582:
458:. Some scholars describe him as a moderate, progressive moderniser caught between the influence of conservative older leaders and young radicals. Others describe him less favourably as a conservative who, despite his early activities for promoting education, would go on to become protective of his own rights and interest as a member of the nobility, and suspicious of young Mongols who had received a modern education as potential challengers to those interests.
654:, and overseeing the establishment of the Mongolian and Tibetan Academy in Beijing, which trained a number of cadres who would go on to achieve prominence in Inner Mongolian politics in the coming decades. He was the only Mongol prince to achieve ministerial rank in Yuan's government. He would hold that position for seventeen years, though in the chaos of the
33:
581:
633:
population in his own domains thwarted this idea. He restricted himself to a more modest effort to attempt to consolidate his own power and unite the Inner
Mongolian nobility. He began purchasing weapons from a group of Japanese army officers in
642:; however, the arms shipments were intercepted and the officers involved arrested, bringing to an end Gungsangnorbu's efforts to strengthen his own military power. Instead, he participated in
1101:
605:
with
Russian support, Gungsangnorbu turned to the Japanese. He and other Inner Mongolian princes took loans and received arms from the Japanese to prepare their secession from China. The
629:
aim of annexing China's Inner
Mongolian territories to an independent, Mongol-dominated Greater Mongolia. However, political fragmentation and the reality of a large
1016:'Үхэр жилийн үймээний гэрэл ба сүүдэр' хэмээх зохиолын тухай тэмдэглэл, шүүмж — Records and reviews discussing 'Light and shadow in the Year of the Ox unrest'
562:
reforms; upon his return to Inner
Mongolia established a military school and a girls' school, both with Japanese teachers. Among his pupils there was
1106:
651:
111:
1067:
1004:
986:
965:
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923:
1035:
Who's who in China, containing the pictures and biographies of China's best known political, financial, business and professional men
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325:
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491:
475:
355:
219:
369:
1096:
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for
Gungsangnorbu. In the aftermath of the Xinhai Revolution, Gungsangnorbu made some attempts to form an alliance with
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483:
689:
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1062:, Monographs of the David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies, Utah: Brigham Young University,
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550:. In 1902, he established what has been described as one of the first modern schools in
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487:
321:
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Jagchid, Sechin (1988), "Prince
Gungsangnorbu and Inner Mongolian modernization",
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655:
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630:
309:
571:
226:
149:
32:
914:
Black, Cyril E.; Dupree, Louis; West, Elizabeth
Endicott; Naby, Eden (1991),
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614:
259:
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Asian frontier nationalism: Owen
Lattimore and the American policy debate
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even dispatched a major and two captains in
December 1911 to act as
580:
546:). He was born and spent his childhood in his ancestral home, the
999:, Nordic Institute of Asian Studies monograph series, Routledge,
935:
Japanese-Mongolian
Relations, 1873-1945: Faith, Race and Strategy
785:
783:
781:
658:
he was not able to achieve all that he hoped for. After the 1928
554:. In 1903, he was invited to visit Japan along with a group of
979:
A Mongolian living Buddha: biography of the Kanjurwa Khutughtu
1022:, School of Social Sciences, National University of Mongolia
597:
and advocated the independence of Mongolia from China. As
997:
Imperial Japan and national identities in Asia, 1895-1945
662:
he resigned from his position, and died two years later.
152:
as head of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission)
694:
730:
1037:(3rd ed.), Shanghai: China Weekly Review, 1925,
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broke out in 1911, Gungsangnorbu probably joined the
530:, and he was consequently also known as Prince Gung.
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Chinese Mongolian jasagh and politician (1871–1930)
953:
37:Gongsangnorbu, as pictured in the 1925 edition of
1102:Republic of China politicians from Inner Mongolia
802:
360:
8:
751:] (in Chinese). Zhonghua Book Company.
