82:
2358:
1479:
hectares, but had shrunk alarmingly by around 10.3 hectares to its current 5.7 hectares in less than three decades. According to J K Patterson Edward, director of
Suganthi Devadasan Marine Research Institute (SDMRI), Tuticorin,"Rampant coral mining by people of the fishing villages along the coast is the main cause of the devastation to the island. Coral mining was banned in 2005, but the damage had already been done." Two of the 21 islands have already submerged around a decade ago.
115:
820:
1454:
3253:
122:
89:
1112:
1124:
2353:
2363:
1430:
deforestation, industry, urbanization and septic pollution. It appears that the coral reefs of the Gulf of Mannar Marine
National Park seem to be healthy and in good condition, despite high rates of sedimentation and other threats. However, live coral cover is only about 35%. Various algae cover much of the dead coral.
1444:
constitute the dominant reef builders here. Coral reefs near some of the islands have been heavily damaged by exploitation as raw materials for industrial ventures such as cement industries, brick manufacture, masonry work and lime kilns. Though legal quarrying of the reefs is now stopped, up to 250
2094:
Edward J. K Patterson, Mathews Edward G., Patterson
Jamilla, Wilhelmsson Dan, Tamelander Jerjer, Linden Olaf (April 2007) Coral Reefs of The Gulf of Mannar, Southeastern India-Distribution, Diversity and Status, special Research Publication # 12, Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, J.K.
1478:
Experts say that Vaan Island, one of the four islands of the
Tuticorn group, has split in two and if immediate efforts are not taken then the island would soon vanish under the sea. Vaan Island, which is the southernmost of the 21 islands in the Gulf of Mannar, was initially spread across 16
1429:
rising up from depths of 2 to 9 m. and extending up to 2 km. long and 50 m. wide. Large areas of these reefs are in generally poor condition due to destructive human activities of the 150,000 persons living along the coast. Nutrient and other pollution loads are high due to agriculture,
2104:
Venkataswaran Dr. V (January 2000) Status Survey of Gulf of Mannar Coral Reefs, Marine
Biological Station, Zoological Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of India, 100 San Thome High Road, Chennai, India,
340:. It lies between 8° 47' to 9° 15' N latitude and 78° 12' to 79° 14' E longitude. The 21 islands vary from 0.25 hectares (0.62 acres) to 130 ha. (321.2 acres). The total area of the islands is 6.23 km (2.41 sq mi).
1465:
The islands are uninhabited except for
Krusadai, Musal and Nallathanni islands where antipoaching sheds are operating. Along the coast near the park there are about 125 villages which support about 100,000 people who are mainly
1029:
was recently populated. Its surrounding shallow waters harbour three species of seagrass that are found nowhere else in India. Representatives of every animal phylum known (except amphibians) are found on this
1298:
About 510 (23%) of the 2,200 fin fish species in Indian waters are found in the Gulf, making it the most highly diverse fish habitat in India. Coral associated ornamental fishes of the family
Chaetodontidae
1196:) is the only endemic plant species. 12 species of sea grass and 147 species of seaweeds were recorded. This vegetation provides important feeding grounds for vulnerable marine mammals such as the
3289:
1668:
1937:
2514:
2148:
183:
2281:
3434:
2253:
2059:
1488:
81:
4133:
1997:(Linnaeus) in the Gulf of Mannar. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India. 26. 168-170. Marine Mammal Conservation Network of India. Submit a Record.
1855:
3699:
4865:
3282:
1498:
114:
4870:
3525:
3444:
1999:
3515:
1503:
3106:
3637:
3601:
3424:
3275:
4850:
3653:
2246:
3404:
3101:
1523:
1071:
1035:
1001:
969:
937:
905:
873:
840:
789:
757:
725:
693:
661:
629:
597:
557:
525:
493:
453:
420:
388:
356:
1764:
1556:
4306:
4126:
3586:
3454:
3439:
3414:
3399:
2608:
2542:
2312:
4676:
4671:
3692:
3540:
3535:
2532:
2317:
2196:
1675:
2214:
1941:
4458:
3485:
3449:
2342:
2327:
2209:
4073:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3256:
3180:
2332:
2239:
2158:
302:
1967:
along Gulf of Mannar coast. Marine
Fisheries Information Service, Technical and Extension Series, 95. pp. 12-14. Eprints@CMFRI.
3195:
2743:
2262:
1240:
56:
2070:
4875:
4845:
4119:
3617:
3520:
3419:
3312:
2379:
2122:. Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thoothukudi. Archived from
41:
4324:
2116:
1826:
1634:
1421:, including 13 new species, giving a total of 117 species from 14 families and 40 genus. The reefs in this area are narrow
4142:
4080:
3685:
3298:
3129:
3040:
3002:
2588:
1799:
4656:
4646:
4356:
4319:
4268:
4100:
4069:
4046:
3596:
3490:
3464:
3429:
2874:
2748:
2631:
2425:
1852:
1772:
1602:"Annual Project review, Conservation and sustainable use of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve's Coastal Biodiversity"
4747:
4686:
4580:
4096:
4062:
3627:
3550:
3530:
3510:
3338:
2892:
2869:
2758:
2733:
2496:
2430:
2322:
2292:
2226:
4631:
4235:
4194:
4058:
3565:
3480:
3409:
3358:
3223:
2979:
2705:
2636:
2302:
2187:
1906:
305:
which includes a 10 km buffer zone around the park, including the populated coastal area. The park has a high
4855:
4835:
4696:
4585:
4565:
4084:
3560:
3495:
3459:
3343:
3322:
3170:
3017:
2776:
2337:
4814:
4742:
4230:
4092:
4088:
3666:
3505:
3233:
3185:
2738:
2593:
2274:
2117:"Biodiversity and biology of marine ornamental reef fishes of Gulf of Mannar – parrotfishes (family: scaridae)"
270:
2183:
4840:
4757:
4681:
4651:
4263:
4054:
4050:
3632:
3591:
3555:
3545:
3500:
3363:
3238:
3228:
3111:
3073:
2943:
2915:
2821:
2715:
2621:
2598:
2570:
2491:
2435:
2384:
2003:
1601:
155:
4691:
4608:
4527:
3793:
3622:
3581:
3368:
3218:
3175:
3078:
3068:
3012:
2984:
2859:
2854:
2839:
2700:
2626:
2616:
2407:
2307:
1704:
4809:
4291:
3134:
3022:
2961:
2849:
2816:
2753:
2565:
2473:
2455:
2402:
17:
2206:
Conservation and
Sustainable-use of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve's Coastal Biodiversity, UNDP
1923:
336:
The 560 km (220 sq mi) park is part of the 140 km long and 25 km wide Mannar
4860:
4767:
4762:
4752:
4661:
4430:
3348:
3190:
3152:
3058:
3007:
2938:
2920:
2897:
2811:
2796:
2547:
2445:
2197:
Speech of Thiru. T.R. Baalu, Honorable Union
Minister of Environment and Forests, Government of India
1493:
2199:
1863:
3709:
2864:
2806:
2801:
2786:
2781:
2677:
2659:
2450:
2440:
1208:
1150:
Mangroves dominate the intertidal zones of the park islands. They consist of species of the genera
3213:
2791:
2695:
2153:
1524:"Conservation and Sustainable-use of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve's Coastal Biodiversity"
1418:
1354:, a living fossil that links invertebrates and vertebrates, has been recorded only at Kurusadai.
