573:. On their way, the conquistadors were engaged in various skirmishes and even in a big battle with the Guayupe warriors. "They tried their luck on us frequently but although they killed and wounded many of us, we always gave them the rawer deal. This nation fights with bow and arrow and spears and shields made of tapir skin, and they throw gins." The Germans were not the first Europeans to encounter the Guayupe. Near the Guaviare river they found some items of clearly European origin. As they knew later, it were belongings of an expedition led by
299:
493:
133:
541:
397:
275:
517:
323:
469:
347:
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371:
445:
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742:
3799:
728:
62:
30:
145:
584:
times they constructed pallisades around their villages consisting of houses around a central square with a ceremonial building in the middle. Because of the sophisticated defence works including palisades, thorn bushes and well-camouflaged pitfalls, the
Spanish soldiers in Hohermuth's army nicknamed
568:
in
Venezuela to the borders of the Amazon bassin (1535 - 1538). He describes them as "very good looking people and very able in defending themselves." Indeed, Hohermuths army never was able to make peace with the Guayupe, crossing their entire land from the northern shores of Upía river down to the
1085:"Puerto Santander, cuna de la cultura guayupe: Patrimonialización y formación del Estado en el departemento del Meta - Puerto Santander, crib of the Guayupe culture: heritage and formation of the State in the Meta Department"
2492:
1291:
577:, who likely came up the Guaviare river with boats. In 1934, the Guayupe "had slaughtered 90 of Herrera's men and the survivors escaped downstream. In Coro, we met some of them."
3696:
3743:
1284:
3718:
3446:
2449:
1227:
946:
1277:
804:
747:
3676:
3471:
3823:
2122:
3521:
716:, miss contest in Puerto Santander, located at 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from the urban centre of Fuente de Oro, is held among the Guayupe.
2565:
1212:
889:
3833:
704:
pots were found, pertaining to the
Guayupe culture. In 2011, after the excavation of a Guayupe burial site, the museum of the Guayupe in
2784:
3728:
3710:
580:
The
Guayupe are a tribe of farmers living in the tropical mountain forests of the Eastern Ranges and the Llanos of Meta, Colombia. In
1822:
1798:
1050:
3753:
3374:
3313:
1858:
1161:
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2388:
1252:
La cultura guayupe: presencia prehispánica en los llanos del Meta - The
Guayupe culture: prehispanic presence in the plains of Meta
1945:
1666:
614:
was regarded as an important person who lived by strict norms in the ceremonial activities; births, marriages and burials. When a
3624:
3441:
1981:
1899:
2029:
1911:
1654:
3733:
3723:
3604:
2667:
2052:
628:
only had the use of stools and more feathers on their blankets. At every marriage, half of the bride treasure was going to the
1993:
3301:
2089:
1744:
1308:
1205:
Das Gold der Neuen Welt die
Papiere des Welser-Konquistadors und Generalkapitäns von Venezuela Philipp von Hutten 1534 - 1541
882:
Das Gold der Neuen Welt. Die
Papiere des Welser-Konquistadors und Generalkapitäns von Venezuela, Philipp von Hutten 1534-1541
218:
180:
164:
1928:
1761:
1708:
3639:
3629:
3379:
3333:
3328:
1957:
1887:
1834:
1751:
845:
3828:
3766:
3436:
3172:
2017:
1846:
1810:
1773:
1732:
1720:
1976:
2115:
1969:
1151:
3431:
3343:
1940:
1923:
1661:
1013:
2024:
1894:
1649:
3776:
3394:
3369:
1952:
1829:
1793:
1703:
1988:
1964:
1817:
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1768:
1739:
1715:
225:. Their area covered around 22,000 square kilometres (8,500 sq mi). The Guayupe lived mostly around the
