70:. At the time, Marsh was a highway engineer but unemployed. After getting his hamsters, he learned to breed them and founded Marsh Enterprises and the Gulf Hamstery, which promoted Syrian hamsters as pets, for laboratory use, and in business schemes. Marsh took advertisements in magazines, comics, and livestock trade journals which praised hamsters as pets and presented the idea that breeding hamsters was a good business investment. In his business, he shipped hamsters to people who would be breeders, then he coordinated the shipment of various breeders' hamsters to other breeders or to laboratories.
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The hamstery business peaked from 1948–1951 then profitability dropped to almost nothing in the early 1950s. The market changed when small hamsteries, most of which started with hamsters from Marsh, became available everywhere and satisfied local demand for pet hamsters. Marsh's Gulf
Hamstery closed
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In 1949, 14-year old
Everett Engle founded Engle Laboratory Animals based on a Gulf Hamstery order for a male and two female hamsters along with the book. Within two years Engle had a stable business selling hamsters to laboratories. By his mid-twenties hamster husbandry was his full-time job, and
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Marsh was successful in part because of the professionalism he brought to the art of hamster husbandry. In 1946, Marsh began a campaign to legalize the ownership of hamsters in
California, where it was prohibited. On 10 February 1948, with the help of the governor of Alabama and others, Marsh was
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The Murphy source says that Faget managed the
Louisiana breeding stock and that Marsh "possibly" got his hamsters from there. Marsh in his own book talks about the research laboratory in Louisiana and mentions no other lab, even though he does not say his hamsters came from this lab. The Helms
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and living in New Jersey, and he founded the hamstery after refusing his employer's request that he move with his family to work in another location. Slater's breeding stock of hamsters originated in the Gulf
Hamstery. Slater developed a hamster with a defined
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successful in convincing the
California State Department of Agriculture to designate Syrian hamsters as "normally domesticated animals". Also by 1948 Gulf Hamstery employed 18 people including 5 office staff. 1948 was the first publication of Marsh's book
454:
375:
Murphy, Michael R. (1985). "History of the
Capture and Domestication of the Syrian Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus Waterhouse)". In Siegel, Harold I. (ed.).
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newspaper article says that Marsh's hamsters "no doubt" came from
Louisiana. No identified source gives an alternate explanation.
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Smith, Gerald D. (2012). "Hamsters – Taxonomy and
History". In Suckow, Mark A.; Stevens, Karla A.; Wilson, Ronald P. (eds.).
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as advice. The two largest hamsteries founded in this way were Engle
Laboratory Animals and the Lakeview Hamster Colony.
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acquired Engle Laboratories. As of 2009 Engle's three sons have continued their careers as animal breeders for Harlan.
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environment, and he also introduced other innovations in laboratory hamster breeding. In 1969 he sold Lakeview to
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78:, which had a distribution of 80,000 copies by its 6th edition in 1951. In 1951 Gulf Hamstery generated
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130:. By the 1970s Engle Laborary Animals was delivering 14,000 hamsters per week to laboratories. In 1984
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industry in the United States. It operated between 1946 through the early 1950s and was located in
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Marsh's book instructed hamster owners on hamster care and establishing a business hamstery
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Various hamsteries were founded with hamsters from the Gulf Hamstery stock and by using
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Steven Slater founded the Lakeview Hamster Colony. At the time he was an employee of
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in the 1950s. Marsh later moved to California and operated a quail breedery.
407:(1st ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 747–753.
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431:, a presentation of the advertising campaign of Gulf Hamstery
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The laboratory rabbit, guinea pig, hamster, and other rodents
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This advertisement from Gulf Hamstery appeared in numerous
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122:thanked the Engle family for providing hamsters (
34:was a hamstery which established the commercial
193:"Give a hamster a treat: 70 years in the U.S."
398:(4 ed.). Mobile, Alabama: Gulf Hamstery.
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377:The Hamster : reproduction and behavior
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460:Companies based in Mobile, Alabama
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191:Helms, Dave (20 October 2008).
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102:his regular clients included
27:magazines around 1948–1951.
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379:. New York: Plenum Press.
152:Charles River Laboratories
429:"Read the Hamster Manual"
394:Marsh, Albert F. (1949).
58:In 1946 Albert Marsh of
124:"Billy" & "Debbie"
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116:Eli Lilly and Company
90:Related organizations
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112:Dow Chemical Company
146:by raising it in a
68:Carville, Louisiana
396:The Hamster Manual
96:The Hamster Manual
76:The Hamster Manual
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197:The Seattle Times
16:American hamstery
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64:Guy Henry Faget
60:Mobile, Alabama
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40:Mobile, Alabama
25:popular science
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450:Golden hamster
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201:. Retrieved
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108:Mead Johnson
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82:in revenue.
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299:Murphy 1985
268:Murphy 1985
229:Murphy 1985
203:28 December
170:Murphy 1985
118:. In 1961,
80:US$ 200,000
439:Categories
386:030641791X
369:References
360:Smith 2012
335:Smith 2012
318:Smith 2012
280:Marsh 1949
241:Marsh 1949
144:microbiota
148:sterile
46:History
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132:Harlan
114:, and
104:Pfizer
158:Notes
126:) to
409:ISBN
381:ISBN
205:2015
66:in
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