383:
31:
20:
652:Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
938:, Folkestone: Global Oriental (Brill),
893:
861:
818:
718:
671:
650:, taking a position as director of the
112:Bureau of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs
877:
834:
227:Minister for National Minority Affairs
163:16 October 1912 – April 1922
7:
849:
995:Li, Narangoa; Cribb, R. B. (2003),
566:. Later, he sent a small number of
761:张子新，蒙藏委员会涉藏事务研究，中央民族大学硕士学位论文，2007年
621:in the newly independent state of
538:Gungsangnorbu was prince of Right
124:February 1923 – July 1928
14:
474:, is transcribed into Chinese as
1107:Republic of China Army generals
960:, Manchester University Press,
916:The Modernization of Inner Asia
585:Gungsangnorbu, fourth from left
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526:
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239:1 July – 12 July 1917
1:
772:"ГҮНСЭННОРОВ Ванданнамжилын"
319:1930 (aged 58–59)
1060:Essays in Mongolian studies
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568:Mongolian students to Japan
484:Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet
188:Minister for Inner Mongolia
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977:; Jagchid, Sechin (1983),
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356:Traditional Chinese
220:Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren
731:Who's who in China 1925
370:Simplified Chinese
1112:Mongolian nationalists
952:Cotton, James (1989),
607:Imperial Japanese Army
586:
454:and politician of the
306:Kharachin Right Banner
52:Kharachin Right Banner
584:
482:. In the (proleptic)
447:(1871 – 1930) was an
208:Bogd Khan of Mongolia
932:Boyd, James (2011),
603:to gain independence
173:Yao Xiguang (acting)
1097:People from Chifeng
1013:Lonjid, Z. (2010),
894:Li & Cribb 2003
862:Li & Cribb 2003
819:Li & Cribb 2003
660:Northern Expedition
420:Kung Sang No Erh Pu
648:Beiyang government
587:
286:Position abolished
145:Position abolished
39:Who's Who in China
1069:978-0-912575-06-3
1006:978-0-7007-1482-7
988:978-0-87395-713-7
967:978-0-7190-2585-3
945:978-1-906876-19-7
925:978-0-87332-779-4
790:Black et al. 1991
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591:Xinhai Revolution
456:Republic of China
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393:Standard Mandarin
326:Republic of China
272:Position restored
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406:Gòngsāngnuò'ěrbù
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1051:Further reading
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332:Political party
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599:Outer Mongolia
595:Royalist Party
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472:Tibetan origin
470:, which is of
468:Mongolian name
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50:Jasagh of the
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627:Pan-Mongolist
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540:Harqin Banner
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531:
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488:courtesy name
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445:Gungsangnorbu
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25:Gungsangnorbu
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1059:
1034:
1024:, retrieved
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978:
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907:Bibliography
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837:, p. 2.
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738:
674:
588:
570:, including
560:Meiji period
537:
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400:Hanyu Pinyin
350:Chinese name
282:Succeeded by
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179:Succeeded by
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140:Succeeded by
119:
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91:Head of the
84:
80:Succeeded by
59:
38:
18:
1092:1930 deaths
1087:1871 births
896:, pp.
880:, pp.
878:Cotton 1989
850:Boyd (2011)
835:Lonjid 2010
696:Günsennorob
684:ᠭᠦᠩᠰᠡᠩᠨᠣᠷᠪᠤ
656:Warlord era
644:Yuan Shikai
631:Han Chinese
625:, with the
310:Qing Empire
267:Preceded by
169:Preceded by
130:Preceded by
70:Preceded by
1081:Categories
975:Hyer, Paul
864:, p.
821:, p.
792:, p.
572:Altanochir
414:Wade–Giles
150:Yan Xishan
714:Citations
690:romanized
679:Mongolian
615:Bogd Khan
589:When the
260:Zhang Xun
235:In office
199:1912–1913
195:In office
159:In office
120:In office
105:1918–1930
101:In office
64:1898–1930
60:In office
1043:15002534
1026:4 August
745:清史稿·藩部世表
623:Mongolia
617:and the
601:managed
510:art-name
701:Chinese
692::
636:Beijing
544:Chifeng
514:Chinese
492:Chinese
476:Chinese
244:Monarch
204:Monarch
1066:
1041:
1003:
985:
964:
942:
922:
703::
556:Manchu
534:Career
527:Kuí'ān
524::
522:pinyin
516::
508:. His
505:Lètíng
502::
500:pinyin
494::
478::
452:jasagh
1020:(PDF)
747:[
705:貢桑諾爾布
666:Notes
480:貢桑諾爾布
462:Names
376:贡桑诺尔布
362:貢桑諾爾布
183:Xiyan
1064:ISBN
1039:OCLC
1028:2011
1001:ISBN
983:ISBN
962:ISBN
940:ISBN
920:ISBN
884:–20.
512:was
490:was
466:His
316:Died
303:1871
300:Born
900:–4.
804:–4.
794:151
646:'s
1083::
898:93
882:19
866:91
842:^
823:92
809:^
801:^
780:^
721:^
699:;
687:,
681::
578:.
520:;
518:夔庵
498:;
496:樂亭
324:,
308:,
868:.
825:.
796:.
148:(
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