3771:
3634:
2062:
1756:
1727:
2012:
1906:
1882:
1853:
1841:
3738:
2459:
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3348:
2444:
298:
2516:
3384:
3353:
2711:
2244:
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1125:
801:
647:
243:
172:
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3619:
3599:
3564:
3559:
3451:
2589:
2582:
2108:
1875:
3609:
3594:
2801:
492:
3399:
2806:
2575:
2437:
2265:
132:
3584:
3544:
3186:
3104:
3095:
3005:
2987:
2919:
2655:
2501:
2197:
1036:
970:
864:
2227:
3654:
3554:
3549:
2793:
2398:
2167:
1691:
1511:
540:
396:
284:
3414:
274:
3486:
3338:
2876:
2844:
2816:
2280:
2162:
2084:
2057:
940:
590:
557:
160:
3589:
2477:
2430:
516:
322:
1250:
3529:
3426:
3389:
3256:
3228:
2811:
2744:
2729:
2550:
2425:
2005:
2000:
1935:
1918:
1696:
1321:
1232:
1221:
1208:
1157:
1131:
1107:
885:
581:
574:
502:
478:
83:
79:
618:
of the
Guayupe died, the body was cremated and his successor had to drink his ash mixed with
3614:
3195:
2897:
2883:
2821:
2408:
2212:
2207:
2177:
1870:
1865:
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1678:
1556:
1411:
1099:
561:
468:
346:
2533:
673:
who were husband and wife. The supreme being of the
Guayupe, in the Muisca religion called
420:
370:
3802:
3539:
3025:
2831:
2260:
2222:
2217:
2182:
2047:
1686:
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1017:
884:. Hildburghausen: Schmitt, Eberhard/von Hutten, Friedrich Karl. 1996. pp. 98 f, 116.
808:
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411:
387:
361:
337:
313:
289:
265:
214:
198:
194:
territories to the west over an area of 22,000 square kilometres (8,500 sq mi).
176:
55:
2839:
2454:
2383:
1401:
1366:
861:
Más de 50 piezas arqueológicas de la desconocida cultura guayupe tendrán museo en el Meta
1084:
860:
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3534:
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3203:
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2631:
2418:
2317:
2239:
2192:
2187:
1616:
1591:
1566:
1551:
1531:
1421:
1416:
1386:
1361:
1356:
1326:
1316:
1032:
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586:
570:
454:
187:
124:
116:
108:
3817:
3659:
3649:
3481:
3421:
3264:
3135:
2607:
2275:
1586:
1516:
1506:
1371:
1269:
1256:
755:
705:
526:
406:
381:
210:
191:
112:
3241:
3218:
3213:
3030:
2861:
2856:
2719:
2601:
2482:
2403:
2295:
2202:
1621:
1596:
1571:
1541:
1521:
1466:
1446:
1431:
1406:
764:
674:
430:
226:
209:
The territory of the
Guayupe before the Spanish conquest stretched from the rivers
120:
2940:
2325:
3579:
3476:
3269:
3164:
3015:
2945:
2935:
2866:
2769:
2413:
2393:
2340:
2285:
1606:
1526:
1501:
1486:
1461:
1451:
1441:
1436:
1351:
1336:
308:
96:
585:
one of those well fortified villages "Little Salses", referring to the Catalan
3686:
3409:
3145:
3130:
2774:
2764:
2759:
2749:
2540:
2330:
2172:
1300:
1177:
723:
260:
29:
1111:
597:
one of their main crops. The Guayupe people went naked, only ornamented with
3140:
2950:
2913:
2871:
2754:
2596:
1426:
1396:
1391:
3122:
3020:
2724:
2528:
1476:
1236:
1103:
1010:
3059:
3054:
3046:
2307:
1536:
1381:
1376:
1346:
1127:
Masks of Identity: Representing and Performing Otherness in Latin America
332:
168:
67:
653:, the Guayupe defecated in the rivers around and not near their houses.
3081:
3073:
2739:
2523:
1626:
1581:
1561:
1546:
1331:
701:
689:
640:
636:
624:
606:
356:
144:
3150:
2643:
2570:
2270:
2131:
1601:
1576:
1496:
1481:
1471:
1341:
984:
619:
2734:
589:, an innovative type of fortress at this time. The Guayupe were an
556:
The first report on the Guayupe nation is from German conquistador
3041:
3000:
2335:
2301:
2290:
1611:
1491:
222:
143:
131:
3117:
685:
670:
598:
594:
183:, more than 250,000 Guayupe were living in large parts of Meta.
