
601:how Geats and Swedes came to form one kingdom
219:
211:
206:. The name of the Geats also lives on in the
179:
8:
2216:Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia
2175:Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia
2134:Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia
2077:
2075:
1487:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
2735:origin primarily identified as speakers of
2400:
2398:
2396:
2279:. Viktoria Bokförlag, AlingsÄs. p. 12.
1965:in records from the 13th century. See also
1835:
1833:
1056:with the meaning "to pour" (modern Swedish
3837:
3823:
3815:
2711:
2697:
2689:
2599:. Stockholm: Atlantis. pp. 33â34, 90.
2049:
2047:
705:to be judged to be the lawful king by the
1682:. Not far from there lies a place called
1466:(dative). Moreover, the Old English poem
1450:The Geats and the Jutes are mentioned in
1144:Scandinavian burial customs, such as the
850:Unlike the Swedes, who used the division
777:in Swedish. As early as the 9th century,
697:, the Geatish provinces and then through
2255:
2253:
2251:
1674:on Gotland, a name corresponding to the
1237:
1095:wrote that the Goths came originally to
831:was held every year, in the vicinity of
645:
444:(2nd century AD), who refers to them as
3776:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England
2359:. Liber, Stockholm. pp. 58, 70â74.
1961:, which says that KlarÀlven was called
1739:
1604:in Sweden). According to the poem, the
587:Political centralization in Scandinavia
2374:. Bonniers, Stockholm. pp. 86â88.
1970:, the article "Göta Àlv" (in Swedish).
1219:monophthong of modern Swedish and the
676:SveĂŠr egho konong at taka ok sva vrĂŠkĂŠ
651:SveĂŠr egho konong at taka ok sva vrĂŠkĂŠ
316:A more specific theory about the word
150:
137:
4092:Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary
2673:from the original on 24 November 2007
2485:The Oxford English Dictionary Online.
1215:is based on the observation that the
915:Until 1973 the official title of the
524:, ca 516, which is also described in
163:
7:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1170:of Dacia, but this is now disputed.
2450:from the original on 3 January 2007
1923:An interpretation of both names of
1572:As for the origins of the ethnonym
1516:which identifies the Geats through
1428:Origins for Beowulf and HrĂłlf Kraki
653:and the following sentences in the
567:, originally the settlement of the
305:grades of the Proto-Germanic word *
2638:from the original on 20 April 2023
2031:. Stockholm: Atlantis. p. 43.
807:as a name for the Swedish people.
391:, or the western parts of today's
25:
2306:from the original on 11 July 2021
2098:from the original on 11 July 2021
1889:from the original on 3 March 2016
1850:from the original on 4 March 2014
1620:in VÀstergötland or MÀlaren. The
925:Sveriges, Götes och Vendes konung
713:. One of these Swedish kings was
639:, a king more favourable towards
623:became extinct with the death of
619:In the 11th century, the Swedish
533:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain
4078:Beowulf: A New Verse Translation
4044:
3799:
3798:
2177:. De Gruyter. pp. 245â304.
1662:come to the conclusion that the
1207:as the same ethnonym as Swedish
599:The nature and the processes of
416:
411:
406:
57:
3781:Christianization of Scandinavia
2561:"Gothic Connections | Abstract"
1912:SprÄk- och folkminnesinstitutet
765:After the 15th century and the
348:. In the 17th century the name
4102:: The Monsters and the Critics
3771:Christianization of the Franks
2844:Continental Germanic mythology
2634:. Stockholm: Ivar Haeggström.
1776:(5th ed.). HarperCollins.
1753:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1010:at its greatest extent, 117 AD
402:
1:
2535:"The Goths in Greater Poland"
2357:Sveriges historia: Medeltiden
2262:Ortnamn och ortnamnsforskning
1115:(cf. the Swedish province of
740:when a new king was elected.
732:of Sweden that was issued by
1091:); but the Gothic historian
360:. The etymology of the word
3786:Christianization of Iceland
2631:Det Svenska Rikets Uppkomst
2218:. De Gruyter. p. 295.
2136:. De Gruyter. p. 250.
1792:translations from Old Norse
691:"with hostages from above "
198:, along with the tribes of
4300:
2387:Swedish History in Outline
2121:. D. S. Brewer, Cambridge.
