260:
83:
242:
Several forest types can be distinguished. Hygrophilous coastal evergreen forests occur in moist locations between Sierra Leone and Gabon in an intermittent coastal strip; these forests are often rich in legume family species which may regenerate freely and form pure stands. Mixed moist
231:
243:
semi-evergreen forests occur extensively, especially in the Congo Basin, in somewhat drier locations. Drier peripheral semi-evergreen forest border the mixed moist forests to north and south and are subject to fire damage from adjoining
218:
species and a few others. However, there is a transition zone where the two floras, each in an impoverished form, intermingle or occur in a mosaic pattern, influenced by climatic factors and
101:. The terrain is generally under 1,000 m (3,300 ft) and the annual rainfall is typically in the range 1,600 to 2,000 mm (63 to 79 in). The forest is tall with a dense
105:, 30 m (100 ft) or more above the ground, with emergent trees up to 60 m (200 ft) tall, and with several layers. The constituent trees are mostly
323:, a region of Ghana and Benin where the drier forest-savanna mosaic extends all the way to the coast, separating the Upper Guinean and Lower Guinean forest blocs.
564:
Linder, H. Peter, Helen M. de Klerk Julia Born et al. (2012). "The partitioning of Africa: statistically defined biogeographical regions in subâSaharan Africa".
549:
Linder, H. Peter, Helen M. de Klerk Julia Born et al. (2012). "The partitioning of Africa: statistically defined biogeographical regions in subâSaharan Africa".
251:
and swamp forests occur where conditions are suitable but have more open canopies. Short forest and scrub forest occur on rocky hills and areas with thin soils.
598:
524:
508:
411:
51:
773:
642:
591:
862:
637:
370:
456:
Torti, Sylvia D.; Coley, Phyllis D. (1999). "Tropical
Monodominance: A Preliminary Test of the Ectomycorrhizal Hypothesis".
893:
888:
844:
829:
705:
259:
109:
or semi-evergreen, with a scattering of deciduous species. In the wetter areas, the trees may be clad with numerous
898:
768:
584:
824:
215:
179:
491:
White, F.; Werger, M.J.A. (1978). "The Guineo-Congolian transition to southern Africa". In M.J.A. Werger (ed.).
903:
710:
276:
157:
690:
857:
788:
695:
685:
528:
312:
191:
750:
632:
569:
554:
247:
regions. Monospecific forests occur as patches in evergreen or semi-evergreen forests in the Congo Basin.
167:
90:
867:
806:
798:
700:
677:
657:
347:
333:
272:
740:
783:
139:
745:
185:
97:
The Guineo-Congolian region is a tropical, lowland rain forest area, typified by the forests of the
852:
735:
652:
627:
263:
173:
133:
296:
816:
720:
473:
86:
834:
760:
504:
407:
127:
401:
778:
496:
465:
211:
200:
151:
102:
70:, but little undisturbed primary forest now remains, having been replaced in many areas by
115:
403:
Wildland Fire
Management Handbook for Sub-Sahara Africa: Guineo-Congolian Lowland Forests
113:, but these are less common in drier areas. Large trees typical of these forests include
161:. Some parts of the forest are dominated by a single species, typically a member of the
17:
667:
619:
469:
308:
248:
145:
121:
43:
336:, extend through portions of Togo, Nigeria, and Cameroon, from the Dahomey Gap to the
882:
715:
196:
477:
662:
607:
375:
352:, which extends along the Atlantic coast from the Sanaga River to the mouth of the
337:
288:
82:
67:
35:
576:
500:
647:
357:
353:
320:
280:
230:
98:
63:
47:
222:. This makes it difficult to define an exact boundary between the two regions.
219:
214:
are for the most part almost mutually exclusive, apart from a small number of
106:
430:
315:
lie further inland in the mountains of central Guinea and central Togo and
730:
235:
162:
110:
725:
292:
244:
71:
59:
39:
284:
55:
611:
316:
300:
258:
229:
81:
495:. Monographiae Biologicae, vol. 31. Springer. pp. 599â620.
