589:, dark state exchange saturation transfer spectroscopy and lifetime line broadening) to detect, characterize and visualize the structure and dynamics of sparsely-populated states of macromolecules, which are important in macromolecular interactions but invisible to conventional structural and biophysical techniques. Examples of include the direct demonstration of rotation-coupled sliding and intermolecular translocation as mechanisms whereby sequence-specific DNA binding proteins locate their target site(s) within an overwhelming sea of non-specific DNA sequences; the detection, visualization and characterization of encounter complexes in protein-protein association; the analysis of the synergistic effects of conformational selection and induced fit in protein-ligand interactions; and the uncovering of "dark", spectroscopically invisible states in interactions of NMR-visible proteins and polypeptides (including intrinsically disordered states) with very large megadalton macromolecular assemblies. The latter includes an atomic-resolution view of the dynamics of the
537:"Clore pioneered the development of NMR for determining three-dimensional structures of biological macromolecules and has consistently extended the frontiers of NMR to ever more complex systems. His work on the development of paramagnetic and other relaxation-based NMR experiments to detect and visualize transient, rare states of macromolecules, invisible to conventional structural and biophysical techniques, has shed unique insights into how macromolecules efficiently locate their binding partners, provided the first atomic view of the dynamic amyloid Aß assembly process from disordered peptides into protofibrils, and directly demonstrated that the apo state of the chaperonin GroEL possesses intrinsic foldase/unfoldase activities."
593:-β aggregation process. and the demonstration of intrinsic unfoldase/foldase activity of the macromolecular machine GroEL. These various techniques have also been used to uncover the kinetic pathway of pre-nucleation transient oligomerization events and associated structures involving the protein encoded by huntingtin exon-1, which may provide a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention in Huntington's disease, a fatal autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative condition.
50:
398:
recognition. Clore's discovery of previously undetectable, functionally significant, rare transient states of macromolecules has yielded fundamental new insights into the mechanisms of important biological processes, and in particular the significance of weak interactions and the mechanisms whereby
555:
for structure determination, the development of simulated annealing and restrained molecular dynamics for three-dimensional protein and nucleic acid structure determination, the solution NMR structure determination of large protein complexes, the development of the combined use of NMR and
601:
Clore is one of the most highly cited scientists in the fields of molecular biophysics, structural biology, biomolecular NMR and chemistry with over 550 published scientific articles and an h-index (number of papers cited h or more time) of 144. Clore is also one of only five
717:
572:
proteins recognize multiple, structurally dissimilar partners by generating similar binding surfaces from completely different structural elements and exploiting side chain conformational plasticity. Clore is also one of the main authors of the very widely used
399:
the opposing constraints of speed and specificity are optimized. Further, Clore's work opens up a new era of pharmacology and drug design as it is now possible to target structures and conformations that have been heretofore unseen.
3107:
3087:
486:
359:
223:
509:. He has remained at the NIH ever since and is currently a NIH Distinguished Investigator and Chief of the Section on Molecular and Structural Biophysics at the NIH. He is an elected Member of the
3092:
1739:
Clore GM, Driscoll PC, Wingfield PT, Gronenborn AM (1990). "Analysis of backbone dynamics of interleukin-1beta using two-dimensional inverse detected heteronuclear 15N-1H NMR spectroscopy".
2734:
166:
770:
351:
1514:"Accurate and rapid docking of protein-protein complexes on the basis of intermolecular nuclear Overhauser enhancement data and dipolar couplings by rigid body minimization"
3102:
3197:
3172:
3167:
3147:
3142:
1375:
2686:
Marius Clore
Lecture on "Transient Prenucleation Oligomerization of Huntingtin" at the ICMRBS Webinar on Emerging Topics in Biomolecular Resonance (4/15/2021)
3177:
2582:
1393:
3187:
713:
607:
510:
339:
128:
3182:
1635:"Structure, dynamics and biophysics of the cytoplasmic protein-protein complexes of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system"
463:
444:
347:
315:
208:
35:
2275:
787:
783:
311:
31:
1041:"New Members and Foreign Associates of the National Academy of Sciences: G. Marius Clore, Gregory C. Fu, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart, Ei-ichi Negishi".