1948:, the article (in Swedish)
1000:, in the early 4th century
990:, in the early 3rd century
953:
888:to refer to themselves as
257:The etymology of the name
246:
170:
29:
4042:
3854:
3794:
2726:
2663:Svensk etymologisk ordbok
2595:Larsson, Mats G. (2004).
2293:Beowulf, Swedes and Geats
2224:10.1515/9783110421101-004
2183:10.1515/9783110421101-004
2142:10.1515/9783110421101-004
2085:Beowulf, Swedes and Geats
2027:Larsson, Mats G. (2004).
1999:Svenska Akademiens Ordbok
1993:26 September 2011 at the
1843:Svensk etymologisk ordbok
1066:to pour, offer sacrifice.
785:'s work where the Geats (
301:). The names derive from
220:
212:
180:
3024:North Germanic languages
3009:Germanic parent language
2657:Hellquist, Elof (1922).
2471:Svenskt ortnamndslexikon
2385:Weibull, Jörgen (1993).
2370:Henriksson, Alf (1963).
2342:NĂ€r Sverige blev Sverige
2327:NĂ€r Sverige blev Sverige
2277:NĂ€r Sverige blev Sverige
1840:Hellquist, Elof. "göt".
1797:11 December 2005 at the
1506:(genitive) and twice as
372:or to the river itself.
281:) is similar to that of
27:Northern Germanic people
4109:Beowulf and the Critics
3029:West Germanic languages
3019:East Germanic languages
3014:Proto-Germanic language
2834:Proto-Germanic folklore
2771:Romano-Germanic culture
2469:Wahlberg, Mats (2003).
2355:Harrison, Dick (2002).
1908:Svenskt ortnamnslexikon
1819:8 November 2014 at the
1510:(dative) (see e.g. the
1502:) once are rendered as
1458:, the Jutes are called
609:rex Sweorum et Gothorum
382:
333:
264:
147:
134:
4274:North Germanic peoples
4269:Early Germanic peoples
2340:Sawyer, Peter (1991).
2325:Sawyer, Peter (1991).
2275:Sawyer, Peter (1991).
1790:(on Swedish history),
1557:and in one manuscript
1199:Identity of the GÄatas
1012:
657:
512:finds confirmation in
448:. In the 6th century,
190:. They are one of the
160:
48:
2839:Anglo-Saxon mythology
2729:Ethnolinguistic group
2446:. 22 September 1918.
2290:Farrel, R.T. (1972).
2260:StÄhl, Harry (1976).
2082:Farrel, R.T. (1972).
2054:Shippey, Tom (2018).
1975:7 August 2011 at the
1885:. 22 September 1909.
1808:4 August 2020 at the
1686:corresponding to the
1538:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
963:
884:of VÀstergötland and
649:
247:Further information:
42:
4210:Anglo-Saxon paganism
4067:List of translations
2411:Nationalencyklopedin
2117:Newton, Sam (1993).
2056:Laughing Shall I Die
2014:mentions a variant:
1968:Nationalencyklopedin
1946:Nationalencyklopedin
1933:Nationalencyklopedin
1600:(from the island of
977: The island of
900:. Although the city
839:. The equivalent in
803:had almost replaced
709:of their respective
583:contact was broken.
178:tribe who inhabited
168:), sometimes called
4215:Battle of Finnsburg
4159:Michael D. C. Drout
3766:Gothic Christianity
1582:Proto-Indo-European
1541:, called the Jutes
1422:and arrives at the
1406:and arrives at the
1378:and modern Swedish
1240:
1099:from the island of
998:Chernyakhov culture
559:where they founded
518:Historiae Francorum
460:(the Ostrogoths of
3864:Alliterative verse
3149:Germani cisrhenani
2857:Funerary practices
2761:Pre-Roman Iron Age
2737:Germanic languages
1953:2 May 2014 at the
1756:. Merriam-Webster.
1592:Gutnish hypothesis
1580:is derived from a
1447:would have lived.