304:
580:
210:
The floras of the Guineo-Congolian region and the adjoining
319:. The Upper Guinean forests are bounded on the east by the
307:
in the east, and a few hundred kilometres inland from the
207:
forms 90% of the tree species present in the canopy.
400:
Goldammer, Johann Georg; De Ronde, Cornelis (2004).
843:
815:
797:
759:
676:
618:
203:of northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo,
62:. Formerly, this region was largely covered in
592:
8:
527:. World Wide Fund for Nature. Archived from
493:Biogeography and Ecology of Southern Africa
395:
393:
391:
599:
585:
577:
283:. The Upper Guinean forests extend from
387:
425:
423:
7:
66:, on both well-drained sites and in
470:10.1111/j.1744-7429.1999.tb00134.x
266:seen from a fish farm, Ivory Coast
93:, Democratic Republic of the Congo
25:
406:. African Minds. pp. 22â23.
38:region in Africa straddling the
27:Biogeographical region in Africa
435:Africa: Global Ecological Zones
835:Central Australian or Eremaean
371:Guinean Forests of West Africa
356:, and east across the central
1:
568:Volume 39, Issue 7 May 2012.
553:Volume 39, Issue 7 May 2012.
330:Nigerian-Cameroonian province
74:and secondary-growth forest.
501:10.1007/978-94-009-9951-0_14
920:
863:South Subantarctic Islands
311:coast. A few enclaves of
199:stands. In places in the
180:Gilbertiodendron dewevrei
158:Petersianthus macrocarpus
706:St. Helena and Ascension
277:tropical seasonal forest
42:and stretching from the
18:Guineo-Congolian forests
638:North American Atlantic
566:Journal of Biogeography
551:Journal of Biogeography
525:"Guinean moist forests"
195:, which form extensive
192:Michelsonia microphylla
32:Guineo-Congolian region
431:"Tropical rain forest"
267:
239:
234:Gallery forest in the
168:Brachystegia laurentii
94:
91:Okapi Wildlife Reserve
799:South African Kingdom
678:Paleotropical Kingdom
334:Lower Guinean forests
273:Upper Guinean forests
262:
233:
85:
332:, also known as the
291:in the west through
186:Julbernardia seretii
894:Paleotropical flora
761:Neotropical Kingdom
255:Floristic provinces
174:Cynometra alexandri
134:Lovoa trichilioides
52:Congo / Nile divide
889:Afrotropical realm
817:Australian Kingdom
531:on 3 November 2016
268:
240:
95:
899:Floristic regions
876:
875:
845:Antarctic Kingdom
774:Guayana Highlands
691:Usambara-Zululand
620:Holarctic Kingdom
608:Floristic regions
510:978-94-009-9953-4
413:978-1-919833-65-1
128:Guarea thompsonii
16:(Redirected from
911:
858:Chile-Patagonian
696:Sudano-Zambezian
686:Guineo-Congolian
601:
594:
587:
578:
571:
562:
556:
547:
541:
540:
538:
536:
521:
515:
514:
488:
482:
481:
453:
447:
446:
444:
442:
427:
418:
417:
397:
212:Zambezian Region
201:Ituri Rainforest
152:Pericopsis elata
140:Maranthes glabra
89:flowing through
21:
919:
918:
914:
913:
912:
910:
909:
908:
904:Flora of Africa
879:
878:
877:
872:
839:
811:
793:
755:
672:
633:Eastern Asiatic
614:
605:
575:
574:
563:
559:
548:
544:
534:
532:
523:
522:
518:
511:
490:
489:
485:
455:
454:
450:
440:
438:
429:
428:
421:
414:
399:
398:
389:
384:
367:
257:
249:Gallery forests
228:
116:Entandrophragma
80:
36:biogeographical
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
917:
915:
907:
906:
901:
896:
891:
881:
880:
874:
873:
871:
870:
865:
860:
855:
849:
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
832:
827:
821:
819:
813:
812:
810:
809:
803:
801:
795:
794:
792:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
765:
763:
757:
756:
754:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
682:
680:
674:
673:
671:
670:
665:
663:Irano-Turanian
660:
658:Saharo-Arabian
655:
650:
645:
643:Rocky Mountain
640:
635:
630:
624:
622:
616:
615:
606:
604:
603:
596:
589:
581:
573:
572:
557:
542:
516:
509:
483:
464:(2): 220â228.