1260:
1229:
64:
1584:
Coastal ecosystems : environmental importance, current challenges and conservation measures
1530:
1414:
1256:
2062:
Conservation and Sustainable-use of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve's Coastal Biodiversity
1776:
1560:
1467:
234:
4737:
4732:
4613:
4379:
3969:
3909:
3743:
2537:
2394:
1800:"Vegetation status in the offshore islands of Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park, Tamil Nadu"
1264:
325:
321:
1981:
4278:
4245:
4010:
3738:
2580:
1276:
1244:
242:
4714:
3853:
3823:
1859:
1391:
1248:
1188:
314:
3677:
2028:"Coral Reefs of India: Review of Their Extent, Condition, Research and Management Status"
1669:"Status of Coral Reefs of the Tuticorin Coast, Gulf of Mannar, Southeast Coast of India"
819:
4641:
4575:
4570:
4542:
4440:
4417:
4374:
4150:
4015:
3959:
3828:
3778:
3763:
3317:
2768:
2371:
1453:
1340:
1300:
1284:
1252:
310:
282:
2030:. FAO, Regional Workshop on the Conservation and Sustainable Management of Coral Reefs
4829:
4724:
4590:
4557:
4329:
4020:
4005:
4000:
3858:
3838:
3808:
3768:
3758:
3748:
3723:
3144:
1910:
1853:
http://www.tuticorincity.info/plan-your-tour/Gulf-of-Mannar-Marine-National-Park.html
1422:
1375:
1347:
1232:
67:
45:
1993:
Marichamy R., Rajapandian M.E., Srinivasan A., 1984. The stranding of rorqual whale
1733:
4793:
4777:
4772:
4547:
4532:
4522:
4425:
4286:
4158:
3990:
3974:
3944:
3929:
3919:
3904:
3899:
3863:
3833:
3798:
3788:
3753:
3083:
2844:
2483:
2069:. United Nations Development Programme, Global Environment Facility. Archived from
1433:
1204:
1111:
306:
286:
151:
2123:
1830:
4801:
4787:
4537:
4486:
4468:
4450:
4435:
4333:
4296:
4030:
3995:
3954:
3939:
3878:
3843:
3783:
3733:
3267:
3205:
3162:
2831:
2027:
1642:
1328:
1319:
1272:
1268:
1123:
1100:
347:
298:
294:
1877:
1803:
4666:
4623:
4463:
4402:
4338:
4212:
3964:
3949:
3934:
3848:
3813:
3803:
3728:
3050:
2095:
Patterson Edward, Director, 44 Beach Road, Tuticorn, Tamil Nadu, 628001 India
1903:
1426:
1407:
1395:
1351:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1292:
1201:
1193:
1176:
1152:
1132:
337:
290:
278:
159:
1086:
1073:
1050:
1037:
1016:
1003:
984:
971:
952:
939:
920:
907:
888:
875:
855:
842:
804:
791:
772:
759:
740:
727:
708:
695:
676:
663:
644:
631:
612:
599:
572:
559:
540:
527:
508:
495:
468:
455:
435:
422:
403:
390:
371:
358:
198:
185:
4600:
4504:
4348:
4240:
4176:
3868:
3093:
2994:
2907:
2710:
2687:
2669:
1437:
1399:
1383:
1288:
1280:
1164:
1158:
1140:
1116:
588:
1882:
Cetacean habitat directory for MPAs, national and international sanctuaries
2231:
2221:
448:, now 1 m below mean low tide level as a result of excessive coral mining.
4384:
4314:
4025:
3924:
3914:
3818:
2953:
2641:
1712:
Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Newsletter, Vol 2.3 Issue 5, p.2
1458:
1441:
1236:
1235:, is the flagship mammal of the park. It is an important habitat for the
1182:
1144:
831:
4111:
4706:
4496:
4478:
4407:
4255:
4222:
3121:
2930:
2884:
2557:
2524:
1667:
J. K. Patterson Edward; Jamila Patterson; G. Mathews; Dan Wilhelmsson.
1557:"Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park - Tamil Nadu Forest Dept. (GOMNP)"
1387:
1379:
1367:
1170:
1136:
1963:
Kasim H.M., Balasubramanian S.T., 1989. On the stranding of Sei whale
4514:
4394:
4366:
3883:
3873:
3773:
3032:
2971:
2725:
2651:
1403:
1363:
1225:
1197:
484:
60:
1968:
1954:. Marine Mammal Conservation Network of India. retrieved 13-05-2014
1924:
http://www.jetwingeco.com/content/accounts-whale-watching-sri-lanka
1586:. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. p. 15.