1412:HrĂłlf Kraki's saga
1238:
1227:correspond to the
1013:
968: Traditional
923:(with the formula
829:Thing of all Geats
796:Nordisk familjebok
715:Ragnvald Knaphövde
687:"mĂŠĂŸ gislum ofvan"
658:
615:Dynastic struggles
379:was the Old Norse
375:The short form of
165:[ËjĂžÌËtar]
152:[ËÉĄÉuÌŻtÉr]
49:
4251:
4250:
3812:
3811:
2984:Gothic and Vandal
2776:Germanic Iron Age
2751:Nordic Bronze Age
2733:Northern European
2567:on 21 August 2004
2426:Swedish Chronicle
2372:Svensk historia I
2065:978-1-78023-909-5
1825:Primary Chronicle
1788:Microsoft Encarta
1588:meaning "water".
1494:where the Jutes (
1434:Jutish hypothesis
1392:live east of the
1361:
1360:
1079:) from the Goths/
937:King of the Wends
933:King of the Goths
892:(West Geats) and
854:, the Geats used
682:and then he rode
433:
432:
370:TrollhÀttan Falls
311:Goths § Etymology
253:Name of the Goths
208:Swedish provinces
194:groups of modern
139:[ËjĂŠÉtÉs]
16:(Redirected from
4291:
4223:and Middle-Earth
4154:Nora K. Chadwick
4135:Finn and Hengest
4123:
4086:J. R. R. Tolkien
4048:
4029:Grendel's mother
3839:
3832:
3825:
3816:
3802:
3801:
3758:Christianization
3348:Ripuarian Franks
2720:Germanic peoples
2713:
2706:
2699:
2690:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2667:Project Runeberg
2654:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2622:
2601:
2600:
2592:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2563:. Archived from
2557:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2531:
2525:
2522:Slavic languages
2494:
2488:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2436:
2430:
2421:
2415:
2402:
2391:
2390:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2305:
2298:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2257:
2246:
2245:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2097:
2090:
2079:
2070:
2069:
2051:
2042:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2024:
2018:
2008:
2002:
1985:
1979:
1942:
1936:
1921:
1915:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1875:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1837:
1828:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1744:
1492:Alfred the Great
1414:. In this saga,
1287:onion, cf. leek
1241:
1239:Correspondences
1158:Wielbark culture
1060:, modern German
1005:
995:
988:Wielbark culture
985:
976:
967:
858:(modern Swedish
746:Council of Basel
719:Westrogothic law
672:Westrogothic law
668:Saxo Grammaticus
655:Westrogothic law
514:Liber Monstrorum
420:
415:
410:
403:
385:
267:
225:
224:
217:
216:
188:Late Middle Ages
185:
184:
167:
154:
141:
126:
122:
118:
113:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
21:
4299:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4193:
4184:Geoffrey Russom
4174:Leonard Neidorf
4142:
4121:
4116:On Translating
4056:
4049:
4040:
3879:
3873:
3850:
3843:
3813:
3808:
3790:
3752:
3033:
2995:
2957:Gothic alphabet
2849:Norse mythology
2785:
2739:
2722:
2717:
2687:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2641:
2639:
2624:
2623:
2604:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2570:
2568:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2544:
2542:
2541:on 30 June 2001
2533:
2532:
2528:
2495:
2491:
2482:
2478:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2422:
2418:
2403:
2394:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2259:
2258:
2249:
2234:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2193:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2152:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2053:
2052:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2009:
2005:
1995:Wayback Machine
1986:
1982:
1977:Wayback Machine
1955:Wayback Machine
1943:
1939:
1922:
1918:
1906:
1902:
1892:
1890:
1877:
1876:
1863:
1853:
1851:
1839:
1838:
1831:
1821:Wayback Machine
1810:Wayback Machine
1799:Wayback Machine
1785:
1781:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1712:Geatish Society
1703:
1594:
1436:
1259:Modern English
1201:
1181:
1179:Götaland theory
1176:
1174:Fringe theories
1160:. Moreover, in
1018:was originally
1011:
1003:
1001:
993:
991:
983:
981:
974:
972:
965:
958:
952:
944:Carl XVI Gustaf
878:
821:
734:Magnus Eriksson
730:new general law
617:
589:
438:
401:
255:
245:
174:, were a large
124:
120:
116:
96:
75:
60:
56:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4297:
4295:
4287:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4255:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4164:Robert D. Fulk
4161:
4156:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4139:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4112:
4105:
4095:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4069:
4063:
4061:
4051:
4050:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4006:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3920:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3887:
3885:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3819:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3762:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3415:Thracian Goths
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3043:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3005:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2949:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2795:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2766:Roman Iron Age
2763:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2693:
2685:
2684:
2665:(in Swedish).
