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During the second world war, from 1943 to 1945 Kuiper took leave of absence from the
University of Chicago to research radar countermeasures at the faculty of Harvard's Radio Research Laboratory. This led to attachment to the Eighth Air Force Headquarters, England (1944) and return to Europe (January
558:
to understand the Moon's thermal evolution descended into acrimony, as the two engaged in what became known as the "Hot Moon Cold Moon" controversy. Their falling out, in part a scientific dispute, also reflected the challenge of maintaining professional relationships across overlapping but distinct
725:
were turned on 23 minutes before impact, and the spacecraft transmitted pictures back to earth until it struck the surface and was destroyed. The flight's product would be intensively studied by a panel of noted lunar scientists, among them Gerard P. Kuiper and
673:", since Kuiper had suggested that such small planets or comets may have formed there. However Kuiper himself believed that such objects would have been swept clear by planetary gravitational perturbations, so that none or few would exist there today.
1274:
430:, stuck in the eastern zone of Germany and in danger of being captured by the Soviets. Kuiper raced across the countryside only hours ahead of the Soviets to retrieve Planck and his wife.
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871:"Un astrónomo, tres continentes, siete instituciones y millares de estrellas. La experiencia global de Jürgen Stock en los inicios de la astronomía en Chile"
751:, and is awarded annually to scientists whose lifetime achievements have most advanced our understanding of planetary systems. Winners of this award include
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937:. Scientific and Technical Information Division, Office of Technology Use. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). p.
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In 1971, Kuiper received the Kepler Gold Medal from the
American Association for the Advancement of Science and the Franklin Institute.
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1945, seconded to the ALSOS mission). Besides assessing the state of German science, Kuiper accomplished a rather daring rescue of
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He married Sarah Parker Fuller (1913-2000) on 20 June 1936. Kuiper died age 68 of a heart attack on 23 December 1973 in
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to Chile, to search for suitable sites of an observatory for the
Southern skies, who eventually would identify the spot for the
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406:, where he met Sarah Parker Fuller (1913-2000), whom he married on 20 June 1936. Although he had planned to move to
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332:, had an early interest in astronomy. He had extraordinarily sharp eyesight, allowing him to see with the naked eye
643:
536:
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364:
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One of the three buildings at
Arizona that makes up the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory is named in his honor.
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Kuiper discovered several binary stars which received "Kuiper numbers" to identify them, such as KUI 79.
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in 1924, where at the time a very large number of astronomers had congregated. He befriended fellow students
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Solar System
Astronomy in America: Communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920–1960
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In the 1950s Kuiper's interdisciplinary collaboration with the geochemist and Nobel
Laureate
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in west Texas. In 1949, Kuiper initiated the Yerkes–McDonald asteroid survey (1950–1952).
399:
360:
245:
487:, serving as the laboratory's director for the rest of his life, until his death in 1973.
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382:
Kuiper received his PhD degree from Leiden
University in the Netherlands on his thesis on
31:
1153:
571:
555:
524:
512:
372:
285:
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of the
University of California. — Brooks & Ertel (1976, p. 75)
460:, a secret Air Force plan to detonate a nuclear warhead on the moon. In 1959, he sent
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1021:. Biography. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Archived from
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7.5 stars, about four times fainter than those visible to normal eyes.
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17:
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in
Astronomy in 1927 and continued straight on with his graduate studies.
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368:
344:
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790:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Archived from
540:
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289:; 7 December 1905 – 23 December 1973) was a Dutch-American
206:
1100:
680:, named in his honor, is the most distinguished award given by the
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in 1944. Kuiper also pioneered airborne infrared observing using a
596:
688:, an international society of professional planetary scientists.
567:
528:
407:
260:
699:
Episode 6 ("The Man of a
Trillion Worlds") of the TV series
254:
1275:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
433:
From 1947 to 1949, Kuiper served as the director of the
312:
Kuiper is considered by many to be the father of modern
841:
Lunar Exploration: Human pioneers and robotic surveyors
1053:
456:. In 1958, the two worked on the classified military
269:
251:
1049:. Biographical Memoir. National Academy of Sciences.