2521:
756:
459:
455:
447:
375:
211:
3097:
3082:
2159:"probing the initial transient oligomerization events facilitating Huntingtin fibril nucleation at atomic resolution by relaxation-based NMR"
1345:
741:
522:
467:
138:
763:
217:
358:
Distinguished
Investigator, and the Chief of the Molecular and Structural Biophysics Section in the Laboratory of Chemical Physics of the
1461:
Clore GM, Gronenborn AM (1991). "Structures of larger proteins in solution: three- and four-dimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy".
3162:
2965:
2717:
2632:
Oral history interview transcript with Marius Clore on 23 March 2020, American
Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
2293:
3152:
1219:
2338:
1972:
Tang C, Schwieters CD, Clore GM (2007). "Open-to-closed transition in apo-maltose-binding protein visualized by paramagnetic NMR".
2748:
2539:
2461:
655:
639:
3157:
3122:
2779:
307:
27:
2504:
3127:
2809:
1314:
2100:"Intrinsic unfoldase/foldase activity of the chaperonin GroEL directly demonstrated using multinuclear relaxation-based NMR"
3132:
2847:
674:
478:
440:
363:
227:
78:
3137:
3112:
557:
2380:
2352:
3117:
2970:
2882:
2726:
2690:
727:
2013 Centenary Award (previously known as the
Jubilee Medal) and Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins Memorial Lecture (U.K.)
668:
514:
432:
395:
343:
319:
273:
247:
133:
39:
2479:
2443:
2023:
1921:
Tang C, Iwahara J, Clore GM (2006). "Visualization of transient encounter complexes in protein-protein association".
1379:
2852:
731:
686:
187:
163:
148:
2975:
2857:
2586:
1410:
1242:"Targeting a dark excited state of HIV-1 nucleocapsid by anti-retroviral thioesters revealed by NMR spectroscopy"
1016:
680:
643:
552:
416:
88:
2837:
2656:
2631:
1870:
Iwahara J, Clore GM (2006). "Detecting transient intermediates in macromolecular binding by paramagnetic NMR".
901:
2366:
2324:
565:
436:
383:
74:
2218:"Abrogation of prenucleation, transient oligomerization of the huntingtin exon-1 protein by human profilin"
551:
Clore played a pivotal role in the development of three- and four-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, the use of
3192:
2988:
2710:
2887:
2814:
458:
in
Physical Biochemistry in 1982. He was awarded a joint Lister Institute Research Fellowship from the
3046:
2465:
2229:
2170:
2157:
Kotler SA, Tugarinov V, Schmidt T, Ceccon A, Libich DS, Ghirlando R, Schwieters CD, Clore GM (2019).
2111:
2054:
1981:
1930:
1879:
1787:
1695:
1584:
1525:
1470:
1177:
1081:
823:
327:
183:
1447:
2310:
1394:"2020 Royal Society press release of outstanding scientists elected as Fellows and Foreign Members"
902:"American Institute of Physics Oral History Interviews - Marius Clore interviewed by David Zierler"
750:
724:
699:
569:
408:
157:
2636:
2505:"American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Today, May 2011, ASBMB member update p. 6"
934:
3051:
2758:
2005:
1954:
1903:
1201:
1150:
1107:
647:
490:
420:
191:
92:
2607:
2695:
2043:"Atomic resolution dynamics on the surface of amyloid beta protofibrils probed by solution NMR"
766:(ISI) Highly Cited Researchers Database (in Biology & Biochemistry and Chemistry sections).
505:
spectroscopy and a structural biology effort aimed at proteins involved in the pathogenesis of
49:
2703:
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1997:
1946:
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143:
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1989:
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841:
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561:
270:
238:
1376:"2014 Press release of National Academy of Sciences Members and Foreign Associates Elected"
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3021:
2960:
2920:
2829:
2766:
1168:
Blundell TL, Fernandez-Recio J (2006). "Cell biology: brief encounters bolster contacts".