4186:
4168:
2465:
2417:
1609:
UNDP GEF APR/PIR 2006 – Biodiversity (1 July 2005 to 30 June 2006)
1122:
318:
274:
163:
55:
1825:
E.V. Muley; J.R.B. Alfred; K. Venkataraman; M.V.M. Wafar (2000).
1641:. Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University. Archived from
1371:
4115:
3681:
3271:
2235:
554:
Nalla Thanni, 101.00 ha, elevation 11.9 m (recently populated)
4204:
2506:
1674:. Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute. Archived from
1582:
Madhav, Sughosh; Nazneen, Sadaf; Singh, Pardeep, eds. (2021).
1068:
There were two more islands named Pandayan and Punnaiyadi at
1186:
is dominant on land in all the islands. The flowering herb
121:
88:
1982:
http://www.psu.edu/dept/nkbiology/India/Gulf_of_Mannar.pdf
1559:. Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve Trust. Archived from
1425:
located 150 to 300 m. from the shore of the islands and
1413:
The coral fauna includes 106 species from 30 genus of
328:
rides. It was established as a National Park in 1986.
289:. It lies 1 to 10 km away from the east coast of
2200:
Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve Trust, Ramanadapuram
1984:. Biosphere Reserve Project. retrieved on 13-05-2014
1470:, a local community principally engaged in fishing.
4800:
4786:
4723:
4705:
4622:
4599:
4556:
4513:
4495:
4477:
4449:
4416:
4393:
4365:
4347:
4305:
4277:
4254:
4221:
4203:
4185:
4167:
4149:
4039:
3983:
3892:
3716:
3646:
3610:
3574:
3473:
3377:
3331:
3305:
3204:
3161:
3143:
3120:
3092:
3049:
3031:
2993:
2970:
2952:
2929:
2906:
2883:
2830:
2767:
2724:
2686:
2668:
2650:
2607:
2579:
2556:
2523:
2505:
2482:
2464:
2416:
2393:
2370:
2291:
230:
222:
214:
177:
169:
146:
34:
2282:Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
1714:. National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai
1489:Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education
1769:Ecologically Important Areas of Tamil Nadu Coast
1639:Ecologically Important Areas of Tamil Nadu Coast
1099:that were destroyed for construction of the new
1926:. Jetwing Eco Holidays. retrieved on 13-05-2014
1529:. UNDP, Project Brief, New York. Archived from
1283:, and critically endangered species including
324:. Public access inside the park is limited to
235:Tamil Nadu Ministry of Environment and Forests
4127:
3693:
3283:
2247:
2149:"Gulf of Mannar isle splits in two, may sink"
1802:. Wildlife Institute of India. Archived from
1445:m/day of reef were destroyed for many years.
8:
1662:
1660:
1131:The park includes marine components such as
343:The islands (listed southwest to northeast)
2115:V.K.Venkataramani and N. Jayakumar (2007).
1904:http://www.hotelsatmaldives.com/Whales.html
1595:
1593:
1499:Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute
658:Poovarasan Patti, 0.50 ha, elevation 1.2 m
134:Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park (India)
4642:Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary
4134:
4120:
4112:
3700:
3686:
3678:
3290:
3276:
3268:
2254:
2240:
2232:
1065:Tidal amplitude in the area is about .5m.
522:Puluvini Challi, 6.12 ha, elevation 5.5 m
31:
1922:Accounts of Whale Watching in Sri Lanka.
1734:"Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, India"
1884:. Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society
1504:Fisheries College and Research Institute
1452:
1110:
818:
4637:Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve
1698:
1696:
1628:
1626:
1514:
18:Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve
1759:
1757:
1755:
1980:Miller M., Scott A., Gulf of Mannar.
1878:"Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park"
1851:Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park.
1765:"Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park"
626:Vali Munai, 6.72 ha, elevation 1.2 m
490:Uppu Thanni, 22.94 ha, elevation 4 m
7:
145:
4866:Protected areas established in 1986
722:Talairi, 75.15 ha, elevation 2.7 m
594:Anaipar, 11.00 ha, elevation 2.1 m
267:Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park
128:Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park
95:Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park
35:Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park
4677:Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary
4672:Suchindram Theroor Wetland Complex
2222:Sea turtles and their Conservation
1635:"Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve"
837:Musal, 124.00 ha, elevation 0.9 m
25:
4871:1986 establishments in Tamil Nadu
4662:Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest
1969:http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/3068/
1032:Shingle, 12.69 ha, elevation .6m
786:Mulli, 10.20 ha, elevation 1.2 m
218:560 km (220 sq mi)
4581:Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve
3252:
3251:
2361:
2356:
2351:
1827:"Status of Coral Reefs of India"
1417:and 11 species from 10 genus of
754:Valai 10.10 ha, elevation 3.0 m
690:Appa, 28.63 ha, elevation 6.4 m
303:Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve
293:, India for 160 km between
273:consisting of 21 small islands (
120:
113:
87:
80:
54:
2227:Marine Protected Areas of India
2193:Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Trust
1241:Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin
221:
168:
1829:. 9 ICRS, BALI. Archived from
1:
3299:Protected areas of Tamil Nadu
309:of plants and animals in its
301:. It is the core area of the
101:Location in Tamil Nadu, India
4851:National parks in Tamil Nadu
4657:Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary
4647:Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary
4357:Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary
4269:Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary
4070:Reservoirs and dams in India
2875:Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve
1773:Tamil Nadu Forest Department
1346:A unique endemic species of
1180:. The introduced tree genus
4748:Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary
4687:Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
1600:Undp gombr (October 2006).
4892:
4632:Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary
3893:Inland lakes, deltas, etc.
2349:
2210:Fact Sheet – October, 2006
1798:Jeganathan Stalin (2007).