3509:
3299:
2975:
2699:
2361:
2144:
2104:
1273:
186:
The territories of the Guayupe stretched from the neighbouring
709:
666:
539:
515:
491:
467:
443:
419:
395:
369:
345:
321:
297:
273:
1259:, Colombia: Alcaldía Mayor de Villavivencio, pp. 1–102
2100:
1249:
Moreno Romero, Marisol; Riaño Cardenas, Ricardo (1998),
684:
The products the Guayupe used in their rituals were
3752:
3709:
3668:
3520:
3464:
3362:
3321:
3312:
3255:
3227:
3194:
3185:
3159:
3115:
3103:
3068:
3039:
2998:
2986:
2928:
2905:
2896:
2830:
2792:
2783:
2710:
2617:
2549:
2500:
2491:
2470:
2372:
2316:
2253:
2155:
2040:
1784:
1677:
1642:
1635:
1307:
102:
89:
73:
49:
39:
1130:, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, pp. 1–185,
1124:Mácha, Přemysl; Gómez Pellón, José Eloy (2014),
1203:Hutten, Philipp von; Schmitt, Eberhard (1999),
1156:, American Indian Publishers, pp. 1–1047,
958:
956:
233:Municipalities belonging to Guayupe territories
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
901:
692:. Cannibalism is not reported of the Guayupe.
622:. The society of the Guayupe was egalitarian;
197:Knowledge of the Guayupe has been provided by
2116:
1285:
604:The Guayupe society was organised around the
8:
712:, artefacts and plates. As of 2009 yearly a
643:, fish and meat. They didn't eat bird meat.
171:. They inhabit the westernmost parts of the
34:Landscape in Acacías, terrain of the Guayupe
22:
1153:Dictionary of Indian Tribes of the Americas
3517:
3506:
3318:
3309:
3296:
3191:
3112:
2995:
2983:
2972:
2902:
2789:
2707:
2696:
2497:
2369:
2358:
2152:
2141:
2123:
2109:
2101:
1639:
1292:
1278:
1270:
1226:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1033:Fifteen Guayupe ceramic pots found in 1996
1003:
1001:
945:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
236:
28:
21:
838:
836:
834:
748:Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal
151:was used by the Guayupe in their rituals
136:Map of pre-Columbian civilizations. The
779:
635:They built canoes of wood and consumed
560:, participant of the expedition led by
190:terrains to the east and north and the
16:Indigenous group in modern-day Colombia
1219:
938:
785:
783:
708:was opened, containing bones, burial
7:
876:
874:
872:
50:Regions with significant populations
1301:Ancestry and ethnicity in Colombia
14:
1199:, Parte 2, Vol. III. Bogotá 1957.
935:. Bogotá. pp. Vol II, 116 f.
3798:
3797:
3472:Conquest of the Chibchan Nations
3094:
740:
726:
60:
610:; chiefs of the community. The
3824:Indigenous peoples in Colombia
3767:Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso
2090:Race and ethnicity in Colombia
167:group of people in modern-day
1:
3447:Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela
995:Mácha & Gómez, 2014, p.67
3173:Diego de Torres y Moyachoque
1176:Ruiz Churión, Jairo (2010),
1083:Díaz Moreno, Ingrid (2012),
1011:The Guayupe of Granada, Meta
538:
535:
530:
525:
514:
511:
506:
501:
490:
487:
482:
477:
466:
463:
458:
453:
442:
439:
434:
429:
418:
415:
410:
405:
394:
391:
386:
379:
368:
365:
360:
355:
344:
341:
336:
331:
320:
317:
312:
307:
296:
293:
288:
283:
272:
269:
264:
259:
3834:People from Meta Department
3772:Archaeology Museum of Pasca
3850:
3777:Metropolitan Museum of Art
3442:Ortún Velázquez de Velasco
3380:Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano
2266:Battle of Chocontá (~1490)
1051:Museo arqueológico Guayupe
846:Description of the Guayupe
562:Georg Hohermuth von Speyer
3793:
3516:
3505:
3487:Battle of Tocarema (1538)
3437:Miguel Holguín y Figueroa
3308:
3295:
3092:
2982:
2971:
2706:
2695:
2461:Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley
2368:
2357:
2151:
2140:
2075:
665:, the main gods were the
254:
247:
242:
239:
107:
94:
78:
54:
44:
27:
3739:University of Pittsburgh
3734:Universidad La Javeriana
3729:Universidad de los Andes
3511:Research and collections
1070:Díaz Moreno, 2012, p.187
1061:Díaz Moreno, 2012, p.182
828:Díaz Moreno, 2012, p.174
819:Díaz Moreno, 2012, p.171
140:lived east of the Muisca
3395:Hernán Venegas Carrillo
3370:Antonio Díaz de Cardoso
2977:Caciques and neighbours
2261:Battle of Pasca (~1470)
601:, feathers and shells.