2649:
2626:Nerman, Birger
2602:
2597:Götarnas riken
2587:
2578:
2552:
2526:
2489:
2476:
2461:
2431:
2416:
2392:
2377:
2362:
2347:
2332:
2317:
2282:
2267:
2247:
2232:
2206:
2191:
2165:
2150:
2124:
2109:
2071:
2064:
2043:
2034:
2029:Götarnas riken
2019:
2003:
1980:
1937:
1916:
1900:
1861:
1846:(in Swedish).
1829:
1779:
1759:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1724:(Geatish Dyke)
1719:
1714:
1709:
1702:
1699:
1593:
1590:
1565:("Jutes") and
1490:attributed to
1482:Venerable Bede
1462:(genitive) or
1435:
1432:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1211:and Old Norse
1200:
1197:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1020:Proto-Germanic
1002:
992:
982:
973:
964:
954:Main article:
951:
948:
877:
874:
825:petty kingdoms
820:
817:
783:Adam of Bremen
754:or in Swedish
641:Norse paganism
633:Inge the Elder
621:House of Munsö
616:
613:
588:
585:
452:writes of the
437:
434:
431:
430:
422:
421:
400:
397:
271:Proto-Germanic
244:
241:
176:North Germanic
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4296:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4196:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4179:John D. Niles
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4169:Kevin Kiernan
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4125:
4120:
4119:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4072:Seamus Heaney
4070:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4052:
4047:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3876:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3840:
3835:
3833:
3828:
3826:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3805:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
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1688:Earnar-naesse
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1680:Hrones-naesse
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1664:weather-Geats
1661:
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1646:Birger Nerman
1643:
1642:Hrones-naesse
1639:
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1626:weather-geats
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1230:
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1146:stone circles
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876:Modern legacy
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738:Stone of Mora
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663:Gesta Danorum
656:
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625:Emund the Old
622:
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506:Geatish kings
504:name several
503:
499:
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491:
490:
485:
484:
479:
476:know them as
475:
471:
467:
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436:Early history
435:
428:
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398:
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389:VÀstergötland
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261:(Old English
260:
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214:VÀstergötland
209:
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127:
111:
54:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4243:Nowell Codex
4220:
4133:
4128:Sellic Spell
4117:
4107:
4099:
4090:
4076:
4057:
3987:Waegmundings
3890:
3845:
3374:
3084:Anglo-Saxons
3074:Adrabaecampi
3057:Bucinobantes
2799:Architecture
2675:. Retrieved
2662:
2659:"Jut-, Jute"
2652:
2640:. Retrieved
2630:
2596:
2590:
2581:
2569:. Retrieved
2565:the original
2555:
2543:. Retrieved
2539:the original
2529:
2492:
2484:
2479:
2470:
2464:
2452:. Retrieved
2444:runeberg.org
2443:
2434:
2424:
2419:
2409:
2405:
2404:The article
2386:
2380:
2371:
2365:
2356:
2350:
2341:
2335:
2326:
2320:
2308:. Retrieved
2292:
2285:
2276:
2270:
2261:
2215:
2209:
2174:
2168:
2133:
2127:
2118:
2112:
2100:. Retrieved
2084:
2055:
2037:
2028:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2006:
1983:
1967:
1962:
1945:
1940:
1919:
1907:
1903:
1891:. Retrieved
1883:runeberg.org
1882:
1852:. Retrieved
1842:
1782:
1771:
1762:
1751:
1742:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1663:
1653:
1641:
1637:
1633:
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1625:
1621:
1613:
1609:
1605:
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1571:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1437:
1419:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1364:
1362:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1182:
1165:
1162:Ăstergötland
1143:
1130:
1122:
1118:Ăstergötland
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1088:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1008:Roman Empire
941:
928:
924:
917:Swedish king
914:
901:
893:
889:
886:Ăstergötland
879:
868:linked to a
865:
859:
855:
849:
845:Lionga thing
841:Ăstergötland
822:
809:
804:
800:
794:
790:
786:
778:
774:
770:
767:Kalmar Union
764:
759:
755:
749:
742:
727:
695:Södermanland
690:
686:
679:
675:
661:
659:
650:
618:
608:
606:
598:
594:
590:
581:
576:
568:
561:Gillingshire
536:
530:
525:
517:
513:
497:
493:
487:
481:
477:
472:. The Norse
469:
457:
453:
445:
439:
426:
380:
376:
374:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
337:
321:
317:
315:
306:
298:
294:
288:
282:
278:
274:
262:
258:
256:
234:
232:
222:Ăstergötland
169:
52:
50:
36:
4205:Adaptations
4189:Tom Shippey
4055:Translating
3859:Old English
3524:Nahanarvali
3447:Hilleviones
3360:Frisiavones
3228:Cananefates
3218:Burgundians
3129:Banochaemae
2979:Anglo-Saxon
2930:Anglo-Saxon
2896:Anglo-Saxon
2879:Anglo-Saxon
2862:Anglo-Saxon
2677:21 November
2642:24 December
1803:Anglo-Saxon
1668:Bo GrÀslund
1660:Gad Rausing
1616:relates to
1614:wide waters
1569:("Geats").