4697:Vembannur Wetland Complex
4586:Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary
4566:Beas Conservation Reserve
3662:
3516:Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur
3247:
3107:Mahavir Harina Vanasthali
2269:
1971:. retrieved on 13-05-2014
1127:Dugong with tropical fish
240:
74:
53:
39:
4743:Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary
3667:Protected areas of India
2275:Protected areas of India
1703:OSTI staff (July 2004).
1267:. Larger whales include
4758:Samaspur Bird Sanctuary
4652:Karikili Bird Sanctuary
4264:Sultanpur National Park
2622:Salim Ali National Park
2263:National parks of India
2182:Corals images gallery:
1555:Shaunak B Modi (2011).
450:Kariyachalli, 16.46 ha
417:Vilanguchalli, 0.95 ha
271:protected area of India
156:Ramanathapuram District
27:Protected area of India
4692:Vellode Bird Sanctuary
4682:Vaduvur Bird Sanctuary
4609:Keoladeo National Park
4528:Bhitarkanika Mangroves
3102:Kasu Brahmananda Reddy
2215:Fact Sheet – May, 2007
1866:. retrieved 13-05-2014
1775:. 2007. Archived from
1462:
1323:spp. (squirrel fish),
1128:
1120:
827:
104:Show map of Tamil Nadu
4876:Ramsar sites in India
4846:Marine parks of India
4810:East Kolkata Wetlands
4143:Ramsar sites in India
3647:Conservation reserves
3587:Kalakkad Mundanthurai
2817:Satpura Tiger Reserve
2058:UNDP (January 2001).
2026:Hoon Vineeta (1997).
1995:Balaenoptera musculus
1965:Balaenoptera borealis
1456:
1406:, and 100 species of
1378:, and 466 species of
1362:Four species each of
1126:
1114:
966:Pullivasal, 29.95 ha
934:Poomarichan 16.58 ha
902:Manoli-Putti 2.34 ha
822:
4763:Sandi Bird Sanctuary
4753:Saman Bird Sanctuary
4385:Vembanad-Kol Wetland
4081:Rivers of Bangladesh
3378:Wildlife sanctuaries
2318:Middle Button Island
2060:"Project Document –
2016:retrieved 13-05-2014
1935:Balaenoptera edeni.
1913:retrieved 13-05-2014
1902:Active Asia Travel.
1705:"Focus on an Island"
1494:Coral reefs in India
1436:species of families
1335:spp. (snappers) and
1209:olive ridley turtles
1087:8.78075°N 78.19536°E
1051:9.24174°N 79.23563°E
1017:9.24690°N 79.20945°E
998:Kurusadai, 65.80 ha
985:9.23699°N 79.19100°E
953:9.24538°N 79.17993°E
921:9.21581°N 79.12800°E
889:9.21564°N 79.12834°E
868:(recently populated)
856:9.19912°N 79.07530°E
805:9.18641°N 78.96810°E
773:9.18421°N 78.93866°E
741:9.18133°N 78.90673°E
709:9.16582°N 78.82596°E
677:9.15413°N 78.76695°E
645:9.15354°N 78.73052°E
613:9.15294°N 78.69481°E
573:9.10667°N 78.57885°E
541:9.10320°N 78.53688°E
509:9.08921°N 78.49148°E
469:8.95409°N 78.25235°E
436:8.93815°N 78.26969°E
404:8.86879°N 78.22506°E
372:8.83639°N 78.21047°E
199:9.13750°N 79.47250°E
4667:Pichavaram Mangrove
4459:Nandur Madhameshwar
4047:Lakes of Bangladesh
3710:Indian subcontinent
3708:Hydrography of the
3541:Udayamarthandapuram
2807:Pench National Park
2787:Kanha Tiger Reserve
2609:Jammu & Kashmir
2343:South Button Island
2328:North Button Island
1858:13 May 2014 at the
1474:Habitat degradation
1461:that fish in GOMMNP
1410:occur in the Gulf.
1337:Abudefduf saxatilis
1083: /
1047: /
1013: /
981: /
949: /
917: /
885: /
852: /
801: /
769: /
737: /
705: /
673: /
641: /
609: /
591:group: (7 islands)
569: /
537: /
505: /
465: /
432: /
400: /
368: /
231:Governing body
195: /
150:Coastal regions of
4768:Sarsai Nawar Jheel
3536:Suchindram Theroor
3306:Biosphere reserves
3181:Govind Pashu Vihar
2696:Kali Tiger Reserve
2323:Mt. Harriet Island
2154:The Times of India
1779:on 27 October 2007
1681:on 16 January 2022
1563:on 2 November 2007
1463:
1402:, 108 species of
1261:melon-headed whale
1129:
1121:
828:
487:group: (3 islands)
385:Koswari, 19.50 ha
350:group: (4 islands)
4823:
4822:
4815:Sundarban Wetland
4778:Upper Ganga River
4738:Haiderpur Wetland
4733:Bakhira Sanctuary
4538:Hirakud Reservoir
4380:Sasthamkotta Lake
4375:Ashtamudi Wetland
4325:Shallbugh Wetland
4307:Jammu and Kashmir
4109:
4108:
3970:Kerala backwaters
3675:
3674:
3611:Elephant reserves
3405:Grizzled Squirrel
3265:
3264:
3196:Valley of Flowers
2744:Mathikettan Shola
2538:Gir National Park
2395:Arunachal Pradesh
2000:"Submit a Record"
1740:. 18 January 2019
1645:on 6 January 2008
1370:, 106 species of
1265:dwarf sperm whale
1092:8.78075; 78.19536
1056:9.24174; 79.23563
1022:9.24690; 79.20945
990:9.23699; 79.19100
958:9.24538; 79.17993
926:9.21581; 79.12800
894:9.21564; 79.12834
870:Manoli, 25.90 ha
861:9.19912; 79.07530
834:group:(7 islands)
810:9.18641; 78.96810
778:9.18421; 78.93866
746:9.18133; 78.90673
714:9.16582; 78.82596
682:9.15413; 78.76695
650:9.15354; 78.73052
618:9.15294; 78.69481
578:9.10667; 78.57885
546:9.10320; 78.53688
514:9.08921; 78.49148
474:8.95409; 78.25235
441:8.93815; 78.26969
409:8.86879; 78.22506
377:8.83639; 78.21047
326:glass-bottom boat
263:
262:
251:/WildBiodiversity
204:9.13750; 79.47250
170:Nearest city
137:Show map of India
16:(Redirected from
4883:
4856:Coromandel Coast
4836:IUCN Category II
4279:Himachal Pradesh
4246:Wadhvana Wetland
4136:
4129:
4122:
4113:
4011:Gulf of Khambhat
3702:
3695:
3688:
3679:
3654:Tiruvidaimarudur
3474:Bird sanctuaries
3292:
3285:
3278:
3269:
3255:
3254:
2581:Himachal Pradesh
2380:Sri Venkateswara
2365:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2233:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2157:. Archived from
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2121:
2112:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2068:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2023:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2002:. Archived from
1991:
1985:
1978:
1972:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1940:. Archived from
1933:
1927:
1920:
1914:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1873:
1867:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1833:on 10 April 2009
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1761:
1750:
1749:
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1745:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1680:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1606:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1535:
1528:
1519:
1392:polyplacophorans
1374:, 17 species of
1352:Ptychodera fluva
1343:) are abundant.