257:
394:He traveled to California to become a fellow under
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223:
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165:
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123:
113:
105:
86:
60:
41:
601:Gerard P. Kuiper Space Sciences building at the
27:Netherlands-born American astronomer (1905–1973)
324:Kuiper, the son of a tailor in the village of
213:Statistische onderzoekingen van dubbelsterren
8:
931:Brooks, Courtney G.; Ertel, Ivan D. (1976).
422:and received American citizenship in 1937.
1019:"Gerard Peter Kuiper: NASA KAO's namesake"
658:in Antarctica, and the now-decommissioned
49:
38:
30:Not to be confused with the mathematician
882:
910:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
1060:
775:
747:recognizes outstanding contributors to
714:
466:Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory
440:From 1950-1960 he was professor at the
846:Springer Science & Business Media
562:In the 1960s, Kuiper helped identify
284:
7:
1220:Dutch emigrants to the United States
952:Williams, Matt (11 November 2015).
934:The Apollo Spacecraft: A chronology
705:featured the Kuiper–Urey conflict.
589:, while on vacation with his wife.
1270:Harvard College Observatory people
301:, author and professor. He is the
25:
1185:20th-century American astronomers
1037:. Archive. University of Arizona.
730:of the University of Arizona and
665:Astronomers refer to a region of
617:(Astronomical Society of France).
402:. In 1935 he left to work at the
1147:
1135:
1123:
1111:
1099:
1087:
1075:
1063:
1044:"Gerard Peter Kuiper, 1905—1973"
1005:
622:Henry Norris Russell Lectureship
609:In 1947, Kuiper was awarded the
244:
1265:20th-century American essayists
869:Silva, Bárbara (21 June 2022).
784:"NASA Solar System Exploration"
686:Division for Planetary Sciences
178:
1200:20th-century Dutch astronomers
615:Société astronomique de France
481:Lunar and Planetary Laboratory
1:
1255:University of Chicago faculty
1250:University of Arizona faculty
682:American Astronomical Society
626:American Astronomical Society
523:. In addition, he discovered
286:[ˈɣɛrɪtˈpitərˈkœypər]
662:were also named after him.
660:Kuiper Airborne Observatory
404:Harvard College Observatory
1301:
1285:20th-century cartographers
386:with Hertzsprung in 1933.
29:
875:Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos
531:, and the existence of a
233:
188:
48:
1280:Manhattan Project people
1260:People from Harenkarspel
1245:Harvard University staff
1240:Leiden University alumni
1190:American science writers
979:"A Brief History of LPL"
954:"Who was Gerard Kuiper?"
906:Doel, Ronald E. (1996).
884:10.4000/nuevomundo.87629
620:In 1959, Kuiper won the
559:scientific disciplines.
471:In 1960 Kuiper moved to
414:, he took a position at
320:Early life and education
1195:American encyclopedists
702:Cosmos: Possible Worlds
669:beyond Neptune as the "
581:Personal life and death
551:aircraft in the 1960s.
1031:"Gerard Kuiper Papers"
605:
495:Kuiper discovered two
1205:Dutch science writers
983:University of Arizona
838:Ulivi, Paolo (2004).
603:University of Arizona
600:
527:in the atmosphere of
485:University of Arizona
442:University of Chicago
420:University of Chicago
1230:Planetary scientists
1225:Discoverers of moons
1215:Dutch encyclopedists
1042:Dale P. Cruikshank.
1035:AzArchivesOnline.org
1014:at Wikimedia Commons
818:McDonald Observatory
788:solarsystem.nasa.gov
435:McDonald Observatory
371:, and the physicist
351:, and was taught by
278:Gerrit Pieter Kuiper
65:Gerrit Pieter Kuiper
412:Bosscha Observatory
396:Robert Grant Aitken
295:planetary scientist
240:Gerard Peter Kuiper
136:planetary scientist
695:In popular culture
611:Prix Jules Janssen
606:
497:natural satellites
446:Yerkes Observatory
416:Yerkes Observatory
375:. He received his
1010:Media related to
855:978-1-85233-746-9
749:planetary science
642:, three craters (
357:Antonie Pannekoek
353:Ejnar Hertzsprung
349:Pieter Oosterhoff
341:Leiden University
314:planetary science
237:
236:
224:Doctoral students
190:Scientific career
118:Leiden University
16:(Redirected from
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1025:on 13 July 2014.