3482:Conquest of the Panche
3465:Neighbouring conquests
2701:Religion and mythology
1197:Recopilación Historial
933:Recopilación Historial
931:Aguado, Pedro (1957).
544:
520:
496:
472:
448:
424:
400:
374:
350:
326:
302:
278:
152:
141:
95:Traditional religion,
3344:Gonzalo Suárez Rendón
2363:Geography and history
1207:(in German), Berlin,
1150:Onofrio, Jan (1995),
1104:10.25058/20112742.132
569:regions south of the
543:
519:
495:
471:
447:
423:
399:
373:
349:
325:
301:
277:
179:. At the time of the
147:
135:
103:Related ethnic groups
3724:Universidad Nacional
3477:Conquest of the Muzo
3385:Gonzalo García Zorro
2929:Mythological figures
2920:Monster of Lake Tota
2656:Muisca Confederation
921:Onofrio, 1995, p.438
217:to the peaks of the
3829:Culture of Colombia
3711:Research institutes
3452:Pedro Ruíz Corredor
2085:Lists of Colombians
1195:Fray Pedro Aguado.
802:Description Guayupe
24:
3432:Martín Yañéz Tafur
3400:Juan de Albarracín
3375:Antonio de Lebrija
3354:Juan de San Martín
3339:Baltasar Maldonado
3329:Gonzalo de Quesada
2817:Goranchacha Temple
2471:Neighbouring areas
1016:2018-08-24 at the
807:2020-09-26 at the
789:Ruíz Churión, 2010
558:Philipp von Hutten
545:
521:
497:
473:
449:
425:
401:
375:
351:
327:
303:
279:
153:
142:
3811:
3810:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3635:Reichel-Dolmatoff
3501:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3460:
3459:
3334:Hernán de Quesada
3291:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3181:
3180:
3090:
3089:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2892:
2891:
2812:Cojines del Zaque
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2566:Piedras del Tunjo
2450:Flora & fauna
2353:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2098:
2097:
2071:
2070:
1214:978-3-87061-862-9
891:978-3-87061-862-9
700:In 1996, fifteen
575:Alonso de Herrera
549:
548:
479:San Juan de Arama
252:
221:of the Colombian
205:Guayupe territory
130:
129:
84:Colombian Spanish
3841:
3801:
3800:
3702:
3692:
3682:
3518:
3507:
3417:
3349:Juan de Céspedes
3319:
3310:
3302:Spanish conquest
3297:
3257:Cariban-speaking
3196:Chibcha-speaking
3192:
3113:
3098:
3008:
2996:
2984:
2973:
2903:
2884:Tequendama Falls
2879:
2847:
2790:
2708:
2697:
2676:
2664:
2652:
2640:
2625:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2559:
2556:10,000 - 2800 BP
2536:
2519:
2510:
2498:
2462:
2433:
2370:
2359:
2230:
2153:
2142:
2134:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2102:
2081:
2033:
2021:
1997:
1985:
1973:
1961:
1949:
1932:
1915:
1903:
1891:
1862:
1850:
1838:
1826:
1814:
1802:
1777:
1765:
1748:
1736:
1724:
1712:
1670:
1658:
1640:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1231:
1225:
1217:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1184:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1089:
1071:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1009:
1005:
996:
993:
987:
983:
979:
973:
964:
960:
951:
950:
944:
936:
928:
922:
919:
896:
895:
878:
867:
858:
854:
848:
844:
840:
829:
826:
820:
817:
811:
800:
796:
790:
787:
750:
745:
744:
743:
736:
731:
730:
729:
714:Reina de Guayupe
285:Barranca de Upía
250:
237:
181:Spanish conquest
66:
64:
63:
40:Total population
32:
25:
3849:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3781:
3748:
3705:
3700:
3690:
3680:
3664:
3512:
3493:
3456:
3415:
3358:
3304:
3279:
3251:
3229:Arawak-speaking
3223:
3177:
3155:
3099:
3086:
3064:
3035:
3026:Quemuenchatocha
3006:
2978:
2955:
2924:
2888:
2877:
2845:
2826:
2779:
2702:
2679:
2670:
2658:
2646:
2634:
2619:
2613:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2553:
2545:
2534:
2517:
2504:
2487:
2466:
2460:
2431:
2375:
2364:
2345:
2318:The Salt People
2312:
2249:
2228:
2147:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2099:
2094:
2079:
2067:
2036:
2027:
2015:
1991:
1979:
1967:
1955:
1943:
1926:
1909:
1897:
1885:
1856:
1844:
1832:
1820:
1808:
1796:
1780:
1771:
1759:
1742:
1730:
1718:
1706:
1673:
1664:
1652:
1631:
1303:
1298:
1262:
1260:
1248:
1245:
1243:Further reading
1218:
1215:
1202:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1123:
1116:
1114:
1087:
1082:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1018:Wayback Machine