1245:finless porpoise
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1006:
996:
995:
993:
992:
991:
986:
982:
979:
978:
977:
974:
964:
963:
961:
960:
959:
954:
950:
947:
946:
945:
942:
932:
931:
929:
928:
927:
922:
918:
915:
914:
913:
910:
900:
899:
897:
896:
895:
890:
886:
883:
882:
881:
878:
867:
866:
864:
863:
862:
857:
853:
850:
849:
848:
845:
816:
815:
813:
812:
811:
806:
802:
799:
798:
797:
794:
784:
783:
781:
780:
779:
774:
770:
767:
766:
765:
762:
752:
751:
749:
748:
747:
742:
738:
735:
734:
733:
730:
720:
719:
717:
716:
715:
710:
706:
703:
702:
701:
698:
688:
687:
685:
684:
683:
678:
674:
671:
670:
669:
666:
656:
655:
653:
652:
651:
646:
642:
639:
638:
637:
634:
624:
623:
621:
620:
619:
614:
610:
607:
606:
605:
602:
584:
583:
581:
580:
579:
574:
570:
567:
566:
565:
562:
552:
551:
549:
548:
547:
542:
538:
535:
534:
533:
530:
520:
519:
517:
516:
515:
510:
506:
503:
502:
501:
498:
480:
479:
477:
476:
475:
470:
466:
463:
462:
461:
458:
447:
446:
444:
443:
442:
437:
433:
430:
429:
428:
425:
415:
414:
412:
411:
410:
405:
401:
398:
397:
396:
393:
383:
382:
380:
379:
378:
373:
369:
366:
365:
364:
361:
297:(Tuticorin) and
259:
256:
254:
252:
250:
248:
246:
244:
210:
209:
207:
206:
205:
200:
196:
193:
192:
191:
188:
138:
124:
123:
117:
105:
91:
90:
84:
58:
32:
21:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4796:
4782:
4719:
4715:Rudrasagar Lake
4701:
4618:
4595:
4552:
4509:
4491:
4473:
4445:
4412:
4389:
4361:
4343:
4301:
4273:
4250:
4217:
4199:
4181:
4163:
4145:
4140:
4110:
4105:
4035:
3979:
3888:
3712:
3706:
3676:
3671:
3658:
3642:
3606:
3570:
3469:
3373:
3327:
3301:
3296:
3266:
3261:
3243:
3200:
3157:
3139:
3130:Clouded Leopard
3116:
3088:
3045:
3041:Khangchendzonga
3027:
3003:Mukundara Hills
2989:
2966:
2948:
2925:
2902:
2879:
2826:
2763:
2720:
2682:
2664:
2646:
2603:
2589:Great Himalayan
2575:
2552:
2519:
2501:
2478:
2460:
2412:
2389:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2295:Nicobar Islands
2294:
2287:
2265:
2260:
2179:
2177:Further reading
2174:
2164:
2162:
2161:on 12 June 2013
2147:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2129:on 27 July 2011
2126:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2076:on 15 July 2007
2073:
2066:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2033:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2009:
2007:
1998:
1992:
1988:
1979:
1975:
1962:
1958:
1947:
1945:
1938:"Bryde's Whale"
1936:
1934:
1930:
1921:
1917:
1909:13 May 2014 at
1901:
1897:
1887:
1885:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1860:Wayback Machine
1850:
1846:
1836:
1834:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1806:on 21 July 2011
1797:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1763:
1762:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1658:
1648:
1646:
1632:
1631:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1591:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1539:
1537:
1536:on 21 July 2011
1533:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1485:
1476:
1451:
1257:Risso's dolphin
1249:spinner dolphin
1217:
1189:Pemphis acidula
1109:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1002:
1000:
999:
997:
989:
987:
983:
980:
975:
972:
970:
968:
967:
965:
957:
955:
951:
948:
943:
940:
938:
936:
935:
933:
925:
923:
919:
916:
911:
908:
906:
904:
903:
901:
893:
891:
887:
884:
879:
876:
874:
872:
871:
869:
860:
858:
854:
851:
846:
843:
841:
839:
838:
836:
824:Topographic Map
809:
807:
803:
800:
795:
792:
790:
788:
787:
785:
777:
775:
771:
768:
763:
760:
758:
756:
755:
753:
745:
743:
739:
736:
731:
728:
726:
724:
723:
721:
713:
711:
707:
704:
699:
696:
694:
692:
691:
689:
681:
679:
675:
672:
667:
664:
662:
660:
659:
657:
649:
647:
643:
640:
635:
632:
630:
628:
627:
625:
617:
615:
611:
608:
603:
600:
598:
596:
595:
593:
577:
575:
571:
568:
563:
560:
558:
556:
555:
553:
545:
543:
539:
536:
531:
528:
526:
524:
523:
521:
513:
511:
507:
504:
499:
496:
494:
492:
491:
489:
473:
471:
467:
464:
459:
456:
454:
452:
451:
449:
440:
438:
434:
431:
426:
423:
421:
419:
418:
416:
408:
406:
402:
399:
394:
391:
389:
387:
386:
384:
376:
374:
370:
367:
362:
359:
357:
355:
354:
353:Vaan, 16.0 ha
352:
334:
277:) and adjacent
241:
203:
201:
197:
194:
189:
186:
184:
182:
181:
142:
141:
140:
139:
136:
135:
132:
131:
130:
129:
125:
108:
107:
106:
103:
102:
99:
98:
97:
96:
92:
70:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4889:
4887:
4879:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4841:Gulf of Mannar
4838:
4828:
4827:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4806:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4790:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4729:
4727:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4711:
4709:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4628:
4626:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4616:
4611:
4605:
4603:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4576:Kanjli Wetland
4573:
4571:Harike Wetland
4568:
4562:
4560:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4545:
4543:Satkosia Gorge
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4519:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4501:
4499:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4483:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4447:
4446:
4444:
4443:
4441:Yashwant Sagar
4438:
4433:
4428:
4422:
4420:
4418:Madhya Pradesh
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4399:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4371:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4353:
4351:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4315:Hokera Wetland
4311:
4309:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4283:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4227:
4225:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4209:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4191:
4189:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4151:Andhra Pradesh
4147:
4146:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4116:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4077:
4076:
4066:
4065:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4016:Gulf of Mannar
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3960:Red Hills Lake
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3713:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3682:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3638:Srivilliputhur
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3597:Sathyamangalam
3594:
3589:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3575:Tiger reserves
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3526:Point Calimere
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3450:Sathyamangalam
3447:
3445:Point Calimere
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3354:Gulf of Mannar
3351:
3346:
3341:
3335:
3333:
3332:National parks
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3318:Gulf of Mannar
3315:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3272:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3167:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3098:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3064:Gulf of Mannar
3061:
3055:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
2999:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2935:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2836:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2769:Madhya Pradesh
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Pampadam Shola
2746:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2674:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2656:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2585:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2511:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2488:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2426:Dibru-Saikhowa
2422:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2405:
2399:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2372:Andhra Pradesh
2368:
2367:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2313:Mahatma Gandhi
2310:
2305:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2278:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2191:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2140:
2107:
2097:
2087:
2050:
2048:Patterson J.K.
2041:
2018:
2006:on 13 May 2014
1986:
1973:
1956:
1944:on 13 May 2014
1928:
1915:
1895:
1876:Wells (1995).
1868:
1864:Tuticorin City
1844:
1817:
1790:
1751:
1725:
1692:
1656:
1622:
1589:
1574:
1547:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1450:
1447:
1423:fringing reefs
1382:including 271
1341:sergeant major
1301:butterfly fish
1285:humpback whale
1253:common dolphin
1216:
1213:
1108:
1105:
333:
330:
283:Gulf of Mannar
261:
260:
238:
237:
232:
228:
227:
224:
220:
219:
216:
212:
211:
179:
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
148:
144:
143:
133:
127:
126:
119:
118:
112:
111:
110:
109:
100:
94:
93:
86:
85:
79:
78:
77:
76:
75:
72:
71:
59:
51:
50:
40:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4888:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4799:
4795:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4725:Uttar Pradesh
4722:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4625:
4621:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4598:
4592:
4591:Ropar Wetland
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4559:
4555:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4448:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4415:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4346:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:Hygam Wetland
4318:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4304:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4292:Pong Dam Lake
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4137:
4132:
4130:
4125:
4123:
4118:
4117:
4114:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4021:Laccadive Sea
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4006:Gulf of Kutch
4004:
4002:
4001:Bay of Bengal
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3925:Skeleton Lake
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3717:Inland rivers
3715:
3711:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3691:
3689:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3661:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3618:Agasthyamalai
3616:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3491:Kanjirankulam
3489:
3487:
3486:Kallaperambur
3484:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3395:Cauvery South
3393:
3391:
3390:Cauvery North
3388:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3313:Agasthyamalai
3311:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3293:
3288:
3286:
3281:
3279:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3258:
3250:
3249:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3145:Uttar Pradesh
3142:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2893:Keibul Lamjao
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2870:Sanjay Gandhi
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2760:
2759:Silent Valley
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2734:Anamudi Shola
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2543:Gulf of Kutch
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2497:Kanger Valley
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:Dehing Patkai
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2252:
2250:
2245:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2108:
2101:
2098:
2091:
2088:
2072:
2065:
2063:
2054:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1943:
1939:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1911:archive.today
1908:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1818:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1791:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1677:
1670:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1578:
1575:
1562:
1558:
1551:
1548:
1532:
1525:
1522:UNDP (1994).