1369:Old English
1255:Old English
1233:Old English
1193:Dag StÄlsjö
927:, in Latin
799:noted that
751:Gothicismus
707:lawspeakers
703:VĂ€stmanland
579:with them.
543:and nearby
541:Roman roads
508:, but only
502:Norse sagas
131:Old English
45:Scandinavia
4258:Categories
4034:The Dragon
4014:Wealhtheow
3980:Ongentheow
3882:characters
3743:Vinoviloth
3531:Marcomanni
3514:Helveconae
3492:HeaĂ°obards
3462:Istvaeones
3452:Ingaevones
3437:Hermunduri
3405:Ostrogoths
3395:Greuthungi
3273:Chattuarii
3099:Angrivarii
3094:Ampsivarii
3062:Lentienses
2891:Literature
2781:Viking Age
2454:4 December
1734:References
1139:Greuthungs
1113:Ostrogoths
1105:Gautigoths
1038:Gotlanders
906:Gothenburg
684:Eriksgatan
637:Blot-Sweyn
545:Visigothic
468:refers to
458:Ostrogoths
454:Gautigoths
377:Gautigoths
324:, today's
318:Gautigoths
297:, plural *
277:, plural *
192:progenitor
4020:Monsters
3955:Scylfings
3933:Healfdene
3923:Scyldings
3738:Vidivarii
3733:Victohali
3723:Vangiones
3656:Thuringii
3561:Nuithones
3457:Irminones
3420:Visigoths
3410:Thervingi
3370:Gambrivii
3323:Dulgubnii
3318:Dauciones
3268:Chasuarii
3208:Brondings
3134:Bastarnae
3124:Baiuvarii
3104:Armalausi
3067:Raetovari
3001:Languages
2969:Symbology
2829:Folklore
2824:Festivals
2571:21 August
2483:"god" in
2310:18 August
2242:213596339
2201:213596339
2160:213596339
2102:18 August
1959:KlarÀlven
1728:Varangian
1722:Götavirke
1630:sea-geats
1610:sea-geats
1373:Old Norse
1245:Old Norse
1225:Old Norse
1109:Geat/Gaut
890:vÀstgötar
882:provinces
870:kongsgÄrd
760:Geaticism
723:Falköping
569:Geatlings
557:Yorkshire
555:moved to
466:Procopius
330:Old Norse
269:, from a
243:Etymology
144:Old Norse
4279:Götaland
4233:Hrunting
4147:Scholars
4009:Wulfings
3997:Weohstan
3938:Heorogar
3918:Hundings
3901:Heardred
3804:Category
3711:Hasdingi
3696:Usipetes
3676:Tubantes
3661:Toxandri
3641:Tencteri
3616:Suarines
3601:Sicambri
3596:Semnones
3576:Reudigni
3546:Mattiaci
3536:Marsacii
3487:Lombards
3477:Lacringi
3472:Juthungi
3303:Corconti
3288:Cherusci
3263:Charudes
3243:Chaedini
3213:Bructeri
3198:Bateinoi
3169:Eburones
3164:Condrusi
3159:Caeroesi
3154:Atuatuci
3089:Ambrones
3052:Brisgavi
3047:Alemanni
2925:Paganism
2814:Clothing
2809:Calendar
2756:Germania
2671:Archived
2636:Archived
2628:(1925).