777:
619:
493:, U.S., where he interacted closely in the late 1980s and early 1990s with NIH colleagues
424:
260:
151:
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1985:
1934:
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2099:
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1847:
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1634:
1573:"New methods of structure refinement for macromolecular structure determination by NMR"
1266:
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615:
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1607:
1572:
1548:
1513:
1125:
Dahlquist FW (2006). "Slip sliding away: new insights into DNA-protein recognition".
693:
623:
564:
by NMR. Clore's work on complexes of all the cytoplasmic components of the bacterial
530:
518:
379:
244:
1154:
1111:
529:(Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section). Clore's citation upon election to the
2902:
2009:
1958:
1907:
1205:
590:
412:
391:
371:
323:
1351:
2651:
3031:
2897:
2877:
2862:
2819:
2799:
1707:
1684:"Using small angle solution scattering data in Xplor-NIH structure calculations"
471:
1650:
1577:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
816:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
382:
and their complexes by NMR, and for developing NMR-based methods to study rare
3061:
2940:
2930:
2892:
2685:
2680:
1838:
651:
586:
560:
in solution structure determination, and the analysis and characterization of
1138:
2242:
2183:
2124:
1597:
1538:
1482:
836:
574:
474:, Germany, where he headed the Biological NMR department from 1984 to 1988.
195:
2261:
2202:
2143:
2084:
2001:
1950:
1899:
1856:
1807:
1725:
1668:
1557:
1275:
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1197:
1146:
1054:
855:
2483:
1760:
1616:
1498:
1329:
1103:
506:
2675:
2066:
1993:
1942:
1891:
1752:
1189:
991:
2661:
2568:
1337:
737:
2011: Elected Fellow of the
International Society of Magnetic Resonance
585:
Clore's recent work has focused on developing new NMR methods (such as
387:
367:
2646:
2381:"G. Marius Clore to Receive Biophysical Society 2020 Innovation Award"
2367:"G. Marius Clore 2021 Royal Society of Chemistry Khorana Prize Winner"
2842:
2681:
Marius Clore on
Landmark Article in the Journal of Magnetic Resonance
2569:"Fellows of the American Associastion for the Advancement of Science"
1430:
1094:
1069:
627:
494:
443:
group), respectively, he was a member of the scientific staff of the
331:
2409:"Biochemical Society Award Winners for 2013 - Biochemist e-volution"
1775:
1490:
581:
Detection and visualization of excited and sparsely-populated states
3108:
Fellows of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2637:
Listing on the United States National Academy of Sciences web site
1017:"G. Marius Clore, MD, Ph.D., FRS, NIH Distinguished Investigator"
1021:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
487:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
360:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
335:
224:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
2699:
2294:"Royal Society of Chemistry h-index ranking of living chemists"
1293:"Former Fellows of the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine"
603:
502:
482:
451:
378:, for advancing experimental approaches to the study of large
366:. He is known for his foundational work in three-dimensional
355:
116:
112:
108:
2647:
Listing on the American Academy of Arts and Sciences web site
1776:"The Xplor-NIH NMR molecular structure determination package"
2041:
Fawzi NL, Ying J, Ghirlando R, Torchia DA, Clore GM (2011).
992:"G. Marius Clore, MD, Ph.D., NIH Distinguished Investigator"
291:
2339:"G. Marius Clore 2021 Murray Goodman Memorial Prize Winner"
2325:"Academy of Medical Sciences announces new Fellows of 2024"
2276:"Top 10 researchers in chemistry based on total citations"
3088:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1774:
Schwieters CD, Kuszewski JJ, Tjandra N, Clore GM (2003).
996:
National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program
746:
2010: Hillebrand Award of the Washington Chemical Society
1823:"Visualizing transient dark states by NMR spectroscopy"
1240:
Deshmukh, L, Tugarinov V, Appella DH, Clore GM (2018).
2626:
2216:
Ceccon A, Tugarinov V, Ghirlando R, Clore GM (2020).
1320:. In Harris, Robin K; Wasylishen, Roderick L (eds.).