1518:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1460:
1455:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1358:Invertebrates
1355:
1353:
1349:
1348:Balanoglossus
1344:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1277:Bryde's whale
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1233:marine mammal
1231:
1227:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1205:green turtles
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1139:communities,
1138:
1134:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1101:Tuticorn Port
1096:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1026:
994:
962:
930:
898:
865:
835:
833:
825:
821:
817:
814:
782:
750:
718:
686:
654:
622:
592:
590:
585:
582:
550:
518:
488:
486:
481:
478:
445:
413:
381:
351:
349:
344:
341:
339:
331:
329:
327:
323:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
258:
239:
236:
233:
229:
225:
217:
213:
208:
180:
176:
172:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
116:
83:
73:
69:
68:marine mammal
66:
62:
57:
52:
47:
46:national park
43:
42:IUCN category
38:
33:
30:
19:
4794:Asan Barrage
4636:
4614:Sambhar Lake
4548:Tampara Lake
4533:Chilika Lake
4523:Anshupa Lake
4505:Pala Wetland
4431:Sakhya Sagar
4426:Bhoj Wetland
4334:Mansar Lakes
4287:Chandra Taal
4159:Kolleru Lake
3991:Indian Ocean
3975:Pulicat Lake
3945:Saiful Muluk
3930:Chilika Lake
3920:Pookode Lake
3905:Ganges Delta
3900:Ganges Basin
3551:Vedanthangal
3531:Pulicat Lake
3511:Koothankulam
3440:Mundanthurai
3400:Gangaikondan
3359:Karian Shola
3353:
3224:Neora Valley
3084:Palani Hills
3063:
3018:Ranthambhore
2980:Bhitarkanika
2845:Gilbert Hill
2706:Bannerghatta
2484:Chhattisgarh
2303:Campbell Bay
2280:
2273:
2163:. Retrieved
2159:the original
2152:
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2124:the original
2110:
2100:
2090:
2078:. Retrieved
2071:the original
2061:
2053:
2044:
2032:. Retrieved
2021:
2008:. Retrieved
2004:the original
1994:
1989:
1976:
1964:
1959:
1946:. Retrieved
1942:the original
1931:
1918:
1898:
1886:. Retrieved
1881:
1871:
1847:
1835:. Retrieved
1831:the original
1820:
1808:. Retrieved
1804:the original
1793:
1781:. Retrieved
1777:the original
1768:
1742:. Retrieved
1737:
1728:
1716:. Retrieved
1711:
1683:. Retrieved
1676:the original
1647:. Retrieved
1643:the original
1638:
1633:IOM (2007).
1613:. Retrieved
1608:
1583:
1577:
1565:. Retrieved
1561:the original
1550:
1538:. Retrieved
1531:the original
1517:
1477:
1464:
1432:
1412:
1376:sea cucumber
1361:
1357:
1356:
1345:
1336:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1308:
1297:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1130:
1115:
1103:facilities.
1067:
1064:
830:
829:
823:
587:
586:
483:
482:
346:
345:
342:
338:barrier reef
335:
287:Indian Ocean
266:
264:
152:Thoothukkudi
29:
4861:Thoothukudi
4802:West Bengal
4788:Uttarakhand
4773:Sur Sarovar
4487:Loktak Lake
4469:Thane Creek
4451:Maharashtra
4436:Sirpur Lake
4297:Renuka Lake
4195:Kanwar Lake
4177:Deepor Beel
4031:Palk Strait
3996:Arabian Sea
3955:Nizam Sagar
3940:Borith Lake
3910:Indus Delta
3744:Brahmaputra
3566:Viralimalai
3481:Chitrangudi
3420:Kanyakumari
3344:Grass Hills
3206:West Bengal
3171:Jim Corbett
3163:Uttarakhand
2832:Maharashtra
2777:Bandhavgarh
2338:Saddle Peak
2333:Rani Jhansi
2293:Andaman and
1434:Stony coral
1427:patch reefs
1419:ahermatypes
1396:cephalopods
1329:parrot fish
1320:Holocentrus
1273:minke whale
1269:sperm whale
1220:Vertebrates
1141:sea grasses
1133:coral reefs
1090: /
1054: /
1020: /
988: /
956: /
924: /
892: /
859: /
808: /
776: /
744: /
712: /
680: /
648: /
616: /
576: /
544: /
512: /
472: /
439: /
407: /
375: /
299:Dhanushkodi
295:Thoothukudi
279:coral reefs
223:Established
202: /
178:Coordinates
4830:Categories
4624:Tamil Nadu
4464:Lonar Lake
4339:Wular Lake
4236:Nalsarovar
4213:Nanda Lake
4040:Categories
3965:Malampuzha
3950:Gosaikunda
3935:Lake Powai
3739:Bhagirathi
3628:Coimbatore
3561:Vettangudi
3521:Nanjarayan
3496:Karaivetti
3435:Kodaikanal
3234:Sundarbans
3186:Nanda Devi
3051:Tamil Nadu
2739:Eravikulam
2711:Kundremukh
2594:Pin Valley
2133:14 October
2080:15 October
2034:15 October
1888:15 October
1837:15 October
1810:15 October
1783:14 October
1718:15 October
1685:15 October
1649:15 October
1615:16 October
1567:15 October
1540:15 October
1510:References
1468:Marakeyars
1449:Habitation
1415:hermatypes
1408:echinoderm
1400:scaphopods
1384:gastropods
1315:clown fish
1310:Amphiprion
1305:parrotfish
1293:blue whale
1230:vulnerable
1202:endangered
1194:Lythraceae
1177:Lumnitzera
1153:Rhizophora
1078:78°11′43″E