448:
419:
412:
386:
385:
383:
380:
379:
378:
373:
366:
363:
362:
361:
342:
341:
325:
324:
313:montane forest
275:province is a
256:
253:
236:Simandou Range
227:
224:
146:Parkia bicolor
122:Guarea cedrata
79:
76:
44:Atlantic Ocean
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
916:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
886:
884:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
848:
846:
842:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
820:
818:
814:
808:
805:
804:
802:
800:
796:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
764:
762:
758:
752:
751:Neocaledonian
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
681:
679:
675:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
653:Mediterranean
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
625:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
602:
597:
595:
590:
588:
583:
582:
579:
570:
567:
561:
558:
555:
552:
546:
543:
530:
526:
520:
517:
512:
506:
502:
498:
494:
487:
484:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
452:
449:
436:
432:
426:
424:
420:
415:
409:
405:
404:
396:
394:
392:
388:
381:
377:
374:
372:
369:
368:
364:
359:
355:
351:
349:
344:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:CĂ´te d'Ivoire
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
269:
265:
261:
254:
252:
250:
246:
237:
232:
225:
223:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:
188:
187:
182:
181:
176:
175:
170:
169:
164:
160:
159:
154:
153:
148:
147:
142:
141:
136:
135:
130:
129:
124:
123:
118:
117:
112:
108:
104:
100:
92:
88:
84:
77:
75:
73:
69:
68:swamp forests
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
868:Neozeylandic
853:Fernandezian
648:Macaronesian
628:Circumboreal
565:
560:
550:
545:
533:. Retrieved
529:the original
519:
492:
486:
461:
457:
451:
439:. Retrieved
434:
402:
376:Phytochorion
346:
340:in Cameroon.
338:Sanaga River
329:
289:Sierra Leone
264:Banco Forest
241:
226:Subdivisions
216:cosmopolitan
209:
204:
197:monodominant
190:
184:
178:
172:
166:
156:
150:
144:
138:
132:
126:
120:
114:
96:
46:through the
31:
29:
721:Indochinese
701:Karoo-Namib
358:Congo Basin
354:Congo River
321:Dahomey Gap
281:West Africa
205:G. dewevrei
99:Congo Basin
87:Epulu River
78:Description
64:rain forest
48:Congo Basin
883:Categories
741:Polynesian
711:Madagascan
458:Biotropica
382:References
279:region of
220:soil types
165:, such as
830:Southwest
825:Northeast
784:Brazilian
779:Amazonian
769:Caribbean
731:Papuasian
348:Congolian
111:epiphytes
107:evergreen
746:Hawaiian
726:Malesian
478:85651683
365:See also
350:province
309:Atlantic
238:, Guinea
163:Fabaceae
668:Madrean
610:of the
535:29 June
441:28 June
293:Liberia
245:savanna
72:savanna
60:Burundi
50:to the
40:Equator
789:Andean
736:Fijian
716:Indian
507:
476:
410:
285:Guinea
119:spp.,
103:canopy
56:Rwanda
612:world
474:S2CID
437:. FAO
317:Benin
301:Ghana
34:is a
807:Cape
537:2019
505:ISBN
443:2019
408:ISBN
345:The
328:The
305:Togo
299:and
287:and
271:The
155:and
58:and
30:The
497:doi
466:doi
303:to
189:or
54:in
885::
503:.
472:.
462:31
460:.
433:.
422:^
390:^
295:,
183:,
177:,
171:,
149:,
143:,
137:,
131:,
125:,
600:e
593:t
586:v
539:.
513:.
499::
480:.
468::
445:.
416:.
360:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