501:
on the development of multidimensional heteronuclear
3093:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2691:
List of University College London Honorary Graduates
3009:
2997:
2741:
2662:
Listing on NIH Intramural Research Program web site
1688:
Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
1518:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
776:1993: Dupont-Merck Young Investigator Award of the
771:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
352:
Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
286:
253:
237:
201:
179:
123:
99:
84:
70:
56:
21:
2395:"Biophysical Society September 2019 Press Release"
2353:"UCL Awards 2021 Honorary Degrees and Fellowships"
2480:"Chemical Society of Washington Hillebrand Award"
111:, developing innovative approaches for extending
2613:. The NIH Record (1993) volume 45(17), page 12.
1431:"American Academy of Arts and Sciences Fellows"
679:2021: Honorary Doctorate of Science (DSc) from
535:
1070:"Protein structure: an extra dimension to NMR"
650:. Marius Clore's father was the film producer
115:to larger and more complex systems, and using
2711:
547:3D structure determination in solution by NMR
407:Clore received his undergraduate degree with
103:Laying the foundations for three-dimensional
8:
606:scientists to have been elected to both the
322:is a British-born, Anglo-American molecular
16:Molecular biophysicist, structural biologist
2024:"NMR advance brings proteins into the open"
1448:"Elected Members of Academia Europaea 2015"
2718:
2704:
2696:
2583:"Protein Society Young Investigator Award"
714:United States National Academy of Sciences
608:United States National Academy of Sciences
511:United States National Academy of Sciences
340:Member of the National Academy of Sciences
338:and is a dual U.S./U.K. Citizen. He is a
129:Member of the National Academy of Sciences
93:University College Hospital Medical School
48:
18:
3103:Fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry
2652:Listing on the Academia Europaea web site
2522:"Fellow of the Biophysical Society Award"
2251:
2241:
2192:
2182:
2133:
2123:
2098:Libich DS, Tugarinov V, Clore GM (2015).
2074:
1846:
1715:
1658:
1606:
1596:
1547:
1537:
1287:
1285:
1265:
1093:
845:
835:
805:
803:
348:Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
1425:
1423:
1416:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
1405:
1403:
784:Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
1411:"Book of Members, 1780-2014: Chapter B"
1246:Angewandte Chemie International Edition
1043:Angewandte Chemie International Edition
799:
757:Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine
462:which he held from 1982 to 1984 at the
460:Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine
456:National Institute for Medical Research
448:National Institute for Medical Research
212:National Institute for Medical Research
119:to uncover invisible states of proteins
3198:English emigrants to the United States
1628:
1626:
3173:National Institutes of Health faculty
2642:Listing on the Royal Society web site
1442:
1440:
929:
927:
925:
923:
742:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
568:led to significant insights into how
523:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
468:Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry
139:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
3168:National Institutes of Health people
3148:21st-century English medical doctors
3143:20th-century English medical doctors
960:
958:
956:
867:
865:
764:Institute for Scientific Information
718:Biophysics and Computational Biology
705:2015: Elected Foreign Member of the
577:NMR structure determination program
477:In 1988, Clore was recruited to the
218:Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry
3178:Alumni of University College London
587:paramagnetic relaxation enhancement
450:from 1980 to 1984. He received his
3188:Alumni of the University of London
1322:Encyclopedia of Magnetic Resonance
1220:"Clore named Royal Society Fellow"
485:) Laboratory of Chemical Physics (
14:
2627:G. Marius Clore personal homepage
1682:Schwieters CD, Clore, GM (2014).
638:Marius Clore was educated at the
3183:Alumni of the UCL Medical School
1571:Clore GM, Gronenborn AM (1998).
1315:"Adventures in Biomolecular NMR"
640:Lycee Francais Charles de Gaulle
419:in 1976 and medical degree from
2462:"List of elected ISMAR fellows"
1827:Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics
667:2024: Elected Fellow of the UK
566:phosphotransferase system (PTS)
2608:"NIDDK scientists share award"
1639:Trends in Biochemical Sciences
941:. National Academy of Sciences
525:, and a Foreign Member of the
1:
2657:Listing on NIDDK/NIH web site
2444:"Centenary Prize Winner 2011"
1800:10.1016/S1090-7807(02)00014-9
1780:Journal of Magnetic Resonance
1633:Clore GM, Venditti V (2013).