1042:79°14′08″E
1008:79°12′34″E
976:79°11′28″E
944:79°10′48″E
912:79°07′41″E
880:79°07′42″E
847:79°04′31″E
796:78°58′05″E
764:78°56′19″E
732:78°54′24″E
700:78°49′33″E
668:78°46′01″E
636:78°43′50″E
604:78°41′41″E
564:78°34′44″E
532:78°32′13″E
500:78°29′29″E
460:78°15′08″E
427:78°16′11″E
395:78°13′30″E
363:78°12′38″E
315:intertidal
291:Tamil Nadu
190:79°28′21″E
187:09°08′15″N
173:Rameswaram
160:Tamil Nadu
65:vulnerable
4601:Rajasthan
4403:Tsomoriri
4349:Karnataka
4241:Thol Lake
4231:Khijadiya
4101:Sri Lanka
4074:Sri Lanka
4063:Sri Lanka
3854:Sarasvati
3824:Mahananda
3633:Mudumalai
3602:Megamalai
3592:Mudumalai
3506:Kazhuveli
3465:Vallanadu
3430:Mudumalai
3425:Megamalai
3364:Mudumalai
3239:Jaldapara
3229:Singalila
3112:Mrugavani
3094:Telangana
3074:Mudumalai
2995:Rajasthan
2944:Phawngpui
2916:Balpakram
2908:Meghalaya
2822:Van Vihar
2716:Nagarhole
2688:Karnataka
2670:Jharkhand
2632:Overa-Aru
2599:Khirganga
2571:Sultanpur
2533:Blackbuck
2492:Indravati
2436:Kaziranga
2385:Papikonda
1457:Boats at
1438:Poritidae
1289:fin whale
1281:sei whale
1237:cetaceans
1165:Bruguiera
1159:Avicennia
1145:mangroves
1117:Mangroves
1075:8°46′51″N
1039:9°14′30″N
1005:9°14′49″N
973:9°14′13″N
941:9°14′43″N
909:9°12′57″N
877:9°12′56″N
844:9°11′57″N
793:9°11′11″N
761:9°11′03″N
729:9°10′53″N
697:9°09′57″N
665:9°09′15″N
633:9°09′13″N
601:9°09′11″N
589:Kilakarai
561:9°06′24″N
529:9°06′12″N
497:9°05′21″N
457:8°57′15″N
424:8°56′17″N
392:8°52′08″N
360:8°50′11″N
348:Tuticorin
332:Geography
317:and near
307:diversity
4330:Surinsar
4097:Pakistan
4059:Pakistan
4026:Palk Bay
3915:Dal Lake
3829:Mahaweli
3819:Mahanadi
3779:Ghaghara
3764:Godavari
3623:Anamalai
3582:Anamalai
3546:Vaduvoor
3501:Karikili
3415:Kalakkad
3385:Anamalai
3369:Mukurthi
3339:Anamalai
3323:Nilgiris
3257:Category
3219:Gorumara
3176:Gangotri
3079:Mukurthi
3069:Anamalai
3013:Keoladeo
2985:Simlipal
2962:Intangki
2954:Nagaland
2860:Navegaon
2840:Chandoli
2701:Bandipur
2642:Hokersar
2627:Kishtwar
2617:Dachigam
2408:Namdapha
2308:Galathea
1907:Archived
1856:Archived
1483:See also
1459:Mandapam
1442:Faviidae
1388:bivalves
1333:Lutjanus
1192:(family
1183:Prosopis
832:Mandapam
322:habitats
147:Location
4707:Tripura
4497:Mizoram
4479:Manipur
4408:Tso Kar
4256:Haryana
4223:Gujarat
3984:Coastal
3859:Sankosh
3839:Narmada
3809:Krishna
3769:Gandaki
3759:Damodar
3749:Chambal
3724:Bagmati
3556:Vellode
3455:Periyar
3410:Kadavur
3135:Rajbari
3122:Tripura
3023:Sariska
2931:Mizoram
2885:Manipur
2855:Karnala
2850:Gugamal
2754:Periyar
2637:Hirpora
2566:Kalesar
2558:Haryana
2525:Gujarat
2474:Valmiki
2456:Raimona
2403:Mouling
1380:mollusc
1368:lobster
1171:Ceriops
1137:seaweed
1030:island.
285:in the
281:in the
243:forests
4558:Punjab
4515:Odisha
4395:Ladakh
4367:Kerala
4085:Bhutan
3884:Yamuna
3874:Sutlej
3864:Sharda
3834:Meghna
3799:Kaveri
3789:Jhelum
3774:Ganges
3754:Chenab
3460:Nellai
3349:Guindy
3191:Rajaji
3153:Dudhwa
3059:Guindy
3033:Sikkim
3008:Desert
2972:Odisha
2939:Murlen
2921:Nokrek
2898:Shirui
2812:Sanjay
2797:Madhav
2782:Fossil
2726:Kerala
2652:Ladakh
2548:Vansda
2515:Mollem
2446:Nameri
2165:9 June
2105:600028
2010:13 May
1948:13 May
1744:7 July
1738:UNESCO
1611:. UNDP
1404:sponge
1398:and 5
1386:, 174
1364:shrimp
1327:spp. (
1325:Scarus
1313:spp. (
1291:, and
1263:, and
1226:dugong
1198:dugong
1143:, and
485:Vembar
311:marine
275:islets
255:_gmmnp
61:Dugong
4187:Bihar
4169:Assam
4093:Nepal
4089:India
4055:Nepal
4051:India
3879:Tapti
3844:Padma
3784:Indus
3734:Betwa
2865:Pench
2802:Panna
2678:Betla
2660:Hemis
2466:Bihar
2451:Orang
2441:Manas
2418:Assam
2127:(PDF)
2120:(PDF)
2074:(PDF)
2067:(PDF)
1708:(PDF)
1679:(PDF)
1672:(PDF)
1605:(PDF)
1534:(PDF)
1527:(PDF)
1394:, 16
1215:Fauna
1107:Flora
319:shore
269:is a
257:.html
164:India
3849:Ravi
3814:Luni
3804:Kosi
3794:Kali
3729:Beas
3214:Buxa
2792:Kuno
2167:2013
2135:2007
2082:2007
2036:2007
2012:2014
1950:2014
1890:2007
1839:2007
1812:2007
1785:2007
1746:2022
1720:2007
1687:2007
1651:2007
1617:2007
1569:2007
1542:2007
1440:and
1390:, 5
1372:crab
1366:and
1228:, a
1224:The
1207:and
1174:and
826:(SW)
265:The
247:.nic
226:1986
215:Area
154:and
63:, a
44:II (
4205:Goa
3869:Son
2507:Goa
1331:),
1317:),
1303:),
253:/np
249:.in
245:.tn
4832::
4099:/
4095:/
4091:/
4087:/
4083:/
4072:/
4061:/
4057:/
4053:/
4049:/
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2186:,
2184:#1
2151:.
1880:.
1862:.
1771:.
1767:.
1754:^
1736:.
1710:.
1695:^
1659:^
1637:.
1625:^
1607:.
1592:^
1350:–
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1295:.
1287:,
1279:,
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