1007:
1006:
999:
994:
990:
985:Cultura Guayupe
981:
980:
976:
962:
961:
954:
937:
930:
929:
925:
920:
899:
892:
880:
879:
870:
856:
855:
851:
842:
841:
832:
827:
823:
818:
814:
809:Wayback Machine
798:
797:
793:
788:
781:
777:
746:
741:
739:
734:Colombia portal
732:
727:
725:
722:
698:
663:Muisca religion
659:
651:Pedro de Aguado
554:
249:
235:
207:
199:Pedro de Aguado
61:
59:
35:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3847:
3845:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3816:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3758:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3693:
3683:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3555:De Castellanos
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3524:
3514:
3513:
3510:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3427:Martín Galeano
3424:
3419:
3412:
3407:
3405:Juan del Junco
3402:
3397:
3392:
3390:Gonzalo Macías
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3325:
3323:
3316:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3169:
3167:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3127:
3125:
3110:
3101:
3100:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
2993:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2909:
2907:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2842:
2836:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2665:
2653:
2641:
2628:
2626:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2513:
2511:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2426:Bogotá savanna
2423:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2380:
2378:
2376:Cundiboyacense
2366:
2365:
2362:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2138:
2137:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2105:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2022:
2010:
2009:
2008:
1998:
1986:
1974:
1962:
1950:
1938:
1933:
1921:
1916:
1904:
1892:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1868:
1863:
1851:
1839:
1827:
1815:
1803:
1790:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1749:
1737:
1725:
1713:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1683:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1659:
1646:
1644:
1637:
1636:Non-indigenous
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1417:Embera-Wounaan
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1255:(in Spanish),
1244:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1213:
1200:
1193:
1173:
1162:
1147:
1136:
1121:
1094:(in Spanish),
1078:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1040:
1021:
997:
988:
974:
967:Guayupe museum
952:
923:
897:
890:
868:
849:
830:
821:
812:
791:
778:
776:
773:
772:
771:
758:
752:
751:
737:
721:
718:
697:
694:
658:
655:
587:Fort de Salses
571:Guaviare river
553:
550:
547:
546:
537:
534:
529:
523:
522:
513:
510:
505:
499:
498:
489:
486:
481:
475:
474:
465:
462:
457:
451:
450:
441:
438:
433:
427:
426:
417:
414:
409:
403:
402:
393:
390:
385:
377:
376:
367:
364:
359:
353:
352:
343:
340:
335:
329:
328:
319:
316:
311:
305:
304:
295:
292:
287:
281:
280:
271:
268:
263:
257:
256:
253:
246:
241:
234:
231:
219:Eastern Ranges
206:
203:
128:
127:
105:
104:
100:
99:
92:
91:
87:
86:
76:
75:
71:
70:
52:
51:
47:
46:
45:250,000 (1537)
42:
41:
37:
36:
33:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3846:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3804:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3762:Museo del Oro
3760:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3708:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3679:
3678:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3667:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3625:De Piedrahita
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3535:Acosta Samper
3533:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3504:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3422:Luis Lanchero
3420:
3418:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3314:Conquistadors
3311:
3307:
3303:
3298:
3294:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3136:Saguamanchica
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3102:
3097:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3074:Tundama
3071:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3038:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2974:
2970:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2822:Hunzahúa Well
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2698:
2694:
2674:
2669:
2668:Cabildo Mayor
2666:
2662:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2608:El Infiernito
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2586:
2581:
2579:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2518:Lake Humboldt
2515:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2507:<10,000 BP
2503:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2445:Eastern Hills
2443:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Juan Amarillo
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2356:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2198:Mummification
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2114:
2112:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1290:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1258:
1257:Villavicencio
1254:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1216:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1198:
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1181:
1180:
1174:
1165:
1163:9780937862285
1159:
1155:
1154:
1148:
1139:
1137:9781443860758
1133:
1129:
1128:
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1034:
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1022:
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986:
978:
975:
972:
968:
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948:
942:
934:
927:
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918:
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914:
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904:
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869:
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850:
847:
839:
837:
835:
831:
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822:
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810:
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795:
792:
786:
784:
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770:
766:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
749:
738:
735:
724:
719:
717:
715:
711:
707:
706:Fuente de Oro
703:
695:
693:
691:
687:
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
656:
654:
652:
649:
646:According to
644:
642:
638:
633:
631:
627:
626:
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:
602:
600:
596:
593:society with
592:
588:
583:
582:pre-Columbian
578:
576:
572:
567:
563:
559:
551:
542:
533:
528:
527:Villavicencio
524:
518:
509:
504:
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494:
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456:
452:
446:
437:
432:
428:
422:
413:
408:
404:
398:
389:
384:
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382:Fuente de Oro
378:
372:
363:
358:
354:
348:
339:
334:
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324:
315:
310:
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291:
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81:
77:
72:
69:
57:
53:
48:
43:
38:
31:
26:
3695:
3685:
3675:
3669:Publications
3416:Lázaro Fonte
3160:
3116:
3106:
3069:
3040:
3031:Aquiminzaque
2999:
2989:
2912:
2785:Sacred sites
2720:Chiminigagua
2672:
2661:~1450 - 1540
2660:
2648:
2644:Early Muisca
2637:800 BC - 800
2636:
2621:
2606:
2602:Lake Herrera
2555:
2506:
2483:Tenza Valley
2478:Ocetá Páramo
2455:Suárez River
2384:Bogotá River
2300:
2168:Architecture
1977:Scandinavian
1261:, retrieved
1251:
1204:
1196:
1187:, retrieved
1185:(in Spanish)
1178:
1167:, retrieved
1152:
1141:, retrieved
1126:
1115:, retrieved
1095:
1091:
1077:Bibliography
1066:
1057:
1048:(in Spanish)
1043:
1029:(in Spanish)
1024:
1008:(in Spanish)
991:
982:(in Spanish)
977:
963:(in Spanish)
932:
926:
881:
857:(in Spanish)
852:
843:(in Spanish)
824:
815:
799:(in Spanish)
794:
713:
699:
683:
678:
675:Chiminigagua
660:
645:
634:
629:
623:
615:
611:
605:
603:
591:agricultural
579:
555:
380:
251:urban centre
248:Altitude (m)
227:Ariari River
208:
201:and others.