675:Murray Goodman Memorial Prize
656:The French Lieutenant's Woman
479:National Institutes of Health
376:biomolecular NMR spectroscopy
364:National Institutes of Health
228:National Institutes of Health
107:determination in solution by
3098:Members of Academia Europaea
3083:Fellows of the Royal Society
2222:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
2163:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
2104:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
1821:Anthis NJ, Clore GM (2015).
769:1999: Elected Fellow of the
755:2003: Elected Member of the
749:2009: Elected Fellow of the
740:2010: Elected Fellow of the
712:2014: Elected Member of the
692:2020: Elected Fellow of the
558:small-angle X-ray scattering
1708:10.1016/j.pnmrs.2014.03.001
669:Academy of Medical Sciences
433:University College Hospital
374:structure determination by
344:Fellow of the Royal Society
134:Fellow of the Royal Society
3214:
3163:Nuclear magnetic resonance
1651:10.1016/j.tibs.2013.08.003
732:Royal Society of Chemistry
687:Royal Society of Chemistry
553:residual dipolar couplings
423:in 1979. After completing
230:, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.
188:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
164:Royal Society of Chemistry
149:Royal Society of Chemistry
1839:10.1017/S0033583514000122
1324:. John Wiley & Sons.
812:"Profile of Marius Clore"
681:University College London
644:University College London
417:University College London
282:
172:
89:University College London
47:
3153:21st-century biochemists
2676:G. Marius Clore Orcid ID
2669:publications indexed by
2540:"Members/Former Fellows"
2311:"Google scholar profile"
1313:Clore, Marius G (2011).
1139:10.1038/nchembio0706-353
497:, Angela Gronenborn and
466:. In 1984 he joined the
464:Medical Research Council
445:Medical Research Council
2544:lister-institute.org.uk
2243:10.1073/pnas.1922264117
2184:10.1073/pnas.1821216116
2125:10.1073/pnas.1510083112
1598:10.1073/pnas.95.11.5891
1539:10.1073/pnas.97.16.9021
1483:10.1126/science.2047852
1127:Nature Chemical Biology
837:10.1073/pnas.1616528113
762:2001: Original member,
642:in Kensington, London,
614:, the other four being
220:, Martinsried, Germany.
142:•Foreign Member of the
3158:Computational chemists
3123:American biophysicists
2414:. Biochemical Society.
2280:Times Higher Education
1258:10.1002/anie.201713172
1055:10.1002/anie.201405510
654:whose credits include
539:
160:Centenary Award (2013)
3128:English biophysicists
2888:Raymond Pierrehumbert
2426:"The Centenary Award"
1330:10.1002/9780470034590
384:conformational states
3133:American biochemists
2028:Neurosciencenews.com
437:St Charles' Hospital
328:structural biologist
184:Molecular Biophysics
167:Khorana Prize (2021)
3138:English biochemists
3113:American scientists
2780:William C. Campbell
2234:2020PNAS..117.5844C
2175:2019PNAS..116.3562K
2116:2015PNAS..112.8817L
2067:10.1038/nature10577
2059:2011Natur.480..268F
1994:10.1038/nature06232
1986:2007Natur.449.1078T
1980:(7165): 1078–1082.
1943:10.1038/nature05201
1935:2006Natur.444..383T
1892:10.1038/nature04673
1884:2006Natur.440.1227I
1878:(7088): 1227–1230.
1792:2003JMagR.160...65S
1753:10.1021/bi00484a006
1700:2014PNMRS..80....1S
1589:1998PNAS...95.5891M
1530:2000PNAS...97.9021C
1475:1991Sci...252.1390M
1469:(5011): 1390–1399.
1190:10.1038/nature05306
1182:2006Natur.444..279B
1086:1988Natur.332..303R
828:2016PNAS..11312604S
822:(45): 12604–12606.
751:Biophysical Society
725:Biochemical Society
700:Biophysical Society
570:signal transduction
441:St. Mary's Hospital
409:first class honours
158:Biochemical Society
61:Gideon Marius Clore
3118:English scientists
3052:Ramamoorthy Ramesh
2883:Oliver L. Phillips
2815:François Guillemot
2759:Malcolm J. Bennett
1049:(26): 6598. 2014.