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794:on 11 April 2015
780:
764:
761:Eugene Shoemaker
741:
735:
728:Ewen A. Whitaker
719:
450:doctoral advisor
444:, directing the
400:Lick Observatory
377:candidate degree
361:Willem de Sitter
305:namesake of the
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90:23 December 1973
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1210:Dutch essayists
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181: 1936)
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114:Alma mater
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75:7 December 1905
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32:Nicolaas Kuiper
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1235:Selenographers
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1000:External links
998:
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958:Universe Today
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848:. p. 20.
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572:Apollo program
556:Harold C. Urey
525:carbon dioxide
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373:Paul Ehrenfest
339:He studied at
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156:Known for
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109:Dutch–American
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94:(aged 68)
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55:Kuiper in 1964
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1012:Gerard Kuiper
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667:minor planets
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569:
566:sites on the
565:
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552:
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546:
543:'s satellite
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519:'s satellite
518:
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511:'s satellite
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337:
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330:North Holland
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308:
304:
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299:selenographer
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141:selenographer
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81:, Netherlands
80:
63:
59:
52:
47:
43:Gerard Kuiper
40:
37:
33:
19:
1142:Solar System
1034:
1023:the original
986:. Retrieved
973:
961:. Retrieved
957:
947:
933:
926:
907:
901:
874:
864:
840:
833:
821:. Retrieved
817:
814:"Milestones"
808:
796:. Retrieved
792:the original
787:
778:
745:Kuiper Prize
739:
717:
700:
698:
690:
678:Kuiper Prize
675:
664:
656:Kuiper Scarp
637:minor planet
635:Besides the
634:
584:
576:
561:
553:
505:Solar System
494:
470:
462:Jürgen Stock
458:Project A119
439:
432:
424:
393:
384:binary stars
381:
338:
323:
311:
277:
239:
238:
211:
189:
171:Sarah Fuller
92:(1973-12-23)
36:
18:G. P. Kuiper
1180:1973 deaths
1175:1905 births
1130:Outer space
1118:Spaceflight
1082:Netherlands
823:25 November
723:Ranger VIII
721:Cameras in
671:Kuiper belt
640:1776 Kuiper
587:Mexico City
549:Convair 990
491:Discoveries
365:Jan Woltjer
326:Tuitjenhorn
307:Kuiper belt
160:Kuiper belt
124:Occupations
106:Nationality
98:Mexico City
79:Tuitjenhorn
1164:Categories
771:References
753:Carl Sagan
537:atmosphere
454:Carl Sagan
428:Max Planck
291:astronomer
228:Carl Sagan
131:Astronomer
71:1905-12-07
1094:Astronomy
1070:Biography
893:1626-0252
644:Mercurian
507:, namely
448:. He was
334:magnitude
303:eponymous
200:Astronomy
148:professor
963:24 March
798:12 April
570:for the
369:Jan Oort
345:Bart Bok
100:, Mexico
1154:Science
1056:Portals
652:Martian
624:of the
613:of the
564:landing
535:-laced
533:methane
517:Neptune
513:Miranda
503:in the
501:planets
483:at the
477:Arizona
418:of the
398:at the
276:; born
183:
175:
988:1 June
914:
891:
852:
759:, and
650:, and
593:Honors
541:Saturn
539:above
521:Nereid
509:Uranus
473:Tucson
390:Career
282:Dutch:
218:(1933)
216:
207:Thesis
196:Fields
166:Spouse
145:author
1106:Stars
1047:(PDF)
709:Notes
648:lunar
545:Titan
177:(
173:
990:2024
965:2020
912:ISBN
889:ISSN
850:ISBN
825:2020
800:2015
743:The
676:The
568:Moon
529:Mars
515:and
408:Java
347:and
273:-pər
87:Died
61:Born
879:doi
684:'s
654:),
499:of
452:to
328:in
1166::
1033:.
981:.
956:.
939:75
887:.
877:.
873:.
844:.
816:.
786:.
755:,
646:,
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475:,
468:.
367:,
363:,
359:,
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316:.
309:.
297:,
293:,
280:,
271:KY
261:ər
255:aɪ
179:m.
1058::
992:.
967:.
941:.
920:.
895:.
881::
858:.
827:.
802:.
763:.
628:.
264:/
258:p
252:k
249:ˈ
246:/
242:(
73:)
69:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