196:
185:
156:
154:
148:
137:
19:Ethnic group
3754:Collections
2946:Pacanchique
2936:Goranchacha
2807:Moon Temple
2770:Chibafruime
2286:Muisca raft
2163:Agriculture
2028: [
2016: [
1992: [
1980: [
1968: [
1956: [
1944: [
1927: [
1910: [
1898: [
1886: [
1857: [
1845: [
1833: [
1821: [
1809: [
1797: [
1772: [
1760: [
1743: [
1731: [
1719: [
1707: [
1665: [
1653: [
1527:Pira-tapuya
1337:Awa-Kwaiker
1098:: 171–193,
1092:Tabula Rasa
552:Description
503:San Juanito
309:El Calvario
97:Catholicism
3818:Categories
3687:El Carnero
3655:Uricoechea
3630:De Quesada
3410:Juan Tafur
3187:Neighbours
3146:Tisquesusa
3131:Meicuchuca
2802:Sun Temple
2775:Guahaioque
2760:Nencatacoa
2750:Chibchacum
2649:800 - 1200
2622:>800 BC
2541:Tequendama
2502:Prehistory
2432:Suba Hills
2208:Muysccubun
1941:Portuguese
1924:Lithuanian
1662:Venezuelan
1309:Indigenous
1263:2016-07-08
1189:2016-07-08
1169:2016-07-08
1143:2016-07-08
1117:2016-07-08
775:References
696:Modern age
661:As in the
244:Department
173:department
165:indigenous
163:-speaking
3640:Schrimpff
3610:Langebaek
3605:Izquierdo
3550:Broadbent
3540:De Aguado
3141:Nemequene
3105:Southern
2988:Northern
2951:Thomagata
2941:Idacansás
2914:El Dorado
2898:Mythology
2852:Guatavita
2755:Cuchavira
2597:Aguazuque
2374:Altiplano
2326:Zipaquirá
2213:Mythology
2178:Astronomy
2025:Ukrainian
1895:Hungarian
1876:Mennonite
1650:Argentine
1512:Patángoro
1427:Guambiano
1397:Cocamilla
1392:Chitarero
1237:254379651
1112:1794-2489
1037:El Tiempo
971:El Tiempo
941:cite book
865:El Tiempo
679:Inaynagui
215:Guayabero
74:Languages
3803:Category
3600:Humboldt
3570:Duquesne
3522:Scholars
3165:Turmequé
3107:caciques
3060:Sugamuxi
3055:Nompanim
3016:Hunzahúa
2990:caciques
2673:>2002
2618:Ceramic
2438:Wetlands
2419:Tunjuelo
2341:Sesquilé
2308:Zoratama
2281:Emeralds
2254:Specific
2235:Toponyms
2223:Religion
2218:Numerals
2183:Calendar
2080:See also
1953:Romanian
1830:Croatian
1794:Austrian
1752:Japanese
1704:Armenian
1692:Lebanese
1643:Americas
1537:Quimbaya
1457:Kankuamo
1382:Carijona
1377:Carabayo
1347:Barasana
1222:citation
1179:Guayupes
1014:Archived
805:Archived
720:See also
669:and the
657:Religion
625:caciques
607:caciques
455:Restrepo
333:Cubarral
169:Colombia
90:Religion
80:Arawakan
68:Colombia
3697:Epítome
3677:Elegías
3615:De Lugo
3565:Correal
3275:Yarigui
3247:Guayupe
3237:Achagua
3209:Sutagao
3161:cacique
3082:Tundama
3070:cacique
2857:Iguaque
2840:Fúquene
2832:Natural
2765:Chaquén
2745:Huitaca
2740:Bochica
2712:Deities
2632:Herrera
2591:Sáchica
2584:Nemocón
2577:Galindo
2524:El Abra
2493:History
2409:Teusacá
2331:Nemocón
2240:Warfare
2229:Society
2193:Economy
2188:Cuisine
2156:General
2058:Mestizo
2048:African
2001:Spanish
1989:Slovene
1965:Russian
1919:Italian
1818:British
1806:Belgian
1769:Turkish
1740:Iranian
1716:Chinese
1617:Yarigui
1582:Tinigua
1567:Tariana
1562:Tairona
1552:Sutagao
1547:Siriano
1532:Quechua
1422:Guahibo
1387:Chimila
1332:Arhuaco
1327:Andoque
1322:Andaquí
1317:Achagua
1183:(video)
1031:1996 -
965:1999 -
859:2007 -
769:Sutagao
761:Achagua
702:ceramic
690:tobacco
648:scholar
630:cacique
616:cacique
612:cacique
407:Granada