2514:Slovenes
2448:Archived
2301:Archived
2093:Archived
1991:Archived
1973:Archived
1963:Gautelfr
1951:Archived
1925:Götaland
1887:Archived
1848:Archived
1823:and the
1817:Archived
1806:Archived
1795:Archived
1701:See also
1634:weather-
1443:, where
1420:Gautland
1404:Geatland
1371:form of
1137:and the
1135:Tervingi
1093:Jordanes
1087:, OEng.
1040:) were *
970:Götaland
910:Göta Àlv
902:Göteborg
894:östgötar
837:Dalsland
756:Göticism
693:through
678:meaning
573:Wulfings
500:and the
450:Jordanes
393:Götaland
358:Gautelfr
354:GötÀlven
350:Göta Àlv
334:Gautelfr
326:Göta Àlv
228:toponyms
182:Götaland
4238:NĂŠgling
4221:Beowulf
4198:Related
4118:Beowulf
4100:Beowulf
4058:Beowulf
4024:Grendel
3992:EcgĂŸeow
3970:Ohthere
3965:Eanmund
3960:Eadgils
3943:HroĂ°gar
3928:Ăschere
3911:Hygelac
3896:Beowulf
3869:Kenning
3847:Beowulf
3728:Varisci
3716:Silingi
3706:Vandals
3681:Tulingi
3671:Triboci
3666:Treveri
3646:Teutons
3636:Taifals
3611:Sitones
3551:Nemetes
3509:Helisii
3482:Lemovii
3400:Gutones
3333:Firaesi
3328:Favonae
3308:Cugerni
3298:Cobandi
3253:Chamavi
3248:Chaemae
3238:Casuari
3233:Caritni
3203:Betasii
3174:Paemani
3109:Auiones
2974:Warfare
2952:Scripts
2920:Numbers
2744:History
2545:14 June
2518:Slovaks
2487:(2006).
2012:Beowulf
1929:Gotland
1893:6 March
1854:1 March
1684:Arnkull
1650:Gotland
1622:weather
1602:Gotland
1496:iutarum
1478:Beowulf
1469:Widsith
1464:Äotenum
1452:Beowulf
1445:Beowulf
1441:Jutland
1418:leaves
1385:Beowulf
1367:is the
1250:Swedish
1189:dowsing
1185:MĂ€laren
1150:Gotland
1123:Vagoths
1111:), the
1101:Scandza
1089:Gotenas
1075:, OEng
1062:giessen
1050:Gutaniz
1042:Gutaniz
979:Gotland
898:götamÄl
852:hundare
819:Society
813:vikings
791:Sueones
758:, i.e.
660:In his
629:Stenkil
577:Beowulf
563:by the
547:and/or
526:Beowulf
510:Hygelac
498:Beowulf
489:Widsith
483:Beowulf
464:); and
462:Scandza
442:Ptolemy
427:Beowulf
399:History
340:with a
307:geutanÄ
299:Gutaniz
236:GötamÄl
157:Swedish
4228:Heorot
4002:Wiglaf
3948:UnferĂ°
3748:Warini
3701:Vagoth
3686:Tungri
3651:Thelir
3631:Swedes
3626:Sunici
3591:Saxons
3586:Rugini
3519:Manimi
3504:Diduni
3442:Heruli
3380:Gepids
3365:Frisii
3343:Franks
3293:Cimbri
3283:Chauci
3278:Chatti
3191:Nervii
3186:Morini
3144:Belgae
3139:Batavi
3114:Avarpi
3079:Angles
3039:Groups
2989:Viking
2935:Gothic
2913:Gothic
2819:Family
2506:Polans
2240:
2230:
2199:
2189:
2158:
2148:
2062:
2016:GÄotas
1957:about
1768:"Geat"
1748:"Geat"
1707:Blenda
1676:Hrones
1628:, and
1618:VĂ€nern
1584:root *
1567:GÄatas
1563:Geotas
1530:GeĂĄtas
1508:gÄatum
1460:Äotena
1456:gÄatas
1424:Danish
1408:Danish
1390:GÄatas
1388:, the
1376:Gautar
1365:GÄatas
1363:Thus,
1343:death
1329:dream
1320:draumr
1273:bread
1213:gautar
1205:GÄatas
1154:stelae
1152:, and
1121:) and
1083:(Isl.