874:"Curriculum Vitae"
872:Clore, G. Marius.
810:Samoray C (2016).
648:UCL Medical School
521:, a Fellow of the
491:Bethesda, Maryland
421:UCL Medical School
192:Structural Biology
3070:
3069:
3047:Margaret Kivelson
2848:Alexander Makarov
2834:Andrew P. Jackson
2282:. 9 October 2008.
2228:(11): 5844–5852.
2110:(29): 8817–8823.
2053:(7376): 268–272.
1929:(7117): 383–386.
1747:(32): 7387–7401.
1583:(11): 5891–5898.
1524:(16): 9021–9025.
1512:Clore GM (2000).
1347:978-0-470-03459-0
1252:(10): 2687–2691.
1176:(7117): 279–280.
966:"G. Marius Clore"
935:"G. Marius Clore"
707:Academia Europaea
662:Awards and honors
612:The Royal Society
597:Scientific impact
527:Academia Europaea
330:. He was born in
302:
301:
266:Hartmut Oschkinat
174:Scientific career
144:Academia Europaea
105:protein structure
3205:
3037:Else Marie Friis
2966:Richard Thompson
2956:Andrew M. Stuart
2951:Donna Strickland
2917:Michael Rudnicki
2805:Adam Eyre-Walker
2795:Vikram Deshpande
2720:
2713:
2706:
2697:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2585:. Archived from
2579:
2573:
2572:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2546:. Archived from
2536:
2530:
2529:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2482:. Archived from
2476:
2470:
2469:
2464:. Archived from
2458:
2452:
2451:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2430:biochemistry.org
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2255:
2245:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2196:
2186:
2169:(9): 3562–3571.
2154:
2148:
2147:
2137:
2127:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2078:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2020:
2014:
2013:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1850:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1719:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1662:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1610:
1600:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1551:
1541:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1407:
1398:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1378:. Archived from
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1356:
1350:. Archived from
1319:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1289:
1280:
1279:
1269:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1097:
1095:10.1038/332303a0
1068:Ringe D (1988).
1065:
1059:
1058:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1002:
988:
982:
981:
979:
977:
970:Member Directory
962:
951:
950:
948:
946:
939:Member Directory
931:
918:
917:
915:
913:
898:
892:
891:
889:
887:
878:
869:
860:
859:
849:
839:
807:
734:Centenary Prize
702:Innovation Award
562:protein dynamics
431:appointments at
298:
295:
293:
271:Julie Forman-Kay
254:Notable students
239:Doctoral advisor
52:
42:
19:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3057:Wendelin Werner
3022:Francis Collins
3005:
2993:
2976:Nicholas Turner
2961:Sarah Teichmann
2921:William Schafer
2830:Ehud Hrushovski
2790:G. Marius Clore
2767:Zulfiqar Bhutta
2749:Timothy Behrens
2737:
2724:
2667:G. Marius Clore
2623:
2618:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2592:
2590:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2551:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2489:
2487:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2355:. 15 July 2021.
2351:
2350:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2030:. 25 June 2013.
2022:
2021:
2017:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1645:(10): 515–530.
1632:
1631:
1624:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1446:
1445:
1438:
1429:
1428:
1421:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1283:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1000:
998:
990:
989:
985:
975:
973:
972:. Royal Society
964:
963:
954:
944:
942:
933:
932:
921:
911:
909:
900:
899:
895:
885:
883:
876:
871:
870:
863:
809:
808:
801:
797:
778:Protein Society
664:
636:
620:Francis Collins
599:
583:
549:
544:
425:house physician
405:
396:protein-protein
305:G. Marius Clore
290:
278:
261:Robert T. Clubb
233:
161:
155:
152:Centenary Prize
146:
141:
137:•Fellow of the
136:
131:
85:Alma mater
66:
63:
62:
43:
26:
24:
23:G. Marius Clore
17:
12:
11:
5:
3211:
3209:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3075:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:Regine Kahmann
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3017:Frances Arnold
3013:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2985:Alan M. Wilson
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2936:Stephen Smartt
2933:
2928:
2926:Nigel Scrutton
2923:
2918:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2858:Iain McCulloch
2855:
2853:Keith Matthews
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:George Jackson
2835:
2832:
2827:
2825:Marian Holness
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2671:Google Scholar
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2622:
2621:External links
2619:
2617:
2616:
2599:
2574:
2560:
2531:
2526:biophysics.org
2513:
2496:
2471:
2468:on 2015-10-27.