357:Cumaral
261:Acacías
188:Guahibo
159:are an
157:Guayupe
138:Guayupe
117:Sutagao
109:Guahibo
23:Guayupe
3701:(1889)
3691:(1638)
3681:(1589)
3650:Triana
3620:Ocampo
3595:Hammen
3585:Gamboa
3580:Friede
3575:Freyle
3545:Arango
3530:Acosta
3265:Panche
3151:Sagipa
3123:Bacatá
3047:Suamox
3021:Michuá
2878:Ubaque
2867:Suesca
2862:Siecha
2846:Guasca
2725:Bachué
2571:Checua
2551:Lithic
2529:Tibitó
2404:Soacha
2271:Chicha
2146:Topics
2133:Muisca
2063:Romani
2053:Jewish
2041:Others
2006:Basque
1936:Polish
1871:German
1866:French
1786:Europe
1757:Korean
1728:Indian
1697:Syrian
1602:Witoto
1587:Tucano
1577:Ticuna
1557:Tahamí
1517:Piaroa
1507:Panche
1497:Nutabe
1482:Muisca
1477:Mokaná
1472:Macuna
1412:Emberá
1362:Calima
1342:Baniwa
1235:
1211:
1160:
1134:
1110:
888:
756:Muisca
677:, was
641:casabe
620:chicha
431:Guamal
192:Muisca
161:Arawak
113:Muisca
65:
3719:ICANH
3660:Zerda
3645:Simón
3590:Groot
3560:Celis
3363:Minor
3322:Major
3242:Tegua
3219:Lache
3214:Guane
3042:iraca
3007:Hunza
3001:zaque
2906:Myths
2794:Built
2535:Sueva
2414:Torca
2394:Fucha
2336:Tausa
2302:Tunjo
2291:Ruana
2245:Women
2203:Music
2032:]
2020:]
2013:Swiss
1996:]
1984:]
1972:]
1960:]
1948:]
1931:]
1914:]
1907:Irish
1902:]
1890:]
1883:Greek
1861:]
1854:Dutch
1849:]
1842:Czech
1837:]
1825:]
1813:]
1801:]
1776:]
1764:]
1747:]
1735:]
1723:]
1711:]
1669:]
1657:]
1622:Yukpa
1612:Yagua
1597:Wayuu
1572:Tegua
1542:Siona
1522:Pijao
1492:Nukak
1467:Lache
1447:Hupda
1432:Guane
1407:Cubeo
1402:Cofán
1372:Cauca
1367:Camsá
1088:(PDF)
765:Tegua
564:from
512:1795
318:1987
240:Name
223:Andes
121:Tegua
3744:UPTC
3270:Muzo
3204:U'wa
3118:zipa
2872:Tota
2730:Chía
2389:Frío
2296:Tejo
2276:Duit
1687:Arab
1679:Asia
1627:Zenú
1607:Wiwa
1592:U'wa
1502:Paez
1487:Muzo
1462:Kogi
1452:Inga
1442:Hiwi
1437:Guna
1357:Barí
1352:Bora
1233:OCLC
1228:link
1209:ISBN
1158:ISBN
1132:ISBN
1108:ISSN
947:link
886:ISBN
710:urns
688:and
686:coca
671:Moon
639:and
637:yuca
599:gold
595:yuca
566:Coro
536:467
532:Meta
508:Meta
488:510
484:Meta
464:570
460:Meta
440:525
436:Meta
416:372
412:Meta
392:359
388:Meta
366:452
362:Meta
342:534
338:Meta
314:Meta
294:200
290:Meta
270:498
266:Meta
255:Map
213:and
211:Upía
177:Meta
155:The
149:Coca
125:U'wa
56:Meta
3163:of
3121:of
3072:of
3045:of
3004:of
2735:Sué
2173:Art
1100:doi
667:Sun
175:of
3820::
2030:es
2018:es
1994:es
1982:es
1970:es
1958:es
1946:es
1929:es
1912:es
1900:es
1888:es
1859:es
1847:es
1835:es
1823:es
1811:es
1799:es
1774:es
1762:es
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1733:es
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1709:es
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1655:es
1224:}}
1220:{{
1106:,
1096:17
1090:,
1035:-
1000:^
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955:^
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833:^
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681:.
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2663:)
2659:(
2651:)
2647:(
2639:)
2635:(
2624:)
2620:(
2558:)
2554:(
2509:)
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1102::
949:)
894:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