1077:Geatas
1073:Gautar
1054:geutan
1046:Gautoz
1024:Gautoz
1016:Geatas
1006:
1004:
996:
994:
986:
984:
975:
966:
856:hĂŠrrad
801:svensk
771:svensk
711:things
553:Swedes
549:Jutish
522:Frisia
494:GÄatas
478:Gautar
470:Gautoi
446:Goutai
383:Gautar
366:geutan
303:ablaut
279:GautĆz
275:Gautaz
265:Geatas
200:Swedes
196:Swedes
148:gautar
135:gÄatas
123:-Éts,
117:GHEETS
4284:Goths
4264:Geats
3975:Onela
3891:Geats
3878:Clans
3621:Suebi
3606:Sciri
3581:Rugii
3571:Quadi
3556:Njars
3541:Marsi
3499:Lugii
3467:Jutes
3432:Harii
3427:Gutes
3385:Goths
3375:Geats
3313:Danes
3258:Chali
3179:Segni
3119:Baemi
2962:Runes
2947:Rings
2940:Norse
2908:Names
2901:Norse
2884:Norse
2867:Norse
2510:Poles
2502:Sorbs
2498:Serbs
2406:Svear
2304:(PDF)
2297:(PDF)
2238:S2CID
2197:S2CID
2156:S2CID
2096:(PDF)
2089:(PDF)
1988:Götar
1814:Latin
1786:E.g.
1655:Gutar
1598:Gutes
1559:Èłtena
1551:Ä«utum
1547:Ä«otum
1543:Ä«utna
1526:IĂștan
1522:IĂłtas
1518:Eotas
1504:gÄata
1500:iutis
1400:Sweon
1380:Götar
1348:rauĂ°r
1334:dauĂ°r
1326:drÄam
1315:east
1306:austr
1301:leaf
1278:laukr
1270:brÄad
1264:brauĂ°
1209:götar
1167:Getae
1127:Gutar
1107:(cf.
1097:Dacia
1085:Gotar
1081:Gutar
1058:gjuta
1048:and *
1033:Gutar
1028:Goths
956:Goths
950:Goths
921:Wends
861:hÀrad
833:Skara
805:svear
787:Goths
779:svear
775:svear
728:In a
699:NĂ€rke
537:-gate
474:Sagas
346:Goths
342:gloss
338:Gauti
290:Gutes
284:Goths
204:Gutes
171:Goths
161:götar
53:Geats
32:Getae
18:Götar
3906:Hygd
3691:Ubii
3338:Fosi
3223:Buri
2679:2007
2644:2020
2573:2004
2547:2010
2516:and
2508:and
2500:and
2496:cf.
2456:2006
2312:2021
2228:ISBN
2187:ISBN
2146:ISBN
2104:2021
2060:ISBN
1927:and
1895:2011
1856:2014
1717:Göta
1695:Geat
1672:Rone
1638:sea-
1574:Jute
1555:Äota
1528:and
1474:Èłtum
1395:Dani
1357:red
1354:rÄad
1340:dÄaĂ°
1323:dröm
1312:Äast
1298:lÄaf
1292:lauf
1284:lÄac
1267:bröd
1131:Goth
1030:and
1026:and
935:and
843:was
701:and
565:Tees
531:The
486:and
456:and
362:Gaut
356:and
322:Gaut
295:GutĂŽ
287:and
259:Geat
251:and
249:Gaut
218:and
202:and
125:YATS
51:The
3566:Osi
2874:Law
2804:Art
2731:of
2520:in
2408:in
2220:doi
2179:doi
2138:doi
1997:in
1812:or
1678:in
1636:or
1624:in
1608:or
1586:eud
1578:jut
1549:or
1513:OED
1484:'s
1430:).
1351:röd
1337:död
1309:öst
1295:löv
1281:lök
1044:. *
492:as
344:of
210:of
121:GAY
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