2453:
2435:
2417:
2400:
2386:
2372:
2358:
2344:
2330:
2316:
2302:
2285:
2267:
2208:
2149:
2090:
2033:
2015:
1964:
1913:
1862:
1813:
1766:
1731:
1674:
1622:
1563:
1504:
1453:
1436:
1419:
1399:
1385:
1382:on 2015-08-18.
1367:
1346:
1305:
1281:
1232:
1211:
1160:
1133:(7): 353–354.
1117:
1060:
1033:
1008:
983:
952:
919:
908:. 24 June 2020
893:
861:
798:
796:
793:
792:
791:
782:1990: Elected
780:
774:
767:
760:
753:
747:
744:
738:
735:
728:
721:
710:
703:
696:
690:
683:
677:
671:
663:
660:
635:
632:
616:Julius Axelrod
598:
595:
582:
579:
548:
545:
543:
540:
499:Dennis Torchia
404:
401:
380:macromolecules
300:
299:
288:
284:
283:
280:
279:
277:
276:
268:
263:
257:
255:
251:
250:
241:
235:
234:
232:
231:
221:
215:
205:
203:
199:
198:
181:
177:
176:
170:
169:
125:
121:
120:
101:
100:Known for
97:
96:
95:, London, U.K.
86:
82:
81:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
58:
54:
53:
45:
44:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3210:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3193:Living people
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3027:Kerry Emanuel
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3003:David Cooksey
3000:
2996:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2981:Jane Visvader
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2946:Molly Stevens
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2913:Nicholas Read
2911:
2909:
2908:Didier Queloz
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2873:Giles Oldroyd
2871:
2869:
2868:Peter Nellist
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2785:Henry Chapman
2783:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2772:Kevin Brindle
2770:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:Yoshua Bengio
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2731:Royal Society
2728:
2721:
2716:
2714:
2709:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2589:on 2015-02-14
2588:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2550:on 2015-08-05
2549:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2532:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2486:on 2011-03-06
2485:
2481:
2475:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2359:
2354:
2348:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2212:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1833:(1): 35–116.
1832:
1828:
1824:
1817:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1678:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1457:
1454:
1449:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1357:on 2016-03-05
1353:
1349:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1233:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1080:(6162): 303.
1079:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1034:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1009:
997:
993:
987:
984:
971:
967:
961:
959:
957:
953:
940:
936:
930:
928:
926:
924:
920:
907:
903:
897:
894:
882:
875:
868:
866:
862:
857:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
806:
804:
800:
794:
789:
785:
781:
779:
775:
772:
768:
765:
761:
758:
754:
752:
748:
745:
743:
739:
736:
733:
729:
726:
722:
719:
715:
711:
708:
704:
701:
697:
695:
694:Royal Society
691:
689:Khorana Prize
688:
684:
682:
678:
676:
672:
670:
666:
665:
661:
659:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
634:Personal life
633:
631:
629:
625:
624:Harold Varmus
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
596:
594:
592:
588:
580:
578:
576:
571:
567:
563:
559:
554:
546:
541:
538:
534:
532:
531:Royal Society
528:
524:
520:
519:Royal Society
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
489:) located in
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
446:
442:
439:(part of the
438:
434:
430:
429:house surgeon
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
402:
400:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:
297:
289:
285:
281:
275:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
256:
252:
249:
246:
245:Arnold Burgen
242:
240:
236:
229:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
206:
204:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
182:
178:
175:
171:
168:
165:
159:
153:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
59:
55:
51:
46:
41:
37:
33:
29:
20:
2903:Carol Prives
2810:Daniel Frost
2789:
2776:Gordon Brown
2602:
2591:. Retrieved
2587:the original
2577:
2563:
2552:. Retrieved
2548:the original
2543:
2534:
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